Details for: KPNA2

Gene ID: 3838

Symbol: KPNA2

Ensembl ID: ENSG00000182481

Description: karyopherin subunit alpha 2

Associated with

Cells (max top 100)

(Marker Score score is uniquely calculated using our advanced thresholding algorithms to reveal cell-specific gene markers)

  • Cell Name: extravillous trophoblast (CL0008036)
    Fold Change: 2.76
    Marker Score: 2462
  • Cell Name: erythroid progenitor cell (CL0000038)
    Fold Change: 2.24
    Marker Score: 2342
  • Cell Name: skeletal muscle satellite cell (CL0000594)
    Fold Change: 2.24
    Marker Score: 1497
  • Cell Name: oogonial cell (CL0000024)
    Fold Change: 2.21
    Marker Score: 3174
  • Cell Name: oocyte (CL0000023)
    Fold Change: 1.98
    Marker Score: 490
  • Cell Name: migratory enteric neural crest cell (CL0002607)
    Fold Change: 1.91
    Marker Score: 1797
  • Cell Name: male germ cell (CL0000015)
    Fold Change: 1.71
    Marker Score: 492
  • Cell Name: large pre-B-II cell (CL0000957)
    Fold Change: 1.61
    Marker Score: 4384
  • Cell Name: fraction A pre-pro B cell (CL0002045)
    Fold Change: 1.52
    Marker Score: 1530
  • Cell Name: enteric neuron (CL0007011)
    Fold Change: 1.51
    Marker Score: 801
  • Cell Name: neural crest cell (CL0011012)
    Fold Change: 1.47
    Marker Score: 1569
  • Cell Name: mural cell (CL0008034)
    Fold Change: 1.46
    Marker Score: 167570
  • Cell Name: ovarian surface epithelial cell (CL2000064)
    Fold Change: 1.44
    Marker Score: 3929
  • Cell Name: tonsil germinal center B cell (CL2000006)
    Fold Change: 1.42
    Marker Score: 4225
  • Cell Name: decidual cell (CL2000002)
    Fold Change: 1.41
    Marker Score: 6100
  • Cell Name: radial glial cell (CL0000681)
    Fold Change: 1.37
    Marker Score: 506.5
  • Cell Name: thyroid follicular cell (CL0002258)
    Fold Change: 1.33
    Marker Score: 1043
  • Cell Name: CD8-alpha-alpha-positive, alpha-beta intraepithelial T cell (CL0000915)
    Fold Change: 1.32
    Marker Score: 1862
  • Cell Name: mesenchymal cell (CL0008019)
    Fold Change: 1.31
    Marker Score: 2218.5
  • Cell Name: primordial germ cell (CL0000670)
    Fold Change: 1.3
    Marker Score: 1629.5
  • Cell Name: epithelial cell of nephron (CL1000449)
    Fold Change: 1.3
    Marker Score: 2710
  • Cell Name: kidney epithelial cell (CL0002518)
    Fold Change: 1.29
    Marker Score: 1362
  • Cell Name: placental villous trophoblast (CL2000060)
    Fold Change: 1.25
    Marker Score: 4898
  • Cell Name: progenitor cell of mammary luminal epithelium (CL0009116)
    Fold Change: 1.23
    Marker Score: 4757
  • Cell Name: Hofbauer cell (CL3000001)
    Fold Change: 1.23
    Marker Score: 675
  • Cell Name: neural cell (CL0002319)
    Fold Change: 1.23
    Marker Score: 591
  • Cell Name: fetal cardiomyocyte (CL0002495)
    Fold Change: 1.22
    Marker Score: 403
  • Cell Name: decidual natural killer cell, human (CL0002343)
    Fold Change: 1.22
    Marker Score: 3376
  • Cell Name: fibroblast of mammary gland (CL0002555)
    Fold Change: 1.22
    Marker Score: 41512
  • Cell Name: cell in vitro (CL0001034)
    Fold Change: 1.21
    Marker Score: 42022
  • Cell Name: neuroblast (sensu Vertebrata) (CL0000031)
    Fold Change: 1.2
    Marker Score: 753
  • Cell Name: hematopoietic cell (CL0000988)
