Details for: TARS1

Gene ID: 6897

Symbol: TARS1

Ensembl ID: ENSG00000113407

Description: threonyl-tRNA synthetase 1

Associated with

Cells (max top 100)

(Cell Significance Index and respective Thresholds are uniquely calculated using our advanced thresholding algorithms to reveal cell-specific gene markers)

  • Cell Name: polychromatophilic erythroblast (CL0000550)
    Fold Change: 186.4731
    Cell Significance Index: -29.0100
  • Cell Name: hematopoietic oligopotent progenitor cell (CL0002032)
    Fold Change: 120.2476
    Cell Significance Index: -30.5000
  • Cell Name: embryonic stem cell (CL0002322)
    Fold Change: 88.3365
    Cell Significance Index: -36.3900
  • Cell Name: smooth muscle fiber of ileum (CL1000278)
    Fold Change: 82.3303
    Cell Significance Index: -38.8700
  • Cell Name: mucosal type mast cell (CL0000485)
    Fold Change: 79.9494
    Cell Significance Index: -32.4800
  • Cell Name: ciliated cell of the bronchus (CL0002332)
    Fold Change: 34.3653
    Cell Significance Index: -32.8100
  • Cell Name: orthochromatic erythroblast (CL0000552)
    Fold Change: 28.2857
    Cell Significance Index: -34.8800
  • Cell Name: stromal cell of bone marrow (CL0010001)
    Fold Change: 9.2041
    Cell Significance Index: -36.3200
  • Cell Name: CD8-positive, alpha-beta regulatory T cell (CL0000795)
    Fold Change: 6.3911
    Cell Significance Index: -19.6300
  • Cell Name: epidermal Langerhans cell (CL0002457)
    Fold Change: 4.0620
    Cell Significance Index: -8.8900
  • Cell Name: conjunctival epithelial cell (CL1000432)
    Fold Change: 1.3963
    Cell Significance Index: 19.0500
  • Cell Name: basal cell of urothelium (CL1000486)
    Fold Change: 0.9616
    Cell Significance Index: 118.2400
  • Cell Name: enterocyte of epithelium of small intestine (CL1000334)
    Fold Change: 0.9602
    Cell Significance Index: 27.6700
  • Cell Name: neoplastic cell (CL0001063)
    Fold Change: 0.9350
    Cell Significance Index: 185.5500
  • Cell Name: fibroblast of mammary gland (CL0002555)
    Fold Change: 0.9232
    Cell Significance Index: 26.4700
  • Cell Name: tuft cell of colon (CL0009041)
    Fold Change: 0.9067
    Cell Significance Index: 818.7200
  • Cell Name: microfold cell of epithelium of small intestine (CL1000353)
    Fold Change: 0.7814
    Cell Significance Index: 54.0400
  • Cell Name: BEST4+ enteroycte (CL4030026)
    Fold Change: 0.7771
    Cell Significance Index: 11.7100
  • Cell Name: enterocyte of epithelium of large intestine (CL0002071)
    Fold Change: 0.7172
    Cell Significance Index: 32.5100
  • Cell Name: basal cell of prostate epithelium (CL0002341)
    Fold Change: 0.6988
    Cell Significance Index: 19.0200
  • Cell Name: cell in vitro (CL0001034)
    Fold Change: 0.6534
    Cell Significance Index: 356.8500
  • Cell Name: acinar cell of salivary gland (CL0002623)
    Fold Change: 0.6402
    Cell Significance Index: 29.8500
  • Cell Name: eye photoreceptor cell (CL0000287)
    Fold Change: 0.6239
