Details for: GPC4

Gene ID: 2239

Symbol: GPC4

Ensembl ID: ENSG00000076716

Description: glypican 4

Associated with

Cells (max top 100)

(Cell Significance Index and respective Thresholds are uniquely calculated using our advanced thresholding algorithms to reveal cell-specific gene markers)

  • Cell Name: mucosal type mast cell (CL0000485)
    Fold Change: 37.8578
    Cell Significance Index: -15.3800
  • Cell Name: smooth muscle fiber of ileum (CL1000278)
    Fold Change: 35.6263
    Cell Significance Index: -16.8200
  • Cell Name: ileal goblet cell (CL1000326)
    Fold Change: 25.0662
    Cell Significance Index: -16.8200
  • Cell Name: ciliated cell of the bronchus (CL0002332)
    Fold Change: 16.0907
    Cell Significance Index: -15.3600
  • Cell Name: colon goblet cell (CL0009039)
    Fold Change: 1.4388
    Cell Significance Index: 142.3300
  • Cell Name: microfold cell of epithelium of small intestine (CL1000353)
    Fold Change: 1.4102
    Cell Significance Index: 97.5200
  • Cell Name: cortical cell of adrenal gland (CL0002097)
    Fold Change: 1.3560
    Cell Significance Index: 36.3400
  • Cell Name: tuft cell of colon (CL0009041)
    Fold Change: 0.9238
    Cell Significance Index: 834.1100
  • Cell Name: gut absorptive cell (CL0000677)
    Fold Change: 0.9081
    Cell Significance Index: 54.5200
  • Cell Name: intestinal crypt stem cell of colon (CL0009043)
    Fold Change: 0.8634
    Cell Significance Index: 93.9100
  • Cell Name: odontoblast (CL0000060)
    Fold Change: 0.7929
    Cell Significance Index: 101.6500
  • Cell Name: fibroblast of dermis (CL0002551)
    Fold Change: 0.7539
    Cell Significance Index: 15.7800
  • Cell Name: epithelial cell of small intestine (CL0002254)
    Fold Change: 0.7413
    Cell Significance Index: 120.5600
  • Cell Name: hippocampal granule cell (CL0001033)
    Fold Change: 0.6956
    Cell Significance Index: 46.7700
  • Cell Name: preosteoblast (CL0007010)
    Fold Change: 0.6220
    Cell Significance Index: 5.6500
  • Cell Name: preadipocyte (CL0002334)
    Fold Change: 0.5011
    Cell Significance Index: 9.7800
  • Cell Name: enterocyte of epithelium of small intestine (CL1000334)
    Fold Change: 0.2818
    Cell Significance Index: 8.1200
  • Cell Name: enteroendocrine cell of colon (CL0009042)
    Fold Change: 0.2709
    Cell Significance Index: 51.5600
  • Cell Name: retinal progenitor cell (CL0002672)
    Fold Change: 0.2217
    Cell Significance Index: 12.4400
  • Cell Name: paneth cell of epithelium of small intestine (CL1000343)
    Fold Change: 0.2119
    Cell Significance Index: 4.5900
  • Cell Name: L2/3-6 intratelencephalic projecting glutamatergic neuron (CL4023040)
    Fold Change: 0.1656
    Cell Significance Index: 33.2200
  • Cell Name: intestinal crypt stem cell of small intestine (CL0009017)
    Fold Change: 0.1291
    Cell Significance Index: 2.7500
  • Cell Name: enteroendocrine cell of small intestine (CL0009006)
    Fold Change: 0.1284
    Cell Significance Index: 3.2100