    Fold Change: 1.19
    Marker Score: 790
  • Cell Name: cardiac muscle myoblast (CL0000513)
    Fold Change: 1.18
    Marker Score: 18486
  • Cell Name: glandular epithelial cell (CL0000150)
    Fold Change: 1.18
    Marker Score: 2900
  • Cell Name: mesenchymal stem cell (CL0000134)
    Fold Change: 1.18
    Marker Score: 1813
  • Cell Name: eurydendroid cell (CL0000253)
    Fold Change: 1.17
    Marker Score: 479
  • Cell Name: CD8-positive, alpha-beta memory T cell (CL0000909)
    Fold Change: 1.16
    Marker Score: 988
  • Cell Name: fibroblast of connective tissue of glandular part of prostate (CL1000305)
    Fold Change: 1.15
    Marker Score: 478
  • Cell Name: myeloid dendritic cell (CL0000782)
    Fold Change: 1.15
    Marker Score: 695
  • Cell Name: primary sensory neuron (sensu Teleostei) (CL0000531)
    Fold Change: 1.14
    Marker Score: 384
  • Cell Name: plasmablast (CL0000980)
    Fold Change: 1.13
    Marker Score: 1507
  • Cell Name: exhausted T cell (CL0011025)
    Fold Change: 1.13
    Marker Score: 651
  • Cell Name: pro-T cell (CL0000827)
    Fold Change: 1.13
    Marker Score: 4623
  • Cell Name: proerythroblast (CL0000547)
    Fold Change: 1.1
    Marker Score: 746
  • Cell Name: fibroblast of connective tissue of nonglandular part of prostate (CL1000304)
    Fold Change: 1.1
    Marker Score: 936
  • Cell Name: stem cell of epidermis (CL1000428)
    Fold Change: 1.07
    Marker Score: 361
  • Cell Name: Unknown (CL0000548)
    Fold Change: 1.06
    Marker Score: 775
  • Cell Name: granulosa cell (CL0000501)
    Fold Change: 1.06
    Marker Score: 10653
  • Cell Name: peripheral nervous system neuron (CL2000032)
    Fold Change: 1.06
    Marker Score: 1187
  • Cell Name: Unknown (CL0002371)
    Fold Change: 1.06
    Marker Score: 1121
  • Cell Name: embryonic stem cell (CL0002322)
    Fold Change: 1.05
    Marker Score: 336
  • Cell Name: kidney cell (CL1000497)
    Fold Change: 1.04
    Marker Score: 696
  • Cell Name: early pro-B cell (CL0002046)
    Fold Change: 1.04
    Marker Score: 10553
  • Cell Name: enteric smooth muscle cell (CL0002504)
    Fold Change: 1.02
    Marker Score: 2399
  • Cell Name: primitive red blood cell (CL0002355)
    Fold Change: 1.01
    Marker Score: 760
  • Cell Name: vascular lymphangioblast (CL0005022)
    Fold Change: 1
    Marker Score: 1697
  • Cell Name: type EC enteroendocrine cell (CL0000577)
    Fold Change: 1
    Marker Score: 944
  • Cell Name: mesodermal cell (CL0000222)
    Fold Change: 0.99
    Marker Score: 13009
  • Cell Name: B-1 B cell (CL0000819)
    Fold Change: 0.98
    Marker Score: 1716
  • Cell Name: absorptive cell (CL0000212)
    Fold Change: 0.98
    Marker Score: 30385
  • Cell Name: early lymphoid progenitor (CL0000936)
    Fold Change: 0.98
    Marker Score: 480
  • Cell Name: inhibitory motor neuron (CL0008015)
    Fold Change: 0.98
    Marker Score: 462
  • Cell Name: pancreatic ductal cell (CL0002079)
    Fold Change: 0.97
    Marker Score: 1007
  • Cell Name: CD8-positive, alpha-beta memory T cell, CD45RO-positive (CL0001203)
    Fold Change: 0.97
    Marker Score: 2713
  • Cell Name: lymphoid lineage restricted progenitor cell (CL0000838)
    Fold Change: 0.96
    Marker Score: 577
  • Cell Name: osteoclast (CL0000092)
    Fold Change: 0.96
