Details for: GLS

Gene ID: 2744

Symbol: GLS

Ensembl ID: ENSG00000115419

Description: glutaminase

Associated with

Cells (max top 100)

(Marker Score score is uniquely calculated using our advanced thresholding algorithms to reveal cell-specific gene markers)

  • Cell Name: renal principal cell (CL0005009)
    Fold Change: 3.27
    Marker Score: 2522
  • Cell Name: kidney collecting duct principal cell (CL1001431)
    Fold Change: 3.21
    Marker Score: 8088
  • Cell Name: kidney interstitial fibroblast (CL1000692)
    Fold Change: 3.18
    Marker Score: 6121.5
  • Cell Name: ciliary muscle cell (CL1000443)
    Fold Change: 3.05
    Marker Score: 6693
  • Cell Name: corneal endothelial cell (CL0000132)
    Fold Change: 3.02
    Marker Score: 1759
  • Cell Name: epithelial cell of proximal tubule (CL0002306)
    Fold Change: 2.94
    Marker Score: 10449
  • Cell Name: renal interstitial pericyte (CL1001318)
    Fold Change: 2.68
    Marker Score: 2555
  • Cell Name: kidney loop of Henle thin ascending limb epithelial cell (CL1001107)
    Fold Change: 2.63
    Marker Score: 2671
  • Cell Name: kidney connecting tubule epithelial cell (CL1000768)
    Fold Change: 2.62
    Marker Score: 3711
  • Cell Name: pigmented epithelial cell (CL0000529)
    Fold Change: 2.56
    Marker Score: 10711
  • Cell Name: sncg GABAergic cortical interneuron (CL4023015)
    Fold Change: 2.54
    Marker Score: 19506
  • Cell Name: secondary lens fiber (CL0002225)
    Fold Change: 2.5
    Marker Score: 1462
  • Cell Name: kidney distal convoluted tubule epithelial cell (CL1000849)
    Fold Change: 2.5
    Marker Score: 2647
  • Cell Name: sst GABAergic cortical interneuron (CL4023017)
    Fold Change: 2.5
    Marker Score: 49639
  • Cell Name: non-pigmented ciliary epithelial cell (CL0002304)
    Fold Change: 2.49
    Marker Score: 728
  • Cell Name: corneal epithelial cell (CL0000575)
    Fold Change: 2.47
    Marker Score: 2729
  • Cell Name: lens epithelial cell (CL0002224)
    Fold Change: 2.45
    Marker Score: 2965
  • Cell Name: lamp5 GABAergic cortical interneuron (CL4023011)
    Fold Change: 2.42
    Marker Score: 36227
  • Cell Name: vip GABAergic cortical interneuron (CL4023016)
    Fold Change: 2.41
    Marker Score: 91361
  • Cell Name: lactocyte (CL0002325)
    Fold Change: 2.33
    Marker Score: 37396
  • Cell Name: kidney loop of Henle thin descending limb epithelial cell (CL1001111)
    Fold Change: 2.33
    Marker Score: 2509
  • Cell Name: podocyte (CL0000653)
    Fold Change: 2.32
    Marker Score: 859
  • Cell Name: smooth muscle cell of sphincter of pupil (CL0002243)
    Fold Change: 2.3
    Marker Score: 726
  • Cell Name: parietal epithelial cell (CL1000452)
    Fold Change: 2.29
    Marker Score: 832
  • Cell Name: chandelier pvalb GABAergic cortical interneuron (CL4023036)
    Fold Change: 2.29
    Marker Score: 9489
  • Cell Name: pvalb GABAergic cortical interneuron (CL4023018)
    Fold Change: 2.28
    Marker Score: 83998
  • Cell Name: fibroblast of mammary gland (CL0002555)
    Fold Change: 2.21
    Marker Score: 75029
  • Cell Name: renal alpha-intercalated cell (CL0005011)
    Fold Change: 2.17
    Marker Score: 1143
  • Cell Name: caudal ganglionic eminence derived GABAergic cortical interneuron (CL4023070)
    Fold Change: 2.17
    Marker Score: 8385
  • Cell Name: vascular leptomeningeal cell (CL4023051)
    Fold Change: 2.16
    Marker Score: 2489
  • Cell Name: skeletal muscle satellite stem cell (CL0008011)
