Details for: PGD

Gene ID: 5226

Symbol: PGD

Ensembl ID: ENSG00000142657

Description: phosphogluconate dehydrogenase

Associated with

Cells (max top 100)

(Cell Significance Index and respective Thresholds are uniquely calculated using our advanced thresholding algorithms to reveal cell-specific gene markers)

  • Cell Name: polychromatophilic erythroblast (CL0000550)
    Fold Change: 213.2499
    Cell Significance Index: -33.1700
  • Cell Name: embryonic stem cell (CL0002322)
    Fold Change: 96.4929
    Cell Significance Index: -39.7500
  • Cell Name: hematopoietic oligopotent progenitor cell (CL0002032)
    Fold Change: 96.3558
    Cell Significance Index: -24.4400
  • Cell Name: smooth muscle fiber of ileum (CL1000278)
    Fold Change: 83.8765
    Cell Significance Index: -39.6000
  • Cell Name: mucosal type mast cell (CL0000485)
    Fold Change: 83.5739
    Cell Significance Index: -33.9500
  • Cell Name: peripheral blood mononuclear cell (CL2000001)
    Fold Change: 74.0496
    Cell Significance Index: -38.0900
  • Cell Name: ciliated cell of the bronchus (CL0002332)
    Fold Change: 36.0516
    Cell Significance Index: -34.4200
  • Cell Name: orthochromatic erythroblast (CL0000552)
    Fold Change: 29.1495
    Cell Significance Index: -35.9400
  • Cell Name: CD8-alpha-beta-positive, alpha-beta intraepithelial T cell (CL0000796)
    Fold Change: 13.3266
    Cell Significance Index: -35.7000
  • Cell Name: stromal cell of bone marrow (CL0010001)
    Fold Change: 9.3752
    Cell Significance Index: -37.0000
  • Cell Name: CD14-positive, CD16-negative classical monocyte (CL0002057)
    Fold Change: 4.6376
    Cell Significance Index: 85.7200
  • Cell Name: pro-T cell (CL0000827)
    Fold Change: 2.7585
    Cell Significance Index: 70.4700
  • Cell Name: skeletal muscle myoblast (CL0000515)
    Fold Change: 1.7946
    Cell Significance Index: 19.5100
  • Cell Name: gut absorptive cell (CL0000677)
    Fold Change: 1.6902
    Cell Significance Index: 101.4700
  • Cell Name: basal epithelial cell of tracheobronchial tree (CL0002329)
    Fold Change: 1.6653
    Cell Significance Index: 46.5400
  • Cell Name: umbrella cell of urothelium (CL4030056)
    Fold Change: 1.4177
    Cell Significance Index: 13.0600
  • Cell Name: fibroblast of dermis (CL0002551)
    Fold Change: 1.3745
    Cell Significance Index: 28.7700
  • Cell Name: interstitial cell of ovary (CL0002094)
    Fold Change: 1.2177
    Cell Significance Index: 15.6000
  • Cell Name: intestinal crypt stem cell of colon (CL0009043)
    Fold Change: 1.1967
    Cell Significance Index: 130.1700
  • Cell Name: germ cell (CL0000586)
    Fold Change: 1.1814
    Cell Significance Index: 8.9200
  • Cell Name: intermediate cell of urothelium (CL4030055)
    Fold Change: 1.0894
    Cell Significance Index: 196.3900
  • Cell Name: mesonephric nephron tubule epithelial cell (CL1000022)
    Fold Change: 1.0783
    Cell Significance Index: 37.4700
  • Cell Name: cell in vitro (CL0001034)
    Fold Change: 1.0122
    Cell Significance Index: 552.8000
  • Cell Name: basal cell of urothelium (CL1000486)
    Fold Change: 0.9881
    Cell Significance Index: 121.5000
  • Cell Name: granulosa cell (CL0000501)
    Fold Change: 0.9439
    Cell Significance Index: 24.8200
  • Cell Name: epithelial cell of small intestine (CL0002254)
    Fold Change: 0.8282
    Cell Significance Index: 134.7000
  • Cell Name: monocyte-derived dendritic cell (CL0011031)
    Fold Change: 0.7357
    Cell Significance Index: 12.6400
  • Cell Name: kidney cell (CL1000497)
    Fold Change: 0.7314
    Cell Significance Index: 5.8400
  • Cell Name: placental villous trophoblast (CL2000060)
    Fold Change: 0.6558
    Cell Significance Index: 17.5100
  • Cell Name: fibroblast of mammary gland (CL0002555)
    Fold Change: 0.5784
    Cell Significance Index: 16.5800
  • Cell Name: CD4-positive, alpha-beta memory T cell, CD45RO-positive (CL0001204)
    Fold Change: 0.5094
    Cell Significance Index: 14.9600
  • Cell Name: early pro-B cell (CL0002046)
