RPL12 | ENSG00000197958 | NCBI 6136

Details for: RPL12

Associated with

Axon guidance
(R-HSA-422475)
Cap-dependent translation initiation
(R-HSA-72737)
Cellular responses to stimuli
(R-HSA-8953897)
Cellular responses to stress
(R-HSA-2262752)
Cellular response to starvation
(R-HSA-9711097)
Developmental biology
(R-HSA-1266738)
Disease
(R-HSA-1643685)
Eukaryotic translation elongation
(R-HSA-156842)
Eukaryotic translation initiation
(R-HSA-72613)
Eukaryotic translation termination
(R-HSA-72764)
Formation of a pool of free 40s subunits
(R-HSA-72689)
Gtp hydrolysis and joining of the 60s ribosomal subunit
(R-HSA-72706)
Infectious disease
(R-HSA-5663205)
Influenza infection
(R-HSA-168255)
Influenza viral rna transcription and replication
(R-HSA-168273)
L13a-mediated translational silencing of ceruloplasmin expression
(R-HSA-156827)
Major pathway of rrna processing in the nucleolus and cytosol
(R-HSA-6791226)
Metabolism
(R-HSA-1430728)
Metabolism of amino acids and derivatives
(R-HSA-71291)
Metabolism of proteins
(R-HSA-392499)
Metabolism of rna
(R-HSA-8953854)
Nervous system development
(R-HSA-9675108)
Nonsense-mediated decay (nmd)
(R-HSA-927802)
Nonsense mediated decay (nmd) enhanced by the exon junction complex (ejc)
(R-HSA-975957)
Nonsense mediated decay (nmd) independent of the exon junction complex (ejc)
(R-HSA-975956)
Peptide chain elongation
(R-HSA-156902)
Regulation of expression of slits and robos
(R-HSA-9010553)
Response of eif2ak4 (gcn2) to amino acid deficiency
(R-HSA-9633012)
Rrna processing
(R-HSA-72312)
Rrna processing in the nucleus and cytosol
(R-HSA-8868773)
Selenoamino acid metabolism
(R-HSA-2408522)
Selenocysteine synthesis
(R-HSA-2408557)
Signaling by robo receptors
(R-HSA-376176)
Srp-dependent cotranslational protein targeting to membrane
(R-HSA-1799339)
Viral infection pathways
(R-HSA-9824446)
Viral mrna translation
(R-HSA-192823)
Cytoplasm
(GO:0005737)
Cytoplasmic translation
(GO:0002181)
Cytosol
(GO:0005829)
Cytosolic large ribosomal subunit
(GO:0022625)
Cytosolic ribosome
(GO:0022626)
Extracellular exosome
(GO:0070062)
Focal adhesion
(GO:0005925)
Large ribosomal subunit rrna binding
(GO:0070180)
Membrane
(GO:0016020)
Nucleolus
(GO:0005730)
Postsynaptic density
(GO:0014069)
Protein binding
(GO:0005515)
Rna binding
(GO:0003723)
Structural constituent of ribosome
(GO:0003735)
Translation
(GO:0006412)

Significant Cells

Cell Significance Index (CSI) scores for the chosen context(s)

