Details for: EML4

Gene ID: 27436

Symbol: EML4

Ensembl ID: ENSG00000143924

Description: EMAP like 4

Associated with

Cells (max top 100)

(Cell Significance Index and respective Thresholds are uniquely calculated using our advanced thresholding algorithms to reveal cell-specific gene markers)

  • Cell Name: polychromatophilic erythroblast (CL0000550)
    Fold Change: 385.9971
    Cell Significance Index: -60.0400
  • Cell Name: hematopoietic oligopotent progenitor cell (CL0002032)
    Fold Change: 233.0437
    Cell Significance Index: -59.1100
  • Cell Name: mucosal type mast cell (CL0000485)
    Fold Change: 148.8220
    Cell Significance Index: -60.4600
  • Cell Name: smooth muscle fiber of ileum (CL1000278)
    Fold Change: 139.4447
    Cell Significance Index: -65.8400
  • Cell Name: peripheral blood mononuclear cell (CL2000001)
    Fold Change: 127.9488
    Cell Significance Index: -65.8200
  • Cell Name: ileal goblet cell (CL1000326)
    Fold Change: 98.0072
    Cell Significance Index: -65.7700
  • Cell Name: ciliated cell of the bronchus (CL0002332)
    Fold Change: 63.8915
    Cell Significance Index: -61.0000
  • Cell Name: orthochromatic erythroblast (CL0000552)
    Fold Change: 49.3692
    Cell Significance Index: -60.8700
  • Cell Name: CD8-alpha-beta-positive, alpha-beta intraepithelial T cell (CL0000796)
    Fold Change: 22.0056
    Cell Significance Index: -58.9500
  • Cell Name: CD8-positive, alpha-beta regulatory T cell (CL0000795)
    Fold Change: 17.3061
    Cell Significance Index: -53.1600
  • Cell Name: stromal cell of bone marrow (CL0010001)
    Fold Change: 15.4686
    Cell Significance Index: -61.0400
  • Cell Name: epidermal Langerhans cell (CL0002457)
    Fold Change: 14.5071
    Cell Significance Index: -31.7500
  • Cell Name: placental villous trophoblast (CL2000060)
    Fold Change: 7.2539
    Cell Significance Index: 193.6900
  • Cell Name: neoplastic cell (CL0001063)
    Fold Change: 4.1956
    Cell Significance Index: 832.6400
  • Cell Name: microfold cell of epithelium of small intestine (CL1000353)
    Fold Change: 4.1159
    Cell Significance Index: 284.6400
  • Cell Name: leptomeningeal cell (CL0000708)
    Fold Change: 3.3158
    Cell Significance Index: 70.8800
  • Cell Name: retinal progenitor cell (CL0002672)
    Fold Change: 2.9217
    Cell Significance Index: 163.9500
  • Cell Name: intestinal crypt stem cell of colon (CL0009043)
    Fold Change: 2.2596
    Cell Significance Index: 245.7800
  • Cell Name: centrilobular region hepatocyte (CL0019029)
    Fold Change: 1.8923
    Cell Significance Index: 31.8800
  • Cell Name: L2/3-6 intratelencephalic projecting glutamatergic neuron (CL4023040)
    Fold Change: 1.6907
    Cell Significance Index: 339.1600
  • Cell Name: enterocyte of epithelium of small intestine (CL1000334)
    Fold Change: 1.5690
    Cell Significance Index: 45.2100
  • Cell Name: intermediate cell of urothelium (CL4030055)
    Fold Change: 1.3664
    Cell Significance Index: 246.3200
  • Cell Name: CD4-positive, alpha-beta memory T cell, CD45RO-positive (CL0001204)
