Details for: FARSA

Gene ID: 2193

Gene Type:  Protein-coding  - A gene that serves as a template for producing a messenger RNA (mRNA) molecule, which is then translated into a functional protein.

Symbol: FARSA

Ensembl ID: ENSG00000179115

Description: phenylalanyl-tRNA synthetase subunit alpha

Cell Significance Landscape

Associated with

Significant Cells

Cell Significance Index (CSI) scores for the chosen context(s)

  • common myeloid progenitor CL0000049
    CSI 20.64
    rCSI 16.69%
    PRS 74.31
  • megakaryocyte-erythroid progenitor cell CL0000050
    CSI 10.35
    rCSI 9.34%
    PRS 69.66
  • granulocyte monocyte progenitor cell CL0000557
    CSI 7.2
    rCSI 6.24%
    PRS 76.96
  • pro-B cell CL0000826
    CSI 6.73
    rCSI 5.58%
    PRS 74.7
  • chondrocyte CL0000138
    CSI 6.65
    rCSI 10.58%
    PRS 64.73
  • activated CD4-positive, alpha-beta T cell CL0000896
    CSI 6.1
    rCSI 5.64%
    PRS 88.63
  • common lymphoid progenitor CL0000051
    CSI 5.92
    rCSI 7.92%
    PRS 89.25
  • ciliated cell CL0000064
    CSI 5.82
    rCSI 9.43%
    PRS 67.91
  • erythroid progenitor cell CL0000038
    CSI 4.69
    rCSI 26.91%
    PRS 79.57
  • hematopoietic stem cell CL0000037
    CSI 4.59
    rCSI 3.05%
    PRS 75.12
  • mature alpha-beta T cell CL0000791
    CSI 4.54
    rCSI 16.42%
    PRS 89.09
  • interstitial cell of Cajal CL0002088
    CSI 4.3
    rCSI 5.47%
    PRS 77.88
  • double-positive, alpha-beta thymocyte CL0000809
    CSI 4.07
    rCSI 4.15%
    PRS 83.31
  • caudal ganglionic eminence derived cortical interneuron CL4023064
    CSI 3.76
    rCSI 6.65%
    PRS 52.47
  • CD8-positive, CD28-negative, alpha-beta regulatory T cell CL0000920
    CSI 3.73
    rCSI 7.44%
    PRS 86.42
  • mesenchymal cell CL0008019
    CSI 3.66
    rCSI 9.29%
    PRS 65.79
  • activated type II NK T cell CL0000931
    CSI 3.51
    rCSI 3.95%
    PRS 86.86
  • effector CD8-positive, alpha-beta T cell CL0001050
    CSI 3.5
    rCSI 2.67%
    PRS 85.07
  • epithelial cell CL0000066
    CSI 3.34
    rCSI 5.13%
    PRS 64.2
  • pancreatic D cell CL0000173
    CSI 3.12
    rCSI 3.07%
    PRS 74.91
  • T follicular helper cell CL0002038
    CSI 3.07
    rCSI 2.3%
    PRS 86.16
  • astrocyte of the cerebral cortex CL0002605
    CSI 3.03
    rCSI 6.79%
    PRS 53.98
  • cerebral cortex GABAergic interneuron CL0010011
    CSI 2.94
    rCSI 8.68%
    PRS 74.15
  • primitive red blood cell CL0002355
    CSI 2.9
    rCSI 15.65%
    PRS 81.04
  • lung macrophage CL1001603
    CSI 2.88
    rCSI 6.44%
    PRS 80.12
  • type B pancreatic cell CL0000169
    CSI 2.82
    rCSI 6.23%
    PRS 71.04
  • multi-ciliated epithelial cell CL0005012
    CSI 2.72
    rCSI 2.71%
    PRS 65.88
  • interneuron CL0000099
    CSI 2.7
    rCSI 5.43%
    PRS 61.47
  • ON-bipolar cell CL0000749
    CSI 2.7
    rCSI 4.02%
    PRS 72.79
  • immature B cell CL0000816
    CSI 2.65
    rCSI 1.97%
    PRS 84.51
  • epithelial cell of lung CL0000082
    CSI 2.53
    rCSI 2.1%
    PRS 72.54
  • CD14-low, CD16-positive monocyte CL0002396
    CSI 2.53
    rCSI 1.95%
    PRS 74.3
  • neural crest cell CL0011012
    CSI 2.53
    rCSI 2%
    PRS 59.62
  • promyelocyte CL0000836
    CSI 2.52
    rCSI 3.64%
    PRS 79.95
  • plasmacytoid dendritic cell, human CL0001058
    CSI 2.4