  • Cell Name: acinar cell of salivary gland (CL0002623)
    Fold Change: 0.1216
    Cell Significance Index: 5.6700
  • Cell Name: ciliary muscle cell (CL1000443)
    Fold Change: 0.0601
    Cell Significance Index: 27.2700
  • Cell Name: epithelial cell of stomach (CL0002178)
    Fold Change: 0.0576
    Cell Significance Index: 6.7100
  • Cell Name: hair follicular keratinocyte (CL2000092)
    Fold Change: 0.0570
    Cell Significance Index: 25.1800
  • Cell Name: non-pigmented ciliary epithelial cell (CL0002304)
    Fold Change: 0.0509
    Cell Significance Index: 32.3200
  • Cell Name: cell in vitro (CL0001034)
    Fold Change: 0.0452
    Cell Significance Index: 24.6700
  • Cell Name: enterocyte of epithelium of large intestine (CL0002071)
    Fold Change: 0.0364
    Cell Significance Index: 1.6500
  • Cell Name: lens epithelial cell (CL0002224)
    Fold Change: 0.0281
    Cell Significance Index: 43.2800
  • Cell Name: anterior lens cell (CL0002223)
    Fold Change: 0.0277
    Cell Significance Index: 51.0000
  • Cell Name: small intestine goblet cell (CL1000495)
    Fold Change: 0.0256
    Cell Significance Index: 0.9000
  • Cell Name: pigmented epithelial cell (CL0000529)
    Fold Change: 0.0208
    Cell Significance Index: 39.0800
  • Cell Name: pancreatic acinar cell (CL0002064)
    Fold Change: 0.0207
    Cell Significance Index: 3.5400
  • Cell Name: pulmonary alveolar epithelial cell (CL0000322)
    Fold Change: 0.0189
    Cell Significance Index: 14.3400
  • Cell Name: obsolete caudal ganglionic eminence derived GABAergic cortical interneuron (CL4023070)
    Fold Change: 0.0165
    Cell Significance Index: 5.9400
  • Cell Name: epithelial cell of proximal tubule (CL0002306)
    Fold Change: 0.0157
    Cell Significance Index: 0.1200
  • Cell Name: transit amplifying cell of colon (CL0009011)
    Fold Change: 0.0081
    Cell Significance Index: 0.2600
  • Cell Name: GABAergic interneuron (CL0011005)
    Fold Change: 0.0032
    Cell Significance Index: 2.2000
  • Cell Name: radial glial cell (CL0000681)
    Fold Change: 0.0017
    Cell Significance Index: 0.0100
  • Cell Name: neoplastic cell (CL0001063)
    Fold Change: -0.0094
    Cell Significance Index: -1.8700
  • Cell Name: kidney loop of Henle cortical thick ascending limb epithelial cell (CL1001109)
    Fold Change: -0.0101
    Cell Significance Index: -7.3900
  • Cell Name: secondary lens fiber (CL0002225)
    Fold Change: -0.0110
    Cell Significance Index: -14.9300
  • Cell Name: pancreatic A cell (CL0000171)
    Fold Change: -0.0256
    Cell Significance Index: -18.9700
  • Cell Name: glioblast (CL0000030)
    Fold Change: -0.0287
    Cell Significance Index: -0.1800
  • Cell Name: pancreatic PP cell (CL0002275)
    Fold Change: -0.0333
    Cell Significance Index: -20.7900
  • Cell Name: abnormal cell (CL0001061)
    Fold Change: -0.0353
    Cell Significance Index: -3.6100
  • Cell Name: type B pancreatic cell (CL0000169)
    Fold Change: -0.0377
    Cell Significance Index: -21.2800