central memory CD4-positive, alpha-beta T cell CL0000904

CSI 151.66

rCSI 89.57%

PRS 1.43
hematopoietic stem cell CL0000037

CSI 141.84

rCSI 94.27%

PRS 1.22
central memory CD8-positive, alpha-beta T cell CL0000907

CSI 135.03

rCSI 90.97%

PRS 1.24
melanocyte CL0000148

CSI 134.68

rCSI 99.75%

PRS 0.98
CD4-positive, alpha-beta memory T cell CL0000897

CSI 133.14

rCSI 95.58%

PRS 1.4
naive thymus-derived CD8-positive, alpha-beta T cell CL0000900

CSI 132.36

rCSI 92.96%

PRS 3.14
naive T cell CL0000898

CSI 130.82

rCSI 91.04%

PRS 1.5
double negative thymocyte CL0002489

CSI 129.32

rCSI 89.9%

PRS 1.2
CD16-positive, CD56-dim natural killer cell, human CL0000939

CSI 125.94

rCSI 83.93%

PRS 2.91
plasmacytoid dendritic cell, human CL0001058

CSI 125.04

rCSI 87.3%

PRS 1.08
class switched memory B cell CL0000972

CSI 124.45

rCSI 92.9%

PRS 1.74
epithelial cell of lower respiratory tract CL0002632

CSI 122.85

rCSI 95.24%

PRS 0.97
bronchus fibroblast of lung CL2000093

CSI 119.53

rCSI 97.12%

PRS 1.07
T follicular helper cell CL0002038

CSI 118.7

rCSI 88.83%

PRS 1.69
CD16-negative, CD56-bright natural killer cell, human CL0000938

CSI 118.06

rCSI 88.53%

PRS 3.1
effector CD8-positive, alpha-beta T cell CL0001050

CSI 117.53

rCSI 89.39%

PRS 1.36
common myeloid progenitor CL0000049

CSI 116.43

rCSI 94.14%

PRS 1.01
skin fibroblast CL0002620

CSI 115.34

rCSI 99.43%

PRS 1.72
CD14-low, CD16-positive monocyte CL0002396

CSI 114.73

rCSI 88.39%

PRS 0.92
group 3 innate lymphoid cell CL0001071

CSI 114.6

rCSI 86.11%

PRS 1.06
CD4-positive helper T cell CL0000492

CSI 113.31

rCSI 85.72%

PRS 1.44
immature B cell CL0000816

CSI 112.64

rCSI 83.69%

PRS 1.53
CD4-positive, alpha-beta thymocyte CL0000810

CSI 111.5

rCSI 89.31%

PRS 1.93
mucosal invariant T cell CL0000940

CSI 109.53

rCSI 88.5%

PRS 2.7
granulocyte monocyte progenitor cell CL0000557

CSI 109.49

rCSI 94.8%

PRS 1.15
T-helper 17 cell CL0000899

CSI 109.15

rCSI 86.67%

PRS 1.83
unswitched memory B cell CL0000970

CSI 109.05

rCSI 91.75%

PRS 1.73
epithelial cell of lung CL0000082

CSI 108.82

rCSI 90.22%

PRS 0.96
mature T cell CL0002419

CSI 108.49

rCSI 84.39%

PRS 1.46
naive B cell CL0000788

CSI 107.81

rCSI 92.47%

PRS 3.34
mature B cell CL0000785

CSI 105.26

rCSI 91.5%

PRS 1.26
early lymphoid progenitor CL0000936

CSI 105.22

rCSI 92.42%

PRS 1.15
neural crest cell CL0011012

CSI 104.86

rCSI 82.88%

PRS 0.71
plasmablast CL0000980

CSI 104.48

rCSI 82.19%

PRS 1.22
keratinocyte CL0000312

CSI 104.01

rCSI 87.19%

PRS 1.24
goblet cell CL0000160

CSI 103.32

rCSI 97.63%

PRS 1.07
intestine goblet cell CL0019031

CSI 102.88

rCSI 91.32%

PRS 1.03
fibroblast of lung CL0002553

CSI 102.53

rCSI 95.42%

PRS 1.02
megakaryocyte-erythroid progenitor cell CL0000050

CSI 102.23

rCSI 92.32%

PRS 0.9
pro-B cell CL0000826

CSI 101.41

rCSI 83.98%

PRS 1.03
activated CD4-positive, alpha-beta T cell CL0000896

CSI 100.26

rCSI 92.68%

PRS 1.88
memory B cell CL0000787

CSI 93.33

rCSI 92.17%

PRS 4.56
effector memory CD8-positive, alpha-beta T cell CL0000913

CSI 93.18

rCSI 84.87%

PRS 1.61
hematopoietic precursor cell CL0008001

CSI 92.58

rCSI 95.24%

PRS 1.53
fallopian tube secretory epithelial cell CL4030006

CSI 91.82

rCSI 88.39%

PRS 1.07
CD4-positive, CD25-positive, alpha-beta regulatory T cell CL0000792

CSI 90.34

rCSI 88.72%

PRS 1.64
intestinal epithelial cell CL0002563

CSI 90

rCSI 94.07%

PRS 1.1
precursor B cell CL0000817

CSI 89.38

rCSI 78.29%

PRS 1.39
respiratory basal cell CL0002633

CSI 88.37

rCSI 91.54%

PRS 1.2
alveolar type 1 fibroblast cell CL4028004

CSI 88.27

rCSI 96.67%

PRS 1.2
pancreatic D cell CL0000173

CSI 88.22

rCSI 86.77%

PRS 1.14
double-positive, alpha-beta thymocyte CL0000809

CSI 87.82

rCSI 89.5%

PRS 1.49
elicited macrophage CL0000861

CSI 87.55

rCSI 80.39%

PRS 1.16
CD8-positive, alpha-beta memory T cell CL0000909