    rCSI 1.67%
    PRS 75.35
  • naive T cell CL0000898
    CSI 2.38
    rCSI 1.66%
    PRS 86.73
  • fibroblast of lung CL0002553
    CSI 2.36
    rCSI 2.19%
    PRS 72.99
  • rod bipolar cell CL0000751
    CSI 2.34
    rCSI 4.2%
    PRS 65.36
  • secretory cell CL0000151
    CSI 2.26
    rCSI 2.36%
    PRS 72.05
  • plasmablast CL0000980
    CSI 2.26
    rCSI 1.78%
    PRS 78.73
  • early lymphoid progenitor CL0000936
    CSI 2.25
    rCSI 1.98%
    PRS 77.75
  • erythrocyte CL0000232
    CSI 2.21
    rCSI 5.01%
    PRS 74.21
  • stem cell CL0000034
    CSI 2.18
    rCSI 2.1%
    PRS 64.26
  • enteric smooth muscle cell CL0002504
    CSI 2.18
    rCSI 3.1%
    PRS 73.76
  • dendritic cell, human CL0001056
    CSI 2.15
    rCSI 3.3%
    PRS 81.49
  • perivascular cell CL4033054
    CSI 2.15
    rCSI 2.93%
    PRS 77.67
  • ependymal cell CL0000065
    CSI 2.13
    rCSI 4.33%
    PRS 50.35
  • extravillous trophoblast CL0008036
    CSI 2.12
    rCSI 2.62%
    PRS 69.42
  • mesodermal cell CL0000222
    CSI 2.09
    rCSI 2.51%
    PRS 70.28
  • neuroblast (sensu Vertebrata) CL0000031
    CSI 2.03
    rCSI 2.6%
    PRS 68.76
  • activated CD8-positive, alpha-beta T cell CL0000906
    CSI 2.02
    rCSI 1.99%
    PRS 88.59
  • intestinal tuft cell CL0019032
    CSI 1.97
    rCSI 3.02%
    PRS 76.47
  • promonocyte CL0000559
    CSI 1.96
    rCSI 3.36%
    PRS 79.95
  • ciliated epithelial cell CL0000067
    CSI 1.96
    rCSI 1.72%
    PRS 60.51
  • colon epithelial cell CL0011108
    CSI 1.92
    rCSI 2.01%
    PRS 69.31
  • cerebral cortex neuron CL0010012
    CSI 1.91
    rCSI 7.78%
    PRS 64.78
  • intestinal epithelial cell CL0002563
    CSI 1.88
    rCSI 1.97%
    PRS 69.95
  • intermediate monocyte CL0002393
    CSI 1.87
    rCSI 2.83%
    PRS 77.46
  • transit amplifying cell of colon CL0009011
    CSI 1.84
    rCSI 2.16%
    PRS 74.33
  • placental villous trophoblast CL2000060
    CSI 1.82
    rCSI 2.82%
    PRS 71.27
  • pancreatic acinar cell CL0002064
    CSI 1.8
    rCSI 2.39%
    PRS 78.49
  • myeloid leukocyte CL0000766
    CSI 1.79
    rCSI 1.65%
    PRS 73.87
  • pvalb GABAergic cortical interneuron CL4023018
    CSI 1.76
    rCSI 2.19%
    PRS 51.41
  • group 3 innate lymphoid cell CL0001071
    CSI 1.72
    rCSI 1.3%
    PRS 78.22
  • neuroblast (sensu Nematoda and Protostomia) CL0000338
    CSI 1.7
    rCSI 1.96%
    PRS 64.47
  • fraction A pre-pro B cell CL0002045
    CSI 1.65
    rCSI 1.89%
    PRS 86.4
  • intestine goblet cell CL0019031
    CSI 1.65
    rCSI 1.46%
    PRS 70.15
  • lamp5 GABAergic cortical interneuron CL4023011
    CSI 1.63
    rCSI 2.73%
    PRS 53.36
  • radial glial cell CL0000681
    CSI 1.62
    rCSI 2.24%
    PRS 70.83
  • sst GABAergic cortical interneuron CL4023017
    CSI 1.61
    rCSI 2.08%
    PRS 54.73
  • VIP GABAergic cortical interneuron CL4023016
    CSI 1.57
    rCSI 1.88%
    PRS 53.21
  • lung neuroendocrine cell CL1000223
    CSI 1.57
    rCSI 2.32%
    PRS 76.9
  • pulmonary ionocyte CL0017000
    CSI 1.41
    rCSI 1.72%
    PRS 79.16
  • glioblast CL0000030
    CSI 1.36
    rCSI 2.17%
    PRS 63.93
  • duct epithelial cell CL0000068
    CSI 1.35
    rCSI 1.97%
    PRS 77.18
  • Langerhans cell CL0000453
    CSI 1.34
    rCSI 2.05%
    PRS 85.63
  • eosinophil CL0000771
