Details for: RAD1

Gene ID: 5810

Symbol: RAD1

Ensembl ID: ENSG00000113456

Description: RAD1 checkpoint DNA exonuclease

Associated with

Cells (max top 100)

(Cell Significance Index and respective Thresholds are uniquely calculated using our advanced thresholding algorithms to reveal cell-specific gene markers)

  • Cell Name: polychromatophilic erythroblast (CL0000550)
    Fold Change: 106.5285
    Cell Significance Index: -16.5700
  • Cell Name: hematopoietic oligopotent progenitor cell (CL0002032)
    Fold Change: 73.3116
    Cell Significance Index: -18.6000
  • Cell Name: embryonic stem cell (CL0002322)
    Fold Change: 54.4244
    Cell Significance Index: -22.4200
  • Cell Name: smooth muscle fiber of ileum (CL1000278)
    Fold Change: 45.8144
    Cell Significance Index: -21.6300
  • Cell Name: mucosal type mast cell (CL0000485)
    Fold Change: 43.9623
    Cell Significance Index: -17.8600
  • Cell Name: peripheral blood mononuclear cell (CL2000001)
    Fold Change: 39.8340
    Cell Significance Index: -20.4900
  • Cell Name: ciliated cell of the bronchus (CL0002332)
    Fold Change: 18.7695
    Cell Significance Index: -17.9200
  • Cell Name: orthochromatic erythroblast (CL0000552)
    Fold Change: 16.7403
    Cell Significance Index: -20.6400
  • Cell Name: CD8-alpha-beta-positive, alpha-beta intraepithelial T cell (CL0000796)
    Fold Change: 6.7715
    Cell Significance Index: -18.1400
  • Cell Name: stromal cell of bone marrow (CL0010001)
    Fold Change: 5.3471
    Cell Significance Index: -21.1000
  • Cell Name: CD8-positive, alpha-beta regulatory T cell (CL0000795)
    Fold Change: 5.0693
    Cell Significance Index: -15.5700
  • Cell Name: epidermal Langerhans cell (CL0002457)
    Fold Change: 3.5137
    Cell Significance Index: -7.6900
  • Cell Name: colon goblet cell (CL0009039)
    Fold Change: 1.4097
    Cell Significance Index: 139.4500
  • Cell Name: conjunctival epithelial cell (CL1000432)
    Fold Change: 0.9983
    Cell Significance Index: 13.6200
  • Cell Name: gut absorptive cell (CL0000677)
    Fold Change: 0.8292
    Cell Significance Index: 49.7800
  • Cell Name: intestinal crypt stem cell of colon (CL0009043)
    Fold Change: 0.8049
    Cell Significance Index: 87.5500
  • Cell Name: placental villous trophoblast (CL2000060)
    Fold Change: 0.7410
    Cell Significance Index: 19.7900
  • Cell Name: epithelial cell of small intestine (CL0002254)
    Fold Change: 0.7405
    Cell Significance Index: 120.4300
  • Cell Name: bladder urothelial cell (CL1001428)
    Fold Change: 0.6549
    Cell Significance Index: 34.0200
  • Cell Name: basal cell of prostate epithelium (CL0002341)
    Fold Change: 0.6396
    Cell Significance Index: 17.4100
  • Cell Name: eye photoreceptor cell (CL0000287)
    Fold Change: 0.6267
    Cell Significance Index: 39.5000
  • Cell Name: mesonephric nephron tubule epithelial cell (CL1000022)
    Fold Change: 0.4531
    Cell Significance Index: 15.7500
  • Cell Name: cortical cell of adrenal gland (CL0002097)
    Fold Change: 0.4372
    Cell Significance Index: 11.7200
  • Cell Name: stromal cell of ovary (CL0002132)
    Fold Change: 0.4278
    Cell Significance Index: 58.7500
  • Cell Name: intermediate cell of urothelium (CL4030055)
    Fold Change: 0.4255
    Cell Significance Index: 76.7100
  • Cell Name: basal cell of urothelium (CL1000486)
    Fold Change: 0.4166
    Cell Significance Index: 51.2300
  • Cell Name: fibroblast of dermis (CL0002551)
    Fold Change: 0.3903
    Cell Significance Index: 8.1700
  • Cell Name: microfold cell of epithelium of small intestine (CL1000353)
    Fold Change: 0.3658
    Cell Significance Index: 25.3000
  • Cell Name: granulosa cell (CL0000501)
    Fold Change: 0.3556
    Cell Significance Index: 9.3500
  • Cell Name: germ cell (CL0000586)
    Fold Change: 0.3496
    Cell Significance Index: 2.6400
  • Cell Name: L2/3-6 intratelencephalic projecting glutamatergic neuron (CL4023040)
    Fold Change: 0.3421
    Cell Significance Index: 68.6200
