Details for: ERVW 1

Gene ID: 30816

Symbol: ERVW 1

Ensembl ID: ENSG00000242950

Description: endogenous retrovirus group W member 1, envelope

Associated with

Cells (max top 100)

(Cell Significance Index and respective Thresholds are uniquely calculated using our advanced thresholding algorithms to reveal cell-specific gene markers)

  • Cell Name: placental villous trophoblast (CL2000060)
    Fold Change: 15.4175
    Cell Significance Index: 411.6700
  • Cell Name: embryonic stem cell (CL0002322)
    Fold Change: 4.5758
    Cell Significance Index: -1.8900
  • Cell Name: extravillous trophoblast (CL0008036)
    Fold Change: 1.9844
    Cell Significance Index: 12.3300
  • Cell Name: Hofbauer cell (CL3000001)
    Fold Change: 0.7812
    Cell Significance Index: 6.3700
  • Cell Name: germ cell (CL0000586)
    Fold Change: 0.3986
    Cell Significance Index: 3.0100
  • Cell Name: bladder urothelial cell (CL1001428)
    Fold Change: 0.3658
    Cell Significance Index: 19.0000
  • Cell Name: primordial germ cell (CL0000670)
    Fold Change: 0.3401
    Cell Significance Index: 2.1000
  • Cell Name: endothelial cell of placenta (CL0009092)
    Fold Change: 0.3194
    Cell Significance Index: 1.9300
  • Cell Name: keratocyte (CL0002363)
    Fold Change: 0.2376
    Cell Significance Index: 3.7700
  • Cell Name: enterocyte of epithelium of large intestine (CL0002071)
    Fold Change: 0.1308
    Cell Significance Index: 5.9300
  • Cell Name: mature alpha-beta T cell (CL0000791)
    Fold Change: 0.0917
    Cell Significance Index: 0.5000
  • Cell Name: lens fiber cell (CL0011004)
    Fold Change: 0.0718
    Cell Significance Index: 2.2700
  • Cell Name: odontoblast (CL0000060)
    Fold Change: 0.0582
    Cell Significance Index: 7.4600
  • Cell Name: syncytiotrophoblast cell (CL0000525)
    Fold Change: 0.0579
    Cell Significance Index: 0.5500
  • Cell Name: respiratory goblet cell (CL0002370)
    Fold Change: 0.0504
    Cell Significance Index: 0.5200
  • Cell Name: conjunctival epithelial cell (CL1000432)
    Fold Change: 0.0469
    Cell Significance Index: 0.6400
  • Cell Name: myeloid lineage restricted progenitor cell (CL0000839)
    Fold Change: 0.0413
    Cell Significance Index: 0.5800
  • Cell Name: intermediate cell of urothelium (CL4030055)
    Fold Change: 0.0271
    Cell Significance Index: 4.8800
  • Cell Name: centrilobular region hepatocyte (CL0019029)
    Fold Change: 0.0190
    Cell Significance Index: 0.3200
  • Cell Name: fibro/adipogenic progenitor cell (CL0009099)
    Fold Change: 0.0149
    Cell Significance Index: 0.7500
  • Cell Name: basal cell of urothelium (CL1000486)
    Fold Change: 0.0140
    Cell Significance Index: 1.7200
  • Cell Name: early T lineage precursor (CL0002425)
    Fold Change: 0.0124
    Cell Significance Index: 0.1800
  • Cell Name: L2/3-6 intratelencephalic projecting glutamatergic neuron (CL4023040)
    Fold Change: 0.0104
    Cell Significance Index: 2.0900
  • Cell Name: myometrial cell (CL0002366)
    Fold Change: 0.0104