    CSI 1.31
    rCSI 8.57%
    PRS 92.08
  • fallopian tube secretory epithelial cell CL4030006
    CSI 1.28
    rCSI 1.24%
    PRS 71.79
  • erythroid lineage cell CL0000764
    CSI 1.26
    rCSI 8.1%
    PRS 85.03
  • OFF-bipolar cell CL0000750
    CSI 1.25
    rCSI 1.7%
    PRS 76.13
  • lung ciliated cell CL1000271
    CSI 1.24
    rCSI 1.44%
    PRS 63.44
  • common dendritic progenitor CL0001029
    CSI 1.22
    rCSI 1.53%
    PRS 82.06
  • myeloid lineage restricted progenitor cell CL0000839
    CSI 1.21
    rCSI 6.24%
    PRS 89.93
  • large pre-B-II cell CL0000957
    CSI 1.17
    rCSI 3.34%
    PRS 80.51
  • pancreatic ductal cell CL0002079
    CSI 1.15
    rCSI 2.23%
    PRS 75.5
  • basophil mast progenitor cell CL0002028
    CSI 1.1
    rCSI 5.87%
    PRS 93.41
  • peripheral nervous system neuron CL2000032
    CSI 1.1
    rCSI 1.49%
    PRS 63.49
  • club cell CL0000158
    CSI 1.07
    rCSI 1.57%
    PRS 67.16
  • germinal center B cell CL0000844
    CSI 1.05
    rCSI 3.14%
    PRS 85
  • retina horizontal cell CL0000745
    CSI 1.02
    rCSI 1.55%
    PRS 68.75
  • basal cell of epidermis CL0002187
    CSI 1.02
    rCSI 1.8%
    PRS 42.92
  • retinal cone cell CL0000573
    CSI 1
    rCSI 1.62%
    PRS 61.66
  • syncytiotrophoblast cell CL0000525
    CSI 0.95
    rCSI 2.72%
    PRS 81.96
  • L6b glutamatergic cortical neuron CL4023038
    CSI 0.91
    rCSI 2.84%
    PRS 55.18
  • Hofbauer cell CL3000001
    CSI 0.83
    rCSI 1.56%
    PRS 81.85
  • colon goblet cell CL0009039
    CSI 0.79
    rCSI 1.88%
    PRS 79.53
  • retinal ganglion cell CL0000740
    CSI 0.77
    rCSI 1.7%
    PRS 57.84
  • mammary gland epithelial cell CL0002327
    CSI 0.76
    rCSI 2.65%
    PRS 82.37
  • L2/3-6 intratelencephalic projecting glutamatergic neuron CL4023040
    CSI 0.71
    rCSI 1.73%
    PRS 51.68
  • pancreatic PP cell CL0002275
    CSI 0.55
    rCSI 2.19%
    PRS 81.87
  • pre-conventional dendritic cell CL0002010
    CSI 0.3
    rCSI 4.0%
    PRS 92.3%
  • L5 extratelencephalic projecting glutamatergic cortical neuron CL4023041
    CSI 0.5
    rCSI 1.7%
    PRS 51.5%
  • near-projecting glutamatergic cortical neuron CL4023012
    CSI 0.5
    rCSI 2.0%
    PRS 53.9%
  • pancreatic PP cell CL0002275
    CSI 0.6
    rCSI 2.2%
    PRS 81.9%
  • L2/3-6 intratelencephalic projecting glutamatergic neuron CL4023040
    CSI 0.7
    rCSI 1.7%
    PRS 51.7%
  • mammary gland epithelial cell CL0002327
    CSI 0.8
    rCSI 2.7%
    PRS 82.4%
  • retinal ganglion cell CL0000740
    CSI 0.8
    rCSI 1.7%
    PRS 57.8%
  • colon goblet cell CL0009039
    CSI 0.8
    rCSI 1.9%
    PRS 79.5%
  • Hofbauer cell CL3000001
    CSI 0.8
    rCSI 1.6%
    PRS 81.9%
  • L6b glutamatergic cortical neuron CL4023038
    CSI 0.9
    rCSI 2.8%
    PRS 55.2%
  • syncytiotrophoblast cell CL0000525
    CSI 1.0
    rCSI 2.7%
    PRS 82.0%
  • retinal cone cell CL0000573
    CSI 1.0
    rCSI 1.6%
    PRS 61.7%
  • basal cell of epidermis CL0002187
    CSI 1.0
    rCSI 1.8%
    PRS 42.9%
  • retina horizontal cell CL0000745
    CSI 1.0
    rCSI 1.6%
    PRS 68.8%
  • germinal center B cell CL0000844
    CSI 1.1
    rCSI 3.1%
    PRS 85.0%
  • club cell CL0000158
    CSI 1.1
    rCSI 1.6%
    PRS 67.2%
  • peripheral nervous system neuron CL2000032