    Fold Change: 0.4813
    Cell Significance Index: 31.0500
  • Cell Name: neoplastic cell (CL0001063)
    Fold Change: 0.4278
    Cell Significance Index: 84.8900
  • Cell Name: paneth cell of epithelium of small intestine (CL1000343)
    Fold Change: 0.3891
    Cell Significance Index: 8.4300
  • Cell Name: luminal adaptive secretory precursor cell of mammary gland (CL4033057)
    Fold Change: 0.3884
    Cell Significance Index: 18.2600
  • Cell Name: L2/3-6 intratelencephalic projecting glutamatergic neuron (CL4023040)
    Fold Change: 0.3529
    Cell Significance Index: 70.7900
  • Cell Name: GABAergic interneuron (CL0011005)
    Fold Change: 0.3511
    Cell Significance Index: 242.8500
  • Cell Name: stromal cell of ovary (CL0002132)
    Fold Change: 0.3236
    Cell Significance Index: 44.4400
  • Cell Name: bladder urothelial cell (CL1001428)
    Fold Change: 0.2936
    Cell Significance Index: 15.2500
  • Cell Name: enterocyte of epithelium of small intestine (CL1000334)
    Fold Change: 0.2803
    Cell Significance Index: 8.0800
  • Cell Name: mesenchymal cell (CL0008019)
    Fold Change: 0.2787
    Cell Significance Index: 4.6600
  • Cell Name: tuft cell of colon (CL0009041)
    Fold Change: 0.2706
    Cell Significance Index: 244.3200
  • Cell Name: lactocyte (CL0002325)
    Fold Change: 0.2612
    Cell Significance Index: 33.7500
  • Cell Name: neutrophil progenitor cell (CL0000834)
    Fold Change: 0.2568
    Cell Significance Index: 6.8700
  • Cell Name: hair follicular keratinocyte (CL2000092)
    Fold Change: 0.2371
    Cell Significance Index: 104.8400
  • Cell Name: anterior lens cell (CL0002223)
    Fold Change: 0.2323
    Cell Significance Index: 428.3500
  • Cell Name: acinar cell of salivary gland (CL0002623)
    Fold Change: 0.2119
    Cell Significance Index: 9.8800
  • Cell Name: obsolete caudal ganglionic eminence derived GABAergic cortical interneuron (CL4023070)
    Fold Change: 0.2005
    Cell Significance Index: 71.9200
  • Cell Name: tonsil germinal center B cell (CL2000006)
    Fold Change: 0.1665
    Cell Significance Index: 19.6300
  • Cell Name: colon goblet cell (CL0009039)
    Fold Change: 0.1527
    Cell Significance Index: 15.1100
  • Cell Name: eye photoreceptor cell (CL0000287)
    Fold Change: 0.1209
    Cell Significance Index: 7.6200
  • Cell Name: pancreatic PP cell (CL0002275)
    Fold Change: 0.0906
    Cell Significance Index: 56.6000
  • Cell Name: progenitor cell of mammary luminal epithelium (CL0009116)
    Fold Change: 0.0822
    Cell Significance Index: 6.1300
  • Cell Name: pancreatic acinar cell (CL0002064)
    Fold Change: 0.0676
    Cell Significance Index: 11.5400
  • Cell Name: lens epithelial cell (CL0002224)
    Fold Change: 0.0670
    Cell Significance Index: 103.0900
  • Cell Name: enterocyte of epithelium of large intestine (CL0002071)
    Fold Change: 0.0534
    Cell Significance Index: 2.4200
  • Cell Name: retinal progenitor cell (CL0002672)
    Fold Change: 0.0365
    Cell Significance Index: 2.0500
  • Cell Name: odontoblast (CL0000060)
    Fold Change: 0.0356
    Cell Significance Index: 4.5700
  • Cell Name: sebum secreting cell (CL0000317)
    Fold Change: 0.0303
    Cell Significance Index: 2.1400
  • Cell Name: transit amplifying cell of colon (CL0009011)
    Fold Change: 0.0300
    Cell Significance Index: 0.9600
  • Cell Name: non-pigmented ciliary epithelial cell (CL0002304)
    Fold Change: 0.0075
    Cell Significance Index: 4.7800
  • Cell Name: pigmented epithelial cell (CL0000529)
    Fold Change: 0.0062
    Cell Significance Index: 11.6200
  • Cell Name: pulmonary alveolar epithelial cell (CL0000322)
    Fold Change: 0.0035
    Cell Significance Index: 2.6700
  • Cell Name: secondary lens fiber (CL0002225)
    Fold Change: -0.0022
    Cell Significance Index: -2.9600
  • Cell Name: lung endothelial cell (CL1001567)
    Fold Change: -0.0048
    Cell Significance Index: -0.2500
  • Cell Name: pancreatic A cell (CL0000171)
    Fold Change: -0.0100