    Fold Change: 2.14
    Marker Score: 2283
  • Cell Name: OFF retinal ganglion cell (CL4023033)
    Fold Change: 2.13
    Marker Score: 894
  • Cell Name: inhibitory interneuron (CL0000498)
    Fold Change: 2.11
    Marker Score: 9755
  • Cell Name: cerebral cortex neuron (CL0010012)
    Fold Change: 2.11
    Marker Score: 6011
  • Cell Name: near-projecting glutamatergic cortical neuron (CL4023012)
    Fold Change: 2.09
    Marker Score: 19686
  • Cell Name: thyroid follicular cell (CL0002258)
    Fold Change: 2.06
    Marker Score: 1613
  • Cell Name: L2/3-6 intratelencephalic projecting glutamatergic neuron (CL4023040)
    Fold Change: 2.05
    Marker Score: 126125
  • Cell Name: anterior lens cell (CL0002223)
    Fold Change: 2.03
    Marker Score: 2729
  • Cell Name: endocrine cell (CL0000163)
    Fold Change: 1.99
    Marker Score: 1029
  • Cell Name: conjunctival epithelial cell (CL1000432)
    Fold Change: 1.98
    Marker Score: 2089
  • Cell Name: neuron (CL0000540)
    Fold Change: 1.98
    Marker Score: 8046
  • Cell Name: central nervous system macrophage (CL0000878)
    Fold Change: 1.97
    Marker Score: 981
  • Cell Name: dopaminergic neuron (CL0000700)
    Fold Change: 1.97
    Marker Score: 20325
  • Cell Name: cerebral cortex endothelial cell (CL1001602)
    Fold Change: 1.97
    Marker Score: 1175
  • Cell Name: alveolar type 2 fibroblast cell (CL4028006)
    Fold Change: 1.96
    Marker Score: 1090
  • Cell Name: taste receptor cell (CL0000209)
    Fold Change: 1.93
    Marker Score: 1664
  • Cell Name: type II pneumocyte (CL0002063)
    Fold Change: 1.87
    Marker Score: 12203
  • Cell Name: pyramidal neuron (CL0000598)
    Fold Change: 1.87
    Marker Score: 3143
  • Cell Name: corticothalamic-projecting glutamatergic cortical neuron (CL4023013)
    Fold Change: 1.87
    Marker Score: 17753
  • Cell Name: myoepithelial cell of mammary gland (CL0002324)
    Fold Change: 1.86
    Marker Score: 9143
  • Cell Name: Purkinje cell (CL0000121)
    Fold Change: 1.85
    Marker Score: 62515
  • Cell Name: cortical cell of adrenal gland (CL0002097)
    Fold Change: 1.84
    Marker Score: 32600
  • Cell Name: CD8-positive, alpha-beta cytokine secreting effector T cell (CL0000908)
    Fold Change: 1.84
    Marker Score: 792
  • Cell Name: DN3 thymocyte (CL0000807)
    Fold Change: 1.82
    Marker Score: 910
  • Cell Name: L6b glutamatergic cortical neuron (CL4023038)
    Fold Change: 1.82
    Marker Score: 15633
  • Cell Name: kidney loop of Henle thick ascending limb epithelial cell (CL1001106)
    Fold Change: 1.79
    Marker Score: 4785
  • Cell Name: kidney collecting duct intercalated cell (CL1001432)
    Fold Change: 1.78
    Marker Score: 2954
  • Cell Name: DN1 thymic pro-T cell (CL0000894)
    Fold Change: 1.78
    Marker Score: 551
  • Cell Name: type A enteroendocrine cell (CL0002067)
    Fold Change: 1.78
    Marker Score: 715.5
  • Cell Name: CD8-positive, alpha-beta memory T cell, CD45RO-positive (CL0001203)
    Fold Change: 1.76
    Marker Score: 4944
  • Cell Name: type I pneumocyte (CL0002062)
    Fold Change: 1.75
    Marker Score: 2112
  • Cell Name: rod bipolar cell (CL0000751)
    Fold Change: 1.71
    Marker Score: 893
  • Cell Name: mesothelial cell of epicardium (CL0011019)
    Fold Change: 1.71
    Marker Score: 548
  • Cell Name: ON retinal ganglion cell (CL4023032)
    Fold Change: 1.69
    Marker Score: 462
  • Cell Name: lymphocyte (CL0000542)
    Fold Change: 1.67