    CSI 1.1
    rCSI 1.5%
    PRS 63.5%
  • basophil mast progenitor cell CL0002028
    CSI 1.1
    rCSI 5.9%
    PRS 93.4%
  • pancreatic ductal cell CL0002079
    CSI 1.2
    rCSI 2.2%
    PRS 75.5%
  • large pre-B-II cell CL0000957
    CSI 1.2
    rCSI 3.3%
    PRS 80.5%
  • myeloid lineage restricted progenitor cell CL0000839
    CSI 1.2
    rCSI 6.2%
    PRS 89.9%
  • common dendritic progenitor CL0001029
    CSI 1.2
    rCSI 1.5%
    PRS 82.1%
  • lung ciliated cell CL1000271
    CSI 1.2
    rCSI 1.4%
    PRS 63.4%
  • OFF-bipolar cell CL0000750
    CSI 1.3
    rCSI 1.7%
    PRS 76.1%
  • erythroid lineage cell CL0000764
    CSI 1.3
    rCSI 8.1%
    PRS 85.0%
  • fallopian tube secretory epithelial cell CL4030006
    CSI 1.3
    rCSI 1.2%
    PRS 71.8%
  • eosinophil CL0000771
    CSI 1.3
    rCSI 8.6%
    PRS 92.1%
  • Langerhans cell CL0000453
    CSI 1.3
    rCSI 2.1%
    PRS 85.6%
  • duct epithelial cell CL0000068
    CSI 1.4
    rCSI 2.0%
    PRS 77.2%
  • glioblast CL0000030
    CSI 1.4
    rCSI 2.2%
    PRS 63.9%
  • pulmonary ionocyte CL0017000
    CSI 1.4
    rCSI 1.7%
    PRS 79.2%
  • lung neuroendocrine cell CL1000223
    CSI 1.6
    rCSI 2.3%
    PRS 76.9%
  • VIP GABAergic cortical interneuron CL4023016
    CSI 1.6
    rCSI 1.9%
    PRS 53.2%
  • sst GABAergic cortical interneuron CL4023017
    CSI 1.6
    rCSI 2.1%
    PRS 54.7%
  • radial glial cell CL0000681
    CSI 1.6
    rCSI 2.2%
    PRS 70.8%
  • lamp5 GABAergic cortical interneuron CL4023011
    CSI 1.6
    rCSI 2.7%
    PRS 53.4%
  • intestine goblet cell CL0019031
    CSI 1.7
    rCSI 1.5%
    PRS 70.2%
  • fraction A pre-pro B cell CL0002045
    CSI 1.7
    rCSI 1.9%
    PRS 86.4%
  • neuroblast (sensu Nematoda and Protostomia) CL0000338
    CSI 1.7
    rCSI 2.0%
    PRS 64.5%
  • group 3 innate lymphoid cell CL0001071
    CSI 1.7
    rCSI 1.3%
    PRS 78.2%
  • pvalb GABAergic cortical interneuron CL4023018
    CSI 1.8
    rCSI 2.2%
    PRS 51.4%
  • myeloid leukocyte CL0000766
    CSI 1.8
    rCSI 1.7%
    PRS 73.9%
  • pancreatic acinar cell CL0002064
    CSI 1.8
    rCSI 2.4%
    PRS 78.5%
  • placental villous trophoblast CL2000060
    CSI 1.8
    rCSI 2.8%
    PRS 71.3%
  • transit amplifying cell of colon CL0009011
    CSI 1.8
    rCSI 2.2%
    PRS 74.3%
  • intermediate monocyte CL0002393
    CSI 1.9
    rCSI 2.8%
    PRS 77.5%
  • intestinal epithelial cell CL0002563
    CSI 1.9
    rCSI 2.0%
    PRS 70.0%
  • cerebral cortex neuron CL0010012
    CSI 1.9
    rCSI 7.8%
    PRS 64.8%
  • colon epithelial cell CL0011108
    CSI 1.9
    rCSI 2.0%
    PRS 69.3%
  • ciliated epithelial cell CL0000067
    CSI 2.0
    rCSI 1.7%
    PRS 60.5%
  • promonocyte CL0000559
    CSI 2.0
    rCSI 3.4%
    PRS 80.0%
  • intestinal tuft cell CL0019032
    CSI 2.0
    rCSI 3.0%
    PRS 76.5%
  • activated CD8-positive, alpha-beta T cell CL0000906
    CSI 2.0
    rCSI 2.0%
    PRS 88.6%
  • neuroblast (sensu Vertebrata) CL0000031
    CSI 2.0
    rCSI 2.6%
    PRS 68.8%
  • mesodermal cell CL0000222
    CSI 2.1
    rCSI 2.5%
    PRS 70.3%
  • extravillous trophoblast CL0008036
    CSI 2.1
    rCSI 2.6%
    PRS 69.4%
  • ependymal cell CL0000065
    CSI 2.1
    rCSI 4.3%
    PRS 50.4%
  • perivascular cell CL4033054
    CSI 2.2
    rCSI 2.9%
    PRS 77.7%