    Fold Change: 1.2387
    Cell Significance Index: 36.3800
  • Cell Name: indirect pathway medium spiny neuron (CL4023029)
    Fold Change: 1.2278
    Cell Significance Index: 54.3100
  • Cell Name: fibroblast of dermis (CL0002551)
    Fold Change: 1.2044
    Cell Significance Index: 25.2100
  • Cell Name: basal epithelial cell of tracheobronchial tree (CL0002329)
    Fold Change: 1.0960
    Cell Significance Index: 30.6300
  • Cell Name: basal cell of urothelium (CL1000486)
    Fold Change: 1.0915
    Cell Significance Index: 134.2100
  • Cell Name: direct pathway medium spiny neuron (CL4023026)
    Fold Change: 1.0761
    Cell Significance Index: 40.7500
  • Cell Name: cortical cell of adrenal gland (CL0002097)
    Fold Change: 0.9565
    Cell Significance Index: 25.6300
  • Cell Name: bladder urothelial cell (CL1001428)
    Fold Change: 0.8522
    Cell Significance Index: 44.2700
  • Cell Name: obsolete caudal ganglionic eminence derived GABAergic cortical interneuron (CL4023070)
    Fold Change: 0.8486
    Cell Significance Index: 304.3700
  • Cell Name: enterocyte of epithelium of large intestine (CL0002071)
    Fold Change: 0.7362
    Cell Significance Index: 33.3700
  • Cell Name: pigmented epithelial cell (CL0000529)
    Fold Change: 0.6819
    Cell Significance Index: 1284.0100
  • Cell Name: GABAergic interneuron (CL0011005)
    Fold Change: 0.6604
    Cell Significance Index: 456.7800
  • Cell Name: paneth cell of epithelium of small intestine (CL1000343)
    Fold Change: 0.6169
    Cell Significance Index: 13.3700
  • Cell Name: cell in vitro (CL0001034)
    Fold Change: 0.6132
    Cell Significance Index: 334.9000
  • Cell Name: odontoblast (CL0000060)
    Fold Change: 0.5598
    Cell Significance Index: 71.7600
  • Cell Name: hair follicular keratinocyte (CL2000092)
    Fold Change: 0.4425
    Cell Significance Index: 195.6400
  • Cell Name: non-pigmented ciliary epithelial cell (CL0002304)
    Fold Change: 0.4313
    Cell Significance Index: 273.9200
  • Cell Name: ciliary muscle cell (CL1000443)
    Fold Change: 0.4305
    Cell Significance Index: 195.3900
  • Cell Name: stromal cell of ovary (CL0002132)
    Fold Change: 0.4016
    Cell Significance Index: 55.1600
  • Cell Name: acinar cell of salivary gland (CL0002623)
    Fold Change: 0.3783
    Cell Significance Index: 17.6400
  • Cell Name: lens epithelial cell (CL0002224)
    Fold Change: 0.3518
    Cell Significance Index: 541.5500
  • Cell Name: tuft cell of colon (CL0009041)
    Fold Change: 0.2911
    Cell Significance Index: 262.8200
  • Cell Name: secondary lens fiber (CL0002225)
    Fold Change: 0.2785
    Cell Significance Index: 378.7200
  • Cell Name: cardiac muscle myoblast (CL0000513)
    Fold Change: 0.2671
    Cell Significance Index: 20.5000
  • Cell Name: pancreatic acinar cell (CL0002064)
    Fold Change: 0.2644
    Cell Significance Index: 45.1400
  • Cell Name: anterior lens cell (CL0002223)
    Fold Change: 0.2626
    Cell Significance Index: 484.3800