    Marker Score: 844
  • Cell Name: epithelial cell of lung (CL0000082)
    Fold Change: 1.64
    Marker Score: 8640
  • Cell Name: astrocyte of the cerebral cortex (CL0002605)
    Fold Change: 1.64
    Marker Score: 35056
  • Cell Name: common lymphoid progenitor (CL0000051)
    Fold Change: 1.6
    Marker Score: 1091
  • Cell Name: early pro-B cell (CL0002046)
    Fold Change: 1.6
    Marker Score: 16170
  • Cell Name: oligodendrocyte precursor cell (CL0002453)
    Fold Change: 1.59
    Marker Score: 1963
  • Cell Name: epithelial cell of lower respiratory tract (CL0002632)
    Fold Change: 1.56
    Marker Score: 6491
  • Cell Name: pigmented ciliary epithelial cell (CL0002303)
    Fold Change: 1.55
    Marker Score: 527
  • Cell Name: L5 extratelencephalic projecting glutamatergic cortical neuron (CL4023041)
    Fold Change: 1.54
    Marker Score: 2382
  • Cell Name: eye photoreceptor cell (CL0000287)
    Fold Change: 1.52
    Marker Score: 454
  • Cell Name: paneth cell of epithelium of small intestine (CL1000343)
    Fold Change: 1.52
    Marker Score: 377
  • Cell Name: cardiac neuron (CL0010022)
    Fold Change: 1.51
    Marker Score: 1883
  • Cell Name: follicular B cell (CL0000843)
    Fold Change: 1.51
    Marker Score: 1634
  • Cell Name: renal beta-intercalated cell (CL0002201)
    Fold Change: 1.51
    Marker Score: 477
  • Cell Name: stromal cell (CL0000499)
    Fold Change: 1.49
    Marker Score: 1748.5
  • Cell Name: stem cell of epidermis (CL1000428)
    Fold Change: 1.49
    Marker Score: 503
  • Cell Name: cortical thymic epithelial cell (CL0002364)
    Fold Change: 1.48
    Marker Score: 5481
  • Cell Name: choroid plexus epithelial cell (CL0000706)
    Fold Change: 1.48
    Marker Score: 1357.5
  • Cell Name: cholangiocyte (CL1000488)
    Fold Change: 1.48
    Marker Score: 552
  • Cell Name: melanocyte (CL0000148)
    Fold Change: 1.47
    Marker Score: 596
  • Cell Name: microfold cell of epithelium of small intestine (CL1000353)
    Fold Change: 1.47
    Marker Score: 351
  • Cell Name: bladder urothelial cell (CL1001428)
    Fold Change: 1.47
    Marker Score: 2162
  • Cell Name: mesenchymal lymphangioblast (CL0005021)
    Fold Change: 1.44
    Marker Score: 321
  • Cell Name: endothelial cell of vascular tree (CL0002139)
    Fold Change: 1.44
    Marker Score: 2086
  • Cell Name: endothelial cell (CL0000115)
    Fold Change: 1.43
    Marker Score: 1282
  • Cell Name: ionocyte (CL0005006)
    Fold Change: 1.41
    Marker Score: 427
  • Cell Name: lung endothelial cell (CL1001567)
    Fold Change: 1.41
    Marker Score: 12340
  • Cell Name: fibroblast of connective tissue of nonglandular part of prostate (CL1000304)
    Fold Change: 1.4
    Marker Score: 1196
  • Cell Name: type I NK T cell (CL0000921)
    Fold Change: 1.38
    Marker Score: 1083
  • Cell Name: epithelial cell of alveolus of lung (CL0010003)
    Fold Change: 1.37
    Marker Score: 615
  • Cell Name: papillary tips cell (CL1000597)
    Fold Change: 1.36
    Marker Score: 275
  • Cell Name: Schwann cell (CL0002573)
    Fold Change: 1.36
    Marker Score: 472
  • Cell Name: oocyte (CL0000023)
    Fold Change: 1.36
    Marker Score: 336
  • Cell Name: CD4-positive helper T cell (CL0000492)
    Fold Change: 1.35
    Marker Score: 1473
  • Cell Name: NKp44-positive group 3 innate lymphoid cell, human (CL0001079)
    Fold Change: 1.35
    Marker Score: 306
  • Cell Name: myeloid leukocyte (CL0000766)
    Fold Change: 1.35
    Marker Score: 1624