CSI 86.04

rCSI 89.86%

PRS 3.32
ciliated epithelial cell CL0000067

CSI 84.71

rCSI 74.49%

PRS 0.75
CD8-positive, alpha-beta cytotoxic T cell CL0000794

CSI 83.76

rCSI 100%

PRS 1.79
activated CD8-positive, alpha-beta T cell CL0000906

CSI 81.87

rCSI 80.48%

PRS 3.08
small pre-B-II cell CL0000954

CSI 80.63

rCSI 77.53%

PRS 2.25
gamma-delta T cell CL0000798

CSI 78.65

rCSI 92.37%

PRS 10.46
transit amplifying cell of colon CL0009011

CSI 78.24

rCSI 91.89%

PRS 1.26
pancreatic A cell CL0000171

CSI 77.87

rCSI 81.58%

PRS 1.11
fraction A pre-pro B cell CL0002045

CSI 77.56

rCSI 88.79%

PRS 2.14
IgA plasma cell CL0000987

CSI 76.16

rCSI 77.96%

PRS 1.94
activated type II NK T cell CL0000931

CSI 74.9

rCSI 84.3%

PRS 1.73
common dendritic progenitor CL0001029

CSI 74.69

rCSI 93.73%

PRS 1.3
CD1c-positive myeloid dendritic cell CL0002399

CSI 74.31

rCSI 89.76%

PRS 1.18
naive thymus-derived CD4-positive, alpha-beta T cell CL0000895

CSI 73.01

rCSI 91.74%

PRS 5.67
respiratory suprabasal cell CL4033048

CSI 71.29

rCSI 91.44%

PRS 1.19
extravillous trophoblast CL0008036

CSI 71.29

rCSI 88.2%

PRS 0.91
myofibroblast cell CL0000186

CSI 71.07

rCSI 98.43%

PRS 1.48
CD4-positive, alpha-beta T cell CL0000624

CSI 71.05

rCSI 90.92%

PRS 22.51
myeloid leukocyte CL0000766

CSI 70.33

rCSI 64.89%

PRS 1.04
pulmonary ionocyte CL0017000

CSI 69.75

rCSI 84.91%

PRS 1.3
CD14-positive monocyte CL0001054

CSI 69.72

rCSI 86.83%

PRS 1.52
enteroendocrine cell CL0000164

CSI 69.69

rCSI 95.22%

PRS 1.14
mature NK T cell CL0000814

CSI 69.02

rCSI 88.28%

PRS 4.78
B cell CL0000236

CSI 68.54

rCSI 91.7%

PRS 6.32
CD4-positive, alpha-beta cytotoxic T cell CL0000934

CSI 67.46

rCSI 92.68%

PRS 2.21
conventional dendritic cell CL0000990

CSI 67.42

rCSI 56.28%

PRS 3.62
M cell of gut CL0000682

CSI 66.55

rCSI 70.72%

PRS 1.87
perivascular cell CL4033054

CSI 65.92

rCSI 90.11%

PRS 1.18
interstitial cell of Cajal CL0002088

CSI 65.71

rCSI 83.64%

PRS 1.2
club cell CL0000158

CSI 65.62

rCSI 96.12%

PRS 1.22
effector memory CD4-positive, alpha-beta T cell CL0000905

CSI 65.53

rCSI 89.27%

PRS 2.58
common lymphoid progenitor CL0000051

CSI 65.44

rCSI 87.45%

PRS 1.97
chondrocyte CL0000138

CSI 65.37

rCSI 100%

PRS 1.02
mucous neck cell CL0000651

CSI 65.3

rCSI 94.11%

PRS 1.67
multi-ciliated epithelial cell CL0005012

CSI 65.09

rCSI 64.96%

PRS 0.86
promyelocyte CL0000836

CSI 64.63

rCSI 93.22%

PRS 1.43
mesodermal cell CL0000222

CSI 64.6

rCSI 77.55%

PRS 1.03
endothelial cell of artery CL1000413

CSI 64.32

rCSI 94.24%

PRS 6.35
acinar cell CL0000622

CSI 64.22

rCSI 94.17%

PRS 1.36
peripheral nervous system neuron CL2000032

CSI 63.98

rCSI 87.17%

PRS 0.94
enteric smooth muscle cell CL0002504

CSI 63.14

rCSI 90.11%

PRS 1.17
epithelial cell CL0000066

CSI 62.9

rCSI 96.66%

PRS 1.5
colon epithelial cell CL0011108

CSI 62.77

rCSI 65.75%

PRS 0.96
myeloid dendritic cell CL0000782

CSI 62.7

rCSI 90.83%

PRS 1.51
secretory cell CL0000151

CSI 62.57

rCSI 65.29%

PRS 1.05
granulocyte CL0000094

CSI 62.51

rCSI 95.5%

PRS 1.28
conjunctival epithelial cell CL1000432

CSI 62.37

rCSI 95.27%

PRS 1.04

ependymal cell CL0000065

CSI -47.2

rCSI -95.7%

PRS 0.4%
adipocyte CL0000136

CSI -34.6

rCSI -44.4%

PRS 1.4%
pulmonary capillary endothelial cell CL4028001

CSI -28.6

rCSI -54.4%

PRS 1.7%
mature astrocyte CL0002627

CSI -25.7

rCSI -100.0%

PRS 2.9%
neural cell CL0002319

CSI -19.3

rCSI -73.0%

PRS 2.5%
inhibitory interneuron CL0000498

CSI -18.7

rCSI -43.2%

PRS 1.1%
professional antigen presenting cell CL0000145

CSI -17.6

rCSI -60.5%

PRS 4.5%
kidney interstitial alternatively activated macrophage CL1000695

CSI -17.4

rCSI -45.4%

PRS 1.3%
astrocyte of the cerebral cortex CL0002605

CSI -17.3

rCSI -38.8%

PRS 0.7%
endocrine cell CL0000163

CSI -15.9

rCSI -81.6%

PRS 4.6%
