Details for: FARSA

Gene ID: 2193

Symbol: FARSA

Ensembl ID: ENSG00000179115

Description: phenylalanyl-tRNA synthetase subunit alpha

Associated with

Cells (max top 100)

(Cell Significance Index and respective Thresholds are uniquely calculated using our advanced thresholding algorithms to reveal cell-specific gene markers)

  • Cell Name: polychromatophilic erythroblast (CL0000550)
    Fold Change: 115.5291
    Cell Significance Index: -17.9700
  • Cell Name: hematopoietic oligopotent progenitor cell (CL0002032)
    Fold Change: 61.8979
    Cell Significance Index: -15.7000
  • Cell Name: smooth muscle fiber of ileum (CL1000278)
    Fold Change: 58.6712
    Cell Significance Index: -27.7000
  • Cell Name: mucosal type mast cell (CL0000485)
    Fold Change: 57.3467
    Cell Significance Index: -23.3000
  • Cell Name: peripheral blood mononuclear cell (CL2000001)
    Fold Change: 53.2189
    Cell Significance Index: -27.3800
  • Cell Name: ciliated cell of the bronchus (CL0002332)
    Fold Change: 24.5354
    Cell Significance Index: -23.4300
  • Cell Name: orthochromatic erythroblast (CL0000552)
    Fold Change: 19.7331
    Cell Significance Index: -24.3300
  • Cell Name: CD8-alpha-beta-positive, alpha-beta intraepithelial T cell (CL0000796)
    Fold Change: 7.3315
    Cell Significance Index: -19.6400
  • Cell Name: stromal cell of bone marrow (CL0010001)
    Fold Change: 6.5749
    Cell Significance Index: -25.9500
  • Cell Name: CD8-positive, alpha-beta regulatory T cell (CL0000795)
    Fold Change: 5.9841
    Cell Significance Index: -18.3800
  • Cell Name: pro-T cell (CL0000827)
    Fold Change: 2.9967
    Cell Significance Index: 76.5600
  • Cell Name: microfold cell of epithelium of small intestine (CL1000353)
    Fold Change: 2.3964
    Cell Significance Index: 165.7200
  • Cell Name: tuft cell of colon (CL0009041)
    Fold Change: 1.1080
    Cell Significance Index: 1000.4800
  • Cell Name: conjunctival epithelial cell (CL1000432)
    Fold Change: 0.8451
    Cell Significance Index: 11.5300
  • Cell Name: skeletal muscle myoblast (CL0000515)
    Fold Change: 0.6770
    Cell Significance Index: 7.3600
  • Cell Name: glycinergic neuron (CL1001509)
    Fold Change: 0.6276
    Cell Significance Index: 32.9500
  • Cell Name: neutrophil progenitor cell (CL0000834)
    Fold Change: 0.6183
    Cell Significance Index: 16.5400
  • Cell Name: bladder urothelial cell (CL1001428)
    Fold Change: 0.5654
    Cell Significance Index: 29.3700
  • Cell Name: basal cell of prostate epithelium (CL0002341)
    Fold Change: 0.5331
    Cell Significance Index: 14.5100
  • Cell Name: tonsil germinal center B cell (CL2000006)
    Fold Change: 0.5301
    Cell Significance Index: 62.5200
  • Cell Name: epithelial cell of small intestine (CL0002254)
    Fold Change: 0.5088
    Cell Significance Index: 82.7500
  • Cell Name: CD4-positive, alpha-beta memory T cell, CD45RO-positive (CL0001204)
    Fold Change: 0.4855
    Cell Significance Index: 14.2600
  • Cell Name: colon goblet cell (CL0009039)
    Fold Change: 0.4849
    Cell Significance Index: 47.9700
  • Cell Name: kidney cell (CL1000497)
    Fold Change: 0.4847
    Cell Significance Index: 3.8700
  • Cell Name: placental villous trophoblast (CL2000060)
    Fold Change: 0.4580
    Cell Significance Index: 12.2300
  • Cell Name: basal cell of urothelium (CL1000486)
    Fold Change: 0.4530
    Cell Significance Index: 55.7000
  • Cell Name: intermediate cell of urothelium (CL4030055)
    Fold Change: 0.4427
    Cell Significance Index: 79.8000
  • Cell Name: granulosa cell (CL0000501)
    Fold Change: 0.4389
    Cell Significance Index: 11.5400
  • Cell Name: neoplastic cell (CL0001063)
    Fold Change: 0.4350
    Cell Significance Index: 86.3300
  • Cell Name: cell in vitro (CL0001034)
    Fold Change: 0.4237
    Cell Significance Index: 231.3900
  • Cell Name: acinar cell of salivary gland (CL0002623)
    Fold Change: 0.4215
    Cell Significance Index: 19.6500
  • Cell Name: sebum secreting cell (CL0000317)
    Fold Change: 0.4078