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Other Information

**Key characteristics:** - GLS is a multi-functional enzyme that can be divided into two isoforms: GLSK_HUMAN and H7C201_HUMAN. - GLS is involved in the glutamate and glutamine metabolism pathways. - It is a key enzyme in the synthesis of glutamine from glutamate. - It also plays a role in the degradation of glutamine to glutamate. - It is involved in the regulation of respiratory gaseous exchange by the nervous system. **Pathways and functions:** - GLS is involved in the glutamate and glutamine metabolism pathways. - It is a key enzyme in the synthesis of glutamine from glutamate. - It also plays a role in the degradation of glutamine to glutamate. - It is involved in the regulation of respiratory gaseous exchange by the nervous system. **Clinical significance:** - Mutations in the GLS gene have been linked to several human diseases, including kidney diseases and neurodegenerative disorders. - Targeting GLS has been explored as a therapeutic strategy for these diseases. **Additional notes:** - GLS is a highly regulated gene, with its expression being influenced by various factors, including nutrients, hormones, and genetic variations. - It is a well-studied gene with a significant role in maintaining homeostasis and preventing the accumulation of toxic metabolites.

Genular Protein ID: 1499868910

Symbol: GLSK_HUMAN

Name: Glutaminase kidney isoform, mitochondrial

UniProtKB Accession Codes:

Database IDs:

Citations:

PubMed ID: 11015561

Title: Cloning and analysis of unique human glutaminase isoforms generated by tissue-specific alternative splicing.

PubMed ID: 11015561

DOI: 10.1152/physiolgenomics.1999.1.2.51

PubMed ID: 10048485

Title: Prediction of the coding sequences of unidentified human genes. XII. The complete sequences of 100 new cDNA clones from brain which code for large proteins in vitro.

PubMed ID: 10048485

DOI: 10.1093/dnares/5.6.355

PubMed ID: 10719215

Title: Isolation, characterization and expression of a human brain mitochondrial glutaminase cDNA.

PubMed ID: 10719215

DOI: 10.1016/s0169-328x(99)00331-9

PubMed ID: 15489334

Title: The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC).

PubMed ID: 15489334

DOI: 10.1101/gr.2596504

PubMed ID: 14759258

Title: An unappreciated role for RNA surveillance.

PubMed ID: 14759258

DOI: 10.1186/gb-2004-5-2-r8

PubMed ID: 16899818

Title: Brain-specific BNIP-2-homology protein Caytaxin relocalises glutaminase to neurite terminals and reduces glutamate levels.

PubMed ID: 16899818

DOI: 10.1242/jcs.03061

PubMed ID: 17940881

Title: Relative expression of mRNAs coding for glutaminase isoforms in CNS tissues and CNS tumors.

PubMed ID: 17940881

DOI: 10.1007/s11064-007-9507-6

PubMed ID: 19608861

Title: Lysine acetylation targets protein complexes and co-regulates major cellular functions.