    Cell Significance Index: 39.3200
  • Cell Name: luminal adaptive secretory precursor cell of mammary gland (CL4033057)
    Fold Change: 0.4934
    Cell Significance Index: 23.1900
  • Cell Name: stromal cell of ovary (CL0002132)
    Fold Change: 0.4901
    Cell Significance Index: 67.3000
  • Cell Name: placental villous trophoblast (CL2000060)
    Fold Change: 0.4816
    Cell Significance Index: 12.8600
  • Cell Name: intermediate cell of urothelium (CL4030055)
    Fold Change: 0.4469
    Cell Significance Index: 80.5700
  • Cell Name: L2/3-6 intratelencephalic projecting glutamatergic neuron (CL4023040)
    Fold Change: 0.4455
    Cell Significance Index: 89.3700
  • Cell Name: retinal progenitor cell (CL0002672)
    Fold Change: 0.4286
    Cell Significance Index: 24.0500
  • Cell Name: early pro-B cell (CL0002046)
    Fold Change: 0.4152
    Cell Significance Index: 26.7900
  • Cell Name: neutrophil progenitor cell (CL0000834)
    Fold Change: 0.3241
    Cell Significance Index: 8.6700
  • Cell Name: progenitor cell of mammary luminal epithelium (CL0009116)
    Fold Change: 0.3238
    Cell Significance Index: 24.1300
  • Cell Name: obsolete caudal ganglionic eminence derived GABAergic cortical interneuron (CL4023070)
    Fold Change: 0.3160
    Cell Significance Index: 113.3500
  • Cell Name: GABAergic interneuron (CL0011005)
    Fold Change: 0.3119
    Cell Significance Index: 215.7100
  • Cell Name: hair follicular keratinocyte (CL2000092)
    Fold Change: 0.3017
    Cell Significance Index: 133.3900
  • Cell Name: fibroblast of dermis (CL0002551)
    Fold Change: 0.2957
    Cell Significance Index: 6.1900
  • Cell Name: lactocyte (CL0002325)
    Fold Change: 0.2576
    Cell Significance Index: 33.2900
  • Cell Name: lung endothelial cell (CL1001567)
    Fold Change: 0.2402
    Cell Significance Index: 12.5100
  • Cell Name: epithelial cell of small intestine (CL0002254)
    Fold Change: 0.2398
    Cell Significance Index: 39.0000
  • Cell Name: sebum secreting cell (CL0000317)
    Fold Change: 0.2192
    Cell Significance Index: 15.5000
  • Cell Name: paneth cell of epithelium of small intestine (CL1000343)
    Fold Change: 0.2075
    Cell Significance Index: 4.5000
  • Cell Name: bladder urothelial cell (CL1001428)
    Fold Change: 0.1927
    Cell Significance Index: 10.0100
  • Cell Name: odontoblast (CL0000060)
    Fold Change: 0.1880
    Cell Significance Index: 24.1000
  • Cell Name: enteroendocrine cell of colon (CL0009042)
    Fold Change: 0.1166
    Cell Significance Index: 22.1900
  • Cell Name: cardiac muscle myoblast (CL0000513)
    Fold Change: 0.1075
    Cell Significance Index: 8.2500
  • Cell Name: glycinergic neuron (CL1001509)
    Fold Change: 0.0954
    Cell Significance Index: 5.0100
  • Cell Name: fibro/adipogenic progenitor cell (CL0009099)
    Fold Change: 0.0611
    Cell Significance Index: 3.0900
  • Cell Name: basal epithelial cell of tracheobronchial tree (CL0002329)
    Fold Change: 0.0526
    Cell Significance Index: 1.4700