    Cell Significance Index: 28.8400
  • Cell Name: L2/3-6 intratelencephalic projecting glutamatergic neuron (CL4023040)
    Fold Change: 0.4068
    Cell Significance Index: 81.6100
  • Cell Name: early pro-B cell (CL0002046)
    Fold Change: 0.3882
    Cell Significance Index: 25.0500
  • Cell Name: stromal cell of ovary (CL0002132)
    Fold Change: 0.3397
    Cell Significance Index: 46.6500
  • Cell Name: eye photoreceptor cell (CL0000287)
    Fold Change: 0.3246
    Cell Significance Index: 20.4600
  • Cell Name: hair follicular keratinocyte (CL2000092)
    Fold Change: 0.3182
    Cell Significance Index: 140.6700
  • Cell Name: lactocyte (CL0002325)
    Fold Change: 0.3012
    Cell Significance Index: 38.9200
  • Cell Name: enterocyte of epithelium of small intestine (CL1000334)
    Fold Change: 0.2808
    Cell Significance Index: 8.0900
  • Cell Name: enterocyte of epithelium of large intestine (CL0002071)
    Fold Change: 0.2786
    Cell Significance Index: 12.6300
  • Cell Name: mesonephric nephron tubule epithelial cell (CL1000022)
    Fold Change: 0.2725
    Cell Significance Index: 9.4700
  • Cell Name: progenitor cell of mammary luminal epithelium (CL0009116)
    Fold Change: 0.2684
    Cell Significance Index: 20.0000
  • Cell Name: luminal adaptive secretory precursor cell of mammary gland (CL4033057)
    Fold Change: 0.2666
    Cell Significance Index: 12.5300
  • Cell Name: odontoblast (CL0000060)
    Fold Change: 0.1967
    Cell Significance Index: 25.2100
  • Cell Name: obsolete caudal ganglionic eminence derived GABAergic cortical interneuron (CL4023070)
    Fold Change: 0.1885
    Cell Significance Index: 67.6100
  • Cell Name: enteroendocrine cell of colon (CL0009042)
    Fold Change: 0.1878
    Cell Significance Index: 35.7400
  • Cell Name: GABAergic interneuron (CL0011005)
    Fold Change: 0.1489
    Cell Significance Index: 102.9900
  • Cell Name: cortical cell of adrenal gland (CL0002097)
    Fold Change: 0.1487
    Cell Significance Index: 3.9900
  • Cell Name: basal epithelial cell of tracheobronchial tree (CL0002329)
    Fold Change: 0.0948
    Cell Significance Index: 2.6500
  • Cell Name: pancreatic acinar cell (CL0002064)
    Fold Change: 0.0939
    Cell Significance Index: 16.0300
  • Cell Name: fibroblast of dermis (CL0002551)
    Fold Change: 0.0936
    Cell Significance Index: 1.9600
  • Cell Name: intestinal crypt stem cell of small intestine (CL0009017)
    Fold Change: 0.0431
    Cell Significance Index: 0.9200
  • Cell Name: small intestine goblet cell (CL1000495)
    Fold Change: 0.0310
    Cell Significance Index: 1.0900
  • Cell Name: intestinal epithelial cell (CL0002563)
    Fold Change: 0.0039
    Cell Significance Index: 0.0400
  • Cell Name: lung endothelial cell (CL1001567)
    Fold Change: 0.0022
    Cell Significance Index: 0.1100
  • Cell Name: pigmented epithelial cell (CL0000529)
    Fold Change: -0.0030
    Cell Significance Index: -5.7200
  • Cell Name: pulmonary alveolar epithelial cell (CL0000322)
    Fold Change: -0.0036
    Cell Significance Index: -2.7000
  • Cell Name: pancreatic PP cell (CL0002275)
    Fold Change: -0.0073
    Cell Significance Index: -4.5400
  • Cell Name: pancreatic A cell (CL0000171)
    Fold Change: -0.0091
    Cell Significance Index: -6.7700
  • Cell Name: kidney loop of Henle cortical thick ascending limb epithelial cell (CL1001109)
    Fold Change: -0.0100
    Cell Significance Index: -7.3200
  • Cell Name: anterior lens cell (CL0002223)
    Fold Change: -0.0113
    Cell Significance Index: -20.8600
  • Cell Name: lens epithelial cell (CL0002224)
    Fold Change: -0.0130
    Cell Significance Index: -19.9400
  • Cell Name: abnormal cell (CL0001061)
    Fold Change: -0.0159
    Cell Significance Index: -1.6200
  • Cell Name: secondary lens fiber (CL0002225)
    Fold Change: -0.0159
    Cell Significance Index: -21.6000
  • Cell Name: type B pancreatic cell (CL0000169)
    Fold Change: -0.0202
    Cell Significance Index: -11.4100
  • Cell Name: non-pigmented ciliary epithelial cell (CL0002304)