pvalb GABAergic cortical interneuron CL4023018

CSI -13.4

rCSI -16.7%

PRS 0.6%
erythroid lineage cell CL0000764

CSI -13.4

rCSI -86.4%

PRS 3.0%
kidney proximal convoluted tubule epithelial cell CL1000838

CSI -12.6

rCSI -100.0%

PRS 20.7%
kidney collecting duct principal cell CL1001431

CSI -12.2

rCSI -61.3%

PRS 7.3%
cell of skeletal muscle CL0000188

CSI -10.8

rCSI -100.0%

PRS 6.9%
squamous epithelial cell CL0000076

CSI -10.8

rCSI -25.6%

PRS 1.4%
differentiation-committed oligodendrocyte precursor CL4023059

CSI -10.6

rCSI -19.2%

PRS 1.3%
regular ventricular cardiac myocyte CL0002131

CSI -10.3

rCSI -64.3%

PRS 0.9%
cardiac endothelial cell CL0010008

CSI -8.9

rCSI -35.9%

PRS 1.3%
VIP GABAergic cortical interneuron CL4023016

CSI -8.8

rCSI -10.5%

PRS 0.7%
kidney collecting duct intercalated cell CL1001432

CSI -8.6

rCSI -61.7%

PRS 4.8%
cord blood hematopoietic stem cell CL2000095

CSI -8.4

rCSI -100.0%

PRS 8.4%
diffuse bipolar 3b cell CL4033030

CSI -8.2

rCSI -54.6%

PRS 2.8%
primordial germ cell CL0000670

CSI -8.2

rCSI -40.7%

PRS 7.8%
glutamatergic neuron CL0000679

CSI -8.0

rCSI -16.5%

PRS 1.3%
exhausted T cell CL0011025

CSI -7.5

rCSI -100.0%

PRS 6.1%
diffuse bipolar 6 cell CL4033032

CSI -7.3

rCSI -38.2%

PRS 3.5%
rod bipolar cell CL0000751

CSI -7.3

rCSI -13.0%

PRS 0.9%
diffuse bipolar 3a cell CL4033029

CSI -6.8

rCSI -46.5%

PRS 2.7%
Bergmann glial cell CL0000644

CSI -6.8

rCSI -9.3%

PRS 1.2%
renal interstitial pericyte CL1001318

CSI -6.4

rCSI -17.6%

PRS 1.1%
H2 horizontal cell CL0004218

CSI -6.2

rCSI -30.6%

PRS 2.2%
diffuse bipolar 2 cell CL4033028

CSI -5.9

rCSI -45.8%

PRS 3.1%
H1 horizontal cell CL0004217

CSI -4.4

rCSI -17.6%

PRS 3.1%
epicardial adipocyte CL1000309

CSI -3.1

rCSI -10.1%

PRS 2.0%
kidney granular cell CL0000648

CSI -3.0

rCSI -43.3%

PRS 15.4%
platelet CL0000233

CSI -2.8

rCSI -11.5%

PRS 3.2%
glycinergic amacrine cell CL4030028

CSI -2.4

rCSI -6.2%

PRS 1.7%
cerebellar granule cell CL0001031

CSI -1.7

rCSI -2.5%

PRS 1.1%
indirect pathway medium spiny neuron CL4023029

CSI -1.4

rCSI -33.2%

PRS 0.8%
macroglial cell CL0000126

CSI -0.8

rCSI -2.1%

PRS 1.9%
endocardial cell CL0002350

CSI -0.4

rCSI -1.9%

PRS 1.9%
L6b glutamatergic cortical neuron CL4023038

CSI 0.0

rCSI 0.0%

PRS 0.7%
kidney resident macrophage CL1000698

CSI 0.2

rCSI 3.7%

PRS 27.4%
renal intercalated cell CL0005010

CSI 0.3

rCSI 2.8%

PRS 9.5%
immature innate lymphoid cell CL0001082

CSI 0.8

rCSI 25.0%

PRS 19.7%
endothelial cell of vascular tree CL0002139

CSI 0.9

rCSI 4.7%

PRS 2.9%
hepatic stellate cell CL0000632

CSI 1.1

rCSI 4.1%

PRS 0.9%
choroid plexus epithelial cell CL0000706

CSI 1.1

rCSI 1.9%

PRS 0.8%
tracheobronchial goblet cell CL0019003

CSI 1.3

rCSI 21.2%

PRS 26.7%
fast muscle cell CL0000190

CSI 1.4

rCSI 5.3%

PRS 6.6%
caudal ganglionic eminence derived cortical interneuron CL4023064

CSI 1.4

rCSI 2.4%

PRS 0.6%
Schwann cell CL0002573

CSI 1.4

rCSI 4.0%

PRS 1.4%
kidney loop of Henle epithelial cell CL1000909

CSI 1.5

rCSI 31.0%

PRS 10.2%
forebrain neuroblast CL1000042

CSI 1.9

rCSI 20.8%

PRS 16.6%
group 3 innate lymphoid cell, human CL0001078

CSI 2.0

rCSI 41.6%

PRS 20.2%
sst GABAergic cortical interneuron CL4023017

CSI 2.2

rCSI 2.9%

PRS 0.7%
slow muscle cell CL0000189

CSI 2.3

rCSI 30.7%

PRS 15.2%
midzonal region hepatocyte CL0019028

CSI 2.4

rCSI 5.7%

PRS 1.9%
hepatic pit cell CL2000054

CSI 2.6

rCSI 36.1%

PRS 14.0%
retinal ganglion cell CL0000740

CSI 2.6

rCSI 5.8%

PRS 0.8%
odontoblast CL0000060

CSI 2.7

rCSI 61.0%

PRS 6.3%
NKp44-negative group 3 innate lymphoid cell, human CL0001080

CSI 2.8

rCSI 85.9%

PRS 15.1%
B-1 B cell CL0000819

CSI 2.9

rCSI 73.6%

PRS 6.4%
uterine smooth muscle cell CL0002601

CSI 2.9

rCSI 19.0%

PRS 8.2%
eye photoreceptor cell CL0000287

CSI 3.0

rCSI 34.2%

PRS 4.7%
cone retinal bipolar cell CL0000752

