Details for: POLR2K

Gene ID: 5440

Symbol: POLR2K

Ensembl ID: ENSG00000147669

Description: RNA polymerase II, I and III subunit K

Associated with

Cells (max top 100)

(Cell Significance Index and respective Thresholds are uniquely calculated using our advanced thresholding algorithms to reveal cell-specific gene markers)

  • Cell Name: polychromatophilic erythroblast (CL0000550)
    Fold Change: 261.3388
    Cell Significance Index: -40.6500
  • Cell Name: hematopoietic oligopotent progenitor cell (CL0002032)
    Fold Change: 186.8371
    Cell Significance Index: -47.3900
  • Cell Name: embryonic stem cell (CL0002322)
    Fold Change: 140.9403
    Cell Significance Index: -58.0600
  • Cell Name: smooth muscle fiber of ileum (CL1000278)
    Fold Change: 121.6633
    Cell Significance Index: -57.4400
  • Cell Name: peripheral blood mononuclear cell (CL2000001)
    Fold Change: 107.7791
    Cell Significance Index: -55.4400
  • Cell Name: ileal goblet cell (CL1000326)
    Fold Change: 86.1969
    Cell Significance Index: -57.8400
  • Cell Name: orthochromatic erythroblast (CL0000552)
    Fold Change: 44.7218
    Cell Significance Index: -55.1400
  • Cell Name: CD8-alpha-beta-positive, alpha-beta intraepithelial T cell (CL0000796)
    Fold Change: 17.8695
    Cell Significance Index: -47.8700
  • Cell Name: stromal cell of bone marrow (CL0010001)
    Fold Change: 14.9010
    Cell Significance Index: -58.8000
  • Cell Name: CD8-positive, alpha-beta regulatory T cell (CL0000795)
    Fold Change: 13.1501
    Cell Significance Index: -40.3900
  • Cell Name: epidermal Langerhans cell (CL0002457)
    Fold Change: 7.5345
    Cell Significance Index: -16.4900
  • Cell Name: luminal hormone-sensing cell of mammary gland (CL4033058)
    Fold Change: 2.3293
    Cell Significance Index: 14.3400
  • Cell Name: epithelial cell of small intestine (CL0002254)
    Fold Change: 2.2107
    Cell Significance Index: 359.5500
  • Cell Name: progenitor cell of mammary luminal epithelium (CL0009116)
    Fold Change: 1.8391
    Cell Significance Index: 137.0700
  • Cell Name: fibroblast of dermis (CL0002551)
    Fold Change: 1.5503
    Cell Significance Index: 32.4500
  • Cell Name: stromal cell of ovary (CL0002132)
    Fold Change: 1.5488
    Cell Significance Index: 212.7000
  • Cell Name: basal cell of prostate epithelium (CL0002341)
    Fold Change: 1.5372
    Cell Significance Index: 41.8400
  • Cell Name: acinar cell of salivary gland (CL0002623)
    Fold Change: 1.4958
    Cell Significance Index: 69.7400
  • Cell Name: basal cell of urothelium (CL1000486)
    Fold Change: 1.4503
    Cell Significance Index: 178.3300
  • Cell Name: luminal adaptive secretory precursor cell of mammary gland (CL4033057)
    Fold Change: 1.4357
    Cell Significance Index: 67.4800
  • Cell Name: cell in vitro (CL0001034)
    Fold Change: 1.4142
    Cell Significance Index: 772.3500
  • Cell Name: fibroblast of mammary gland (CL0002555)
    Fold Change: 1.3807
    Cell Significance Index: 39.5800
  • Cell Name: umbrella cell of urothelium (CL4030056)
    Fold Change: 1.3069
    Cell Significance Index: 12.0400
  • Cell Name: glycinergic neuron (CL1001509)
    Fold Change: 1.2875
    Cell Significance Index: 67.6000
  • Cell Name: mesonephric nephron tubule epithelial cell (CL1000022)
    Fold Change: 1.2688
    Cell Significance Index: 44.0900
  • Cell Name: tonsil germinal center B cell (CL2000006)
    Fold Change: 1.2405
    Cell Significance Index: 146.2900
  • Cell Name: intermediate cell of urothelium (CL4030055)
    Fold Change: 1.2253
    Cell Significance Index: 220.8800
  • Cell Name: hair follicular keratinocyte (CL2000092)
    Fold Change: 1.2231
    Cell Significance Index: 540.7800
  • Cell Name: granulosa cell (CL0000501)
    Fold Change: 1.0150
    Cell Significance Index: 26.6900
  • Cell Name: sebum secreting cell (CL0000317)
    Fold Change: 0.9590
    Cell Significance Index: 67.8300
  • Cell Name: endothelial cell of venule (CL1000414)
    Fold Change: 0.9524
    Cell Significance Index: 10.8200