  • Cell Name: dopaminergic neuron (CL0000700)
    Fold Change: -0.0400
    Cell Significance Index: -11.5000
  • Cell Name: pigmented ciliary epithelial cell (CL0002303)
    Fold Change: -0.0431
    Cell Significance Index: -6.2700
  • Cell Name: cardiac muscle myoblast (CL0000513)
    Fold Change: -0.0507
    Cell Significance Index: -3.8900
  • Cell Name: stromal cell of ovary (CL0002132)
    Fold Change: -0.0534
    Cell Significance Index: -7.3300
  • Cell Name: intermediate cell of urothelium (CL4030055)
    Fold Change: -0.0582
    Cell Significance Index: -10.4900
  • Cell Name: pancreatic ductal cell (CL0002079)
    Fold Change: -0.0631
    Cell Significance Index: -7.2300
  • Cell Name: skeletal muscle fiber (CL0008002)
    Fold Change: -0.0891
    Cell Significance Index: -2.2900
  • Cell Name: pancreatic D cell (CL0000173)
    Fold Change: -0.1056
    Cell Significance Index: -22.2500
  • Cell Name: basal cell of urothelium (CL1000486)
    Fold Change: -0.1126
    Cell Significance Index: -13.8500
  • Cell Name: cortical thymic epithelial cell (CL0002364)
    Fold Change: -0.1161
    Cell Significance Index: -0.9600
  • Cell Name: lactocyte (CL0002325)
    Fold Change: -0.1175
    Cell Significance Index: -15.1800
  • Cell Name: forebrain neuroblast (CL1000042)
    Fold Change: -0.1280
    Cell Significance Index: -7.8700
  • Cell Name: basal epithelial cell of tracheobronchial tree (CL0002329)
    Fold Change: -0.1344
    Cell Significance Index: -3.7600
  • Cell Name: tonsil germinal center B cell (CL2000006)
    Fold Change: -0.1499
    Cell Significance Index: -17.6800
  • Cell Name: smooth muscle cell of sphincter of pupil (CL0002243)
    Fold Change: -0.1516
    Cell Significance Index: -15.7900
  • Cell Name: intestinal tuft cell (CL0019032)
    Fold Change: -0.1536
    Cell Significance Index: -9.4200
  • Cell Name: progenitor cell of mammary luminal epithelium (CL0009116)
    Fold Change: -0.1724
    Cell Significance Index: -12.8500
  • Cell Name: sebum secreting cell (CL0000317)
    Fold Change: -0.1893
    Cell Significance Index: -13.3900
  • Cell Name: kidney loop of Henle descending limb epithelial cell (CL1001021)
    Fold Change: -0.2011
    Cell Significance Index: -15.9300
  • Cell Name: mesenchymal cell (CL0008019)
    Fold Change: -0.2366
    Cell Significance Index: -3.9600
  • Cell Name: lung endothelial cell (CL1001567)
    Fold Change: -0.2552
    Cell Significance Index: -13.3000
  • Cell Name: astrocyte of the cerebral cortex (CL0002605)
    Fold Change: -0.2620
    Cell Significance Index: -4.5300
  • Cell Name: luminal adaptive secretory precursor cell of mammary gland (CL4033057)
    Fold Change: -0.2699
    Cell Significance Index: -12.6900
  • Cell Name: early pro-B cell (CL0002046)
    Fold Change: -0.2739
    Cell Significance Index: -17.6700
  • Cell Name: hippocampal pyramidal neuron (CL1001571)
    Fold Change: -0.2872
    Cell Significance Index: -8.2000
  • Cell Name: fibroblast of mammary gland (CL0002555)
    Fold Change: -0.2885