CSI 3.1

rCSI 40.3%

PRS 7.5%
pluripotent stem cell CL0002248

CSI 3.2

rCSI 94.6%

PRS 2.6%
retinal pigment epithelial cell CL0002586

CSI 3.4

rCSI 6.7%

PRS 1.2%
lung microvascular endothelial cell CL2000016

CSI 3.4

rCSI 66.0%

PRS 3.8%
Merkel cell CL0000242

CSI 3.5

rCSI 81.4%

PRS 7.4%
mesenchymal lymphangioblast CL0005021

CSI 3.5

rCSI 92.4%

PRS 6.0%
osteoblast CL0000062

CSI 3.6

rCSI 88.7%

PRS 10.2%
epithelial cell of urethra CL1000296

CSI 3.7

rCSI 93.4%

PRS 3.7%
kidney loop of Henle thick ascending limb epithelial cell CL1001106

CSI 3.7

rCSI 32.1%

PRS 2.9%
kidney connecting tubule principal cell CL4030018

CSI 3.8

rCSI 27.7%

PRS 16.9%
endothelial cell of uterus CL0009095

CSI 3.9

rCSI 28.2%

PRS 2.9%
prostate gland microvascular endothelial cell CL2000059

CSI 3.9

rCSI 93.8%

PRS 3.8%
kidney distal convoluted tubule epithelial cell CL1000849

CSI 4.0

rCSI 41.8%

PRS 1.8%
double negative T regulatory cell CL0011024

CSI 4.2

rCSI 80.5%

PRS 9.9%
periportal region hepatocyte CL0019026

CSI 4.4

rCSI 17.1%

PRS 1.8%
B-2 B cell CL0000822

CSI 4.5

rCSI 95.8%

PRS 6.8%
kidney interstitial cell CL1000500

CSI 4.6

rCSI 74.5%

PRS 12.3%
enteric neuron CL0007011

CSI 4.9

rCSI 72.8%

PRS 3.0%
enterocyte of epithelium of small intestine CL1000334

CSI 5.2

rCSI 80.1%

PRS 2.7%
follicular dendritic cell CL0000442

CSI 5.3

rCSI 85.1%

PRS 6.3%
hair follicular keratinocyte CL2000092

CSI 5.4

rCSI 93.7%

PRS 3.9%
mesangial cell CL0000650

CSI 5.4

rCSI 22.0%

PRS 2.1%
bronchiolar smooth muscle cell CL4033017

CSI 5.4

rCSI 81.0%

PRS 3.5%
cerebral cortex pyramidal neuron CL4023111

CSI 5.5

rCSI 33.9%

PRS 4.4%
neural progenitor cell CL0011020

CSI 5.5

rCSI 24.4%

PRS 1.1%
endothelial cell of periportal hepatic sinusoid CL0019021

CSI 5.7

rCSI 26.0%

PRS 4.3%
immature alpha-beta T cell CL0000790

CSI 5.7

rCSI 81.8%

PRS 17.0%
parietal epithelial cell CL1000452

CSI 5.8

rCSI 15.5%

PRS 1.1%
pre-conventional dendritic cell CL0002010

CSI 5.8

rCSI 77.0%

PRS 3.5%
stratified epithelial cell CL0000079

CSI 5.8

rCSI 36.1%

PRS 4.9%
cardiac muscle cell CL0000746

CSI 6.0

rCSI 8.6%

PRS 0.9%
endothelial cell of arteriole CL1000412

CSI 6.1

rCSI 33.7%

PRS 5.8%
enterocyte of epithelium of large intestine CL0002071

CSI 6.2

rCSI 32.4%

PRS 2.2%
NKp44-positive group 3 innate lymphoid cell, human CL0001079

CSI 6.2

rCSI 87.7%

PRS 33.3%

Cell ID: Standard Cell Ontology term used for mapping and comparing cells across experiments. Ensures consistency in analyzing cellular functions across tissues.
Fold Change: Represents the ratio of the current Cell Significance Index to the Cell Significance Index Threshold, indicating how much the gene expression has changed compared to a baseline.
Cell Significance Index: Reflects how strongly a gene is expressed in this specific cell.

Network Configuration

Explore relationships of the current gene. Select an Interaction Source: 'ONTOLOGY' for shared pathways (GO/Reactome) or 'STRING' for protein-protein interactions. Further refine by selecting context genes and comparing Cell Significance Index (CSI) scores between baseline and target cell types and their specific contexts.

Context Genes (max 20):

Interaction Source:

Pathway Categories (for ONTOLOGY source):

Baseline Cell Type:

Baseline Cell Context(s): Comma-separated if multiple.

Target Cell Type:

Target Cell Context(s): Comma-separated if multiple.

Legend:

Query Gene
Node Color (Target Cell CSI, relative to current network):
- Very High
- High
- Medium
- Low
- Very Low
- CSI N/A
Node Size: Proportional to Target Cell CSI magnitude
STRING PPI Edge
Shared Pathway Edge (ONTOLOGY)

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Other Information

This section provides additional information about the gene, including a description generated by an AI language model and details about associated proteins.