  • Cell Name: lactocyte (CL0002325)
    Fold Change: 0.9090
    Cell Significance Index: 117.4400
  • Cell Name: eye photoreceptor cell (CL0000287)
    Fold Change: 0.9071
    Cell Significance Index: 57.1700
  • Cell Name: skeletal muscle myoblast (CL0000515)
    Fold Change: 0.8683
    Cell Significance Index: 9.4400
  • Cell Name: odontoblast (CL0000060)
    Fold Change: 0.7918
    Cell Significance Index: 101.5100
  • Cell Name: kidney cell (CL1000497)
    Fold Change: 0.7853
    Cell Significance Index: 6.2700
  • Cell Name: CD4-positive, alpha-beta memory T cell, CD45RO-positive (CL0001204)
    Fold Change: 0.6667
    Cell Significance Index: 19.5800
  • Cell Name: bladder urothelial cell (CL1001428)
    Fold Change: 0.6591
    Cell Significance Index: 34.2400
  • Cell Name: early pro-B cell (CL0002046)
    Fold Change: 0.5746
    Cell Significance Index: 37.0700
  • Cell Name: colon goblet cell (CL0009039)
    Fold Change: 0.5216
    Cell Significance Index: 51.6000
  • Cell Name: vascular lymphangioblast (CL0005022)
    Fold Change: 0.3924
    Cell Significance Index: 6.9400
  • Cell Name: paneth cell of epithelium of small intestine (CL1000343)
    Fold Change: 0.3139
    Cell Significance Index: 6.8000
  • Cell Name: enteroendocrine cell of colon (CL0009042)
    Fold Change: 0.2842
    Cell Significance Index: 54.0900
  • Cell Name: dopaminergic neuron (CL0000700)
    Fold Change: 0.2241
    Cell Significance Index: 64.4700
  • Cell Name: L2/3-6 intratelencephalic projecting glutamatergic neuron (CL4023040)
    Fold Change: 0.2169
    Cell Significance Index: 43.5100
  • Cell Name: peg cell (CL4033014)
    Fold Change: 0.2138
    Cell Significance Index: 4.9400
  • Cell Name: placental villous trophoblast (CL2000060)
    Fold Change: 0.2127
    Cell Significance Index: 5.6800
  • Cell Name: pancreatic acinar cell (CL0002064)
    Fold Change: 0.1954
    Cell Significance Index: 33.3700
  • Cell Name: enterocyte of epithelium of large intestine (CL0002071)
    Fold Change: 0.1628
    Cell Significance Index: 7.3800
  • Cell Name: neoplastic cell (CL0001063)
    Fold Change: 0.1614
    Cell Significance Index: 32.0300
  • Cell Name: pulmonary alveolar epithelial cell (CL0000322)
    Fold Change: 0.1034
    Cell Significance Index: 78.2800
  • Cell Name: kidney loop of Henle cortical thick ascending limb epithelial cell (CL1001109)
    Fold Change: 0.0322
    Cell Significance Index: 23.6000
  • Cell Name: mesenchymal cell (CL0008019)
    Fold Change: 0.0239
    Cell Significance Index: 0.4000
  • Cell Name: pancreatic A cell (CL0000171)
    Fold Change: -0.0028
    Cell Significance Index: -2.0500
  • Cell Name: obsolete caudal ganglionic eminence derived GABAergic cortical interneuron (CL4023070)
    Fold Change: -0.0043
    Cell Significance Index: -1.5500
  • Cell Name: pancreatic PP cell (CL0002275)
    Fold Change: -0.0101
    Cell Significance Index: -6.3300
  • Cell Name: pigmented epithelial cell (CL0000529)
    Fold Change: -0.0217
    Cell Significance Index: -40.8300
  • Cell Name: anterior lens cell (CL0002223)
    Fold Change: -0.0374
    Cell Significance Index: -69.0400
  • Cell Name: abnormal cell (CL0001061)
    Fold Change: -0.0379
    Cell Significance Index: -3.8700
  • Cell Name: lens epithelial cell (CL0002224)
    Fold Change: -0.0443
    Cell Significance Index: -68.1300
  • Cell Name: type B pancreatic cell (CL0000169)
    Fold Change: -0.0481
    Cell Significance Index: -27.1300
  • Cell Name: secondary lens fiber (CL0002225)
    Fold Change: -0.0515
    Cell Significance Index: -70.0000
  • Cell Name: non-pigmented ciliary epithelial cell (CL0002304)
    Fold Change: -0.0709
    Cell Significance Index: -45.0000
  • Cell Name: pancreatic D cell (CL0000173)
    Fold Change: -0.0972
    Cell Significance Index: -20.4800
  • Cell Name: ciliary muscle cell (CL1000443)
    Fold Change: -0.1135
    Cell Significance Index: -51.5100
  • Cell Name: epithelial cell of stomach (CL0002178)
    Fold Change: -0.1406
    Cell Significance Index: -16.3900