    Cell Significance Index: -7.4100
  • Cell Name: abnormal cell (CL0001061)
    Fold Change: -0.0129
    Cell Significance Index: -1.3200
  • Cell Name: enteroendocrine cell of colon (CL0009042)
    Fold Change: -0.0156
    Cell Significance Index: -2.9600
  • Cell Name: small intestine goblet cell (CL1000495)
    Fold Change: -0.0222
    Cell Significance Index: -0.7800
  • Cell Name: pigmented ciliary epithelial cell (CL0002303)
    Fold Change: -0.0301
    Cell Significance Index: -4.3800
  • Cell Name: kidney loop of Henle cortical thick ascending limb epithelial cell (CL1001109)
    Fold Change: -0.0308
    Cell Significance Index: -22.5700
  • Cell Name: ciliary muscle cell (CL1000443)
    Fold Change: -0.0315
    Cell Significance Index: -14.3100
  • Cell Name: type B pancreatic cell (CL0000169)
    Fold Change: -0.0399
    Cell Significance Index: -22.4900
  • Cell Name: pancreatic D cell (CL0000173)
    Fold Change: -0.0837
    Cell Significance Index: -17.6300
  • Cell Name: dopaminergic neuron (CL0000700)
    Fold Change: -0.1013
    Cell Significance Index: -29.1600
  • Cell Name: epithelial cell of stomach (CL0002178)
    Fold Change: -0.1073
    Cell Significance Index: -12.5100
  • Cell Name: pancreatic ductal cell (CL0002079)
    Fold Change: -0.1309
    Cell Significance Index: -15.0000
  • Cell Name: conjunctival epithelial cell (CL1000432)
    Fold Change: -0.1389
    Cell Significance Index: -1.9000
  • Cell Name: corneal epithelial cell (CL0000575)
    Fold Change: -0.1883
    Cell Significance Index: -2.6800
  • Cell Name: enteroendocrine cell of small intestine (CL0009006)
    Fold Change: -0.1900
    Cell Significance Index: -4.7500
  • Cell Name: cardiac muscle myoblast (CL0000513)
    Fold Change: -0.2081
    Cell Significance Index: -15.9700
  • Cell Name: intestinal crypt stem cell of small intestine (CL0009017)
    Fold Change: -0.2310
    Cell Significance Index: -4.9200
  • Cell Name: retinal rod cell (CL0000604)
    Fold Change: -0.2332
    Cell Significance Index: -2.7800
  • Cell Name: pancreatic endocrine cell (CL0008024)
    Fold Change: -0.2887
    Cell Significance Index: -32.9500
  • Cell Name: glycinergic neuron (CL1001509)
    Fold Change: -0.3038
    Cell Significance Index: -15.9500
  • Cell Name: smooth muscle cell of sphincter of pupil (CL0002243)
    Fold Change: -0.3423
    Cell Significance Index: -35.6500
  • Cell Name: intestinal tuft cell (CL0019032)
    Fold Change: -0.3565
    Cell Significance Index: -21.8600
  • Cell Name: forebrain neuroblast (CL1000042)
    Fold Change: -0.3574
    Cell Significance Index: -21.9700
  • Cell Name: cortical cell of adrenal gland (CL0002097)
    Fold Change: -0.3850
    Cell Significance Index: -10.3200
  • Cell Name: hippocampal granule cell (CL0001033)
    Fold Change: -0.4218
    Cell Significance Index: -28.3600
  • Cell Name: kidney loop of Henle descending limb epithelial cell (CL1001021)
    Fold Change: -0.4302
    Cell Significance Index: -34.0800
  • Cell Name: leptomeningeal cell (CL0000708)
    Fold Change: -0.4912
    Cell Significance Index: -10.5000
  • Cell Name: endothelial cell of placenta (CL0009092)
    Fold Change: -0.5181
    Cell Significance Index: -3.1300
  • Cell Name: basal cell of prostate epithelium (CL0002341)
    Fold Change: -0.6051
    Cell Significance Index: -16.4700
  • Cell Name: intestinal epithelial cell (CL0002563)
    Fold Change: -0.6178
    Cell Significance Index: -6.4000
  • Cell Name: kidney epithelial cell (CL0002518)
    Fold Change: -0.6308
    Cell Significance Index: -18.5800
  • Cell Name: neuroblast (sensu Vertebrata) (CL0000031)
    Fold Change: -0.6425
    Cell Significance Index: -4.1800
  • Cell Name: indirect pathway medium spiny neuron (CL4023029)
    Fold Change: -0.6525
    Cell Significance Index: -28.8600
  • Cell Name: mesodermal cell (CL0000222)
    Fold Change: -0.6789
    Cell Significance Index: -4.2500
  • Cell Name: Hofbauer cell (CL3000001)
    Fold Change: -0.7297
    Cell Significance Index: -5.9500