  • Cell Name: acinar cell of salivary gland (CL0002623)
    Fold Change: 0.3387
    Cell Significance Index: 15.7900
  • Cell Name: cell in vitro (CL0001034)
    Fold Change: 0.3173
    Cell Significance Index: 173.3100
  • Cell Name: neoplastic cell (CL0001063)
    Fold Change: 0.2946
    Cell Significance Index: 58.4600
  • Cell Name: umbrella cell of urothelium (CL4030056)
    Fold Change: 0.2720
    Cell Significance Index: 2.5100
  • Cell Name: progenitor cell of mammary luminal epithelium (CL0009116)
    Fold Change: 0.2640
    Cell Significance Index: 19.6800
  • Cell Name: tonsil germinal center B cell (CL2000006)
    Fold Change: 0.2632
    Cell Significance Index: 31.0400
  • Cell Name: skeletal muscle myoblast (CL0000515)
    Fold Change: 0.2631
    Cell Significance Index: 2.8600
  • Cell Name: pro-T cell (CL0000827)
    Fold Change: 0.2274
    Cell Significance Index: 5.8100
  • Cell Name: hair follicular keratinocyte (CL2000092)
    Fold Change: 0.1960
    Cell Significance Index: 86.6400
  • Cell Name: odontoblast (CL0000060)
    Fold Change: 0.1756
    Cell Significance Index: 22.5100
  • Cell Name: tuft cell of colon (CL0009041)
    Fold Change: 0.1537
    Cell Significance Index: 138.7800
  • Cell Name: glycinergic neuron (CL1001509)
    Fold Change: 0.1514
    Cell Significance Index: 7.9500
  • Cell Name: sebum secreting cell (CL0000317)
    Fold Change: 0.1514
    Cell Significance Index: 10.7100
  • Cell Name: neutrophil progenitor cell (CL0000834)
    Fold Change: 0.1462
    Cell Significance Index: 3.9100
  • Cell Name: retinal rod cell (CL0000604)
    Fold Change: 0.1426
    Cell Significance Index: 1.7000
  • Cell Name: enterocyte of epithelium of large intestine (CL0002071)
    Fold Change: 0.1330
    Cell Significance Index: 6.0300
  • Cell Name: paneth cell of epithelium of small intestine (CL1000343)
    Fold Change: 0.1195
    Cell Significance Index: 2.5900
  • Cell Name: luminal adaptive secretory precursor cell of mammary gland (CL4033057)
    Fold Change: 0.1087
    Cell Significance Index: 5.1100
  • Cell Name: obsolete caudal ganglionic eminence derived GABAergic cortical interneuron (CL4023070)
    Fold Change: 0.1045
    Cell Significance Index: 37.4800
  • Cell Name: lactocyte (CL0002325)
    Fold Change: 0.0977
    Cell Significance Index: 12.6300
  • Cell Name: enteroendocrine cell of colon (CL0009042)
    Fold Change: 0.0968
    Cell Significance Index: 18.4300
  • Cell Name: retinal progenitor cell (CL0002672)
    Fold Change: 0.0884
    Cell Significance Index: 4.9600
  • Cell Name: cardiac muscle myoblast (CL0000513)
    Fold Change: 0.0781
    Cell Significance Index: 5.9900
  • Cell Name: GABAergic interneuron (CL0011005)
    Fold Change: 0.0500
    Cell Significance Index: 34.5900
  • Cell Name: pulmonary alveolar epithelial cell (CL0000322)
    Fold Change: 0.0076
    Cell Significance Index: 5.7300
  • Cell Name: pigmented epithelial cell (CL0000529)
    Fold Change: 0.0071
    Cell Significance Index: 13.4000
  • Cell Name: early pro-B cell (CL0002046)
    Fold Change: 0.0061
    Cell Significance Index: 0.4000
  • Cell Name: non-pigmented ciliary epithelial cell (CL0002304)
    Fold Change: 0.0047
    Cell Significance Index: 3.0000
  • Cell Name: anterior lens cell (CL0002223)
    Fold Change: -0.0012
    Cell Significance Index: -2.2000
  • Cell Name: lens epithelial cell (CL0002224)
    Fold Change: -0.0022
    Cell Significance Index: -3.4200
  • Cell Name: kidney loop of Henle cortical thick ascending limb epithelial cell (CL1001109)
    Fold Change: -0.0086
    Cell Significance Index: -6.3100
  • Cell Name: small intestine goblet cell (CL1000495)
    Fold Change: -0.0117
    Cell Significance Index: -0.4100
  • Cell Name: secondary lens fiber (CL0002225)
    Fold Change: -0.0138
    Cell Significance Index: -18.7500
  • Cell Name: pancreatic acinar cell (CL0002064)
    Fold Change: -0.0190
    Cell Significance Index: -3.2500
  • Cell Name: pancreatic A cell (CL0000171)
    Fold Change: -0.0214