PubMed ID: 19608861

DOI: 10.1126/science.1175371

PubMed ID: 21269460

Title: Initial characterization of the human central proteome.

PubMed ID: 21269460

DOI: 10.1186/1752-0509-5-17

PubMed ID: 22228304

Title: Mitochondrial localization and structure-based phosphate activation mechanism of glutaminase C with implications for cancer metabolism.

PubMed ID: 22228304

DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1112495109

PubMed ID: 24275569

Title: An enzyme assisted RP-RPLC approach for in-depth analysis of human liver phosphoproteome.

PubMed ID: 24275569

DOI: 10.1016/j.jprot.2013.11.014

PubMed ID: 25944712

Title: N-terminome analysis of the human mitochondrial proteome.

PubMed ID: 25944712

DOI: 10.1002/pmic.201400617

PubMed ID: 30575854

Title: Identification of a loss-of-function mutation in the context of glutaminase deficiency and neonatal epileptic encephalopathy.

PubMed ID: 30575854

DOI: 10.1001/jamaneurol.2018.2941

PubMed ID: 30239721

Title: GLS hyperactivity causes glutamate excess, infantile cataract and profound developmental delay.

PubMed ID: 30239721

DOI: 10.1093/hmg/ddy330

PubMed ID: 30970188

Title: Glutaminase deficiency caused by short tandem repeat expansion in GLS.

PubMed ID: 30970188

DOI: 10.1056/nejmoa1806627

PubMed ID: 22049910

Title: Full-length human glutaminase in complex with an allosteric inhibitor.

PubMed ID: 22049910

DOI: 10.1021/bi201613d

PubMed ID: 22538822

Title: Structural basis for the allosteric inhibitory mechanism of human kidney-type glutaminase (KGA) and its regulation by Raf-Mek-Erk signaling in cancer cell metabolism.

PubMed ID: 22538822

DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1116573109

PubMed ID: 24451979

Title: Structural basis for the active site inhibition mechanism of human kidney-type glutaminase (KGA).

PubMed ID: 24451979

DOI: 10.1038/srep03827

PubMed ID: 26988803

Title: Design and evaluation of novel glutaminase inhibitors.

PubMed ID: 26988803

DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2016.03.009

PubMed ID: 28526749

Title: The origin and evolution of human glutaminases and their atypical C-terminal ankyrin repeats.

PubMed ID: 28526749

DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m117.787291

PubMed ID: 29317493

Title: Characterization of the interactions of potent allosteric inhibitors with glutaminase C, a key enzyme in cancer cell glutamine metabolism.

PubMed ID: 29317493

DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m117.810101

Sequence Information:

  • Length: 669
  • Mass: 73461
  • Checksum: 4E5E63505E84E0B7
  • Sequence:
  • MMRLRGSGML RDLLLRSPAG VSATLRRAQP LVTLCRRPRG GGRPAAGPAA AARLHPWWGG 
    GGWPAEPLAR GLSSSPSEIL QELGKGSTHP QPGVSPPAAP AAPGPKDGPG ETDAFGNSEG 
    KELVASGENK IKQGLLPSLE DLLFYTIAEG QEKIPVHKFI TALKSTGLRT SDPRLKECMD 
    MLRLTLQTTS DGVMLDKDLF KKCVQSNIVL LTQAFRRKFV IPDFMSFTSH IDELYESAKK 
    QSGGKVADYI PQLAKFSPDL WGVSVCTVDG QRHSTGDTKV PFCLQSCVKP LKYAIAVNDL 
    GTEYVHRYVG KEPSGLRFNK LFLNEDDKPH NPMVNAGAIV VTSLIKQGVN NAEKFDYVMQ 
    FLNKMAGNEY VGFSNATFQS ERESGDRNFA IGYYLKEKKC FPEGTDMVGI LDFYFQLCSI 
    EVTCESASVM AATLANGGFC PITGERVLSP EAVRNTLSLM HSCGMYDFSG QFAFHVGLPA 
    KSGVAGGILL VVPNVMGMMC WSPPLDKMGN SVKGIHFCHD LVSLCNFHNY DNLRHFAKKL 
    DPRREGGDQR VKSVINLLFA AYTGDVSALR RFALSAMDME QRDYDSRTAL HVAAAEGHVE 
    VVKFLLEACK VNPFPKDRWN NTPMDEALHF GHHDVFKILQ EYQVQYTPQG DSDNGKENQT 
    VHKNLDGLL