Cell ID: Standard Cell Ontology term used for mapping and comparing cells across experiments. Ensures consistency in analyzing cellular functions across tissues.
Fold Change: Represents the ratio of the current Cell Significance Index to the Cell Significance Index Threshold, indicating how much the gene expression has changed compared to a baseline.
Cell Significance Index: Reflects how strongly a gene is expressed in this specific cell.

Cell ID: Standard Cell Ontology term used for mapping and comparing cells across experiments. Ensures consistency in analyzing cellular functions across tissues.
Fold Change: Represents the ratio of the current Cell Significance Index to the Cell Significance Index Threshold, indicating how much the gene expression has changed compared to a baseline.
Cell Significance Index: Reflects how strongly a gene is expressed in this cell type. Calculated using techniques like effect size estimation and bootstrapping for reliability.

Cell ID: Standard Cell Ontology term used for mapping and comparing cells across experiments. Ensures consistency in analyzing cellular functions across tissues.
Fold Change: Represents the ratio of the current Cell Significance Index to the Cell Significance Index Threshold, indicating how much the gene expression has changed compared to a baseline.
Cell Significance Index: Reflects how strongly a gene is expressed in this cell type. Calculated using techniques like effect size estimation and bootstrapping for reliability.

Other Information

**Key Characteristics:** PGD is a decarboxylating enzyme that catalyzes the conversion of 6-phosphogluconate to ribulose-5-phosphate, generating NADPH and pentoses in the PPP. The enzyme is composed of two subunits, a catalytic subunit and a regulatory subunit, which interact to modulate its activity. PGD is highly expressed in various cell types, including immune cells, epithelial cells, and blood cells, suggesting its critical role in maintaining cellular homeostasis and immune function. **Pathways and Functions:** The pentose phosphate pathway (PPP) is a metabolic process that generates NADPH, pentoses, and other metabolites essential for various cellular functions. PGD is a key enzyme in this pathway, catalyzing the conversion of 6-phosphogluconate to ribulose-5-phosphate. The PPP plays a crucial role in: 1. **Redox balance:** NADPH generated by PGD is essential for maintaining the balance of redox reactions in cells, protecting against oxidative stress and DNA damage. 2. **Nucleotide synthesis:** Pentoses generated by PGD are used to synthesize nucleotides, essential for DNA and RNA synthesis. 