    Cell Significance Index: -15.8300
  • Cell Name: pigmented ciliary epithelial cell (CL0002303)
    Fold Change: -0.0231
    Cell Significance Index: -3.3600
  • Cell Name: mesenchymal cell (CL0008019)
    Fold Change: -0.0239
    Cell Significance Index: -0.4000
  • Cell Name: type B pancreatic cell (CL0000169)
    Fold Change: -0.0276
    Cell Significance Index: -15.5400
  • Cell Name: abnormal cell (CL0001061)
    Fold Change: -0.0295
    Cell Significance Index: -3.0100
  • Cell Name: ciliary muscle cell (CL1000443)
    Fold Change: -0.0305
    Cell Significance Index: -13.8600
  • Cell Name: dopaminergic neuron (CL0000700)
    Fold Change: -0.0361
    Cell Significance Index: -10.4000
  • Cell Name: pancreatic PP cell (CL0002275)
    Fold Change: -0.0375
    Cell Significance Index: -23.4000
  • Cell Name: basal epithelial cell of tracheobronchial tree (CL0002329)
    Fold Change: -0.0394
    Cell Significance Index: -1.1000
  • Cell Name: intestinal crypt stem cell of small intestine (CL0009017)
    Fold Change: -0.0437
    Cell Significance Index: -0.9300
  • Cell Name: forebrain neuroblast (CL1000042)
    Fold Change: -0.0451
    Cell Significance Index: -2.7700
  • Cell Name: epithelial cell of stomach (CL0002178)
    Fold Change: -0.0655
    Cell Significance Index: -7.6300
  • Cell Name: fibroblast of mammary gland (CL0002555)
    Fold Change: -0.0771
    Cell Significance Index: -2.2100
  • Cell Name: lung endothelial cell (CL1001567)
    Fold Change: -0.0779
    Cell Significance Index: -4.0600
  • Cell Name: enterocyte of epithelium of small intestine (CL1000334)
    Fold Change: -0.0856
    Cell Significance Index: -2.4700
  • Cell Name: pancreatic ductal cell (CL0002079)
    Fold Change: -0.0949
    Cell Significance Index: -10.8800
  • Cell Name: pancreatic D cell (CL0000173)
    Fold Change: -0.1039
    Cell Significance Index: -21.8800
  • Cell Name: intestinal epithelial cell (CL0002563)
    Fold Change: -0.1681
    Cell Significance Index: -1.7400
  • Cell Name: CD4-positive, alpha-beta memory T cell, CD45RO-positive (CL0001204)
    Fold Change: -0.1822
    Cell Significance Index: -5.3500
  • Cell Name: smooth muscle cell of sphincter of pupil (CL0002243)
    Fold Change: -0.1903
    Cell Significance Index: -19.8100
  • Cell Name: indirect pathway medium spiny neuron (CL4023029)
    Fold Change: -0.1928
    Cell Significance Index: -8.5300
  • Cell Name: epithelial cell of esophagus (CL0002252)
    Fold Change: -0.2034
    Cell Significance Index: -1.3500
  • Cell Name: kidney loop of Henle descending limb epithelial cell (CL1001021)
    Fold Change: -0.2080
    Cell Significance Index: -16.4700
  • Cell Name: direct pathway medium spiny neuron (CL4023026)
    Fold Change: -0.2258
    Cell Significance Index: -8.5500
  • Cell Name: hippocampal granule cell (CL0001033)
    Fold Change: -0.2259
    Cell Significance Index: -15.1900
  • Cell Name: intestinal tuft cell (CL0019032)
    Fold Change: -0.2324
    Cell Significance Index: -14.2500
  • Cell Name: cerebellar granule cell (CL0001031)
    Fold Change: -0.2900
    Cell Significance Index: -4.9700
  • Cell Name: kidney epithelial cell (CL0002518)
    Fold Change: -0.3069
    Cell Significance Index: -9.0400
  • Cell Name: peg cell (CL4033014)
    Fold Change: -0.3432
    Cell Significance Index: -7.9300
  • Cell Name: transit amplifying cell of colon (CL0009011)
    Fold Change: -0.3890
    Cell Significance Index: -12.4600
  • Cell Name: enteroendocrine cell of small intestine (CL0009006)
    Fold Change: -0.3968
    Cell Significance Index: -9.9200
  • Cell Name: skeletal muscle fiber (CL0008002)
    Fold Change: -0.4011
    Cell Significance Index: -10.3100
  • Cell Name: cardiac muscle cell (CL0000746)
    Fold Change: -0.4349
    Cell Significance Index: -6.4200
  • Cell Name: stratified epithelial cell (CL0000079)
    Fold Change: -0.4367
    Cell Significance Index: -16.0300
  • Cell Name: cortical interneuron (CL0008031)
    Fold Change: -0.4382
    Cell Significance Index: -10.5100