  • Cell Name: granulosa cell (CL0000501)
    Fold Change: 0.0502
    Cell Significance Index: 1.3200
  • Cell Name: intestinal crypt stem cell of small intestine (CL0009017)
    Fold Change: 0.0488
    Cell Significance Index: 1.0400
  • Cell Name: tonsil germinal center B cell (CL2000006)
    Fold Change: 0.0265
    Cell Significance Index: 3.1200
  • Cell Name: pancreatic acinar cell (CL0002064)
    Fold Change: 0.0190
    Cell Significance Index: 3.2500
  • Cell Name: pigmented epithelial cell (CL0000529)
    Fold Change: 0.0147
    Cell Significance Index: 27.6500
  • Cell Name: anterior lens cell (CL0002223)
    Fold Change: 0.0142
    Cell Significance Index: 26.1400
  • Cell Name: secondary lens fiber (CL0002225)
    Fold Change: 0.0031
    Cell Significance Index: 4.1500
  • Cell Name: lens epithelial cell (CL0002224)
    Fold Change: 0.0002
    Cell Significance Index: 0.3400
  • Cell Name: pulmonary alveolar epithelial cell (CL0000322)
    Fold Change: 0.0000
    Cell Significance Index: 0.0300
  • Cell Name: small intestine goblet cell (CL1000495)
    Fold Change: -0.0110
    Cell Significance Index: -0.3900
  • Cell Name: kidney loop of Henle cortical thick ascending limb epithelial cell (CL1001109)
    Fold Change: -0.0121
    Cell Significance Index: -8.8800
  • Cell Name: non-pigmented ciliary epithelial cell (CL0002304)
    Fold Change: -0.0260
    Cell Significance Index: -16.5400
  • Cell Name: ciliary muscle cell (CL1000443)
    Fold Change: -0.0348
    Cell Significance Index: -15.7800
  • Cell Name: pancreatic A cell (CL0000171)
    Fold Change: -0.0422
    Cell Significance Index: -31.2300
  • Cell Name: mesonephric nephron tubule epithelial cell (CL1000022)
    Fold Change: -0.0458
    Cell Significance Index: -1.5900
  • Cell Name: abnormal cell (CL0001061)
    Fold Change: -0.0528
    Cell Significance Index: -5.3900
  • Cell Name: type B pancreatic cell (CL0000169)
    Fold Change: -0.0585
    Cell Significance Index: -33.0100
  • Cell Name: pancreatic PP cell (CL0002275)
    Fold Change: -0.0652
    Cell Significance Index: -40.7000
  • Cell Name: pigmented ciliary epithelial cell (CL0002303)
    Fold Change: -0.0864
    Cell Significance Index: -12.5600
  • Cell Name: colon goblet cell (CL0009039)
    Fold Change: -0.0941
    Cell Significance Index: -9.3100
  • Cell Name: dopaminergic neuron (CL0000700)
    Fold Change: -0.1107
    Cell Significance Index: -31.8400
  • Cell Name: centrilobular region hepatocyte (CL0019029)
    Fold Change: -0.1137
    Cell Significance Index: -1.9200
  • Cell Name: pancreatic ductal cell (CL0002079)
    Fold Change: -0.1244
    Cell Significance Index: -14.2500
  • Cell Name: skeletal muscle myoblast (CL0000515)
    Fold Change: -0.1371
    Cell Significance Index: -1.4900
  • Cell Name: mesenchymal cell (CL0008019)
    Fold Change: -0.1425
    Cell Significance Index: -2.3900
  • Cell Name: pro-T cell (CL0000827)
    Fold Change: -0.1765
    Cell Significance Index: -4.5100
  • Cell Name: transit amplifying cell of colon (CL0009011)