    Fold Change: -0.0242
    Cell Significance Index: -15.3400
  • Cell Name: ciliary muscle cell (CL1000443)
    Fold Change: -0.0402
    Cell Significance Index: -18.2300
  • Cell Name: germ cell (CL0000586)
    Fold Change: -0.0450
    Cell Significance Index: -0.3400
  • Cell Name: mesenchymal cell (CL0008019)
    Fold Change: -0.0490
    Cell Significance Index: -0.8200
  • Cell Name: transit amplifying cell of colon (CL0009011)
    Fold Change: -0.0512
    Cell Significance Index: -1.6400
  • Cell Name: pancreatic D cell (CL0000173)
    Fold Change: -0.0637
    Cell Significance Index: -13.4100
  • Cell Name: dopaminergic neuron (CL0000700)
    Fold Change: -0.0764
    Cell Significance Index: -21.9700
  • Cell Name: pancreatic ductal cell (CL0002079)
    Fold Change: -0.0870
    Cell Significance Index: -9.9700
  • Cell Name: cardiac muscle myoblast (CL0000513)
    Fold Change: -0.0908
    Cell Significance Index: -6.9700
  • Cell Name: pigmented ciliary epithelial cell (CL0002303)
    Fold Change: -0.1107
    Cell Significance Index: -16.0900
  • Cell Name: interstitial cell of ovary (CL0002094)
    Fold Change: -0.1202
    Cell Significance Index: -1.5400
  • Cell Name: epithelial cell of stomach (CL0002178)
    Fold Change: -0.1214
    Cell Significance Index: -14.1500
  • Cell Name: umbrella cell of urothelium (CL4030056)
    Fold Change: -0.1292
    Cell Significance Index: -1.1900
  • Cell Name: peg cell (CL4033014)
    Fold Change: -0.1593
    Cell Significance Index: -3.6800
  • Cell Name: Hofbauer cell (CL3000001)
    Fold Change: -0.1631
    Cell Significance Index: -1.3300
  • Cell Name: cerebellar granule cell (CL0001031)
    Fold Change: -0.1721
    Cell Significance Index: -2.9500
  • Cell Name: pancreatic endocrine cell (CL0008024)
    Fold Change: -0.1751
    Cell Significance Index: -19.9900
  • Cell Name: forebrain neuroblast (CL1000042)
    Fold Change: -0.1834
    Cell Significance Index: -11.2700
  • Cell Name: paneth cell of epithelium of small intestine (CL1000343)
    Fold Change: -0.1860
    Cell Significance Index: -4.0300
  • Cell Name: hippocampal granule cell (CL0001033)
    Fold Change: -0.1878
    Cell Significance Index: -12.6300
  • Cell Name: retinal rod cell (CL0000604)
    Fold Change: -0.2198
    Cell Significance Index: -2.6200
  • Cell Name: paneth cell of colon (CL0009009)
    Fold Change: -0.2222
    Cell Significance Index: -3.3300
  • Cell Name: retinal progenitor cell (CL0002672)
    Fold Change: -0.2249
    Cell Significance Index: -12.6200
  • Cell Name: intestinal tuft cell (CL0019032)
    Fold Change: -0.2404
    Cell Significance Index: -14.7400
  • Cell Name: smooth muscle cell of sphincter of pupil (CL0002243)
    Fold Change: -0.2424
    Cell Significance Index: -25.2400
  • Cell Name: fibroblast of mammary gland (CL0002555)
    Fold Change: -0.2449
    Cell Significance Index: -7.0200
  • Cell Name: kidney loop of Henle descending limb epithelial cell (CL1001021)
    Fold Change: -0.2699
    Cell Significance Index: -21.3800
  • Cell Name: endothelial cell of venule (CL1000414)
    Fold Change: -0.3213
    Cell Significance Index: -3.6500
  • Cell Name: indirect pathway medium spiny neuron (CL4023029)
    Fold Change: -0.3308
    Cell Significance Index: -14.6300
  • Cell Name: direct pathway medium spiny neuron (CL4023026)
    Fold Change: -0.4275
    Cell Significance Index: -16.1900
  • Cell Name: hippocampal pyramidal neuron (CL1001571)
    Fold Change: -0.4398
    Cell Significance Index: -12.5500
  • Cell Name: Sertoli cell (CL0000216)
    Fold Change: -0.4463
    Cell Significance Index: -6.2600
  • Cell Name: enteroendocrine cell of small intestine (CL0009006)
    Fold Change: -0.4813
    Cell Significance Index: -12.0300
  • Cell Name: skeletal muscle fiber (CL0008002)
    Fold Change: -0.4906
    Cell Significance Index: -12.6100
  • Cell Name: CD14-positive, CD16-negative classical monocyte (CL0002057)
    Fold Change: -0.5037
    Cell Significance Index: -9.3100