    Marker Score: 477
  • Cell Name: mature B cell (CL0000785)
    Fold Change: 0.96
    Marker Score: 702
  • Cell Name: intestinal crypt stem cell of colon (CL0009043)
    Fold Change: 0.94
    Marker Score: 2386
  • Cell Name: immature innate lymphoid cell (CL0001082)
    Fold Change: 0.93
    Marker Score: 1885
  • Cell Name: mature T cell (CL0002419)
    Fold Change: 0.92
    Marker Score: 9111
  • Cell Name: thymocyte (CL0000893)
    Fold Change: 0.92
    Marker Score: 960
  • Cell Name: tuft cell of colon (CL0009041)
    Fold Change: 0.92
    Marker Score: 472
  • Cell Name: granulocyte (CL0000094)
    Fold Change: 0.91
    Marker Score: 409
  • Cell Name: fibroblast of connective tissue of prostate (CL1000299)
    Fold Change: 0.91
    Marker Score: 227
  • Cell Name: BEST4+ intestinal epithelial cell, human (CL4030026)
    Fold Change: 0.91
    Marker Score: 429
  • Cell Name: stromal cell of ovary (CL0002132)
    Fold Change: 0.91
    Marker Score: 10212
  • Cell Name: transit amplifying cell (CL0009010)
    Fold Change: 0.91
    Marker Score: 5166
  • Cell Name: prostate stromal cell (CL0002622)
    Fold Change: 0.9
    Marker Score: 227
  • Cell Name: Leydig cell (CL0000178)
    Fold Change: 0.9
    Marker Score: 973
  • Cell Name: abnormal cell (CL0001061)
    Fold Change: 0.9
    Marker Score: 2684
  • Cell Name: effector CD8-positive, alpha-beta T cell (CL0001050)
    Fold Change: 0.89
    Marker Score: 752
  • Cell Name: common dendritic progenitor (CL0001029)
    Fold Change: 0.89
    Marker Score: 306
  • Cell Name: Sertoli cell (CL0000216)
    Fold Change: 0.88
    Marker Score: 5214
  • Cell Name: plasma cell (CL0000786)
    Fold Change: 0.88
    Marker Score: 978
  • Cell Name: promyelocyte (CL0000836)
    Fold Change: 0.87
    Marker Score: 432
  • Cell Name: neoplastic cell (CL0001063)
    Fold Change: 0.87
    Marker Score: 5290
  • Cell Name: kidney interstitial cell (CL1000500)
    Fold Change: 0.87
    Marker Score: 616.5
  • Cell Name: leukocyte (CL0000738)
    Fold Change: 0.85
    Marker Score: 490
  • Cell Name: epithelial cell of small intestine (CL0002254)
    Fold Change: 0.85
    Marker Score: 307
  • Cell Name: theca cell (CL0000503)
    Fold Change: 0.85
    Marker Score: 608
  • Cell Name: papillary tips cell (CL1000597)
    Fold Change: 0.85
    Marker Score: 171
  • Cell Name: prostate gland microvascular endothelial cell (CL2000059)
    Fold Change: 0.84
    Marker Score: 327
  • Cell Name: epithelial cell (CL0000066)
    Fold Change: 0.84
    Marker Score: 1335
  • Cell Name: type A enteroendocrine cell (CL0002067)
    Fold Change: 0.84
    Marker Score: 337
  • Cell Name: enterocyte of epithelium of large intestine (CL0002071)
    Fold Change: 0.84
    Marker Score: 833
  • Cell Name: basal cell of prostate epithelium (CL0002341)
    Fold Change: 0.83
    Marker Score: 2035.5
  • Cell Name: inflammatory cell (CL0009002)
    Fold Change: 0.83
    Marker Score: 356
  • Cell Name: hematopoietic multipotent progenitor cell (CL0000837)
    Fold Change: 0.83
    Marker Score: 403
  • Cell Name: intestinal epithelial cell (CL0002563)
    Fold Change: 0.81
    Marker Score: 1323
  • Cell Name: transit amplifying cell of small intestine (CL0009012)
    Fold Change: 0.81
    Marker Score: 334