    Fold Change: -0.1767
    Cell Significance Index: -5.6600
  • Cell Name: pancreatic D cell (CL0000173)
    Fold Change: -0.1896
    Cell Significance Index: -39.9400
  • Cell Name: endothelial cell of placenta (CL0009092)
    Fold Change: -0.1937
    Cell Significance Index: -1.1700
  • Cell Name: paneth cell of colon (CL0009009)
    Fold Change: -0.2156
    Cell Significance Index: -3.2300
  • Cell Name: intestinal crypt stem cell of colon (CL0009043)
    Fold Change: -0.2383
    Cell Significance Index: -25.9300
  • Cell Name: CD4-positive, alpha-beta memory T cell, CD45RO-positive (CL0001204)
    Fold Change: -0.2533
    Cell Significance Index: -7.4400
  • Cell Name: skeletal muscle fiber (CL0008002)
    Fold Change: -0.2626
    Cell Significance Index: -6.7500
  • Cell Name: intestinal epithelial cell (CL0002563)
    Fold Change: -0.2956
    Cell Significance Index: -3.0600
  • Cell Name: endothelial cell of venule (CL1000414)
    Fold Change: -0.3090
    Cell Significance Index: -3.5100
  • Cell Name: smooth muscle cell of sphincter of pupil (CL0002243)
    Fold Change: -0.3155
    Cell Significance Index: -32.8500
  • Cell Name: peg cell (CL4033014)
    Fold Change: -0.3190
    Cell Significance Index: -7.3700
  • Cell Name: preadipocyte (CL0002334)
    Fold Change: -0.3300
    Cell Significance Index: -6.4400
  • Cell Name: hippocampal granule cell (CL0001033)
    Fold Change: -0.3383
    Cell Significance Index: -22.7500
  • Cell Name: umbrella cell of urothelium (CL4030056)
    Fold Change: -0.3627
    Cell Significance Index: -3.3400
  • Cell Name: kidney loop of Henle descending limb epithelial cell (CL1001021)
    Fold Change: -0.3693
    Cell Significance Index: -29.2500
  • Cell Name: enteroendocrine cell of small intestine (CL0009006)
    Fold Change: -0.3760
    Cell Significance Index: -9.4000
  • Cell Name: neuron associated cell (CL0000095)
    Fold Change: -0.3821
    Cell Significance Index: -15.6600
  • Cell Name: lens fiber cell (CL0011004)
    Fold Change: -0.4237
    Cell Significance Index: -13.4000
  • Cell Name: extravillous trophoblast (CL0008036)
    Fold Change: -0.4265
    Cell Significance Index: -2.6500
  • Cell Name: Hofbauer cell (CL3000001)
    Fold Change: -0.4611
    Cell Significance Index: -3.7600
  • Cell Name: intestinal tuft cell (CL0019032)
    Fold Change: -0.5407
    Cell Significance Index: -33.1500
  • Cell Name: indirect pathway medium spiny neuron (CL4023029)
    Fold Change: -0.5446
    Cell Significance Index: -24.0900
  • Cell Name: periportal region hepatocyte (CL0019026)
    Fold Change: -0.5745
    Cell Significance Index: -8.4800
  • Cell Name: cone retinal bipolar cell (CL0000752)
    Fold Change: -0.5851
    Cell Significance Index: -4.5100
  • Cell Name: cerebellar granule cell (CL0001031)
    Fold Change: -0.5917
    Cell Significance Index: -10.1400
  • Cell Name: direct pathway medium spiny neuron (CL4023026)
    Fold Change: -0.6061
    Cell Significance Index: -22.9500

