Details for: RARRES2

Gene ID: 5919

Symbol: RARRES2

Ensembl ID: ENSG00000106538

Description: retinoic acid receptor responder 2

Associated with

Cells (max top 100)

(Cell Significance Index and respective Thresholds are uniquely calculated using our advanced thresholding algorithms to reveal cell-specific gene markers)

  • Cell Name: polychromatophilic erythroblast (CL0000550)
    Fold Change: 223.8577
    Cell Significance Index: -34.8200
  • Cell Name: hematopoietic oligopotent progenitor cell (CL0002032)
    Fold Change: 137.6342
    Cell Significance Index: -34.9100
  • Cell Name: embryonic stem cell (CL0002322)
    Fold Change: 88.3365
    Cell Significance Index: -36.3900
  • Cell Name: mucosal type mast cell (CL0000485)
    Fold Change: 79.4078
    Cell Significance Index: -32.2600
  • Cell Name: smooth muscle fiber of ileum (CL1000278)
    Fold Change: 73.3496
    Cell Significance Index: -34.6300
  • Cell Name: ciliated cell of the bronchus (CL0002332)
    Fold Change: 33.7683
    Cell Significance Index: -32.2400
  • Cell Name: orthochromatic erythroblast (CL0000552)
    Fold Change: 28.2330
    Cell Significance Index: -34.8100
  • Cell Name: theca cell (CL0000503)
    Fold Change: 17.1046
    Cell Significance Index: 100.4900
  • Cell Name: pulmonary interstitial fibroblast (CL0002241)
    Fold Change: 15.2148
    Cell Significance Index: 94.1300
  • Cell Name: CD8-alpha-beta-positive, alpha-beta intraepithelial T cell (CL0000796)
    Fold Change: 14.6480
    Cell Significance Index: -39.2400
  • Cell Name: stromal cell of bone marrow (CL0010001)
    Fold Change: 8.5959
    Cell Significance Index: -33.9200
  • Cell Name: interstitial cell of ovary (CL0002094)
    Fold Change: 6.2948
    Cell Significance Index: 80.6200
  • Cell Name: fibroblast of mammary gland (CL0002555)
    Fold Change: 4.5521
    Cell Significance Index: 130.4900
  • Cell Name: odontoblast (CL0000060)
    Fold Change: 4.3219
    Cell Significance Index: 554.0400
  • Cell Name: cell in vitro (CL0001034)
    Fold Change: 3.7898
    Cell Significance Index: 2069.6800
  • Cell Name: cortical cell of adrenal gland (CL0002097)
    Fold Change: 3.4872
    Cell Significance Index: 93.4400
  • Cell Name: stromal cell of ovary (CL0002132)
    Fold Change: 3.1699
    Cell Significance Index: 435.3100
  • Cell Name: intestinal crypt stem cell of small intestine (CL0009017)
    Fold Change: 2.6180
    Cell Significance Index: 55.7600
  • Cell Name: granulosa cell (CL0000501)
    Fold Change: 2.3096
    Cell Significance Index: 60.7300
  • Cell Name: enterocyte of epithelium of large intestine (CL0002071)
    Fold Change: 2.2164
    Cell Significance Index: 100.4600
  • Cell Name: preadipocyte (CL0002334)
    Fold Change: 1.3583
    Cell Significance Index: 26.5100
  • Cell Name: ovarian surface epithelial cell (CL2000064)
    Fold Change: 1.2111
    Cell Significance Index: 5.8900
  • Cell Name: colon goblet cell (CL0009039)
    Fold Change: 1.1893
    Cell Significance Index: 117.6500