Cell ID: Standard Cell Ontology term used for mapping and comparing cells across experiments. Ensures consistency in analyzing cellular functions across tissues.
Fold Change: Represents the ratio of the current Cell Significance Index to the Cell Significance Index Threshold, indicating how much the gene expression has changed compared to a baseline.
Cell Significance Index: Reflects how strongly a gene is expressed in this specific cell.

Cell ID: Standard Cell Ontology term used for mapping and comparing cells across experiments. Ensures consistency in analyzing cellular functions across tissues.
Fold Change: Represents the ratio of the current Cell Significance Index to the Cell Significance Index Threshold, indicating how much the gene expression has changed compared to a baseline.
Cell Significance Index: Reflects how strongly a gene is expressed in this cell type. Calculated using techniques like effect size estimation and bootstrapping for reliability.

Cell ID: Standard Cell Ontology term used for mapping and comparing cells across experiments. Ensures consistency in analyzing cellular functions across tissues.
Fold Change: Represents the ratio of the current Cell Significance Index to the Cell Significance Index Threshold, indicating how much the gene expression has changed compared to a baseline.
Cell Significance Index: Reflects how strongly a gene is expressed in this cell type. Calculated using techniques like effect size estimation and bootstrapping for reliability.

Other Information

**Key Characteristics:** 1. **Aminoacylation of Phenylalanine-tRNA:** The FARSA gene encodes for the alpha subunit of phenylalanyl-tRNA synthetase, an enzyme responsible for the aminoacylation of phenylalanine-tRNA. This process is essential for the proper translation of phenylalanine-containing proteins. 2. **Subunit Structure:** The FARSA gene produces a heterotetrameric enzyme, composed of two alpha and two beta subunits. The alpha subunit is responsible for the aminoacylation of phenylalanine-tRNA, while the beta subunit plays a regulatory role in the enzyme's activity. 3. **Cellular Expression:** The FARSA gene is significantly expressed in various cell types, including pro-T cells, placental villous trophoblast, erythroid progenitor cells, and male germ cells. This suggests that the FARSA gene plays a critical role in the development and function of these cells. **Pathways and Functions:** 1. **Aminoacylation of tRNA:** The FARSA gene is involved in the aminoacylation of phenylalanine-tRNA, a process that is essential for protein synthesis. The enzyme catalyzes the attachment of phenylalanine to its corresponding tRNA molecule. 2. **Phenylalanine Metabolism:** The FARSA gene is also involved in the regulation of phenylalanine metabolism. The enzyme's activity can influence the availability of phenylalanine for protein synthesis and other cellular processes. 