Cell ID: Standard Cell Ontology term used for mapping and comparing cells across experiments. Ensures consistency in analyzing cellular functions across tissues.
Fold Change: Represents the ratio of the current Cell Significance Index to the Cell Significance Index Threshold, indicating how much the gene expression has changed compared to a baseline.
Cell Significance Index: Reflects how strongly a gene is expressed in this specific cell.

Cell ID: Standard Cell Ontology term used for mapping and comparing cells across experiments. Ensures consistency in analyzing cellular functions across tissues.
Fold Change: Represents the ratio of the current Cell Significance Index to the Cell Significance Index Threshold, indicating how much the gene expression has changed compared to a baseline.
Cell Significance Index: Reflects how strongly a gene is expressed in this cell type. Calculated using techniques like effect size estimation and bootstrapping for reliability.

Cell ID: Standard Cell Ontology term used for mapping and comparing cells across experiments. Ensures consistency in analyzing cellular functions across tissues.
Fold Change: Represents the ratio of the current Cell Significance Index to the Cell Significance Index Threshold, indicating how much the gene expression has changed compared to a baseline.
Cell Significance Index: Reflects how strongly a gene is expressed in this cell type. Calculated using techniques like effect size estimation and bootstrapping for reliability.

Other Information

**Key Characteristics:** TARS1 is a threonyl-tRNA synthetase enzyme that catalyzes the aminoacylation of threonyl-tRNA. This enzyme is essential for protein synthesis, as it ensures the correct incorporation of threonine into proteins. TARS1 exhibits high specificity for threonine, with a low affinity for other amino acids. The enzyme is composed of two subunits, which interact to facilitate the attachment of threonine to its corresponding tRNA. **Pathways and Functions:** TARS1 is integral to the translation machinery, where it plays a critical role in the incorporation of threonine into proteins. The enzyme is involved in the following pathways: 1. **Aminoacylation of tRNA**: TARS1 catalyzes the attachment of threonine to its corresponding threonyl-tRNA, allowing for the incorporation of this amino acid into proteins. 2. **Protein synthesis**: TARS1 is essential for protein synthesis, as it ensures the correct incorporation of threonine into proteins. 3. **Cellular signaling**: TARS1 has been implicated in cellular signaling pathways, including the regulation of cell growth, differentiation, and apoptosis. **Clinical Significance:** TARS1 has been identified as a differentially expressed gene in various disease states, including cancer. Malignant cells exhibit increased expression of TARS1, which may contribute to the development and progression of cancer. Additionally, TARS1 has been implicated in the pathogenesis of other diseases, including: 1. **Cancer**: TARS1 expression is elevated in various types of cancer, including breast, lung, and colon cancer. 2. **Autoimmune disorders**: TARS1 has been linked to autoimmune disorders, such as rheumatoid arthritis and multiple sclerosis. 3. **Infectious diseases**: TARS1 has been implicated in the pathogenesis of infectious diseases, including HIV and tuberculosis. In conclusion, TARS1 is an enzyme that plays a critical role in protein synthesis and cellular signaling. Its differential expression in various disease states highlights its potential involvement in disease pathology. Further research is needed to fully elucidate the role of TARS1 in immunological contexts and its potential as a therapeutic target. **Recommendations:** 1. **Immunological studies**: Further studies are needed to investigate the role of TARS1 in immunological contexts, including its involvement in autoimmune disorders and infectious diseases. 2. **Therapeutic targeting**: TARS1 may be a potential therapeutic target for the treatment of cancer and other diseases. 3. **Protein synthesis regulation**: Understanding the regulation of TARS1 expression may provide insights into the development of novel therapeutic strategies for protein synthesis-related diseases. By exploring the complex role of TARS1 in protein synthesis and cellular signaling, we can gain a deeper understanding of its involvement in immunological contexts and its potential as a therapeutic target.

Genular Protein ID: 3290919043

Symbol: SYTC_HUMAN

Name: Threonyl-tRNA synthetase

UniProtKB Accession Codes:

P26639 A8K8I1 B4DEG8 Q96FP5 Q9BWA6

Database IDs:

ABCD 1 AGR 1 AlphaFoldDB 1 Antibodypedia 1 BRENDA 1 Bgee 1 BindingDB 1 BioGRID 1 BioGRID-ORCS 1 BioMuta 1 CCDS 2 CDD 3 CPTAC 4 CTD 1 ChEBI 7 ChEMBL 1 ChiTaRS 1 DMDM 1 DNASU 1 DisGeNET 1 DrugBank 1 EC 1 EMBL 8 Ensembl 3 EvolutionaryTrace 1 ExpressionAtlas 1 GO 8 Gene3D 2 GeneCards 1 GeneTree 1 GeneWiki 1 GenomeRNAi 1 GlyGen 1 HAMAP 1 HGNC 1 HOGENOM 1 HPA 1 InParanoid 1 IntAct 1 InterPro 13 KEGG 1 MANE-Select 1 MIM 3 MINT 1 MalaCards 1 MassIVE 1 MetOSite 1 MoonProt 1 NCBI Taxonomy 1 NCBIfam 1 OMA 1 OpenTargets 1 Orphanet 1 OrthoDB 1 PANTHER 2 PDB 5 PDBsum 5 PIR 1 PRINTS 1 PRO 1 PROSITE 2 PathwayCommons 1 PaxDb 1 PeptideAtlas 1 Pfam 4 PharmGKB 1 Pharos 1 PhosphoSitePlus 1 PhylomeDB 1 Proteomes 1 ProteomicsDB 2 Pumba 1 RNAct 1 Reactome 1 RefSeq 3 Rhea 3 SIGNOR 1 SMART 1 SMR 1 STRING 1 SUPFAM 4 SignaLink 1 SwissPalm 1 TreeFam 1 UCSC 1 VEuPathDB 1 eggNOG 1 iPTMnet 1 jPOST 1 neXtProt 1

Citations:

PubMed ID: 2033077

Title: Nucleotide and deduced amino acid sequence of human threonyl-tRNA synthetase reveals extensive homology to the Escherichia coli and yeast enzymes.