  • Cell Name: pancreatic ductal cell (CL0002079)
    Fold Change: -0.2162
    Cell Significance Index: -24.7700
  • Cell Name: enterocyte of epithelium of small intestine (CL1000334)
    Fold Change: -0.2176
    Cell Significance Index: -6.2700
  • Cell Name: intestinal crypt stem cell of small intestine (CL0009017)
    Fold Change: -0.2282
    Cell Significance Index: -4.8600
  • Cell Name: pro-T cell (CL0000827)
    Fold Change: -0.2889
    Cell Significance Index: -7.3800
  • Cell Name: Hofbauer cell (CL3000001)
    Fold Change: -0.2943
    Cell Significance Index: -2.4000
  • Cell Name: pigmented ciliary epithelial cell (CL0002303)
    Fold Change: -0.3518
    Cell Significance Index: -51.1400
  • Cell Name: pancreatic endocrine cell (CL0008024)
    Fold Change: -0.3727
    Cell Significance Index: -42.5500
  • Cell Name: kidney loop of Henle descending limb epithelial cell (CL1001021)
    Fold Change: -0.3922
    Cell Significance Index: -31.0600
  • Cell Name: transit amplifying cell of colon (CL0009011)
    Fold Change: -0.4028
    Cell Significance Index: -12.9000
  • Cell Name: neutrophil progenitor cell (CL0000834)
    Fold Change: -0.4123
    Cell Significance Index: -11.0300
  • Cell Name: basal epithelial cell of tracheobronchial tree (CL0002329)
    Fold Change: -0.4958
    Cell Significance Index: -13.8600
  • Cell Name: gut absorptive cell (CL0000677)
    Fold Change: -0.5270
    Cell Significance Index: -31.6400
  • Cell Name: forebrain neuroblast (CL1000042)
    Fold Change: -0.5550
    Cell Significance Index: -34.1100
  • Cell Name: smooth muscle cell of sphincter of pupil (CL0002243)
    Fold Change: -0.5689
    Cell Significance Index: -59.2400
  • Cell Name: conjunctival epithelial cell (CL1000432)
    Fold Change: -0.5805
    Cell Significance Index: -7.9200
  • Cell Name: cortical cell of adrenal gland (CL0002097)
    Fold Change: -0.6734
    Cell Significance Index: -18.0500
  • Cell Name: cardiac muscle myoblast (CL0000513)
    Fold Change: -0.7026
    Cell Significance Index: -53.9200
  • Cell Name: hippocampal granule cell (CL0001033)
    Fold Change: -0.7140
    Cell Significance Index: -48.0100
  • Cell Name: small intestine goblet cell (CL1000495)
    Fold Change: -0.7692
    Cell Significance Index: -27.0300
  • Cell Name: endothelial cell of placenta (CL0009092)
    Fold Change: -0.7787
    Cell Significance Index: -4.7100
  • Cell Name: retinal progenitor cell (CL0002672)
    Fold Change: -0.7854
    Cell Significance Index: -44.0700
  • Cell Name: retinal rod cell (CL0000604)
    Fold Change: -0.8213
    Cell Significance Index: -9.7900
  • Cell Name: microcirculation associated smooth muscle cell (CL0008035)
    Fold Change: -0.8345
    Cell Significance Index: -7.0100
  • Cell Name: CD14-positive, CD16-negative classical monocyte (CL0002057)
    Fold Change: -0.8838
    Cell Significance Index: -16.3400
  • Cell Name: intestinal tuft cell (CL0019032)
    Fold Change: -0.9388
    Cell Significance Index: -57.5600
  • Cell Name: kidney epithelial cell (CL0002518)
    Fold Change: -0.9744
    Cell Significance Index: -28.7000
  • Cell Name: cone retinal bipolar cell (CL0000752)
    Fold Change: -1.0651
    Cell Significance Index: -8.2100
  • Cell Name: paneth cell of colon (CL0009009)
    Fold Change: -1.1345
    Cell Significance Index: -17.0000
  • Cell Name: intestinal epithelial cell (CL0002563)
    Fold Change: -1.2495
    Cell Significance Index: -12.9400
  • Cell Name: stratified epithelial cell (CL0000079)
    Fold Change: -1.2517
    Cell Significance Index: -45.9500
  • Cell Name: indirect pathway medium spiny neuron (CL4023029)
    Fold Change: -1.2717
    Cell Significance Index: -56.2500
  • Cell Name: skeletal muscle fiber (CL0008002)
    Fold Change: -1.2764
    Cell Significance Index: -32.8100
  • Cell Name: L5 extratelencephalic projecting glutamatergic cortical neuron (CL4023041)
    Fold Change: -1.4280
    Cell Significance Index: -50.0300
  • Cell Name: interstitial cell of ovary (CL0002094)
    Fold Change: -1.4774
    Cell Significance Index: -18.9200