    Cell Significance Index: -8.2700
  • Cell Name: bladder urothelial cell (CL1001428)
    Fold Change: -0.2955
    Cell Significance Index: -15.3500
  • Cell Name: basal cell of prostate epithelium (CL0002341)
    Fold Change: -0.3062
    Cell Significance Index: -8.3400
  • Cell Name: fibroblast of cardiac tissue (CL0002548)
    Fold Change: -0.3141
    Cell Significance Index: -4.5100
  • Cell Name: muscle fibroblast (CL1001609)
    Fold Change: -0.3265
    Cell Significance Index: -2.0000
  • Cell Name: hippocampal astrocyte (CL0002604)
    Fold Change: -0.3333
    Cell Significance Index: -4.6600
  • Cell Name: indirect pathway medium spiny neuron (CL4023029)
    Fold Change: -0.3382
    Cell Significance Index: -14.9600
  • Cell Name: granulosa cell (CL0000501)
    Fold Change: -0.3438
    Cell Significance Index: -9.0400
  • Cell Name: type I muscle cell (CL0002211)
    Fold Change: -0.3514
    Cell Significance Index: -8.5800
  • Cell Name: neural progenitor cell (CL0011020)
    Fold Change: -0.3537
    Cell Significance Index: -3.5000
  • Cell Name: forebrain radial glial cell (CL0013000)
    Fold Change: -0.3597
    Cell Significance Index: -2.6200
  • Cell Name: L5 extratelencephalic projecting glutamatergic cortical neuron (CL4023041)
    Fold Change: -0.3688
    Cell Significance Index: -12.9200
  • Cell Name: glycinergic neuron (CL1001509)
    Fold Change: -0.3764
    Cell Significance Index: -19.7600
  • Cell Name: BEST4+ enteroycte (CL4030026)
    Fold Change: -0.4021
    Cell Significance Index: -6.0600
  • Cell Name: fibro/adipogenic progenitor cell (CL0009099)
    Fold Change: -0.4046
    Cell Significance Index: -20.4400
  • Cell Name: direct pathway medium spiny neuron (CL4023026)
    Fold Change: -0.4217
    Cell Significance Index: -15.9700
  • Cell Name: kidney epithelial cell (CL0002518)
    Fold Change: -0.4437
    Cell Significance Index: -13.0700
  • Cell Name: L6b glutamatergic cortical neuron (CL4023038)
    Fold Change: -0.4475
    Cell Significance Index: -14.6500
  • Cell Name: mesonephric nephron tubule epithelial cell (CL1000022)
    Fold Change: -0.4528
    Cell Significance Index: -15.7400
  • Cell Name: stratified epithelial cell (CL0000079)
    Fold Change: -0.4762
    Cell Significance Index: -17.4800
  • Cell Name: corticothalamic-projecting glutamatergic cortical neuron (CL4023013)
    Fold Change: -0.5039
    Cell Significance Index: -16.0500
  • Cell Name: cerebellar granule cell (CL0001031)
    Fold Change: -0.5147
    Cell Significance Index: -8.8200
  • Cell Name: kidney loop of Henle thick ascending limb epithelial cell (CL1001106)
    Fold Change: -0.5337
    Cell Significance Index: -4.8100
  • Cell Name: astrocyte (CL0000127)
    Fold Change: -0.5374
    Cell Significance Index: -6.1500
  • Cell Name: mesodermal cell (CL0000222)
    Fold Change: -0.5399
    Cell Significance Index: -3.3800
  • Cell Name: paneth cell of colon (CL0009009)
    Fold Change: -0.5439
    Cell Significance Index: -8.1500