Cell ID: Standard Cell Ontology term used for mapping and comparing cells across experiments. Ensures consistency in analyzing cellular functions across tissues.
Fold Change: Represents the ratio of the current Cell Significance Index to the Cell Significance Index Threshold, indicating how much the gene expression has changed compared to a baseline.
Cell Significance Index: Reflects how strongly a gene is expressed in this specific cell.

Cell ID: Standard Cell Ontology term used for mapping and comparing cells across experiments. Ensures consistency in analyzing cellular functions across tissues.
Fold Change: Represents the ratio of the current Cell Significance Index to the Cell Significance Index Threshold, indicating how much the gene expression has changed compared to a baseline.
Cell Significance Index: Reflects how strongly a gene is expressed in this cell type. Calculated using techniques like effect size estimation and bootstrapping for reliability.

Cell ID: Standard Cell Ontology term used for mapping and comparing cells across experiments. Ensures consistency in analyzing cellular functions across tissues.
Fold Change: Represents the ratio of the current Cell Significance Index to the Cell Significance Index Threshold, indicating how much the gene expression has changed compared to a baseline.
Cell Significance Index: Reflects how strongly a gene is expressed in this cell type. Calculated using techniques like effect size estimation and bootstrapping for reliability.

Other Information

**Key Characteristics:** 1. **Exonuclease activity**: RAD1 possesses 3'-5' exonuclease activity, which allows it to degrade damaged DNA strands and maintain genome stability. 2. **Checkpoint function**: RAD1 is involved in the activation of the ATR checkpoint pathway, which regulates cell cycle progression in response to DNA damage. 3. **DNA damage response**: RAD1 helps to respond to DNA damage caused by replication stress, ionizing radiation, and other forms of genotoxic stress. 4. **Homologous recombination repair**: RAD1 plays a role in the homologous recombination repair pathway, which is essential for repairing double-strand breaks in DNA. 5. **Cell cycle regulation**: RAD1 helps to regulate cell cycle progression, ensuring that cells with damaged DNA are halted from progressing through the cell cycle. **Pathways and Functions:** 1. **ATR pathway**: RAD1 is part of the ATR checkpoint pathway, which regulates cell cycle progression in response to DNA damage. 2. **Homologous recombination repair**: RAD1 helps to repair double-strand breaks in DNA through homologous recombination. 3. **DNA damage response**: RAD1 is involved in the response to DNA damage caused by replication stress, ionizing radiation, and other forms of genotoxic stress. 4. **Cell cycle regulation**: RAD1 helps to regulate cell cycle progression, ensuring that cells with damaged DNA are halted from progressing through the cell cycle. **Clinical Significance:** Dysregulation of the RAD1 gene has been implicated in various diseases, including: 1. **Cancer**: RAD1 mutations have been associated with an increased risk of cancer, particularly in the context of BRCA2 deficiency. 2. **Genetic instability**: RAD1 mutations can lead to genetic instability, increasing the risk of mutations and chromosomal abnormalities. 3. **Neurodegenerative diseases**: RAD1 has been implicated in the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative diseases, such as Alzheimer's disease and Parkinson's disease. 4. **Developmental disorders**: RAD1 mutations have been associated with developmental disorders, such as intellectual disability and autism spectrum disorder. In conclusion, the RAD1 gene plays a critical role in maintaining genome stability and responding to DNA damage. Its dysregulation has been implicated in various diseases, highlighting the importance of this gene in human health and disease.