  • dendritic cell, human CL0001056
    CSI 2.2
    rCSI 3.3%
    PRS 81.5%
  • enteric smooth muscle cell CL0002504
    CSI 2.2
    rCSI 3.1%
    PRS 73.8%
  • stem cell CL0000034
    CSI 2.2
    rCSI 2.1%
    PRS 64.3%
  • erythrocyte CL0000232
    CSI 2.2
    rCSI 5.0%
    PRS 74.2%
  • early lymphoid progenitor CL0000936
    CSI 2.3
    rCSI 2.0%
    PRS 77.8%
  • plasmablast CL0000980
    CSI 2.3
    rCSI 1.8%
    PRS 78.7%
  • secretory cell CL0000151
    CSI 2.3
    rCSI 2.4%
    PRS 72.1%
  • rod bipolar cell CL0000751
    CSI 2.3
    rCSI 4.2%
    PRS 65.4%
  • fibroblast of lung CL0002553
    CSI 2.4
    rCSI 2.2%
    PRS 73.0%
  • naive T cell CL0000898
    CSI 2.4
    rCSI 1.7%
    PRS 86.7%
  • plasmacytoid dendritic cell, human CL0001058
    CSI 2.4
    rCSI 1.7%
    PRS 75.4%
  • promyelocyte CL0000836
    CSI 2.5
    rCSI 3.6%
    PRS 80.0%
  • neural crest cell CL0011012
    CSI 2.5
    rCSI 2.0%
    PRS 59.6%
  • CD14-low, CD16-positive monocyte CL0002396
    CSI 2.5
    rCSI 2.0%
    PRS 74.3%
  • epithelial cell of lung CL0000082
    CSI 2.5
    rCSI 2.1%
    PRS 72.5%
  • immature B cell CL0000816
    CSI 2.7
    rCSI 2.0%
    PRS 84.5%
  • ON-bipolar cell CL0000749
    CSI 2.7
    rCSI 4.0%
    PRS 72.8%
  • interneuron CL0000099
    CSI 2.7
    rCSI 5.4%
    PRS 61.5%
  • multi-ciliated epithelial cell CL0005012
    CSI 2.7
    rCSI 2.7%
    PRS 65.9%
  • type B pancreatic cell CL0000169
    CSI 2.8
    rCSI 6.2%
    PRS 71.0%
  • lung macrophage CL1001603
    CSI 2.9
    rCSI 6.4%
    PRS 80.1%
  • primitive red blood cell CL0002355
    CSI 2.9
    rCSI 15.7%
    PRS 81.0%
  • cerebral cortex GABAergic interneuron CL0010011
    CSI 2.9
    rCSI 8.7%
    PRS 74.2%
  • astrocyte of the cerebral cortex CL0002605
    CSI 3.0
    rCSI 6.8%
    PRS 54.0%
  • T follicular helper cell CL0002038
    CSI 3.1
    rCSI 2.3%
    PRS 86.2%
  • pancreatic D cell CL0000173
    CSI 3.1
    rCSI 3.1%
    PRS 74.9%
  • epithelial cell CL0000066
    CSI 3.3
    rCSI 5.1%
    PRS 64.2%
  • effector CD8-positive, alpha-beta T cell CL0001050
    CSI 3.5
    rCSI 2.7%
    PRS 85.1%
  • activated type II NK T cell CL0000931
    CSI 3.5
    rCSI 4.0%
    PRS 86.9%
  • mesenchymal cell CL0008019
    CSI 3.7
    rCSI 9.3%
    PRS 65.8%
  • CD8-positive, CD28-negative, alpha-beta regulatory T cell CL0000920
    CSI 3.7
    rCSI 7.4%
    PRS 86.4%
  • caudal ganglionic eminence derived cortical interneuron CL4023064
    CSI 3.8
    rCSI 6.7%
    PRS 52.5%
  • double-positive, alpha-beta thymocyte CL0000809
    CSI 4.1
    rCSI 4.2%
    PRS 83.3%
  • interstitial cell of Cajal CL0002088
    CSI 4.3
    rCSI 5.5%
    PRS 77.9%
  • mature alpha-beta T cell CL0000791
    CSI 4.5
    rCSI 16.4%
    PRS 89.1%
  • hematopoietic stem cell CL0000037
    CSI 4.6
    rCSI 3.1%
    PRS 75.1%
  • erythroid progenitor cell CL0000038
    CSI 4.7
    rCSI 26.9%
    PRS 79.6%
  • ciliated cell CL0000064
    CSI 5.8
    rCSI 9.4%
    PRS 67.9%
  • common lymphoid progenitor CL0000051
    CSI 5.9
    rCSI 7.9%
    PRS 89.3%
  • activated CD4-positive, alpha-beta T cell CL0000896
    CSI 6.1
    rCSI 5.6%
    PRS 88.6%
  • chondrocyte CL0000138
    CSI 6.7
    rCSI 10.6%
    PRS 64.7%
  • pro-B cell CL0000826
    CSI 6.7
    rCSI 5.6%
    PRS 74.7%