Description
Proteins

## Summary [RPL12](/details-gene/6136) (Ribosomal Protein L12) is a protein-coding gene located on chromosome 9q33.3. As its name suggests, it is an integral structural component of the large 60S ribosomal subunit ([GO:0003735](https://www.ebi.ac.uk/QuickGO/term/GO:0003735)). Its primary function is to participate in the process of [cytoplasmic translation](/details-gene/GO:0002181), binding to both rRNA ([GO:0070180](https://www.ebi.ac.uk/QuickGO/term/GO:0070180)) and other proteins ([GO:0005515](https://www.ebi.ac.uk/QuickGO/term/GO:0005515)) to facilitate protein synthesis. **Overall**, expression data reveals that [RPL12](/details-gene/6136) has high significance in cells with high metabolic and proliferative demands, particularly within the hematopoietic system, including [hematopoietic stem cell](/details-cell/CL0000037) and various subsets of activated and memory T lymphocytes, such as [central memory CD4-positive, alpha-beta T cell](/details-cell/CL0000904). Its fundamental role in protein synthesis makes it a critical housekeeping gene, essential for cellular growth, maintenance, and function. ## Cellular Roles and Expression Landscape The expression profile of [RPL12](/details-gene/6136) underscores its fundamental role in cellular metabolism and proliferation. The gene shows the highest significance in a variety of immune cells, suggesting it is a crucial workhorse for the hematopoietic system. Top cell types include [central memory CD4-positive, alpha-beta T cell](/details-cell/CL0000904), [hematopoietic stem cell](/details-cell/CL0000037), [central memory CD8-positive, alpha-beta T cell](/details-cell/CL0000907), and [naive T cell](/details-cell/CL0000898). This pattern is consistent with the high translational demands required for immune surveillance, lymphocyte activation, differentiation, and the self-renewal capacity of stem cells. High significance is also noted in other metabolically active cell types, such as [melanocyte](/details-cell/CL0000148) and [epithelial cell of lower respiratory tract](/details-cell/CL0002632), which are involved in pigment production and maintaining mucosal barriers, respectively. Conversely, [RPL12](/details-gene/6136) shows markedly low significance in cell types that are terminally differentiated, quiescent, or have lower metabolic activity. The list of anti-markers is dominated by cells of the nervous system, including [ependymal cell](/details-cell/CL0000065), [mature astrocyte](/details-cell/CL0002627), and various interneurons. Additionally, its low significance in [adipocyte](/details-cell/CL0000136) and [cell of skeletal muscle](/details-cell/CL0000188) further suggests that its expression is tightly correlated with proliferative potential and active protein export rather than the maintenance of large, post-mitotic cells. This expression landscape defines [RPL12](/details-gene/6136) as a key indicator of cellular biosynthetic activity. ## Pathways and Molecular Function Functionally, [RPL12](/details-gene/6136) is deeply embedded in the core machinery of protein synthesis. Its annotation as a [structural constituent of ribosome](/details-gene/GO:0003735) is central to its role in multiple Reactome pathways governing [Translation](/details-gene/R-HSA-72766), including [Eukaryotic translation initiation](/details-gene/R-HSA-72613), [Peptide chain elongation](/details-gene/R-HSA-156902), and [Eukaryotic translation termination](/details-gene/R-HSA-72764). This involvement is consistent with its high expression in rapidly dividing or protein-secreting cells identified in the expression landscape. Beyond its core translational role, [RPL12](/details-gene/6136) is implicated in broader biological processes that rely on controlled protein synthesis. Its participation in pathways such as [Developmental biology](/details-gene/R-HSA-1266738), [Nervous system development](/details-gene/R-HSA-9675108), and [Cellular responses to stress](/details-gene/R-HSA-2262752) highlights that the regulation of ribosome biogenesis and function is a critical node for managing cell growth, differentiation, and adaptation to environmental stimuli. Furthermore, its inclusion in pathways like [Influenza infection](/details-gene/R-HSA-168255) indicates that the host translational machinery, of which [RPL12](/details-gene/6136) is a key component, is often co-opted during viral replication, making it relevant to the study of [Infectious disease](/details-gene/R-HSA-5663205). ## Research Directions The ubiquitous and essential nature of [RPL12](/details-gene/6136) makes it a difficult direct target, but its differential importance across cell states presents opportunities for further research into the regulation of translation in health and disease. **Proposed Hypotheses:** 1. Given its high significance in memory T cells and hematopoietic stem cells, the expression and post-translational modification of [RPL12](/details-gene/6136) may be dynamically regulated during lymphocyte activation and stem cell differentiation. This regulation could contribute to the formation of "specialized ribosomes" that preferentially translate specific subsets of mRNAs required for distinct cell fates (e.g., effector vs. memory T cells). 2. As ribosome biogenesis is a hallmark of cancer, aberrant upregulation of [RPL12](/details-gene/6136) could be a key dependency in hematological malignancies. The elevated demand for protein synthesis in leukemia or lymphoma cells may render them particularly sensitive to perturbations in [RPL12](/details-gene/6136) levels compared to their healthy hematopoietic counterparts. **Experimental Approach:** To test the hypothesis that [RPL12](/details-gene/6136) regulation influences T cell fate, one could utilize a CRISPR interference (CRISPRi) system to achieve partial, titratable knockdown of [RPL12](/details-gene/6136) in primary human naive [CD4-positive, alpha-beta T cell](/details-cell/CL0000895). Following activation, these cells could be cultured under Th1-polarizing conditions. The impact of reduced [RPL12](/details-gene/6136) levels would be assessed by measuring proliferation (e.g., via CellTrace Violet dilution), effector cytokine production (e.g., IFN-γ by intracellular staining or ELISA), and the expression of key lineage-defining transcription factors (e.g., T-bet). Ribosome profiling coupled with mass spectrometry could then be employed to determine if [RPL12](/details-gene/6136) knockdown alters the translational efficiency of specific mRNA transcripts critical for T cell effector function. **Therapeutic Potential:** As a core component of the ribosome, [RPL12](/details-gene/6136) is not an ideal direct therapeutic target due to the high risk of on-target toxicity in healthy, proliferating cells. However, its role in enabling hyperproliferation makes it conceptually relevant for indirect therapeutic strategies, particularly in oncology. The therapeutic approach would be **inhibition**. Instead of targeting the protein itself, strategies could focus on upstream regulators of [RPL12](/details-gene/6136) transcription or post-translational modifications that are specific to cancer cells. Such an approach could selectively dampen the translational capacity of malignant cells, providing a therapeutic window while sparing healthy tissues.

Disclaimer: This in-silico analysis is generated by an AI language model and may contain inaccuracies or hallucinations. However, it is cross-referenced with curated gene expression data from major biological sources. Please verify the information before use.

60S ribosomal protein L12

Genular Protein ID: 3963943269

Symbol: RL12_HUMAN

Name: 60S ribosomal protein L12

UniProtKB Accession Codes:

P30050 Q5VVV2 Q6PB27

Database IDs:

Citations:

PubMed ID: 8441690

Title: The primary structure of human ribosomal protein L12.

PubMed ID: 8441690

DOI: 10.1093/nar/21.3.749

PubMed ID: 15164053

Title: DNA sequence and analysis of human chromosome 9.

PubMed ID: 15164053

DOI: 10.1038/nature02465

PubMed ID: 15489334

Title: The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC).

PubMed ID: 15489334

DOI: 10.1101/gr.2596504

PubMed ID: 14654843

Title: Proteomic characterization of the human centrosome by protein correlation profiling.

PubMed ID: 14654843

DOI: 10.1038/nature02166

PubMed ID: 16964243

Title: A probability-based approach for high-throughput protein phosphorylation analysis and site localization.

PubMed ID: 16964243

DOI: 10.1038/nbt1240

PubMed ID: 18691976

Title: Kinase-selective enrichment enables quantitative phosphoproteomics of the kinome across the cell cycle.

PubMed ID: 18691976

DOI: 10.1016/j.molcel.2008.07.007

PubMed ID: 18669648

Title: A quantitative atlas of mitotic phosphorylation.

PubMed ID: 18669648

DOI: 10.1073/pnas.0805139105

PubMed ID: 19413330

Title: Lys-N and trypsin cover complementary parts of the phosphoproteome in a refined SCX-based approach.

PubMed ID: 19413330

DOI: 10.1021/ac9004309

PubMed ID: 19608861

Title: Lysine acetylation targets protein complexes and co-regulates major cellular functions.

PubMed ID: 19608861

DOI: 10.1126/science.1175371

PubMed ID: 20068231

Title: Quantitative phosphoproteomics reveals widespread full phosphorylation site occupancy during mitosis.

PubMed ID: 20068231

DOI: 10.1126/scisignal.2000475

PubMed ID: 21269460

Title: Initial characterization of the human central proteome.

PubMed ID: 21269460

DOI: 10.1186/1752-0509-5-17

PubMed ID: 21406692

Title: System-wide temporal characterization of the proteome and phosphoproteome of human embryonic stem cell differentiation.