Genular Protein ID: 356455468

Symbol: RAD1_HUMAN

Name: Cell cycle checkpoint protein RAD1

UniProtKB Accession Codes:

Database IDs:

Citations:

PubMed ID: 9716408

Title: Human and mouse homologs of Schizosaccharomyces pombe rad1(+) and Saccharomyces cerevisiae RAD17: linkage to checkpoint control and mammalian meiosis.

PubMed ID: 9716408

DOI: 10.1101/gad.12.16.2560

PubMed ID: 9828137

Title: A human and mouse homolog of the Schizosaccharomyces pombe rad1+ cell cycle checkpoint control gene.

PubMed ID: 9828137

DOI: 10.1006/geno.1998.5582

PubMed ID: 9828139

Title: RAD1, a human structural homolog of the Schizosaccharomyces pombe RAD1 cell cycle checkpoint gene.

PubMed ID: 9828139

DOI: 10.1006/geno.1998.5589

PubMed ID: 9878245

Title: cDNA cloning and gene mapping of human homologs for Schizosaccharomyces pombe rad17, rad1, and hus1 and cloning of homologs from mouse, Caenorhabditis elegans, and Drosophila melanogaster.

PubMed ID: 9878245

DOI: 10.1006/geno.1998.5587

PubMed ID: 9660799

Title: A human homologue of the Schizosaccharomyces pombe rad1+ checkpoint gene encodes an exonuclease.

PubMed ID: 9660799

DOI: 10.1074/jbc.273.29.18332

PubMed ID: 9705507

Title: HRAD1 and MRad1 encode mammalian homologues of the fission yeast rad1+ cell cycle checkpoint control gene.

PubMed ID: 9705507

DOI: 10.1093/nar/26.17.3971

PubMed ID: 14702039

Title: Complete sequencing and characterization of 21,243 full-length human cDNAs.

PubMed ID: 14702039

DOI: 10.1038/ng1285

PubMed ID: 15489334

Title: The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC).

PubMed ID: 15489334

DOI: 10.1101/gr.2596504

PubMed ID: 10359610

Title: The human G2 checkpoint control protein hRAD9 is a nuclear phosphoprotein that forms complexes with hRAD1 and hHUS1.

PubMed ID: 10359610

DOI: 10.1091/mbc.10.6.1985

PubMed ID: 10777662

Title: Physical interaction among human checkpoint control proteins HUS1p, RAD1p, and RAD9p, and implications for the regulation of cell cycle progression.

PubMed ID: 10777662

DOI: 10.1006/geno.2000.6142

PubMed ID: 10846170

Title: HDAC1, a histone deacetylase, forms a complex with Hus1 and Rad9, two G2/M checkpoint Rad proteins.

PubMed ID: 10846170

DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m000168200

PubMed ID: 10884395

Title: The human checkpoint protein hRad17 interacts with the PCNA-like proteins hRad1, hHus1, and hRad9.

PubMed ID: 10884395

DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m005782200

PubMed ID: 11573955

Title: The J domain of Tpr2 regulates its interaction with the proapoptotic and cell-cycle checkpoint protein, Rad9.

PubMed ID: 11573955

DOI: 10.1006/bbrc.2001.5685

PubMed ID: 11944979

Title: Identification and characterization of a paralog of human cell cycle checkpoint gene HUS1.