Cell ID: Standard Cell Ontology term used for mapping and comparing cells across experiments. Ensures consistency in analyzing cellular functions across tissues.
Fold Change: Represents the ratio of the current Cell Significance Index to the Cell Significance Index Threshold, indicating how much the gene expression has changed compared to a baseline.
Cell Significance Index: Reflects how strongly a gene is expressed in this specific cell.

Cell ID: Standard Cell Ontology term used for mapping and comparing cells across experiments. Ensures consistency in analyzing cellular functions across tissues.
Fold Change: Represents the ratio of the current Cell Significance Index to the Cell Significance Index Threshold, indicating how much the gene expression has changed compared to a baseline.
Cell Significance Index: Reflects how strongly a gene is expressed in this cell type. Calculated using techniques like effect size estimation and bootstrapping for reliability.

Cell ID: Standard Cell Ontology term used for mapping and comparing cells across experiments. Ensures consistency in analyzing cellular functions across tissues.
Fold Change: Represents the ratio of the current Cell Significance Index to the Cell Significance Index Threshold, indicating how much the gene expression has changed compared to a baseline.
Cell Significance Index: Reflects how strongly a gene is expressed in this cell type. Calculated using techniques like effect size estimation and bootstrapping for reliability.
Network Configuration

Explore relationships of the current gene. Select an Interaction Source: 'ONTOLOGY' for shared pathways (GO/Reactome) or 'STRING' for protein-protein interactions. Further refine by selecting context genes and comparing Cell Significance Index (CSI) scores between baseline and target cell types and their specific contexts.

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Comma-separated if multiple.

Legend:
  • Query Gene
  • Node Color (Target Cell CSI, relative to current network):
    • Very High
    • High
    • Medium
    • Low
    • Very Low
    • CSI N/A
  • Node Size: Proportional to Target Cell CSI magnitude
  • STRING PPI Edge
  • Shared Pathway Edge (ONTOLOGY)

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Other Information

This section provides additional information about the gene, including a description generated by an AI language model and details about associated proteins.