  • Cell Name: enteroendocrine cell of colon (CL0009042)
    Fold Change: 0.2379
    Cell Significance Index: 45.2800
  • Cell Name: luminal adaptive secretory precursor cell of mammary gland (CL4033057)
    Fold Change: 0.2333
    Cell Significance Index: 10.9700
  • Cell Name: colon goblet cell (CL0009039)
    Fold Change: 0.2055
    Cell Significance Index: 20.3300
  • Cell Name: tonsil germinal center B cell (CL2000006)
    Fold Change: 0.1923
    Cell Significance Index: 22.6800
  • Cell Name: mesonephric nephron tubule epithelial cell (CL1000022)
    Fold Change: 0.1845
    Cell Significance Index: 6.4100
  • Cell Name: preadipocyte (CL0002334)
    Fold Change: 0.1368
    Cell Significance Index: 2.6700
  • Cell Name: hippocampal granule cell (CL0001033)
    Fold Change: 0.0990
    Cell Significance Index: 6.6600
  • Cell Name: forebrain neuroblast (CL1000042)
    Fold Change: 0.0384
    Cell Significance Index: 2.3600
  • Cell Name: lactocyte (CL0002325)
    Fold Change: 0.0365
    Cell Significance Index: 4.7100
  • Cell Name: smooth muscle cell of sphincter of pupil (CL0002243)
    Fold Change: -0.0036
    Cell Significance Index: -0.3700
  • Cell Name: pulmonary alveolar epithelial cell (CL0000322)
    Fold Change: -0.0133
    Cell Significance Index: -10.0900
  • Cell Name: pancreatic PP cell (CL0002275)
    Fold Change: -0.0335
    Cell Significance Index: -20.9500
  • Cell Name: pigmented ciliary epithelial cell (CL0002303)
    Fold Change: -0.0363
    Cell Significance Index: -5.2700
  • Cell Name: pancreatic A cell (CL0000171)
    Fold Change: -0.0400
    Cell Significance Index: -29.6300
  • Cell Name: kidney loop of Henle cortical thick ascending limb epithelial cell (CL1001109)
    Fold Change: -0.0595
    Cell Significance Index: -43.6400
  • Cell Name: umbrella cell of urothelium (CL4030056)
    Fold Change: -0.0782
    Cell Significance Index: -0.7200
  • Cell Name: type B pancreatic cell (CL0000169)
    Fold Change: -0.0912
    Cell Significance Index: -51.4100
  • Cell Name: epithelial cell of small intestine (CL0002254)
    Fold Change: -0.0993
    Cell Significance Index: -16.1600
  • Cell Name: small intestine goblet cell (CL1000495)
    Fold Change: -0.1585
    Cell Significance Index: -5.5700
  • Cell Name: abnormal cell (CL0001061)
    Fold Change: -0.1706
    Cell Significance Index: -17.4300
  • Cell Name: pancreatic D cell (CL0000173)
    Fold Change: -0.1892
    Cell Significance Index: -39.8400
  • Cell Name: dopaminergic neuron (CL0000700)
    Fold Change: -0.1934
    Cell Significance Index: -55.6400
  • Cell Name: hippocampal pyramidal neuron (CL1001571)
    Fold Change: -0.2628
    Cell Significance Index: -7.5000
  • Cell Name: pancreatic ductal cell (CL0002079)
    Fold Change: -0.2633
    Cell Significance Index: -30.1700
  • Cell Name: sebum secreting cell (CL0000317)
    Fold Change: -0.2838
    Cell Significance Index: -20.0700
  • Cell Name: photoreceptor cell (CL0000210)
    Fold Change: -0.3225
    Cell Significance Index: -4.5300