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Other Information

**Key characteristics:** - The gene is located on chromosome 19p13.1. - It is a multi-exon gene, with multiple transcripts encoding different isoforms of the protein. - The protein is a chaperone protein that helps to repair DNA damage by binding to the ends of DNA breaks and facilitating the repair process. **Pathways and functions:** - The KPNA2 gene is involved in the antiviral mechanism of interferons, which are proteins that are produced by infected cells to stimulate the immune system to fight off infection. - It is also involved in the regulation of cytokine signaling in the immune system. - It is involved in the Dna double-strand break repair pathway, where it helps to repair DNA damage caused by ionizing radiation and other forms of DNA damage. - It is also involved in the Dna double strand break response pathway, where it helps to repair DNA damage caused by viruses. **Clinical significance:** - Mutations in the KPNA2 gene have been linked to an increased risk of certain types of cancer, including breast cancer, lung cancer, and colon cancer. - Targeting the KPNA2 gene has been investigated as a cancer treatment strategy.

Genular Protein ID: 1653149281

Symbol: IMA1_HUMAN

Name: Karyopherin subunit alpha-2

UniProtKB Accession Codes:

P52292 B9EJD6 Q53YE3 Q6NVW7 Q9BRU5

Database IDs:

AGR 1 AlphaFoldDB 1 Antibodypedia 1 Bgee 1 BindingDB 1 BioGRID 1 BioGRID-ORCS 1 BioMuta 1 CCDS 1 CORUM 1 CPTAC 2 CTD 1 ChEMBL 1 ChiTaRS 1 ComplexPortal 1 DIP 1 DMDM 1 DNASU 1 DisGeNET 1 EMBL 8 EPD 1 Ensembl 6 EvolutionaryTrace 1 ExpressionAtlas 1 GO 20 Gene3D 2 GeneCards 1 GeneTree 1 GeneWiki 1 Genevisible 1 GenomeRNAi 1 GlyGen 1 HGNC 2 HOGENOM 1 HPA 1 IDEAL 1 InParanoid 1 IntAct 1 InterPro 7 KEGG 1 MANE-Select 1 MIM 1 MINT 1 MassIVE 1 MaxQB 1 NCBI Taxonomy 1 OMA 1 OpenTargets 1 OrthoDB 1 PANTHER 2 PDB 19 PDBsum 13 PIR 1 PIRSF 1 PRO 1 PROSITE 2 PROSITE-ProRule 1 PathwayCommons 1 PaxDb 1 PeptideAtlas 1 Pfam 3 PharmGKB 1 Pharos 1 PhosphoSitePlus 1 PhylomeDB 1 Proteomes 1 ProteomicsDB 1 Pumba 1 RNAct 1 Reactome 8 RefSeq 2 SAM 1 SASBDB 1 SIGNOR 1 SMART 1 SMR 1 STRING 1 SUPFAM 1 SWISS-2DPAGE 1 SignaLink 1 SwissPalm 1 TCDB 1 TreeFam 1 UCSC 1 UniProtKB 1 VEuPathDB 1 eggNOG 1 iPTMnet 1 jPOST 1 neXtProt 1

Citations:

PubMed ID: 7754385

Title: Identification of hSRP1 alpha as a functional receptor for nuclear localization sequences.

PubMed ID: 7754385

DOI: 10.1126/science.7754385

PubMed ID: 11735022

Title: Genomic structure of karyopherin alpha2 (KPNA2) within a low-copy repeat on chromosome 17q23-q24 and mutation analysis in patients with Russell-Silver syndrome.

PubMed ID: 11735022

DOI: 10.1007/s004390100605

PubMed ID: 15489334

Title: The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC).

PubMed ID: 15489334

DOI: 10.1101/gr.2596504

PubMed ID: 8016130

Title: Rch1, a protein that specifically interacts with the RAG-1 recombination-activating protein.

PubMed ID: 8016130

DOI: 10.1073/pnas.91.13.6156

PubMed ID: 7604027

Title: Mammalian karyopherin alpha 1 beta and alpha 2 beta heterodimers: alpha 1 or alpha 2 subunit binds nuclear localization signal and beta subunit interacts with peptide repeat-containing nucleoporins.

PubMed ID: 7604027

DOI: 10.1073/pnas.92.14.6532

PubMed ID: 8617227

Title: The conserved amino-terminal domain of hSRP1 alpha is essential for nuclear protein import.