## Summary [FARSA](/details-gene/2193) encodes the alpha subunit of the phenylalanyl-tRNA synthetase, a crucial enzyme responsible for charging tRNA with the amino acid phenylalanine. This function is fundamental to protein synthesis. The gene's expression profile indicates it is a highly active and essential component in cells with high metabolic and proliferative rates, particularly within the hematopoietic system. Its highest significance is observed in various progenitor cells, including [common myeloid progenitor](/details-cell/CL0000049) and [megakaryocyte-erythroid progenitor cell](/details-cell/CL0000050) populations. Clinically, mutations in [FARSA](/details-gene/2193) are associated with Phenylalanyl-tRNA Synthetase Deficiency ([602918](https://omim.org/entry/602918)), and its expression has been linked to tumorigenesis in myeloid leukemia [Link](https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.94.12.6164). ## Cellular Roles and Expression Landscape **Overall**, the expression pattern of [FARSA](/details-gene/2193) highlights its indispensable role in cellular proliferation and differentiation, with a strong signature in the hematopoietic compartment. The gene shows the most profound significance in early hematopoietic progenitors, including [common myeloid progenitor](/details-cell/CL0000049) (CSI: 20.64), [megakaryocyte-erythroid progenitor cell](/details-cell/CL0000050) (CSI: 10.35), [granulocyte monocyte progenitor cell](/details-cell/CL0000557) (CSI: 7.20), [common lymphoid progenitor](/details-cell/CL0000051) (CSI: 5.92), and [hematopoietic stem cell](/details-cell/CL0000037) (CSI: 4.59). This suggests that the high translational demand required for lineage commitment and rapid cell division in these populations relies heavily on robust [FARSA](/details-gene/2193) activity. Beyond the progenitor stage, [FARSA](/details-gene/2193) remains significant in developing and activated lymphocyte populations, such as [pro-B cell](/details-cell/CL0000826) (CSI: 6.73) and [activated CD4-positive, alpha-beta T cell](/details-cell/CL0000896) (CSI: 6.10), consistent with the burst of protein synthesis needed for clonal expansion and effector function. The gene's notable significance in non-hematopoietic cells like [chondrocyte](/details-cell/CL0000138) (CSI: 6.65) and [ciliated cell](/details-cell/CL0000064) (CSI: 5.82) underscores its fundamental housekeeping role in maintaining protein homeostasis in diverse tissues, though its activity is most pronounced in the context of hematopoiesis. ## Pathways and Molecular Function The molecular functions of [FARSA](/details-gene/2193) are directly related to its role as a core component of the translation machinery. Gene Ontology annotations confirm its primary molecular function as [phenylalanine-trna ligase activity](/details-cell/GO:0004826), which is central to the biological process of [phenylalanyl-trna aminoacylation](/details-cell/GO:0006432). This activity requires [atp binding](/details-cell/GO:0005524) and [magnesium ion binding](/details-cell/GO:0000287) for catalysis. As part of the heterodimeric phenylalanine-tRNA ligase complex ([GO:0009328](/details-cell/GO:0009328)), it also involves [protein heterotetramerization](/details-cell/GO:0051290) and binds both [trna](/details-cell/GO:0000049) and other proteins ([protein binding](/details-cell/GO:0005515)). Consistent with these functions, [FARSA](/details-gene/2193) is a key participant in the [Cytosolic trna aminoacylation](/details-cell/R-HSA-379716) pathway, which is a prerequisite for the broader processes of [Translation](/details-cell/R-HSA-72766) and [Metabolism of proteins](/details-cell/R-HSA-392499). Its high expression in progenitor and activated immune cells is therefore a direct reflection of the high demand for these fundamental pathways to support cell growth, division, and function. ## Research Directions The data strongly implicate [FARSA](/details-gene/2193) as a vital enzyme for highly proliferative cells, particularly hematopoietic progenitors. Previous research has noted that its expression is enhanced in tumorigenic myeloid leukemia cells and is dependent on the cell cycle and differentiation state [Link](https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.94.12.6164), [Link](https://doi.org/10.1006/bbrc.1999.0141). This provides a compelling basis for further investigation into its role in both normal and malignant hematopoiesis. Based on the available evidence, several testable hypotheses can be proposed: 1. **Hypothesis 1:** The elevated expression of [FARSA](/details-gene/2193) is a critical dependency for myeloid leukemia cells, where it supports the heightened translational demands necessary for rapid proliferation and survival. Its inhibition may therefore selectively target these malignant cells. 2. **Hypothesis 2:** [FARSA](/details-gene/2193) activity is a rate-limiting factor during hematopoietic lineage commitment. Fluctuations in its expression or efficiency could bias differentiation outcomes, particularly between the myeloid and lymphoid lineages where its significance is pronounced. To investigate the first hypothesis, a key experiment could be designed: * **Experimental Approach:** Utilize CRISPR-Cas9 or shRNA-mediated knockdown to deplete [FARSA](/details-gene/2193) in a panel of human myeloid leukemia cell lines (e.g., K562, MV-4-11) and in primary patient-derived leukemia samples. The functional consequences would be assessed by measuring cell proliferation rates, apoptosis via Annexin V staining, and overall protein synthesis capacity using a puromycin incorporation assay (e.g., SUnSET). Concurrently, performing a metabolic analysis could reveal how the disruption of phenylalanine charging impacts broader cellular metabolism. **Therapeutic Potential:** Given its fundamental role in protein synthesis, [FARSA](/details-gene/2193) represents a potential therapeutic target. While systemic inhibition would likely be toxic, the concept of "translational addiction" in cancer suggests that rapidly dividing malignant cells, such as those in acute myeloid leukemia, may be disproportionately sensitive to the inhibition of tRNA synthetases compared to healthy quiescent cells. Therefore, developing small molecule inhibitors against the enzymatic activity of [FARSA](/details-gene/2193) could be a viable anti-leukemic strategy. An inhibition-based approach would be the logical therapeutic strategy.

Genular Protein ID: 3613397020

Symbol: SYFA_HUMAN

Name: Phenylalanine--tRNA ligase alpha subunit

UniProtKB Accession Codes:

Database IDs:

Citations:

PubMed ID: 9177188

Title: Expression of a gene encoding a tRNA synthetase-like protein is enhanced in tumorigenic human myeloid leukemia cells and is cell cycle stage- and differentiation-dependent.