Cell ID: Standard Cell Ontology term used for mapping and comparing cells across experiments. Ensures consistency in analyzing cellular functions across tissues.
Fold Change: Represents the ratio of the current Cell Significance Index to the Cell Significance Index Threshold, indicating how much the gene expression has changed compared to a baseline.
Cell Significance Index: Reflects how strongly a gene is expressed in this specific cell.

Cell ID: Standard Cell Ontology term used for mapping and comparing cells across experiments. Ensures consistency in analyzing cellular functions across tissues.
Fold Change: Represents the ratio of the current Cell Significance Index to the Cell Significance Index Threshold, indicating how much the gene expression has changed compared to a baseline.
Cell Significance Index: Reflects how strongly a gene is expressed in this cell type. Calculated using techniques like effect size estimation and bootstrapping for reliability.

Cell ID: Standard Cell Ontology term used for mapping and comparing cells across experiments. Ensures consistency in analyzing cellular functions across tissues.
Fold Change: Represents the ratio of the current Cell Significance Index to the Cell Significance Index Threshold, indicating how much the gene expression has changed compared to a baseline.
Cell Significance Index: Reflects how strongly a gene is expressed in this cell type. Calculated using techniques like effect size estimation and bootstrapping for reliability.

Other Information

**Key Characteristics** POLR2K is a subunit of RNA polymerase II, which is a multi-subunit enzyme composed of five polypeptides (RPA1, RPB1, RPB2, RPB3, and RPB5). POLR2K is specifically involved in the transcriptional regulation of HIV-1 and has been shown to interact with other proteins, such as the HIV-1 transactivator protein (Tat), to facilitate viral transcription. POLR2K is also involved in the regulation of cellular gene expression, particularly in the context of gene silencing and the processing of pre-mRNA. **Pathways and Functions** POLR2K is involved in various cellular pathways, including: 1. **Transcriptional regulation**: POLR2K plays a key role in the regulation of gene expression, particularly in the context of HIV-1 transcription. It interacts with other proteins, such as Tat, to facilitate viral transcription. 2. **Cell cycle regulation**: POLR2K is involved in the regulation of the cell cycle, particularly in the context of DNA repair and chromatin maintenance. 3. **DNA repair**: POLR2K is involved in the repair of DNA damage, particularly in the context of nucleotide excision repair (NER) and mismatch repair. 4. **Chromatin maintenance**: POLR2K is involved in the maintenance of chromatin structure and function, particularly in the context of histone modification and epigenetic regulation. 5. **HIV-1 life cycle**: POLR2K is specifically involved in the regulation of HIV-1 transcription and has been implicated in the development of HIV-1 resistance to antiretroviral therapy. **Clinical Significance** POLR2K has significant clinical implications, particularly in the context of HIV-1 infection and cancer. Studies have shown that POLR2K is involved in the regulation of HIV-1 transcription and that alterations in POLR2K expression or function can impact viral replication and disease progression. Additionally, POLR2K has been implicated in the development of certain cancers, including breast and lung cancer, where it may play a role in the regulation of gene expression and chromatin maintenance. In conclusion, POLR2K is a critical component of the RNA polymerase II complex, which plays a central role in the regulation of gene expression and the transcription of protein-coding genes in eukaryotic cells. Its involvement in the regulation of HIV-1 transcription and its role in various cellular pathways make it a significant target for the development of novel therapeutic strategies for HIV-1 infection and cancer.