3. **Immune response:** PGD is highly expressed in immune cells, suggesting its critical role in regulating immune responses, including inflammation and immune cell activation. **Clinical Significance:** PGD has significant clinical implications, particularly in the context of immune response and disease. Abnormalities in PGD expression or activity have been linked to various diseases, including: 1. **Immune-mediated disorders:** PGD dysfunction has been implicated in autoimmune diseases, such as rheumatoid arthritis and lupus, where immune cell activation and inflammation are key features. 2. **Cancer:** PGD expression is often reduced in cancer cells, leading to impaired redox balance and increased oxidative stress, contributing to cancer progression. 3. **Neurological disorders:** PGD has been implicated in neurodegenerative diseases, such as Alzheimer's and Parkinson's, where oxidative stress and inflammation play key roles. In conclusion, PGD is a critical enzyme in the pentose phosphate pathway, essential for maintaining redox balance, nucleotide synthesis, and immune function. Its clinical significance highlights the importance of PGD in regulating immune responses and preventing disease. Further research is needed to elucidate the molecular mechanisms underlying PGD dysfunction and its implications in human disease.

Genular Protein ID: 20646162

Symbol: 6PGD_HUMAN

Name: 6-phosphogluconate dehydrogenase, decarboxylating

UniProtKB Accession Codes:

P52209 A8K2Y9 B4DQJ8 Q9BWD8

Database IDs:

AGR 1 AlphaFoldDB 1 Antibodypedia 1 BRENDA 1 Bgee 1 BindingDB 1 BioCyc 1 BioGRID 1 BioGRID-ORCS 1 BioMuta 1 CCDS 1 CPTAC 3 CTD 1 ChEBI 10 ChEMBL 1 ChiTaRS 1 DMDM 1 DNASU 1 DisGeNET 1 DrugBank 9 EC 2 EMBL 6 Ensembl 1 EvolutionaryTrace 1 ExpressionAtlas 1 GO 9 Gene3D 2 GeneCards 1 GeneTree 1 GenomeRNAi 1 GlyGen 1 HGNC 1 HOGENOM 1 HPA 1 InParanoid 1 IntAct 1 InterPro 8 KEGG 1 MANE-Select 1 MIM 1 MINT 1 MassIVE 1 MetOSite 1 NCBI Taxonomy 1 NCBIfam 1 OMA 1 OpenTargets 1 OrthoDB 1 PANTHER 2 PDB 4 PDBsum 4 PIR 1 PIRSF 1 PRIDE 1 PRINTS 1 PRO 1 PROSITE 1 PathwayCommons 1 PaxDb 1 PeptideAtlas 1 Pfam 2 PharmGKB 1 Pharos 1 PhosphoSitePlus 1 PhylomeDB 1 Proteomes 1 ProteomicsDB 2 Pumba 1 RNAct 1 Reactome 2 RefSeq 3 Rhea 1 SABIO-RK 1 SIGNOR 1 SMART 1 SMR 1 STRING 1 SUPFAM 2 SignaLink 1 SwissPalm 1 TopDownProteomics 1 TreeFam 1 UCSC 1 UniPathway 1 VEuPathDB 1 eggNOG 1 iPTMnet 1 jPOST 1 neXtProt 1

Citations:

PubMed ID: 8978909

Title: Identification of a cDNA encoding 6-phosphogluconate dehydrogenase from a human heart cDNA library.

PubMed ID: 8978909

DOI: 10.1007/bf00554412

PubMed ID: 14702039

Title: Complete sequencing and characterization of 21,243 full-length human cDNAs.

PubMed ID: 14702039

DOI: 10.1038/ng1285

PubMed ID: 16710414

Title: The DNA sequence and biological annotation of human chromosome 1.

PubMed ID: 16710414

DOI: 10.1038/nature04727

PubMed ID: 15489334

Title: The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC).

PubMed ID: 15489334

DOI: 10.1101/gr.2596504

PubMed ID: 19608861

Title: Lysine acetylation targets protein complexes and co-regulates major cellular functions.