  • Cell Name: basal cell of prostate epithelium (CL0002341)
    Fold Change: -0.3448
    Cell Significance Index: -9.3900
  • Cell Name: granulosa cell (CL0000501)
    Fold Change: -0.3875
    Cell Significance Index: -10.1900
  • Cell Name: mesenchymal cell (CL0008019)
    Fold Change: -0.3971
    Cell Significance Index: -6.6500
  • Cell Name: pancreatic endocrine cell (CL0008024)
    Fold Change: -0.4027
    Cell Significance Index: -45.9700
  • Cell Name: epithelial cell of stomach (CL0002178)
    Fold Change: -0.4078
    Cell Significance Index: -47.5300
  • Cell Name: progenitor cell of mammary luminal epithelium (CL0009116)
    Fold Change: -0.4453
    Cell Significance Index: -33.1900
  • Cell Name: tuft cell of small intestine (CL0009080)
    Fold Change: -0.5080
    Cell Significance Index: -5.1300
  • Cell Name: transit amplifying cell of colon (CL0009011)
    Fold Change: -0.5145
    Cell Significance Index: -16.4800
  • Cell Name: conjunctival epithelial cell (CL1000432)
    Fold Change: -0.5299
    Cell Significance Index: -7.2300
  • Cell Name: lung endothelial cell (CL1001567)
    Fold Change: -0.5404
    Cell Significance Index: -28.1500
  • Cell Name: periportal region hepatocyte (CL0019026)
    Fold Change: -0.5535
    Cell Significance Index: -8.1700
  • Cell Name: cardiac endothelial cell (CL0010008)
    Fold Change: -0.5590
    Cell Significance Index: -8.0400
  • Cell Name: early pro-B cell (CL0002046)
    Fold Change: -0.5964
    Cell Significance Index: -38.4800
  • Cell Name: eye photoreceptor cell (CL0000287)
    Fold Change: -0.7348
    Cell Significance Index: -46.3100
  • Cell Name: kidney loop of Henle descending limb epithelial cell (CL1001021)
    Fold Change: -0.7727
    Cell Significance Index: -61.2000
  • Cell Name: glycinergic neuron (CL1001509)
    Fold Change: -0.7891
    Cell Significance Index: -41.4300
  • Cell Name: intestinal tuft cell (CL0019032)
    Fold Change: -0.8188
    Cell Significance Index: -50.2000
  • Cell Name: corneal endothelial cell (CL0000132)
    Fold Change: -0.8913
    Cell Significance Index: -13.5600
  • Cell Name: skeletal muscle fiber (CL0008002)
    Fold Change: -0.9481
    Cell Significance Index: -24.3700
  • Cell Name: enteroendocrine cell of small intestine (CL0009006)
    Fold Change: -0.9497
    Cell Significance Index: -23.7400
  • Cell Name: intestinal crypt stem cell of small intestine (CL0009017)
    Fold Change: -0.9846
    Cell Significance Index: -20.9700
  • Cell Name: retinal rod cell (CL0000604)
    Fold Change: -1.0553
    Cell Significance Index: -12.5800
  • Cell Name: cerebellar granule cell (CL0001031)
    Fold Change: -1.0894
    Cell Significance Index: -18.6700
  • Cell Name: fibro/adipogenic progenitor cell (CL0009099)
    Fold Change: -1.0917
    Cell Significance Index: -55.1700
  • Cell Name: fibroblast of mammary gland (CL0002555)
    Fold Change: -1.1046
    Cell Significance Index: -31.6700
  • Cell Name: L6b glutamatergic cortical neuron (CL4023038)
    Fold Change: -1.1164
    Cell Significance Index: -36.5500