PubMed ID: 21406692

DOI: 10.1126/scisignal.2001570

PubMed ID: 23186163

Title: Toward a comprehensive characterization of a human cancer cell phosphoproteome.

PubMed ID: 23186163

DOI: 10.1021/pr300630k

PubMed ID: 24524803

Title: A new system for naming ribosomal proteins.

PubMed ID: 24524803

DOI: 10.1016/j.sbi.2014.01.002

PubMed ID: 24275569

Title: An enzyme assisted RP-RPLC approach for in-depth analysis of human liver phosphoproteome.

PubMed ID: 24275569

DOI: 10.1016/j.jprot.2013.11.014

PubMed ID: 25944712

Title: N-terminome analysis of the human mitochondrial proteome.

PubMed ID: 25944712

DOI: 10.1002/pmic.201400617

PubMed ID: 28112733

Title: Site-specific mapping of the human SUMO proteome reveals co-modification with phosphorylation.

PubMed ID: 28112733

DOI: 10.1038/nsmb.3366

PubMed ID: 36638793

Title: An E3 ligase network engages GCN1 to promote the degradation of translation factors on stalled ribosomes.

PubMed ID: 36638793

DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2022.12.025

PubMed ID: 23636399

Title: Structures of the human and Drosophila 80S ribosome.

PubMed ID: 23636399

DOI: 10.1038/nature12104

PubMed ID: 25901680

Title: Structure of the human 80S ribosome.

PubMed ID: 25901680

DOI: 10.1038/nature14427

Sequence Information:

Length: 165
Mass: 17819
Checksum: 7EFD783A8ED350F9
Sequence:

MPPKFDPNEI KVVYLRCTGG EVGATSALAP KIGPLGLSPK KVGDDIAKAT GDWKGLRITV 
KLTIQNRQAQ IEVVPSASAL IIKALKEPPR DRKKQKNIKH SGNITFDEIV NIARQMRHRS 
LARELSGTIK EILGTAQSVG CNVDGRHPHD IIDDINSGAV ECPAS