PubMed ID: 8617227

DOI: 10.1002/j.1460-2075.1996.tb00531.x

PubMed ID: 9323134

Title: Export of importin-alpha from the nucleus is mediated by a specific nuclear transport factor.

PubMed ID: 9323134

DOI: 10.1016/s0092-8674(00)80372-4

PubMed ID: 9020106

Title: Epstein-Barr virus nuclear antigen 1 forms a complex with the nuclear transporter karyopherin alpha2.

PubMed ID: 9020106

DOI: 10.1074/jbc.272.7.3999

PubMed ID: 9463369

Title: Viral protein R regulates nuclear import of the HIV-1 pre-integration complex.

PubMed ID: 9463369

DOI: 10.1093/emboj/17.4.909

PubMed ID: 9786944

Title: Determination of the functional domain organization of the importin alpha nuclear import factor.

PubMed ID: 9786944

DOI: 10.1083/jcb.143.2.309

PubMed ID: 10612665

Title: Epstein-barr virus nuclear antigen-1 binds to nuclear transporter karyopherin alpha1/NPI-1 in addition to karyopherin alpha2/Rch1.

PubMed ID: 10612665

DOI: 10.1006/viro.1999.0054

PubMed ID: 10980193

Title: ARL4, an ARF-like protein that is developmentally regulated and localized to nuclei and nucleoli.

PubMed ID: 10980193

DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m002470200

PubMed ID: 11882654

Title: Identification of a karyopherin alpha 2 recognition site in PLAG1, which functions as a nuclear localization signal.

PubMed ID: 11882654

DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m112112200

PubMed ID: 11840567

Title: Cluster analysis of an extensive human breast cancer cell line protein expression map database.

PubMed ID: 11840567

DOI: 10.1002/1615-9861(200202)2:2<212::aid-prot212>3.0.co;2-h

PubMed ID: 16188882

Title: Importin KPNA2 is required for proper nuclear localization and multiple functions of NBS1.

PubMed ID: 16188882

DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m508425200

PubMed ID: 15942031

Title: Analysis of nuclear transport signals in the human apurinic/apyrimidinic endonuclease (APE1/Ref1).

PubMed ID: 15942031

DOI: 10.1093/nar/gki641

PubMed ID: 17081983

Title: Global, in vivo, and site-specific phosphorylation dynamics in signaling networks.

PubMed ID: 17081983

DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2006.09.026

PubMed ID: 16964243

Title: A probability-based approach for high-throughput protein phosphorylation analysis and site localization.

PubMed ID: 16964243

DOI: 10.1038/nbt1240

PubMed ID: 17596301

Title: Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus ORF6 antagonizes STAT1 function by sequestering nuclear import factors on the rough endoplasmic reticulum/Golgi membrane.

PubMed ID: 17596301

DOI: 10.1128/jvi.01012-07

PubMed ID: 18220336

Title: Combining protein-based IMAC, peptide-based IMAC, and MudPIT for efficient phosphoproteomic analysis.

PubMed ID: 18220336

DOI: 10.1021/pr0705441

PubMed ID: 18691976

Title: Kinase-selective enrichment enables quantitative phosphoproteomics of the kinome across the cell cycle.

PubMed ID: 18691976

DOI: 10.1016/j.molcel.2008.07.007

PubMed ID: 18669648

Title: A quantitative atlas of mitotic phosphorylation.

PubMed ID: 18669648

DOI: 10.1073/pnas.0805139105

PubMed ID: 19413330

Title: Lys-N and trypsin cover complementary parts of the phosphoproteome in a refined SCX-based approach.

PubMed ID: 19413330

DOI: 10.1021/ac9004309

PubMed ID: 19386897

Title: Characterization of Snail nuclear import pathways as representatives of C2H2 zinc finger transcription factors.

PubMed ID: 19386897

DOI: 10.1242/jcs.041749

PubMed ID: 19690332

Title: Quantitative phosphoproteomic analysis of T cell receptor signaling reveals system-wide modulation of protein-protein interactions.

PubMed ID: 19690332

DOI: 10.1126/scisignal.2000007

PubMed ID: 20068231

Title: Quantitative phosphoproteomics reveals widespread full phosphorylation site occupancy during mitosis.