PubMed ID: 19608861

DOI: 10.1126/science.1175371

PubMed ID: 21269460

Title: Initial characterization of the human central proteome.

PubMed ID: 21269460

DOI: 10.1186/1752-0509-5-17

PubMed ID: 24275569

Title: An enzyme assisted RP-RPLC approach for in-depth analysis of human liver phosphoproteome.

PubMed ID: 24275569

DOI: 10.1016/j.jprot.2013.11.014

Sequence Information:

  • Length: 483
  • Mass: 53140
  • Checksum: 6CEFC0077D1283E3
  • Sequence:
    • MAQADIALIG LAVMGQNLIL NMNDHGFVVC AFNRTVSKVD DFLANEAKGT KVVGAQSLKE 
MVSKLKKPRR IILLVKAGQA VDDFIEKLVP LLDTGDIIID GGNSEYRDTT RRCRDLKAKG 
ILFVGSGVSG GEEGARYGPS LMPGGNKEAW PHIKTIFQGI AAKVGTGEPC CDWVGDEGAG 
HFVKMVHNGI EYGDMQLICE AYHLMKDVLG MAQDEMAQAF EDWNKTELDS FLIEITANIL 
KFQDTDGKHL LPKIRDSAGQ KGTGKWTAIS ALEYGVPVTL IGEAVFARCL SSLKDERIQA 
SKKLKGPQKF QFDGDKKSFL EDIRKALYAS KIISYAQGFM LLRQAATEFG WTLNYGGIAL 
MWRGGCIIRS VFLGKIKDAF DRNPELQNLL LDDFFKSAVE NCQDSWRRAV STGVQAGIPM 
PCFTTALSFY DGYRHEMLPA SLIQAQRDYF GAHTYELLAK PGQFIHTNWT GHGGTVSSSS 
YNA

Genular Protein ID: 2229603535

Symbol: B4E2U0_HUMAN

Name: N/A

UniProtKB Accession Codes:

B4E2U0

Database IDs:

ARBA 6 AlphaFoldDB 1 BioGRID-ORCS 1 CTD 1 ChEBI 5 DNASU 1 DisGeNET 1 EC 1 EMBL 2 GO 5 Gene3D 2 InterPro 8 NCBI Taxonomy 1 NCBIfam 1 OrthoDB 1 PANTHER 2 PIRNR 1 PIRSF 1 PIRSR 1 PRINTS 1 PROSITE 1 PeptideAtlas 1 Pfam 2 RefSeq 1 Rhea 1 RuleBase 1 SMART 2 SUPFAM 2 UniPathway 1

Sequence Information:

  • Length: 461
  • Mass: 50792
  • Checksum: 05CBAD6DF9B986F9
  • Sequence:
    • MAQADIALIG LAVMGQNLIL NMNDHGFVVC AFNRTVSKVD DFLANEAKGT KVVGAQSLKE 
MVSKLKKPRR IILLVKAGQA VDDFIEKLRR CRDLKAKGIL FVGSGVSGGE EGARYGPSLM 
PGGNKEAWPH IKTIFQGIAA KVGTGEPCCD WVGDEGAGHF VKMVHNGIEY GDMQLICEAY 
HLMKDVLGMA QDEMAQAFED WNKTELDSFL IEITANILKF QDTNGKHLLP KIRDSAGQKG 
TGKWTAISAL EYGVPVTLIG EAVFARCLSS LKDERIQASK KLKGPQKFQF DGDKKSFLED 
IRKALYASKI ISYAQGFMLL RQAATEFGWT LNYGGIALMW RGGCIIRSVF LGKIKDAFDR 
NPELQNLLLD DFFKSAVENC QDSWRRAVST GVQAGIPMPC FTTALSFYDG YRHEMLPASL 
IQAQRDYFGA HTYELLAKPG QFIHTNWTGH GGTVSSSSYN A

Database document:

This is a preview of the gene's schema. Only a few entries are kept for 'singleCellExpressions,' 'mRNAExpressions,' and other large data arrays for visualization purposes. You can zoom in with the mouse wheel for a closer view, and the text will adjust automatically if necessary. For the full schema, download it here.