    Cell Significance Index: 0.1200
  • Cell Name: eye photoreceptor cell (CL0000287)
    Fold Change: 0.0060
    Cell Significance Index: 0.3800
  • Cell Name: obsolete caudal ganglionic eminence derived GABAergic cortical interneuron (CL4023070)
    Fold Change: 0.0060
    Cell Significance Index: 2.1600
  • Cell Name: lens epithelial cell (CL0002224)
    Fold Change: 0.0055
    Cell Significance Index: 8.4900
  • Cell Name: secondary lens fiber (CL0002225)
    Fold Change: 0.0047
    Cell Significance Index: 6.4300
  • Cell Name: anterior lens cell (CL0002223)
    Fold Change: 0.0043
    Cell Significance Index: 7.9200
  • Cell Name: neoplastic cell (CL0001063)
    Fold Change: 0.0020
    Cell Significance Index: 0.3900
  • Cell Name: trophoblast giant cell (CL0002488)
    Fold Change: 0.0014
    Cell Significance Index: 0.0100
  • Cell Name: pigmented epithelial cell (CL0000529)
    Fold Change: 0.0013
    Cell Significance Index: 2.4800
  • Cell Name: forebrain neuroblast (CL1000042)
    Fold Change: 0.0010
    Cell Significance Index: 0.0600
  • Cell Name: epithelial cell of stomach (CL0002178)
    Fold Change: 0.0006
    Cell Significance Index: 0.0700
  • Cell Name: basal cell of prostate epithelium (CL0002341)
    Fold Change: -0.0002
    Cell Significance Index: -0.0100
  • Cell Name: pancreatic A cell (CL0000171)
    Fold Change: -0.0020
    Cell Significance Index: -1.4900
  • Cell Name: non-pigmented ciliary epithelial cell (CL0002304)
    Fold Change: -0.0021
    Cell Significance Index: -1.3200
  • Cell Name: pulmonary alveolar epithelial cell (CL0000322)
    Fold Change: -0.0021
    Cell Significance Index: -1.6300
  • Cell Name: kidney loop of Henle cortical thick ascending limb epithelial cell (CL1001109)
    Fold Change: -0.0023
    Cell Significance Index: -1.7200
  • Cell Name: type B pancreatic cell (CL0000169)
    Fold Change: -0.0027
    Cell Significance Index: -1.5100
  • Cell Name: ciliary muscle cell (CL1000443)
    Fold Change: -0.0028
    Cell Significance Index: -1.2700
  • Cell Name: dopaminergic neuron (CL0000700)
    Fold Change: -0.0028
    Cell Significance Index: -0.8200
  • Cell Name: cell in vitro (CL0001034)
    Fold Change: -0.0029
    Cell Significance Index: -1.6000
  • Cell Name: hair follicular keratinocyte (CL2000092)
    Fold Change: -0.0029
    Cell Significance Index: -1.3000
  • Cell Name: pigmented ciliary epithelial cell (CL0002303)
    Fold Change: -0.0034
    Cell Significance Index: -0.5000
  • Cell Name: abnormal cell (CL0001061)
    Fold Change: -0.0055
    Cell Significance Index: -0.5600
  • Cell Name: pancreatic D cell (CL0000173)
    Fold Change: -0.0065
    Cell Significance Index: -1.3600
  • Cell Name: pancreatic acinar cell (CL0002064)
    Fold Change: -0.0075
    Cell Significance Index: -1.2800
  • Cell Name: cardiac muscle myoblast (CL0000513)
    Fold Change: -0.0085
    Cell Significance Index: -0.6600
  • Cell Name: sebum secreting cell (CL0000317)
    Fold Change: -0.0093