3. **Translation:** The FARSA gene plays a critical role in the regulation of translation, a process that is essential for protein synthesis. The enzyme's activity can influence the accuracy and efficiency of translation. **Clinical Significance:** 1. **Phenylketonuria (PKU):** Mutations in the FARSA gene have been implicated in the development of phenylketonuria (PKU), a genetic disorder characterized by elevated levels of phenylalanine in the blood. PKU can lead to intellectual disability and other serious health complications if left untreated. 2. **Erythropoiesis:** The FARSA gene is also involved in the regulation of erythropoiesis, the process by which red blood cells are produced. Mutations in the FARSA gene can lead to anemia and other hematological disorders. 3. **Cancer:** The FARSA gene has been implicated in the regulation of cancer cell growth and survival. The enzyme's activity can influence the availability of phenylalanine for protein synthesis, which can impact cancer cell proliferation and metastasis. In conclusion, the FARSA gene plays a critical role in the regulation of phenylalanine metabolism and protein synthesis. Its dysregulation has been implicated in various diseases, including PKU, anemia, and cancer. Further research is needed to fully understand the mechanisms by which the FARSA gene influences cellular processes and to develop effective therapeutic strategies for the treatment of these diseases.

Genular Protein ID: 3613397020

Symbol: SYFA_HUMAN

Name: Phenylalanine--tRNA ligase alpha subunit

UniProtKB Accession Codes:

Q9Y285 B4E363 Q9NSD8 Q9Y4W8

Database IDs:

AGR 1 AlphaFoldDB 1 Antibodypedia 1 BRENDA 1 Bgee 1 BioGRID 1 BioGRID-ORCS 1 BioMuta 1 CCDS 1 CDD 1 CTD 1 ChEBI 12 ChiTaRS 1 ComplexPortal 1 DIP 1 DMDM 1 DNASU 1 DisGeNET 1 DrugBank 1 EC 1 EMBL 8 Ensembl 2 EvolutionaryTrace 1 ExpressionAtlas 1 GO 11 Gene3D 3 GeneCards 1 GeneTree 1 GeneWiki 1 GenomeRNAi 1 GlyGen 1 HGNC 1 HOGENOM 1 HPA 1 InParanoid 1 IntAct 1 InterPro 8 KEGG 1 MANE-Select 1 MIM 3 MINT 1 MalaCards 1 MassIVE 1 MetOSite 1 NCBI Taxonomy 1 NCBIfam 1 OMA 1 OpenTargets 1 OrthoDB 1 PANTHER 2 PDB 1 PDBsum 1 PIR 1 PRO 1 PROSITE 1 PathwayCommons 1 PaxDb 1 PeptideAtlas 1 Pfam 4 PharmGKB 1 Pharos 1 PhosphoSitePlus 1 PhylomeDB 1 Proteomes 1 ProteomicsDB 2 Pumba 1 RNAct 1 Reactome 1 RefSeq 1 Rhea 4 SIGNOR 1 SMR 1 STRING 1 SUPFAM 2 SignaLink 1 SwissPalm 1 TreeFam 1 UCSC 1 VEuPathDB 1 eggNOG 1 iPTMnet 1 jPOST 1 neXtProt 1

Citations:

PubMed ID: 9177188

Title: Expression of a gene encoding a tRNA synthetase-like protein is enhanced in tumorigenic human myeloid leukemia cells and is cell cycle stage- and differentiation-dependent.

PubMed ID: 9177188

DOI: 10.1073/pnas.94.12.6164

PubMed ID: 10049785

Title: Human phenylalanyl-tRNA synthetase: cloning, characterization of the deduced amino acid sequences in terms of the structural domains and coordinately regulated expression of the alpha and beta subunits in chronic myeloid leukemia cells.

PubMed ID: 10049785

DOI: 10.1006/bbrc.1999.0141

PubMed ID: 14702039

Title: Complete sequencing and characterization of 21,243 full-length human cDNAs.