PubMed ID: 20068231

DOI: 10.1126/scisignal.2000475

PubMed ID: 20147401

Title: Venezuelan equine encephalitis virus capsid protein forms a tetrameric complex with CRM1 and importin alpha/beta that obstructs nuclear pore complex function.

PubMed ID: 20147401

DOI: 10.1128/jvi.02554-09

PubMed ID: 21269460

Title: Initial characterization of the human central proteome.

PubMed ID: 21269460

DOI: 10.1186/1752-0509-5-17

PubMed ID: 21454664

Title: Importin alpha protein acts as a negative regulator for Snail protein nuclear import.

PubMed ID: 21454664

DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m110.213579

PubMed ID: 21385873

Title: CTNNBL1 is a novel nuclear localization sequence-binding protein that recognizes RNA-splicing factors CDC5L and Prp31.

PubMed ID: 21385873

DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m110.208769

PubMed ID: 21699900

Title: Facioscapulohumeral muscular dystrophy region gene 1 is a dynamic RNA-associated and actin-bundling protein.

PubMed ID: 21699900

DOI: 10.1016/j.jmb.2011.06.014

PubMed ID: 21406692

Title: System-wide temporal characterization of the proteome and phosphoproteome of human embryonic stem cell differentiation.

PubMed ID: 21406692

DOI: 10.1126/scisignal.2001570

PubMed ID: 22814378

Title: N-terminal acetylome analyses and functional insights of the N-terminal acetyltransferase NatB.

PubMed ID: 22814378

DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1210303109

PubMed ID: 23186163

Title: Toward a comprehensive characterization of a human cancer cell phosphoproteome.

PubMed ID: 23186163

DOI: 10.1021/pr300630k

PubMed ID: 29042515

Title: Structural basis for regulation of the nucleo-cytoplasmic distribution of Bag6 by TRC35.

PubMed ID: 29042515

DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1702940114

PubMed ID: 30848123

Title: Zika Virus NS5 Forms Supramolecular Nuclear Bodies That Sequester Importin-alpha and Modulate the Host Immune and Pro-Inflammatory Response in Neuronal Cells.

PubMed ID: 30848123

DOI: 10.1021/acsinfecdis.8b00373

PubMed ID: 32979938

Title: Evasion of Type I Interferon by SARS-CoV-2.

PubMed ID: 32979938

DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2020.108234

PubMed ID: 36647821

Title: Karyopherin alpha deficiency contributes to human preimplantation embryo arrest.

PubMed ID: 36647821

DOI: 10.1172/jci159951

PubMed ID: 10353244

Title: Structure of importin-beta bound to the IBB domain of importin-alpha.

PubMed ID: 10353244

DOI: 10.1038/20367

Sequence Information:

  • Length: 529
  • Mass: 57862
  • Checksum: B0F94A0475B80EED
  • Sequence:
    • MSTNENANTP AARLHRFKNK GKDSTEMRRR RIEVNVELRK AKKDDQMLKR RNVSSFPDDA 
TSPLQENRNN QGTVNWSVDD IVKGINSSNV ENQLQATQAA RKLLSREKQP PIDNIIRAGL 
IPKFVSFLGR TDCSPIQFES AWALTNIASG TSEQTKAVVD GGAIPAFISL LASPHAHISE 
QAVWALGNIA GDGSVFRDLV IKYGAVDPLL ALLAVPDMSS LACGYLRNLT WTLSNLCRNK 
NPAPPIDAVE QILPTLVRLL HHDDPEVLAD TCWAISYLTD GPNERIGMVV KTGVVPQLVK 
LLGASELPIV TPALRAIGNI VTGTDEQTQV VIDAGALAVF PSLLTNPKTN IQKEATWTMS 
NITAGRQDQI QQVVNHGLVP FLVSVLSKAD FKTQKEAVWA VTNYTSGGTV EQIVYLVHCG 
IIEPLMNLLT AKDTKIILVI LDAISNIFQA AEKLGETEKL SIMIEECGGL DKIEALQNHE 
NESVYKASLS LIEKYFSVEE EEDQNVVPET TSEGYTFQVQ DGAPGTFNF

Database document:

This is a preview of the gene's schema. Only a few entries are kept for 'singleCellExpressions,' 'mRNAExpressions,' and other large data arrays for visualization purposes. For the full schema, download it here.