  • Cell Name: fibroblast of dermis (CL0002551)
    Fold Change: 1.0666
    Cell Significance Index: 22.3300
  • Cell Name: peg cell (CL4033014)
    Fold Change: 0.8830
    Cell Significance Index: 20.4000
  • Cell Name: skeletal muscle satellite stem cell (CL0008011)
    Fold Change: 0.8678
    Cell Significance Index: 9.0600
  • Cell Name: fallopian tube secretory epithelial cell (CL4030006)
    Fold Change: 0.8415
    Cell Significance Index: 13.0200
  • Cell Name: neoplastic cell (CL0001063)
    Fold Change: 0.7547
    Cell Significance Index: 149.7700
  • Cell Name: pancreatic acinar cell (CL0002064)
    Fold Change: 0.7098
    Cell Significance Index: 121.2100
  • Cell Name: mesothelial cell of epicardium (CL0011019)
    Fold Change: 0.6584
    Cell Significance Index: 5.7000
  • Cell Name: microfold cell of epithelium of small intestine (CL1000353)
    Fold Change: 0.4843
    Cell Significance Index: 33.5000
  • Cell Name: enteroendocrine cell of colon (CL0009042)
    Fold Change: 0.4624
    Cell Significance Index: 88.0000
  • Cell Name: pro-T cell (CL0000827)
    Fold Change: 0.4040
    Cell Significance Index: 10.3200
  • Cell Name: hair follicular keratinocyte (CL2000092)
    Fold Change: 0.3868
    Cell Significance Index: 171.0300
  • Cell Name: epithelial cell of small intestine (CL0002254)
    Fold Change: 0.3656
    Cell Significance Index: 59.4600
  • Cell Name: transit amplifying cell of colon (CL0009011)
    Fold Change: 0.3562
    Cell Significance Index: 11.4100
  • Cell Name: periportal region hepatocyte (CL0019026)
    Fold Change: 0.2280
    Cell Significance Index: 3.3700
  • Cell Name: mesenchymal cell (CL0008019)
    Fold Change: 0.2038
    Cell Significance Index: 3.4100
  • Cell Name: centrilobular region hepatocyte (CL0019029)
    Fold Change: 0.1938
    Cell Significance Index: 3.2700
  • Cell Name: tuft cell of colon (CL0009041)
    Fold Change: 0.1593
    Cell Significance Index: 143.8000
  • Cell Name: lung endothelial cell (CL1001567)
    Fold Change: 0.1568
    Cell Significance Index: 8.1700
  • Cell Name: kidney loop of Henle cortical thick ascending limb epithelial cell (CL1001109)
    Fold Change: 0.1146
    Cell Significance Index: 84.0300
  • Cell Name: non-pigmented ciliary epithelial cell (CL0002304)
    Fold Change: 0.0843
    Cell Significance Index: 53.5400
  • Cell Name: microcirculation associated smooth muscle cell (CL0008035)
    Fold Change: 0.0381
    Cell Significance Index: 0.3200
  • Cell Name: intermediate cell of urothelium (CL4030055)
    Fold Change: 0.0326
    Cell Significance Index: 5.8700
  • Cell Name: lens epithelial cell (CL0002224)
    Fold Change: 0.0289
    Cell Significance Index: 44.5200
  • Cell Name: skeletal muscle myoblast (CL0000515)
    Fold Change: 0.0276
    Cell Significance Index: 0.3000
  • Cell Name: retinal progenitor cell (CL0002672)
    Fold Change: 0.0221
    Cell Significance Index: 1.2400
  • Cell Name: pigmented epithelial cell (CL0000529)
    Fold Change: 0.0156
    Cell Significance Index: 29.3800