PubMed ID: 11944979

DOI: 10.1006/geno.2002.6737

PubMed ID: 14500360

Title: Expression of mammalian paralogues of HRAD9 and Mrad9 checkpoint control genes in normal and cancerous testicular tissue.

PubMed ID: 14500360

PubMed ID: 14611806

Title: Identification and characterization of RAD9B, a paralog of the RAD9 checkpoint gene.

PubMed ID: 14611806

DOI: 10.1016/s0888-7543(03)00200-3

PubMed ID: 12578958

Title: Loading of the human 9-1-1 checkpoint complex onto DNA by the checkpoint clamp loader hRad17-replication factor C complex in vitro.

PubMed ID: 12578958

DOI: 10.1073/pnas.0437927100

PubMed ID: 15314187

Title: The human Rad9/Rad1/Hus1 damage sensor clamp interacts with DNA polymerase beta and increases its DNA substrate utilisation efficiency: implications for DNA repair.

PubMed ID: 15314187

DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkh652

PubMed ID: 15556996

Title: The human Rad9-Rad1-Hus1 checkpoint complex stimulates flap endonuclease 1.

PubMed ID: 15556996

DOI: 10.1073/pnas.0407686101

PubMed ID: 15871698

Title: The human checkpoint sensor and alternative DNA clamp Rad9-Rad1-Hus1 modulates the activity of DNA ligase I, a component of the long-patch base excision repair machinery.

PubMed ID: 15871698

DOI: 10.1042/bj20050211

PubMed ID: 16216273

Title: The two DNA clamps Rad9/Rad1/Hus1 complex and proliferating cell nuclear antigen differentially regulate flap endonuclease 1 activity.

PubMed ID: 16216273

DOI: 10.1016/j.jmb.2005.09.018

PubMed ID: 15897895

Title: Interaction and colocalization of Rad9/Rad1/Hus1 checkpoint complex with replication protein A in human cells.

PubMed ID: 15897895

DOI: 10.1038/sj.onc.1208674

PubMed ID: 21269460

Title: Initial characterization of the human central proteome.

PubMed ID: 21269460

DOI: 10.1186/1752-0509-5-17

PubMed ID: 21659603

Title: A DNA damage response screen identifies RHINO, a 9-1-1 and TopBP1 interacting protein required for ATR signaling.

PubMed ID: 21659603

DOI: 10.1126/science.1203430

PubMed ID: 22814378

Title: N-terminal acetylome analyses and functional insights of the N-terminal acetyltransferase NatB.

PubMed ID: 22814378

DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1210303109

PubMed ID: 31776186

Title: Structure of the RAD9-RAD1-HUS1 checkpoint clamp bound to RHINO sheds light on the other side of the DNA clamp.

PubMed ID: 31776186

DOI: 10.1074/jbc.ac119.011816

PubMed ID: 36841485

Title: The 9-1-1 DNA clamp subunit RAD1 forms specific interactions with clamp loader RAD17, revealing functional implications for binding-protein RHINO.

PubMed ID: 36841485

DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2023.103061

Sequence Information:

  • Length: 282
  • Mass: 31827
  • Checksum: 075FBD4CF8A4FDB2
  • Sequence:
  • MPLLTQQIQD EDDQYSLVAS LDNVRNLSTI LKAIHFREHA TCFATKNGIK VTVENAKCVQ 
    ANAFIQAGIF QEFKVQEESV TFRINLTVLL DCLSIFGSSP MPGTLTALRM CYQGYGYPLM 
    LFLEEGGVVT VCKINTQEPE ETLDFDFCST NVINKIILQS EGLREAFSEL DMTSEVLQIT 
    MSPDKPYFRL STFGNAGSSH LDYPKDSDLM EAFHCNQTQV NRYKISLLKP STKALVLSCK 
    VSIRTDNRGF LSLQYMIRNE DGQICFVEYY CCPDEEVPES ES

Database document:

This is a preview of the gene's schema. Only a few entries are kept for 'singleCellExpressions,' 'mRNAExpressions,' and other large data arrays for visualization purposes. You can zoom in with the mouse wheel for a closer view, and the text will adjust automatically if necessary. For the full schema, download it here.