Genular Protein ID: 2049522235

Symbol: RPAB4_HUMAN

Name: DNA-directed RNA polymerases I, II, and III subunit RPABC4

UniProtKB Accession Codes:

Database IDs:

Citations:

PubMed ID: 7651387

Title: Four subunits that are shared by the three classes of RNA polymerase are functionally interchangeable between Homo sapiens and Saccharomyces cerevisiae.

PubMed ID: 7651387

DOI: 10.1128/mcb.15.9.4702

PubMed ID: 15489334

Title: The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC).

PubMed ID: 15489334

DOI: 10.1101/gr.2596504

PubMed ID: 20413673

Title: Defining the RNA polymerase III transcriptome: Genome-wide localization of the RNA polymerase III transcription machinery in human cells.

PubMed ID: 20413673

DOI: 10.1101/gr.101337.109

PubMed ID: 27193682

Title: Near-atomic resolution visualization of human transcription promoter opening.

PubMed ID: 27193682

DOI: 10.1038/nature17970

PubMed ID: 30190596

Title: Architecture of Pol II(G) and molecular mechanism of transcription regulation by Gdown1.

PubMed ID: 30190596

DOI: 10.1038/s41594-018-0118-5

PubMed ID: 33335104

Title: Structure of human RNA polymerase III.

PubMed ID: 33335104

DOI: 10.1038/s41467-020-20262-5

PubMed ID: 34671025

Title: Structure of the human RNA polymerase I elongation complex.

PubMed ID: 34671025

DOI: 10.1038/s41421-021-00335-5

PubMed ID: 33674783

Title: Structure of human RNA polymerase III elongation complex.

PubMed ID: 33674783

DOI: 10.1038/s41422-021-00472-2

PubMed ID: 34675218

Title: Structural insights into RNA polymerase III-mediated transcription termination through trapping poly-deoxythymidine.

PubMed ID: 34675218

DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-26402-9

PubMed ID: 33558764

Title: Cryo-EM structures of human RNA polymerase III in its unbound and transcribing states.

PubMed ID: 33558764

DOI: 10.1038/s41594-020-00555-5

PubMed ID: 34887565

Title: Cryo-EM structures of human RNA polymerase I.

PubMed ID: 34887565

DOI: 10.1038/s41594-021-00693-4

PubMed ID: 33558766

Title: Structural insights into transcriptional regulation of human RNA polymerase III.

PubMed ID: 33558766

DOI: 10.1038/s41594-021-00557-x

PubMed ID: 36271492

Title: The human RNA polymerase I structure reveals an HMG-like docking domain specific to metazoans.

PubMed ID: 36271492

DOI: 10.26508/lsa.202201568

Sequence Information:

  • Length: 58
  • Mass: 7004
  • Checksum: 239BA3A67416F02C
  • Sequence:
  • MDTQKDVQPP KQQPMIYICG ECHTENEIKS RDPIRCRECG YRIMYKKRTK RLVVFDAR

Database document:

This is a preview of the gene's schema. Only a few entries are kept for 'singleCellExpressions,' 'mRNAExpressions,' and other large data arrays for visualization purposes. You can zoom in with the mouse wheel for a closer view, and the text will adjust automatically if necessary. For the full schema, download it here.