  • Cell Name: anterior lens cell (CL0002223)
    Fold Change: 0.0145
    Cell Significance Index: 26.8200
  • Cell Name: hepatoblast (CL0005026)
    Fold Change: 0.0089
    Cell Significance Index: 0.1500
  • Cell Name: enterocyte of epithelium of small intestine (CL1000334)
    Fold Change: 0.0010
    Cell Significance Index: 0.0300
  • Cell Name: small intestine goblet cell (CL1000495)
    Fold Change: -0.0060
    Cell Significance Index: -0.2100
  • Cell Name: enteroendocrine cell of small intestine (CL0009006)
    Fold Change: -0.0108
    Cell Significance Index: -0.2700
  • Cell Name: paneth cell of epithelium of small intestine (CL1000343)
    Fold Change: -0.0138
    Cell Significance Index: -0.3000
  • Cell Name: pulmonary alveolar epithelial cell (CL0000322)
    Fold Change: -0.0209
    Cell Significance Index: -15.8500
  • Cell Name: secondary lens fiber (CL0002225)
    Fold Change: -0.0249
    Cell Significance Index: -33.9000
  • Cell Name: abnormal cell (CL0001061)
    Fold Change: -0.0254
    Cell Significance Index: -2.5900
  • Cell Name: ciliary muscle cell (CL1000443)
    Fold Change: -0.0514
    Cell Significance Index: -23.3200
  • Cell Name: pancreatic A cell (CL0000171)
    Fold Change: -0.0522
    Cell Significance Index: -38.6900
  • Cell Name: obsolete caudal ganglionic eminence derived GABAergic cortical interneuron (CL4023070)
    Fold Change: -0.0602
    Cell Significance Index: -21.5800
  • Cell Name: type B pancreatic cell (CL0000169)
    Fold Change: -0.0615
    Cell Significance Index: -34.6800
  • Cell Name: pancreatic PP cell (CL0002275)
    Fold Change: -0.0631
    Cell Significance Index: -39.4100
  • Cell Name: progenitor cell of mammary luminal epithelium (CL0009116)
    Fold Change: -0.0725
    Cell Significance Index: -5.4000
  • Cell Name: dopaminergic neuron (CL0000700)
    Fold Change: -0.1089
    Cell Significance Index: -31.3200
  • Cell Name: pigmented ciliary epithelial cell (CL0002303)
    Fold Change: -0.1194
    Cell Significance Index: -17.3600
  • Cell Name: epithelial cell of stomach (CL0002178)
    Fold Change: -0.1199
    Cell Significance Index: -13.9700
  • Cell Name: basal cell of urothelium (CL1000486)
    Fold Change: -0.1299
    Cell Significance Index: -15.9700
  • Cell Name: pancreatic ductal cell (CL0002079)
    Fold Change: -0.1407
    Cell Significance Index: -16.1300
  • Cell Name: lactocyte (CL0002325)
    Fold Change: -0.1464
    Cell Significance Index: -18.9100
  • Cell Name: vascular lymphangioblast (CL0005022)
    Fold Change: -0.1582
    Cell Significance Index: -2.7900
  • Cell Name: L2/3-6 intratelencephalic projecting glutamatergic neuron (CL4023040)
    Fold Change: -0.1758
    Cell Significance Index: -35.2700
  • Cell Name: intestinal tuft cell (CL0019032)
    Fold Change: -0.1806
    Cell Significance Index: -11.0700
  • Cell Name: pancreatic D cell (CL0000173)
    Fold Change: -0.1926
    Cell Significance Index: -40.5600
  • Cell Name: luminal adaptive secretory precursor cell of mammary gland (CL4033057)