Cell ID: Standard Cell Ontology term used for mapping and comparing cells across experiments. Ensures consistency in analyzing cellular functions across tissues.
Fold Change: Represents the ratio of the current Cell Significance Index to the Cell Significance Index Threshold, indicating how much the gene expression has changed compared to a baseline.
Cell Significance Index: Reflects how strongly a gene is expressed in this specific cell.

Cell ID: Standard Cell Ontology term used for mapping and comparing cells across experiments. Ensures consistency in analyzing cellular functions across tissues.
Fold Change: Represents the ratio of the current Cell Significance Index to the Cell Significance Index Threshold, indicating how much the gene expression has changed compared to a baseline.
Cell Significance Index: Reflects how strongly a gene is expressed in this cell type. Calculated using techniques like effect size estimation and bootstrapping for reliability.

Cell ID: Standard Cell Ontology term used for mapping and comparing cells across experiments. Ensures consistency in analyzing cellular functions across tissues.
Fold Change: Represents the ratio of the current Cell Significance Index to the Cell Significance Index Threshold, indicating how much the gene expression has changed compared to a baseline.
Cell Significance Index: Reflects how strongly a gene is expressed in this cell type. Calculated using techniques like effect size estimation and bootstrapping for reliability.

Other Information

**Key Characteristics:** 1. **Glycosaminoglycan (GAG) metabolism:** GPC4 is involved in the synthesis and degradation of GAGs, which are essential components of the extracellular matrix. The gene's product, glypican-4, is a heparan sulfate proteoglycan that interacts with various growth factors and signaling molecules. 2. **Cell surface and attachment:** GPC4 is a transmembrane glycoprotein that regulates cell surface attachment and migration, particularly in the context of cancer and embryonic development. 3. **Signaling pathways:** GPC4 is implicated in various signaling pathways, including the Wnt/β-catenin pathway, which regulates cell proliferation, differentiation, and survival. 4. **Cell surface binding:** GPC4 interacts with a range of cell surface molecules, including growth factors, receptors, and adhesion molecules, influencing cell-cell interactions and tissue organization. **Pathways and Functions:** 1. **Heparan sulfate/heparin (hs-gag) metabolism:** GPC4 is involved in the synthesis and degradation of heparan sulfate, a critical component of the extracellular matrix. 2. **Wnt/β-catenin pathway:** GPC4 modulates the Wnt/β-catenin pathway, which regulates cell proliferation, differentiation, and survival in various tissues. 3. **Cell migration and invasion:** GPC4 is involved in regulating cell migration and invasion, particularly in the context of cancer and embryonic development. 4. **Golgi lumen and lysosomal lumen:** GPC4 is also present in the Golgi lumen and lysosomal lumen, where it interacts with enzymes and other proteins involved in glycosylation and degradation processes. **Clinical Significance:** 1. **Cancer:** Abnormal expression of GPC4 has been linked to various types of cancer, including breast, lung, and colon cancer, where it may contribute to tumor progression and metastasis. 2. **Progeroid syndromes:** Defects in GPC4 have been associated with progeroid syndromes, such as Edwards syndrome and Edwards syndrome-like syndrome, which are characterized by premature aging and developmental abnormalities. 3. **Infectious diseases:** GPC4 is also involved in the regulation of viral entry and replication, particularly in the context of respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) and SARS-CoV-2. 4. **Neurological disorders:** Abnormal expression of GPC4 has been linked to various neurological disorders, including Alzheimer's disease and Parkinson's disease, where it may contribute to disease pathology and progression. In conclusion, Glypican 4 is a multifunctional gene that plays a critical role in glycosaminoglycan metabolism, cell migration, and signaling pathways. Its significance extends to various diseases, including cancer, progeroid syndromes, infectious diseases, and neurological disorders. Further research is needed to fully elucidate the mechanisms by which GPC4 influences disease processes and to develop targeted therapeutic strategies.

Genular Protein ID: 2196732389

Symbol: GPC4_HUMAN

Name: Glypican-4

UniProtKB Accession Codes:

O75487 B2R6J7 B4E2C0 Q6ZMA6 Q96L43 Q9NU08 Q9UJN1 Q9UPD9

Database IDs:

AGR 1 AlphaFoldDB 1 Antibodypedia 1 Bgee 1 BioGRID 1 BioGRID-ORCS 1 BioMuta 1 CCDS 1 CTD 1 ChiTaRS 1 DNASU 1 DisGeNET 1 EMBL 10 Ensembl 1 GO 17 GeneCards 1 GeneTree 1 GeneWiki 1 GenomeRNAi 1 GlyCosmos 1 GlyGen 1 HGNC 1 HOGENOM 1 HPA 1 InParanoid 1 IntAct 1 InterPro 2 KEGG 1 MANE-Select 1 MIM 3 MINT 1 MalaCards 1 MassIVE 1 NCBI Taxonomy 1 OMA 1 OpenTargets 1 Orphanet 2 OrthoDB 1 PANTHER 2 PRO 1 PROSITE 1 PathwayCommons 1 PaxDb 1 PeptideAtlas 1 Pfam 1 PharmGKB 1 Pharos 1 PhosphoSitePlus 1 PhylomeDB 1 Proteomes 1 ProteomicsDB 2 Pumba 1 RNAct 1 Reactome 12 RefSeq 1 SIGNOR 1 SMR 1 STRING 1 SignaLink 1 SwissPalm 1 TreeFam 1 UCSC 1 VEuPathDB 1 eggNOG 1 iPTMnet 1 jPOST 1 neXtProt 1

Citations:

PubMed ID: 9787072

Title: GPC4, the gene for human K-glypican, flanks GPC3 on Xq26: deletion of the GPC3-GPC4 gene cluster in one family with Simpson-Golabi-Behmel syndrome.