    Cell Significance Index: -0.6600
  • Cell Name: pancreatic ductal cell (CL0002079)
    Fold Change: -0.0109
    Cell Significance Index: -1.2500
  • Cell Name: stromal cell of ovary (CL0002132)
    Fold Change: -0.0114
    Cell Significance Index: -1.5700
  • Cell Name: lactocyte (CL0002325)
    Fold Change: -0.0128
    Cell Significance Index: -1.6500
  • Cell Name: glycinergic neuron (CL1001509)
    Fold Change: -0.0141
    Cell Significance Index: -0.7400
  • Cell Name: smooth muscle cell of sphincter of pupil (CL0002243)
    Fold Change: -0.0165
    Cell Significance Index: -1.7200
  • Cell Name: medial ganglionic eminence derived interneuron (CL4023063)
    Fold Change: -0.0171
    Cell Significance Index: -0.2500
  • Cell Name: retinal progenitor cell (CL0002672)
    Fold Change: -0.0200
    Cell Significance Index: -1.1200
  • Cell Name: hippocampal granule cell (CL0001033)
    Fold Change: -0.0207
    Cell Significance Index: -1.3900
  • Cell Name: early pro-B cell (CL0002046)
    Fold Change: -0.0228
    Cell Significance Index: -1.4700
  • Cell Name: progenitor cell of mammary luminal epithelium (CL0009116)
    Fold Change: -0.0231
    Cell Significance Index: -1.7200
  • Cell Name: acinar cell of salivary gland (CL0002623)
    Fold Change: -0.0257
    Cell Significance Index: -1.2000
  • Cell Name: indirect pathway medium spiny neuron (CL4023029)
    Fold Change: -0.0269
    Cell Significance Index: -1.1900
  • Cell Name: CD14-positive, CD16-negative classical monocyte (CL0002057)
    Fold Change: -0.0281
    Cell Significance Index: -0.5200
  • Cell Name: luminal adaptive secretory precursor cell of mammary gland (CL4033057)
    Fold Change: -0.0289
    Cell Significance Index: -1.3600
  • Cell Name: neuron associated cell (CL0000095)
    Fold Change: -0.0314
    Cell Significance Index: -1.2900
  • Cell Name: L5 extratelencephalic projecting glutamatergic cortical neuron (CL4023041)
    Fold Change: -0.0368
    Cell Significance Index: -1.2900
  • Cell Name: direct pathway medium spiny neuron (CL4023026)
    Fold Change: -0.0383
    Cell Significance Index: -1.4500
  • Cell Name: umbrella cell of urothelium (CL4030056)
    Fold Change: -0.0386
    Cell Significance Index: -0.3600
  • Cell Name: mesenchymal stem cell (CL0000134)
    Fold Change: -0.0413
    Cell Significance Index: -0.4000
  • Cell Name: cortical interneuron (CL0008031)
    Fold Change: -0.0420
    Cell Significance Index: -1.0100
  • Cell Name: skeletal muscle fiber (CL0008002)
    Fold Change: -0.0427
    Cell Significance Index: -1.1000
  • Cell Name: corticothalamic-projecting glutamatergic cortical neuron (CL4023013)
    Fold Change: -0.0433
    Cell Significance Index: -1.3800
  • Cell Name: basal epithelial cell of tracheobronchial tree (CL0002329)
    Fold Change: -0.0440
    Cell Significance Index: -1.2300
  • Cell Name: duct epithelial cell (CL0000068)
    Fold Change: -0.0445
    Cell Significance Index: -0.6200
  • Cell Name: squamous epithelial cell (CL0000076)