Genular Protein ID: 2588343333

Symbol: H7C201_HUMAN

Name: N/A

UniProtKB Accession Codes:

Database IDs:

Citations:

PubMed ID: 15815621

Title: Generation and annotation of the DNA sequences of human chromosomes 2 and 4.

PubMed ID: 15815621

DOI: 10.1038/nature03466

PubMed ID: 21269460

Title: Initial characterization of the human central proteome.

PubMed ID: 21269460

DOI: 10.1186/1752-0509-5-17

PubMed ID: 25944712

Title: N-terminome analysis of the human mitochondrial proteome.

PubMed ID: 25944712

Sequence Information:

  • Length: 661
  • Mass: 72433
  • Checksum: F17A321771F8F1DA
  • Sequence:
  • MMRLRGSGML RDLLLRSPAG VSATLRRAQP LVTLCRRPRG GGRPAAGPAA AARLHPWWGG 
    GGWPAEPLAR GLSSSPSEIL QELGKGSTHP QPGVSPPAAP AAPGPKDGPG ETDAFGNSEG 
    KELVASGENK IKQGLLPSLE DLLFYTIAEG QEKIPVHKFI TALKSTGLRT SDPRLKECMD 
    MLRLTLQTTS DGVMLDKDLF KKCVQSNIVL LTQAFRRKFV IPDFMSFTSH IDELYESAKK 
    QSGGKVADYI PQLAKFSPDL WGVSVCTVDG QRHSTGDTKV PFCLQSCVKP LKYAIAVNDL 
    GTEYVHRYVG KEPSGLRFNK LFLNEDDKPH NPMVNAGAIV VTSLIKQGVN NAEKFDYVMQ 
    FLNKMAGNEY VGFSNATFQS ERESGDRNFA IGYYLKEKKC FPEGTDMVGI LDFYFQLCSI 
    EVTCESASVM AATLANGGFC PITGERVLSP EAVRNTLSLM HSCGMYDFSG QFAFHVGLPA 
    KSGVAGGILL VVPNVMGMMC WSPPLDKMGN SVKGIHFCHD LVSLCNFHNY DNLRHFAKKL 
    DPRREGGDQR VKSVINLLFA AYTGDVSALR RFALSAMDME QRDYDSRTAL HVAAAEGGIT 
    LPWMKHCTLD TMMYLKFSKN TKSSTHLKEI LTTGRKIKPS IRILMDCCNG LKSQDLNHLP 
    I

Genular Protein ID: 3809364093

Symbol: Q68D38_HUMAN

Name: N/A

UniProtKB Accession Codes:

Database IDs:

Sequence Information:

  • Length: 252
  • Mass: 28039
  • Checksum: 7530656E426AA49F
  • Sequence:
  • QGVNNAEKFD YVMQFLNKMA GNEYVGFSNA TFQSERESGD RNFAIGYYLK EKKCFPEGTD 
    MVGILDFYFQ LCSIEVTCES ASVMAATLAN GGFCPITGER VLSPEAVRNT LSLMHSCGMY 
    DFSGQFAFHV GLPAKSGVAG GILLVVPNVM GMMCWSPPLD KMGNSVKGIH FCHDLVSLCN 
    FHNYDNLRHF AKKLDPRREG GDQRHSFGPL DYESLQQELA LKETVWKKVS PESNEDISTT 
    VVYRMESLGE KS

Database document:

This is a preview of the gene's schema. Only a few entries are kept for 'singleCellExpressions,' 'mRNAExpressions,' and other large data arrays for visualization purposes. For the full schema, download it here.