PubMed ID: 9787072

DOI: 10.1006/geno.1998.5465

PubMed ID: 12975309

Title: The secreted protein discovery initiative (SPDI), a large-scale effort to identify novel human secreted and transmembrane proteins: a bioinformatics assessment.

PubMed ID: 12975309

DOI: 10.1101/gr.1293003

PubMed ID: 14702039

Title: Complete sequencing and characterization of 21,243 full-length human cDNAs.

PubMed ID: 14702039

DOI: 10.1038/ng1285

PubMed ID: 15772651

Title: The DNA sequence of the human X chromosome.

PubMed ID: 15772651

DOI: 10.1038/nature03440

PubMed ID: 15489334

Title: The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC).

PubMed ID: 15489334

DOI: 10.1101/gr.2596504

PubMed ID: 21406692

Title: System-wide temporal characterization of the proteome and phosphoproteome of human embryonic stem cell differentiation.

PubMed ID: 21406692

DOI: 10.1126/scisignal.2001570

PubMed ID: 10814714

Title: Mutational analysis of the GPC3/GPC4 glypican gene cluster on Xq26 in patients with Simpson-Golabi-Behmel syndrome: identification of loss-of-function mutations in the GPC3 gene.

PubMed ID: 10814714

DOI: 10.1093/hmg/9.9.1321

PubMed ID: 29276006

Title: WNT signaling perturbations underlie the genetic heterogeneity of Robinow syndrome.

PubMed ID: 29276006

DOI: 10.1016/j.ajhg.2017.10.002

PubMed ID: 30982611

Title: Pathogenic variants in GPC4 cause Keipert Syndrome.

PubMed ID: 30982611

DOI: 10.1016/j.ajhg.2019.02.026

Sequence Information:

  • Length: 556
  • Mass: 62412
  • Checksum: 827E07FAA0BD8188
  • Sequence:
    • MARFGLPALL CTLAVLSAAL LAAELKSKSC SEVRRLYVSK GFNKNDAPLH EINGDHLKIC 
PQGSTCCSQE MEEKYSLQSK DDFKSVVSEQ CNHLQAVFAS RYKKFDEFFK ELLENAEKSL 
NDMFVKTYGH LYMQNSELFK DLFVELKRYY VVGNVNLEEM LNDFWARLLE RMFRLVNSQY 
HFTDEYLECV SKYTEQLKPF GDVPRKLKLQ VTRAFVAART FAQGLAVAGD VVSKVSVVNP 
TAQCTHALLK MIYCSHCRGL VTVKPCYNYC SNIMRGCLAN QGDLDFEWNN FIDAMLMVAE 
RLEGPFNIES VMDPIDVKIS DAIMNMQDNS VQVSQKVFQG CGPPKPLPAG RISRSISESA 
FSARFRPHHP EERPTTAAGT SLDRLVTDVK EKLKQAKKFW SSLPSNVCND ERMAAGNGNE 
DDCWNGKGKS RYLFAVTGNG LANQGNNPEV QVDTSKPDIL ILRQIMALRV MTSKMKNAYN 
GNDVDFFDIS DESSGEGSGS GCEYQQCPSE FDYNATDHAG KSANEKADSA GVRPGAQAYL 
LTVFCILFLV MQREWR

Database document:

This is a preview of the gene's schema. Only a few entries are kept for 'singleCellExpressions,' 'mRNAExpressions,' and other large data arrays for visualization purposes. You can zoom in with the mouse wheel for a closer view, and the text will adjust automatically if necessary. For the full schema, download it here.