Cell ID: Standard Cell Ontology term used for mapping and comparing cells across experiments. Ensures consistency in analyzing cellular functions across tissues.
Fold Change: Represents the ratio of the current Cell Significance Index to the Cell Significance Index Threshold, indicating how much the gene expression has changed compared to a baseline.
Cell Significance Index: Reflects how strongly a gene is expressed in this specific cell.

Cell ID: Standard Cell Ontology term used for mapping and comparing cells across experiments. Ensures consistency in analyzing cellular functions across tissues.
Fold Change: Represents the ratio of the current Cell Significance Index to the Cell Significance Index Threshold, indicating how much the gene expression has changed compared to a baseline.
Cell Significance Index: Reflects how strongly a gene is expressed in this cell type. Calculated using techniques like effect size estimation and bootstrapping for reliability.

Cell ID: Standard Cell Ontology term used for mapping and comparing cells across experiments. Ensures consistency in analyzing cellular functions across tissues.
Fold Change: Represents the ratio of the current Cell Significance Index to the Cell Significance Index Threshold, indicating how much the gene expression has changed compared to a baseline.
Cell Significance Index: Reflects how strongly a gene is expressed in this cell type. Calculated using techniques like effect size estimation and bootstrapping for reliability.

Other Information

**Key Characteristics:** 1. **EMAL4 is a microtubule-associated protein**: EML4 belongs to the echinoderm microtubule-associated protein (EMAP) family, which is involved in microtubule dynamics and organization. 2. **Expression in various cell types**: EML4 is expressed in a wide range of cell types, including photoreceptor cells, syncytiotrophoblast cells, and hepatoblasts, highlighting its potential role in different tissues and organs. 3. **Association with ALK mutations**: EML4 is often co-amplified with ALK mutations in various cancers, suggesting a potential link between the two genes. **Pathways and Functions:** 1. **Mitotic spindle formation**: EML4 is involved in the formation and organization of the mitotic spindle, a critical structure required for accurate chromosome separation during cell division. 2. **Microtubule binding**: EML4 binds to microtubules, influencing their dynamics and organization, which is essential for cell division. 3. **Signaling by ALK fusions and activated point mutants**: EML4 is involved in the signaling pathways activated by ALK fusions and activated point mutants, which are commonly found in cancer cells. 4. **Cell cycle regulation**: EML4 regulates the cell cycle, particularly during the mitotic phase, ensuring accurate chromosome segregation and preventing aneuploidy. **Clinical Significance:** 1. **Cancer diagnosis and prognosis**: EML4 expression can serve as a diagnostic marker for certain types of cancer, such as non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and anaplastic large cell lymphoma (ALCL). 2. **Targeting ALK mutations**: EML4's association with ALK mutations makes it a potential target for therapeutic interventions, such as ALK inhibitors, which have shown efficacy in treating ALK-positive cancers. 3. **Understanding cancer biology**: The study of EML4's role in cancer highlights the importance of microtubule dynamics and organization in the development and progression of cancer. In conclusion, EML4 is a critical gene involved in cell division and the formation of the mitotic spindle, with significant implications for cancer research and diagnosis. Further studies on EML4's role in cancer biology will provide valuable insights into the development of novel therapeutic strategies and improve our understanding of this complex disease.

Genular Protein ID: 1480966148

Symbol: EMAL4_HUMAN

Name: Echinoderm microtubule-associated protein-like 4

UniProtKB Accession Codes:

Database IDs:

Citations:

PubMed ID: 10995578

Title: Cloning and localization of C2orf2(ropp120), a previously unknown WD repeat protein.

PubMed ID: 10995578

DOI: 10.1006/geno.2000.6301

PubMed ID: 14702039

Title: Complete sequencing and characterization of 21,243 full-length human cDNAs.

PubMed ID: 14702039

DOI: 10.1038/ng1285

PubMed ID: 15815621

Title: Generation and annotation of the DNA sequences of human chromosomes 2 and 4.

PubMed ID: 15815621

DOI: 10.1038/nature03466

PubMed ID: 15489334

Title: The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC).

PubMed ID: 15489334

DOI: 10.1101/gr.2596504

PubMed ID: 17625570

Title: Identification of the transforming EML4-ALK fusion gene in non-small-cell lung cancer.

PubMed ID: 17625570

DOI: 10.1038/nature05945

PubMed ID: 15592455

Title: Immunoaffinity profiling of tyrosine phosphorylation in cancer cells.

PubMed ID: 15592455

DOI: 10.1038/nbt1046

PubMed ID: 16890222

Title: Human EML4, a novel member of the EMAP family, is essential for microtubule formation.

PubMed ID: 16890222

DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2006.06.035

PubMed ID: 18669648

Title: A quantitative atlas of mitotic phosphorylation.

PubMed ID: 18669648

DOI: 10.1073/pnas.0805139105

PubMed ID: 19413330

Title: Lys-N and trypsin cover complementary parts of the phosphoproteome in a refined SCX-based approach.

PubMed ID: 19413330

DOI: 10.1021/ac9004309

PubMed ID: 19690332

Title: Quantitative phosphoproteomic analysis of T cell receptor signaling reveals system-wide modulation of protein-protein interactions.

PubMed ID: 19690332

DOI: 10.1126/scisignal.2000007

PubMed ID: 20068231

Title: Quantitative phosphoproteomics reveals widespread full phosphorylation site occupancy during mitosis.

PubMed ID: 20068231

DOI: 10.1126/scisignal.2000475

PubMed ID: 21269460

Title: Initial characterization of the human central proteome.

PubMed ID: 21269460

DOI: 10.1186/1752-0509-5-17

PubMed ID: 21406692

Title: System-wide temporal characterization of the proteome and phosphoproteome of human embryonic stem cell differentiation.

PubMed ID: 21406692

DOI: 10.1126/scisignal.2001570

PubMed ID: 22814378

Title: N-terminal acetylome analyses and functional insights of the N-terminal acetyltransferase NatB.