    Fold Change: -0.0460
    Cell Significance Index: -0.5600
  • Cell Name: L6b glutamatergic cortical neuron (CL4023038)
    Fold Change: -0.0467
    Cell Significance Index: -1.5300
  • Cell Name: neutrophil progenitor cell (CL0000834)
    Fold Change: -0.0493
    Cell Significance Index: -1.3200
  • Cell Name: pvalb GABAergic cortical interneuron (CL4023018)
    Fold Change: -0.0509
    Cell Significance Index: -1.0800
  • Cell Name: fibroblast of dermis (CL0002551)
    Fold Change: -0.0511
    Cell Significance Index: -1.0700
  • Cell Name: mesonephric nephron tubule epithelial cell (CL1000022)
    Fold Change: -0.0512
    Cell Significance Index: -1.7800
  • Cell Name: embryonic fibroblast (CL2000042)
    Fold Change: -0.0523
    Cell Significance Index: -0.2500
  • Cell Name: erythroid progenitor cell (CL0000038)
    Fold Change: -0.0528
    Cell Significance Index: -0.6900
  • Cell Name: peg cell (CL4033014)
    Fold Change: -0.0541
    Cell Significance Index: -1.2500
  • Cell Name: eukaryotic cell (CL0000255)
    Fold Change: -0.0553
    Cell Significance Index: -2.4000
  • Cell Name: fibroblast of mammary gland (CL0002555)
    Fold Change: -0.0562
    Cell Significance Index: -1.6100
  • Cell Name: skeletal muscle satellite stem cell (CL0008011)
    Fold Change: -0.0565
    Cell Significance Index: -0.5900
  • Cell Name: near-projecting glutamatergic cortical neuron (CL4023012)
    Fold Change: -0.0569
    Cell Significance Index: -1.4200
  • Cell Name: kidney epithelial cell (CL0002518)
    Fold Change: -0.0570
    Cell Significance Index: -1.6800
  • Cell Name: OFF midget ganglion cell (CL4033047)
    Fold Change: -0.0577
    Cell Significance Index: -0.7200
  • Cell Name: small intestine goblet cell (CL1000495)
    Fold Change: -0.0578
    Cell Significance Index: -2.0300
  • Cell Name: stratified epithelial cell (CL0000079)
    Fold Change: -0.0580
    Cell Significance Index: -2.1300
  • Cell Name: obsolete epithelial cell of alveolus of lung (CL0010003)
    Fold Change: -0.0581
    Cell Significance Index: -1.4500
  • Cell Name: granulosa cell (CL0000501)
    Fold Change: -0.0582
    Cell Significance Index: -1.5300
  • Cell Name: hippocampal pyramidal neuron (CL1001571)
    Fold Change: -0.0585
    Cell Significance Index: -1.6700
  • Cell Name: cortical cell of adrenal gland (CL0002097)
    Fold Change: -0.0586
    Cell Significance Index: -1.5700
  • Cell Name: connective tissue cell (CL0002320)
    Fold Change: -0.0591
    Cell Significance Index: -0.5700
  • Cell Name: enterocyte of epithelium of small intestine (CL1000334)
    Fold Change: -0.0592
    Cell Significance Index: -1.7100
  • Cell Name: cerebral cortex endothelial cell (CL1001602)
    Fold Change: -0.0600
    Cell Significance Index: -1.2200
  • Cell Name: lamp5 GABAergic cortical interneuron (CL4023011)
    Fold Change: -0.0606
    Cell Significance Index: -1.3100
  • Cell Name: VIP GABAergic cortical interneuron (CL4023016)
    Fold Change: -0.0610
    Cell Significance Index: -1.2300