	Overall overall
	Acute kidney failure MONDO0002492
	Alzheimer disease MONDO0004975
	Ascending colon UBERON0001156
	\|— Ascending colon Healthy UBERON0001156_PATO0000461
	Atherosclerosis MONDO0005311
	Basal cell carcinoma MONDO0020804
	Bipolar I disorder MONDO0001866
	Blood UBERON0000178
	\|— Blood COVID-19 UBERON0000178_MONDO0100096
	\|— Blood Cytomegalovirus infection UBERON0000178_MONDO0005132
	\|— Blood Healthy UBERON0000178_PATO0000461
	Body of stomach UBERON0001161
	Bone marrow UBERON0002371
	\|— Bone marrow Healthy UBERON0002371_PATO0000461
	Brain UBERON0000955
	\|— Brain Healthy UBERON0000955_PATO0000461
	Breast UBERON0000310
	\|— Breast Breast cancer UBERON0000310_MONDO0007254
	\|— Breast Healthy UBERON0000310_PATO0000461
	\|— Breast cancer MONDO0007254
	Bronchus UBERON0002185
	Caecum UBERON0001153
	\|— Caecum Healthy UBERON0001153_PATO0000461
	Caudate lobe of liver UBERON0001117
	Cerebellum UBERON0002037
	\|— Cerebellum Healthy UBERON0002037_PATO0000461
	Cerebral cortex UBERON0000956
	\|— Cerebral cortex Healthy UBERON0000956_PATO0000461
	Cerebrospinal fluid UBERON0001359
	Choroid plexus UBERON0001886
	Chronic kidney disease MONDO0005300
	Colon UBERON0001155
	\|— Colon Healthy UBERON0001155_PATO0000461
	\|— Colonic epithelium UBERON0000397
	\|— Colonic epithelium Healthy UBERON0000397_PATO0000461
	Colorectal cancer MONDO0005575
	Colorectum UBERON0012652
	Cornea UBERON0000964
	\|— Cornea Healthy UBERON0000964_PATO0000461
	Cortex of kidney UBERON0001225
	\|— Cortex of kidney Healthy UBERON0001225_PATO0000461
	COVID-19 MONDO0100096
	Crohn disease MONDO0005011
	Cytomegalovirus infection MONDO0005132
	Dementia MONDO0001627
	Dental pulp UBERON0001754
	Dorsolateral prefrontal cortex UBERON0009834
	\|— Dorsolateral prefrontal cortex Bipolar I disorder UBERON0009834_MONDO0001866
	\|— Dorsolateral prefrontal cortex Dementia UBERON0009834_MONDO0001627
	\|— Dorsolateral prefrontal cortex Healthy UBERON0009834_PATO0000461
	\|— Dorsolateral prefrontal cortex Schizophrenia UBERON0009834_MONDO0005090
	Duodenum UBERON0002114
	\|— Duodenum Healthy UBERON0002114_PATO0000461
	Fallopian tube UBERON0003889
	Fovea centralis UBERON0001786
	\|— Fovea centralis Healthy UBERON0001786_PATO0000461
	Glioblastoma MONDO0018177
	Healthy PATO0000461
	Heart left ventricle UBERON0002084
	\|— Heart left ventricle Healthy UBERON0002084_PATO0000461
	Heart right ventricle UBERON0002080
	Hippocampal formation UBERON0002421
	\|— Hippocampal formation Healthy UBERON0002421_PATO0000461
	Hypothalamus UBERON0001898
	\|— Hypothalamus Healthy UBERON0001898_PATO0000461
	Ileal epithelium UBERON0008345
	Ileum UBERON0002116
	\|— Ileum Healthy UBERON0002116_PATO0000461
	\|— Ileum lamina propria UBERON8600035
	Interventricular septum UBERON0002094
	Islet of Langerhans UBERON0000006
	Isolated focal cortical dysplasia type II MONDO0011818
	Kidney UBERON0002113
	\|— Kidney Healthy UBERON0002113_PATO0000461
	Lamina propria of small intestine UBERON0001238
	Leukoencephalopathy, diffuse hereditary, with spheroids 1 MONDO0800027
	Liver UBERON0002107
	\|— Liver Breast cancer UBERON0002107_MONDO0007254
	\|— Liver Healthy UBERON0002107_PATO0000461
	Lung UBERON0002048
	\|— Lung Healthy UBERON0002048_PATO0000461
	\|— Lung Renal cell carcinoma UBERON0002048_MONDO0005086
	\|— Lung adenocarcinoma MONDO0005061
	\|— Lung parenchyma UBERON0008946
	Lymph node UBERON0000029
	\|— Lymph node Healthy UBERON0000029_PATO0000461
	\|— Lymph node Metastatic melanoma UBERON0000029_MONDO0005191
	Malignant ovarian serous tumor MONDO0024885
	Medial orbital frontal cortex UBERON0022352
	Mesenteric lymph node UBERON0002509
	\|— Mesenteric lymph node Healthy UBERON0002509_PATO0000461
	Metastatic melanoma MONDO0005191
	Midbrain UBERON0001891
	\|— Midbrain Healthy UBERON0001891_PATO0000461
	Middle lobe of right lung UBERON0002174
	Nasopharynx UBERON0001728
	Neuroblastoma MONDO0005072
	Nonpapillary renal cell carcinoma MONDO0007763
	Ovary UBERON0000992
	\|— Ovary Healthy UBERON0000992_PATO0000461
	Parkinson disease MONDO0005180
	Peripheral region of retina UBERON0013682
	\|— Peripheral region of retina Healthy UBERON0013682_PATO0000461
	Placenta UBERON0001987
	\|— Placenta Healthy UBERON0001987_PATO0000461
	Pleural effusion UBERON0000175
	Pons UBERON0000988
	\|— Pons Healthy UBERON0000988_PATO0000461
	Prefrontal cortex UBERON0000451
	Primary motor cortex UBERON0001384
	Prostate gland UBERON0002367
	Rectum UBERON0001052
	Renal cell carcinoma MONDO0005086
	Renal medulla UBERON0000362
	\|— Renal medulla Healthy UBERON0000362_PATO0000461
	Respiratory airway UBERON0001005
	\|— Respiratory airway COVID-19 UBERON0001005_MONDO0100096
	Retina UBERON0000966
	\|— Retina Healthy UBERON0000966_PATO0000461
	Right atrium auricular region UBERON0006631
	Schizophrenia MONDO0005090
	Sigmoid colon UBERON0001159
	\|— Sigmoid colon Healthy UBERON0001159_PATO0000461
	Skin of body UBERON0002097
	\|— Skin of body Healthy UBERON0002097_PATO0000461
	Small intestine UBERON0002108
	\|— Small intestine Healthy UBERON0002108_PATO0000461
	Spleen UBERON0002106
	\|— Spleen Healthy UBERON0002106_PATO0000461
	Stomach UBERON0000945
	\|— Stomach Healthy UBERON0000945_PATO0000461
	Telencephalon UBERON0001893
	\|— Telencephalon Healthy UBERON0001893_PATO0000461
	Thalamic complex UBERON0010225
	\|— Thalamic complex Healthy UBERON0010225_PATO0000461
	Thymus UBERON0002370
	\|— Thymus Healthy UBERON0002370_PATO0000461
	Trachea UBERON0003126
	Transverse colon UBERON0001157
	\|— Transverse colon Healthy UBERON0001157_PATO0000461
	UBERON0005290 UBERON0005290
	\|— UBERON0005290 Healthy UBERON0005290_PATO0000461
	UBERON8440012 UBERON8440012
	\|— UBERON8440012 Healthy UBERON8440012_PATO0000461
	Upper lobe of left lung UBERON0008952

Details for: RPL12

Cell Significance Landscape

Associated with

Significant Cells

Network Configuration

Legend:

Other Information

The primary structure of human ribosomal protein L12. PubMed ID: 8441690

DNA sequence and analysis of human chromosome 9. PubMed ID: 15164053

The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC). PubMed ID: 15489334

Proteomic characterization of the human centrosome by protein correlation profiling. PubMed ID: 14654843

A probability-based approach for high-throughput protein phosphorylation analysis and site localization. PubMed ID: 16964243

Kinase-selective enrichment enables quantitative phosphoproteomics of the kinome across the cell cycle. PubMed ID: 18691976

A quantitative atlas of mitotic phosphorylation. PubMed ID: 18669648

Lys-N and trypsin cover complementary parts of the phosphoproteome in a refined SCX-based approach. PubMed ID: 19413330

Lysine acetylation targets protein complexes and co-regulates major cellular functions. PubMed ID: 19608861

Quantitative phosphoproteomics reveals widespread full phosphorylation site occupancy during mitosis. PubMed ID: 20068231

Initial characterization of the human central proteome. PubMed ID: 21269460

System-wide temporal characterization of the proteome and phosphoproteome of human embryonic stem cell differentiation. PubMed ID: 21406692

Toward a comprehensive characterization of a human cancer cell phosphoproteome. PubMed ID: 23186163

A new system for naming ribosomal proteins. PubMed ID: 24524803

An enzyme assisted RP-RPLC approach for in-depth analysis of human liver phosphoproteome. PubMed ID: 24275569

N-terminome analysis of the human mitochondrial proteome. PubMed ID: 25944712

Site-specific mapping of the human SUMO proteome reveals co-modification with phosphorylation. PubMed ID: 28112733

An E3 ligase network engages GCN1 to promote the degradation of translation factors on stalled ribosomes. PubMed ID: 36638793

Structures of the human and Drosophila 80S ribosome. PubMed ID: 23636399

Structure of the human 80S ribosome. PubMed ID: 25901680