PubMed ID: 22814378

DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1210303109

PubMed ID: 23186163

Title: Toward a comprehensive characterization of a human cancer cell phosphoproteome.

PubMed ID: 23186163

DOI: 10.1021/pr300630k

PubMed ID: 24275569

Title: An enzyme assisted RP-RPLC approach for in-depth analysis of human liver phosphoproteome.

PubMed ID: 24275569

DOI: 10.1016/j.jprot.2013.11.014

PubMed ID: 25789526

Title: EML4 promotes the loading of NUDC to the spindle for mitotic progression.

PubMed ID: 25789526

DOI: 10.1080/15384101.2015.1026514

PubMed ID: 31409757

Title: Mitotic phosphorylation by NEK6 and NEK7 reduces the microtubule affinity of EML4 to promote chromosome congression.

PubMed ID: 31409757

DOI: 10.1126/scisignal.aaw2939

PubMed ID: 25740311

Title: Microtubule association of EML proteins and the EML4-ALK variant 3 oncoprotein require an N-terminal trimerization domain.

PubMed ID: 25740311

DOI: 10.1042/bj20150039

Sequence Information:

  • Length: 981
  • Mass: 108916
  • Checksum: 7E8F2585747736B9
  • Sequence:
  • MDGFAGSLDD SISAASTSDV QDRLSALESR VQQQEDEITV LKAALADVLR RLAISEDHVA 
    SVKKSVSSKG QPSPRAVIPM SCITNGSGAN RKPSHTSAVS IAGKETLSSA AKSGTEKKKE 
    KPQGQREKKE ESHSNDQSPQ IRASPSPQPS SQPLQIHRQT PESKNATPTK SIKRPSPAEK 
    SHNSWENSDD SRNKLSKIPS TPKLIPKVTK TADKHKDVII NQEGEYIKMF MRGRPITMFI 
    PSDVDNYDDI RTELPPEKLK LEWAYGYRGK DCRANVYLLP TGKIVYFIAS VVVLFNYEER 
    TQRHYLGHTD CVKCLAIHPD KIRIATGQIA GVDKDGRPLQ PHVRVWDSVT LSTLQIIGLG 
    TFERGVGCLD FSKADSGVHL CIIDDSNEHM LTVWDWQKKA KGAEIKTTNE VVLAVEFHPT 
    DANTIITCGK SHIFFWTWSG NSLTRKQGIF GKYEKPKFVQ CLAFLGNGDV LTGDSGGVML 
    IWSKTTVEPT PGKGPKGVYQ ISKQIKAHDG SVFTLCQMRN GMLLTGGGKD RKIILWDHDL 
    NPEREIEVPD QYGTIRAVAE GKADQFLVGT SRNFILRGTF NDGFQIEVQG HTDELWGLAT 
    HPFKDLLLTC AQDRQVCLWN SMEHRLEWTR LVDEPGHCAD FHPSGTVVAI GTHSGRWFVL 
    DAETRDLVSI HTDGNEQLSV MRYSIDGTFL AVGSHDNFIY LYVVSENGRK YSRYGRCTGH 
    SSYITHLDWS PDNKYIMSNS GDYEILYWDI PNGCKLIRNR SDCKDIDWTT YTCVLGFQVF 
    GVWPEGSDGT DINALVRSHN RKVIAVADDF CKVHLFQYPC SKAKAPSHKY SAHSSHVTNV 
    SFTHNDSHLI STGGKDMSII QWKLVEKLSL PQNETVADTT LTKAPVSSTE SVIQSNTPTP 
    PPSQPLNETA EEESRISSSP TLLENSLEQT VEPSEDHSEE ESEEGSGDLG EPLYEEPCNE 
    ISKEQAKATL LEDQQDPSPS S

Database document:

This is a preview of the gene's schema. Only a few entries are kept for 'singleCellExpressions,' 'mRNAExpressions,' and other large data arrays for visualization purposes. You can zoom in with the mouse wheel for a closer view, and the text will adjust automatically if necessary. For the full schema, download it here.