PubMed ID: 14702039

DOI: 10.1038/ng1285

PubMed ID: 15057824

Title: The DNA sequence and biology of human chromosome 19.

PubMed ID: 15057824

DOI: 10.1038/nature02399

PubMed ID: 15489334

Title: The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC).

PubMed ID: 15489334

DOI: 10.1101/gr.2596504

PubMed ID: 12665801

Title: Exploring proteomes and analyzing protein processing by mass spectrometric identification of sorted N-terminal peptides.

PubMed ID: 12665801

DOI: 10.1038/nbt810

PubMed ID: 18691976

Title: Kinase-selective enrichment enables quantitative phosphoproteomics of the kinome across the cell cycle.

PubMed ID: 18691976

DOI: 10.1016/j.molcel.2008.07.007

PubMed ID: 19413330

Title: Lys-N and trypsin cover complementary parts of the phosphoproteome in a refined SCX-based approach.

PubMed ID: 19413330

DOI: 10.1021/ac9004309

PubMed ID: 19608861

Title: Lysine acetylation targets protein complexes and co-regulates major cellular functions.

PubMed ID: 19608861

DOI: 10.1126/science.1175371

PubMed ID: 21269460

Title: Initial characterization of the human central proteome.

PubMed ID: 21269460

DOI: 10.1186/1752-0509-5-17

PubMed ID: 22223895

Title: Comparative large-scale characterisation of plant vs. mammal proteins reveals similar and idiosyncratic N-alpha acetylation features.

PubMed ID: 22223895

DOI: 10.1074/mcp.m111.015131

PubMed ID: 22814378

Title: N-terminal acetylome analyses and functional insights of the N-terminal acetyltransferase NatB.

PubMed ID: 22814378

DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1210303109

PubMed ID: 23186163

Title: Toward a comprehensive characterization of a human cancer cell phosphoproteome.

PubMed ID: 23186163

DOI: 10.1021/pr300630k

PubMed ID: 25944712

Title: N-terminome analysis of the human mitochondrial proteome.

PubMed ID: 25944712

DOI: 10.1002/pmic.201400617

PubMed ID: 31355908

Title: FARSA mutations mimic phenylalanyl-tRNA synthetase deficiency caused by FARSB defects.

PubMed ID: 31355908

DOI: 10.1111/cge.13614

PubMed ID: 20223217

Title: Structure of human cytosolic phenylalanyl-tRNA synthetase: evidence for kingdom-specific design of the active sites and tRNA binding patterns.

PubMed ID: 20223217

DOI: 10.1016/j.str.2010.01.002

Sequence Information:

  • Length: 508
  • Mass: 57564
  • Checksum: 99BC12E1F3C5FCFD
  • Sequence:
    • MADGQVAELL LRRLEASDGG LDSAELAAEL GMEHQAVVGA VKSLQALGEV IEAELRSTKH 
WELTAEGEEI AREGSHEARV FRSIPPEGLA QSELMRLPSG KVGFSKAMSN KWIRVDKSAA 
DGPRVFRVVD SMEDEVQRRL QLVRGGQAEK LGEKERSELR KRKLLAEVTL KTYWVSKGSA 
FSTSISKQET ELSPEMISSG SWRDRPFKPY NFLAHGVLPD SGHLHPLLKV RSQFRQIFLE 
MGFTEMPTDN FIESSFWNFD ALFQPQQHPA RDQHDTFFLR DPAEALQLPM DYVQRVKRTH 
SQGGYGSQGY KYNWKLDEAR KNLLRTHTTS ASARALYRLA QKKPFTPVKY FSIDRVFRNE 
TLDATHLAEF HQIEGVVADH GLTLGHLMGV LREFFTKLGI TQLRFKPAYN PYTEPSMEVF 
SYHQGLKKWV EVGNSGVFRP EMLLPMGLPE NVSVIAWGLS LERPTMIKYG INNIRELVGH 
KVNLQMVYDS PLCRLDAEPR PPPTQEAA

Database document:

This is a preview of the gene's schema. Only a few entries are kept for 'singleCellExpressions,' 'mRNAExpressions,' and other large data arrays for visualization purposes. You can zoom in with the mouse wheel for a closer view, and the text will adjust automatically if necessary. For the full schema, download it here.