    Fold Change: -0.2000
    Cell Significance Index: -9.4000
  • Cell Name: sebum secreting cell (CL0000317)
    Fold Change: -0.2023
    Cell Significance Index: -14.3100
  • Cell Name: tonsil germinal center B cell (CL2000006)
    Fold Change: -0.2972
    Cell Significance Index: -35.0500
  • Cell Name: glycinergic neuron (CL1001509)
    Fold Change: -0.3038
    Cell Significance Index: -15.9500
  • Cell Name: smooth muscle cell of sphincter of pupil (CL0002243)
    Fold Change: -0.3251
    Cell Significance Index: -33.8500
  • Cell Name: basal epithelial cell of tracheobronchial tree (CL0002329)
    Fold Change: -0.3528
    Cell Significance Index: -9.8600
  • Cell Name: kidney loop of Henle descending limb epithelial cell (CL1001021)
    Fold Change: -0.3622
    Cell Significance Index: -28.6900
  • Cell Name: midzonal region hepatocyte (CL0019028)
    Fold Change: -0.3673
    Cell Significance Index: -2.1200
  • Cell Name: Mueller cell (CL0000636)
    Fold Change: -0.3698
    Cell Significance Index: -2.8500
  • Cell Name: mesonephric nephron tubule epithelial cell (CL1000022)
    Fold Change: -0.3836
    Cell Significance Index: -13.3300
  • Cell Name: forebrain neuroblast (CL1000042)
    Fold Change: -0.3843
    Cell Significance Index: -23.6200
  • Cell Name: eye photoreceptor cell (CL0000287)
    Fold Change: -0.3868
    Cell Significance Index: -24.3800
  • Cell Name: columnar/cuboidal epithelial cell (CL0000075)
    Fold Change: -0.3996
    Cell Significance Index: -1.5300
  • Cell Name: cardiac muscle myoblast (CL0000513)
    Fold Change: -0.4859
    Cell Significance Index: -37.2900
  • Cell Name: keratocyte (CL0002363)
    Fold Change: -0.5036
    Cell Significance Index: -7.9900
  • Cell Name: embryonic fibroblast (CL2000042)
    Fold Change: -0.5644
    Cell Significance Index: -2.7000
  • Cell Name: hippocampal granule cell (CL0001033)
    Fold Change: -0.5709
    Cell Significance Index: -38.3900
  • Cell Name: acinar cell of salivary gland (CL0002623)
    Fold Change: -0.5780
    Cell Significance Index: -26.9500
  • Cell Name: early pro-B cell (CL0002046)
    Fold Change: -0.5827
    Cell Significance Index: -37.5900
  • Cell Name: endothelial cell of venule (CL1000414)
    Fold Change: -0.5898
    Cell Significance Index: -6.7000
  • Cell Name: skeletal muscle fibroblast (CL0011027)
    Fold Change: -0.5992
    Cell Significance Index: -4.0600
  • Cell Name: basal cell of prostate epithelium (CL0002341)
    Fold Change: -0.6411
    Cell Significance Index: -17.4500
  • Cell Name: paneth cell of colon (CL0009009)
    Fold Change: -0.6584
    Cell Significance Index: -9.8700
  • Cell Name: skeletal muscle fiber (CL0008002)
    Fold Change: -0.6703
    Cell Significance Index: -17.2300
  • Cell Name: bladder urothelial cell (CL1001428)
    Fold Change: -0.6711
    Cell Significance Index: -34.8600
  • Cell Name: fibroblast of connective tissue of nonglandular part of prostate (CL1000304)
    Fold Change: -0.6711
    Cell Significance Index: -7.3300