Cell ID: Standard Cell Ontology term used for mapping and comparing cells across experiments. Ensures consistency in analyzing cellular functions across tissues.
Fold Change: Represents the ratio of the current Cell Significance Index to the Cell Significance Index Threshold, indicating how much the gene expression has changed compared to a baseline.
Cell Significance Index: Reflects how strongly a gene is expressed in this specific cell.

Cell ID: Standard Cell Ontology term used for mapping and comparing cells across experiments. Ensures consistency in analyzing cellular functions across tissues.
Fold Change: Represents the ratio of the current Cell Significance Index to the Cell Significance Index Threshold, indicating how much the gene expression has changed compared to a baseline.
Cell Significance Index: Reflects how strongly a gene is expressed in this cell type. Calculated using techniques like effect size estimation and bootstrapping for reliability.

Cell ID: Standard Cell Ontology term used for mapping and comparing cells across experiments. Ensures consistency in analyzing cellular functions across tissues.
Fold Change: Represents the ratio of the current Cell Significance Index to the Cell Significance Index Threshold, indicating how much the gene expression has changed compared to a baseline.
Cell Significance Index: Reflects how strongly a gene is expressed in this cell type. Calculated using techniques like effect size estimation and bootstrapping for reliability.

Other Information

**Key Characteristics:** ERVW1 is a retroviral gene, which originated from a retrotransposon that was integrated into the human genome millions of years ago. The envelope protein of ERVW1, encoded by the SYCY1_HUMAN gene, plays a pivotal role in the fusion of plasma membranes and the formation of syncytia. Syncytia are multinucleated cells that arise from the fusion of adjacent cells, a process essential for various developmental and pathological processes, including implantation, placental development, and cancer. **Pathways and Functions:** ERVW1 is significantly expressed in various cell types, including blood vessel endothelial cells, placental villous trophoblasts, and intestinal epithelial cells. The SYCY1_HUMAN protein, encoded by ERVW1, regulates the fusion of plasma membranes and the formation of syncytia through its interaction with the CDH1 (cadherin 1) cell adhesion molecule. This interaction triggers the activation of various signaling pathways, including the PI3K/AKT and MAPK/ERK pathways, which regulate cell survival, proliferation, and differentiation. The ERVW1/ Syncytin-1 axis also plays a critical role in the regulation of angiogenesis, the formation of new blood vessels, and the development of the placenta. Additionally, ERVW1 has been implicated in the pathogenesis of various diseases, including cancer, where it is involved in the formation of tumor metastases and the regulation of immune responses. **Clinical Significance:** The ERVW1 gene has been associated with several human diseases, including: 1. **Placental disorders:** ERVW1 is essential for the formation of the placenta and has been implicated in placental insufficiency, pre-eclampsia, and fetal growth restriction. 2. **Cancer:** ERVW1 is overexpressed in various types of cancer, including breast, lung, and colon cancer, and has been associated with tumor progression, metastasis, and poor prognosis. 3. **Immune disorders:** ERVW1 has been implicated in the regulation of immune responses and has been associated with autoimmune diseases, such as rheumatoid arthritis and multiple sclerosis. 4. **Neurological disorders:** ERVW1 has been implicated in the pathogenesis of neurological disorders, including Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, and multiple sclerosis. In conclusion, the ERVW1 gene, encoding the Syncytin-1 protein, plays a critical role in various physiological and pathological processes, including angiogenesis, placental development, and cancer. Further research is needed to fully elucidate the mechanisms by which ERVW1 regulates these processes and to explore its potential as a therapeutic target for various human diseases.

Genular Protein ID: 2613363424

Symbol: SYCY1_HUMAN

Name: Syncytin-1

UniProtKB Accession Codes:

Database IDs:

Citations:

PubMed ID: 9882319

Title: Molecular characterization and placental expression of HERV-W, a new human endogenous retrovirus family.

PubMed ID: 9882319

DOI: 10.1128/jvi.73.2.1175-1185.1999

PubMed ID: 10693809

Title: Syncytin is captive retroviral envelope protein involved in human placental morphogenesis.

PubMed ID: 10693809

DOI: 10.1038/35001608

PubMed ID: 10826480

Title: Chromosomal distribution and coding capacity of the human endogenous retrovirus HERV-W family.

PubMed ID: 10826480

DOI: 10.1089/088922200308738

PubMed ID: 14757826

Title: The endogenous retroviral locus ERVWE1 is a bona fide gene involved in hominoid placental physiology.

PubMed ID: 14757826

DOI: 10.1073/pnas.0305763101

PubMed ID: 12853948

Title: The DNA sequence of human chromosome 7.

PubMed ID: 12853948

DOI: 10.1038/nature01782

PubMed ID: 15489334

Title: The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC).

PubMed ID: 15489334

DOI: 10.1101/gr.2596504

PubMed ID: 11990458

Title: The HERV-W/7q family in the human genome. Potential for protein expression and gene regulation.

PubMed ID: 11990458

PubMed ID: 9835022

Title: Endogenous retroviruses and multiple sclerosis. II. HERV-7q.

PubMed ID: 9835022

DOI: 10.1016/s0764-4469(99)80026-2

PubMed ID: 10708449

Title: An envelope glycoprotein of the human endogenous retrovirus HERV-W is expressed in the human placenta and fuses cells expressing the type D mammalian retrovirus receptor.

PubMed ID: 10708449

DOI: 10.1128/jvi.74.7.3321-3329.2000

PubMed ID: 11238877

Title: Envelope gene of the human endogenous retrovirus HERV-W encodes a functional retrovirus envelope.