PubMed ID: 2033077

DOI: 10.1016/s0021-9258(18)92906-6

PubMed ID: 14702039

Title: Complete sequencing and characterization of 21,243 full-length human cDNAs.

PubMed ID: 14702039

DOI: 10.1038/ng1285

PubMed ID: 15372022

Title: The DNA sequence and comparative analysis of human chromosome 5.

PubMed ID: 15372022

DOI: 10.1038/nature02919

PubMed ID: 15489334

Title: The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC).

PubMed ID: 15489334

DOI: 10.1101/gr.2596504

PubMed ID: 16139798

Title: Proteomic identification of proteins conjugated to ISG15 in mouse and human cells.

PubMed ID: 16139798

DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2005.08.132

PubMed ID: 19608861

Title: Lysine acetylation targets protein complexes and co-regulates major cellular functions.

PubMed ID: 19608861

DOI: 10.1126/science.1175371

PubMed ID: 21269460

Title: Initial characterization of the human central proteome.

PubMed ID: 21269460

DOI: 10.1186/1752-0509-5-17

PubMed ID: 23186163

Title: Toward a comprehensive characterization of a human cancer cell phosphoproteome.

PubMed ID: 23186163

DOI: 10.1021/pr300630k

PubMed ID: 25824639

Title: Structural basis for full-spectrum inhibition of translational functions on a tRNA synthetase.

PubMed ID: 25824639

DOI: 10.1038/ncomms7402

PubMed ID: 31374204

Title: Bi-allelic TARS Mutations Are Associated with Brittle Hair Phenotype.

PubMed ID: 31374204

DOI: 10.1016/j.ajhg.2019.06.017

Sequence Information:

  • Length: 723
  • Mass: 83435
  • Checksum: 885745118972C5A9
  • Sequence:
    • MFEEKASSPS GKMGGEEKPI GAGEEKQKEG GKKKNKEGSG DGGRAELNPW PEYIYTRLEM 
YNILKAEHDS ILAEKAEKDS KPIKVTLPDG KQVDAESWKT TPYQIACGIS QGLADNTVIA 
KVNNVVWDLD RPLEEDCTLE LLKFEDEEAQ AVYWHSSAHI MGEAMERVYG GCLCYGPPIE 
NGFYYDMYLE EGGVSSNDFS SLEALCKKII KEKQAFERLE VKKETLLAMF KYNKFKCRIL 
NEKVNTPTTT VYRCGPLIDL CRGPHVRHTG KIKALKIHKN SSTYWEGKAD METLQRIYGI 
SFPDPKMLKE WEKFQEEAKN RDHRKIGRDQ ELYFFHELSP GSCFFLPKGA YIYNALIEFI 
RSEYRKRGFQ EVVTPNIFNS RLWMTSGHWQ HYSENMFSFE VEKELFALKP MNCPGHCLMF 
DHRPRSWREL PLRLADFGVL HRNELSGALT GLTRVRRFQQ DDAHIFCAME QIEDEIKGCL 
DFLRTVYSVF GFSFKLNLST RPEKFLGDIE VWDQAEKQLE NSLNEFGEKW ELNSGDGAFY 
GPKIDIQIKD AIGRYHQCAT IQLDFQLPIR FNLTYVSHDG DDKKRPVIVH RAILGSVERM 
IAILTENYGG KWPFWLSPRQ VMVVPVGPTC DEYAQKVRQQ FHDAKFMADI DLDPGCTLNK 
KIRNAQLAQY NFILVVGEKE KISGTVNIRT RDNKVHGERT ISETIERLQQ LKEFRSKQAE 
EEF

Database document:

This is a preview of the gene's schema. Only a few entries are kept for 'singleCellExpressions,' 'mRNAExpressions,' and other large data arrays for visualization purposes. You can zoom in with the mouse wheel for a closer view, and the text will adjust automatically if necessary. For the full schema, download it here.