PubMed ID: 9177188

DOI: 10.1073/pnas.94.12.6164

PubMed ID: 10049785

Title: Human phenylalanyl-tRNA synthetase: cloning, characterization of the deduced amino acid sequences in terms of the structural domains and coordinately regulated expression of the alpha and beta subunits in chronic myeloid leukemia cells.

PubMed ID: 10049785

DOI: 10.1006/bbrc.1999.0141

PubMed ID: 14702039

Title: Complete sequencing and characterization of 21,243 full-length human cDNAs.

PubMed ID: 14702039

DOI: 10.1038/ng1285

PubMed ID: 15057824

Title: The DNA sequence and biology of human chromosome 19.

PubMed ID: 15057824

DOI: 10.1038/nature02399

PubMed ID: 15489334

Title: The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC).

PubMed ID: 15489334

DOI: 10.1101/gr.2596504

PubMed ID: 12665801

Title: Exploring proteomes and analyzing protein processing by mass spectrometric identification of sorted N-terminal peptides.

PubMed ID: 12665801

DOI: 10.1038/nbt810

PubMed ID: 18691976

Title: Kinase-selective enrichment enables quantitative phosphoproteomics of the kinome across the cell cycle.

PubMed ID: 18691976

DOI: 10.1016/j.molcel.2008.07.007

PubMed ID: 19413330

Title: Lys-N and trypsin cover complementary parts of the phosphoproteome in a refined SCX-based approach.

PubMed ID: 19413330

DOI: 10.1021/ac9004309

PubMed ID: 19608861

Title: Lysine acetylation targets protein complexes and co-regulates major cellular functions.

PubMed ID: 19608861

DOI: 10.1126/science.1175371

PubMed ID: 21269460

Title: Initial characterization of the human central proteome.

PubMed ID: 21269460

DOI: 10.1186/1752-0509-5-17

PubMed ID: 22223895

Title: Comparative large-scale characterisation of plant vs. mammal proteins reveals similar and idiosyncratic N-alpha acetylation features.

PubMed ID: 22223895

DOI: 10.1074/mcp.m111.015131

PubMed ID: 22814378

Title: N-terminal acetylome analyses and functional insights of the N-terminal acetyltransferase NatB.

PubMed ID: 22814378

DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1210303109

PubMed ID: 23186163

Title: Toward a comprehensive characterization of a human cancer cell phosphoproteome.

PubMed ID: 23186163

DOI: 10.1021/pr300630k

PubMed ID: 25944712

Title: N-terminome analysis of the human mitochondrial proteome.

PubMed ID: 25944712

DOI: 10.1002/pmic.201400617

PubMed ID: 31355908

Title: FARSA mutations mimic phenylalanyl-tRNA synthetase deficiency caused by FARSB defects.

PubMed ID: 31355908

DOI: 10.1111/cge.13614

PubMed ID: 20223217

Title: Structure of human cytosolic phenylalanyl-tRNA synthetase: evidence for kingdom-specific design of the active sites and tRNA binding patterns.

PubMed ID: 20223217

DOI: 10.1016/j.str.2010.01.002

Sequence Information:

  • Length: 508
  • Mass: 57564
  • Checksum: 99BC12E1F3C5FCFD
  • Sequence:
  • MADGQVAELL LRRLEASDGG LDSAELAAEL GMEHQAVVGA VKSLQALGEV IEAELRSTKH 
    WELTAEGEEI AREGSHEARV FRSIPPEGLA QSELMRLPSG KVGFSKAMSN KWIRVDKSAA 
    DGPRVFRVVD SMEDEVQRRL QLVRGGQAEK LGEKERSELR KRKLLAEVTL KTYWVSKGSA 
    FSTSISKQET ELSPEMISSG SWRDRPFKPY NFLAHGVLPD SGHLHPLLKV RSQFRQIFLE 
    MGFTEMPTDN FIESSFWNFD ALFQPQQHPA RDQHDTFFLR DPAEALQLPM DYVQRVKRTH 
    SQGGYGSQGY KYNWKLDEAR KNLLRTHTTS ASARALYRLA QKKPFTPVKY FSIDRVFRNE 
    TLDATHLAEF HQIEGVVADH GLTLGHLMGV LREFFTKLGI TQLRFKPAYN PYTEPSMEVF 
    SYHQGLKKWV EVGNSGVFRP EMLLPMGLPE NVSVIAWGLS LERPTMIKYG INNIRELVGH 
    KVNLQMVYDS PLCRLDAEPR PPPTQEAA