PubMed ID: 11238877

DOI: 10.1128/jvi.75.7.3488-3489.2001

PubMed ID: 11531410

Title: Multiple sclerosis retrovirus particles and recombinant envelope trigger an abnormal immune response in vitro, by inducing polyclonal Vbeta16 T-lymphocyte activation.

PubMed ID: 11531410

DOI: 10.1006/viro.2001.1045

PubMed ID: 12050356

Title: The envelope glycoprotein of human endogenous retrovirus type W uses a divergent family of amino acid transporters/cell surface receptors.

PubMed ID: 12050356

DOI: 10.1128/jvi.76.13.6442-6452.2002

PubMed ID: 14557543

Title: Genomewide screening for fusogenic human endogenous retrovirus envelopes identifies syncytin 2, a gene conserved on primate evolution.

PubMed ID: 14557543

DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2132646100

PubMed ID: 12664292

Title: The envelope glycoprotein of human endogenous retrovirus HERV-W induces cellular resistance to spleen necrosis virus.

PubMed ID: 12664292

DOI: 10.1007/s00705-002-0960-x

PubMed ID: 12970426

Title: Survey of human genes of retroviral origin: identification and transcriptome of the genes with coding capacity for complete envelope proteins.

PubMed ID: 12970426

DOI: 10.1128/jvi.77.19.10414-10422.2003

PubMed ID: 12620933

Title: Temporal regulation of the expression of syncytin (HERV-W), maternally imprinted PEG10, and SGCE in human placenta.

PubMed ID: 12620933

DOI: 10.1095/biolreprod.102.013078

PubMed ID: 15254254

Title: Evidence of selection on the domesticated ERVWE1 env retroviral element involved in placentation.

PubMed ID: 15254254

DOI: 10.1093/molbev/msh206

PubMed ID: 15452578

Title: Human endogenous retrovirus glycoprotein-mediated induction of redox reactants causes oligodendrocyte death and demyelination.

PubMed ID: 15452578

DOI: 10.1038/nn1319

PubMed ID: 15827173

Title: Synthesis, assembly, and processing of the Env ERVWE1/syncytin human endogenous retroviral envelope.

PubMed ID: 15827173

DOI: 10.1128/jvi.79.9.5585-5593.2005

PubMed ID: 23492904

Title: A novel human endogenous retroviral protein inhibits cell-cell fusion.

PubMed ID: 23492904

DOI: 10.1038/srep01462

Sequence Information:

  • Length: 538
  • Mass: 59866
  • Checksum: C54648A3C7043870
  • Sequence:
  • MALPYHIFLF TVLLPSFTLT APPPCRCMTS SSPYQEFLWR MQRPGNIDAP SYRSLSKGTP 
    TFTAHTHMPR NCYHSATLCM HANTHYWTGK MINPSCPGGL GVTVCWTYFT QTGMSDGGGV 
    QDQAREKHVK EVISQLTRVH GTSSPYKGLD LSKLHETLRT HTRLVSLFNT TLTGLHEVSA 
    QNPTNCWICL PLNFRPYVSI PVPEQWNNFS TEINTTSVLV GPLVSNLEIT HTSNLTCVKF 
    SNTTYTTNSQ CIRWVTPPTQ IVCLPSGIFF VCGTSAYRCL NGSSESMCFL SFLVPPMTIY 
    TEQDLYSYVI SKPRNKRVPI LPFVIGAGVL GALGTGIGGI TTSTQFYYKL SQELNGDMER 
    VADSLVTLQD QLNSLAAVVL QNRRALDLLT AERGGTCLFL GEECCYYVNQ SGIVTEKVKE 
    IRDRIQRRAE ELRNTGPWGL LSQWMPWILP FLGPLAAIIL LLLFGPCIFN LLVNFVSSRI 
    EAVKLQMEPK MQSKTKIYRR PLDRPASPRS DVNDIKGTPP EEISAAQPLL RPNSAGSS

Database document:

This is a preview of the gene's schema. Only a few entries are kept for 'singleCellExpressions,' 'mRNAExpressions,' and other large data arrays for visualization purposes. You can zoom in with the mouse wheel for a closer view, and the text will adjust automatically if necessary. For the full schema, download it here.