Cell ID: Standard Cell Ontology term used for mapping and comparing cells across experiments. Ensures consistency in analyzing cellular functions across tissues.
Fold Change: Represents the ratio of the current Cell Significance Index to the Cell Significance Index Threshold, indicating how much the gene expression has changed compared to a baseline.
Cell Significance Index: Reflects how strongly a gene is expressed in this specific cell.

Cell ID: Standard Cell Ontology term used for mapping and comparing cells across experiments. Ensures consistency in analyzing cellular functions across tissues.
Fold Change: Represents the ratio of the current Cell Significance Index to the Cell Significance Index Threshold, indicating how much the gene expression has changed compared to a baseline.
Cell Significance Index: Reflects how strongly a gene is expressed in this cell type. Calculated using techniques like effect size estimation and bootstrapping for reliability.

Cell ID: Standard Cell Ontology term used for mapping and comparing cells across experiments. Ensures consistency in analyzing cellular functions across tissues.
Fold Change: Represents the ratio of the current Cell Significance Index to the Cell Significance Index Threshold, indicating how much the gene expression has changed compared to a baseline.
Cell Significance Index: Reflects how strongly a gene is expressed in this cell type. Calculated using techniques like effect size estimation and bootstrapping for reliability.

Other Information

**Key Characteristics** RARRES2 is a protein-coding gene that encodes a receptor-like protein, RARR2. The gene is highly expressed in various cell types, including pancreatic acinar cells, fibroblasts, and uterine smooth muscle cells. RARR2 exhibits a high degree of homology with other retinoic acid receptor responder proteins, suggesting a conserved evolutionary function. The gene is also found in several species, including humans, mice, and rats, indicating its essential role in maintaining cellular homeostasis across species. **Pathways and Functions** RARRES2 is involved in various signaling pathways, including: 1. **Retinoid metabolic process**: RARR2 is believed to play a role in regulating retinoid metabolism, which is essential for maintaining cellular differentiation and development. 2. **Cell differentiation**: RARR2 is involved in the regulation of cell differentiation, particularly in the development of embryonic tissues, such as the digestive tract and mammary gland. 3. **Chemotaxis**: RARR2 is a positive regulator of chemotaxis, which is the directional movement of cells in response to chemical stimuli. 4. **Innate immune response**: RARR2 is involved in the regulation of the innate immune response, particularly in response to fungal and bacterial infections. 5. **Inflammatory response**: RARR2 is also involved in the regulation of the inflammatory response, which is essential for maintaining immune homeostasis. **Clinical Significance** The clinical significance of RARRES2 is multifaceted: 1. **Autoimmune diseases**: Alterations in RARR2 expression have been linked to autoimmune diseases, such as rheumatoid arthritis and type 1 diabetes. 2. **Cancer**: RARR2 has been implicated in the development and progression of various cancers, including lung, breast, and colon cancer. 3. **Infectious diseases**: RARR2 plays a crucial role in the regulation of the innate immune response, which is essential for combating fungal and bacterial infections. 4. **Neurological disorders**: RARR2 has been linked to neurological disorders, such as Alzheimer's disease and Parkinson's disease. In conclusion, RARRES2 is a multifunctional gene that plays a critical role in maintaining cellular homeostasis, regulating cell differentiation, and modulating the immune response. Further research is necessary to fully elucidate the clinical significance of RARR2 and its potential therapeutic applications. **Recommendations for Future Research** 1. **Elucidate the mechanism of RARR2 regulation**: Further research is necessary to understand the mechanisms by which RARR2 regulates retinoid metabolism, cell differentiation, and immune responses. 2. **Investigate the role of RARR2 in disease models**: Experimental models, such as mice and cell cultures, can be used to investigate the role of RARR2 in disease models, including autoimmune diseases, cancer, and infectious diseases. 3. **Develop therapeutic strategies**: RARR2 inhibition or agonism may be a potential therapeutic strategy for treating autoimmune diseases, cancer, and neurological disorders. 4. **Investigate the role of RARR2 in human disease**: Further research is necessary to determine the clinical significance of RARR2 in human disease and to develop diagnostic and therapeutic strategies.

Genular Protein ID: 1631114595

Symbol: RARR2_HUMAN

Name: Retinoic acid receptor responder protein 2

UniProtKB Accession Codes:

Q99969 Q7LE02

Database IDs:

AGR 1 AlphaFoldDB 1 Antibodypedia 1 BMRB 1 Bgee 1 BioGRID 1 BioGRID-ORCS 1 BioMuta 1 CCDS 1 CTD 1 ChiTaRS 1 DNASU 1 DisGeNET 1 EMBL 9 EMDB 1 Ensembl 3 ExpressionAtlas 1 GO 22 Gene3D 1 GeneCards 1 GeneTree 1 GeneWiki 1 GenomeRNAi 1 GlyGen 1 HGNC 1 HOGENOM 1 HPA 1 InParanoid 1 IntAct 1 InterPro 2 KEGG 1 MANE-Select 1 MIM 1 MassIVE 1 NCBI Taxonomy 1 OMA 1 OpenTargets 1 OrthoDB 1 PANTHER 2 PDB 2 PDBsum 2 PRO 1 PathwayCommons 1 PaxDb 1 PeptideAtlas 1 PharmGKB 1 Pharos 1 PhosphoSitePlus 1 PhylomeDB 1 Proteomes 1 ProteomicsDB 1 RNAct 1 Reactome 1 RefSeq 1 SMR 1 STRING 1 SUPFAM 1 SignaLink 1 TreeFam 1 UCSC 1 VEuPathDB 1 eggNOG 1 iPTMnet 1 jPOST 1 neXtProt 1

Citations:

PubMed ID: 9204961

Title: Tazarotene-induced gene 2 (TIG2), a novel retinoid-responsive gene in skin.

PubMed ID: 9204961

DOI: 10.1111/1523-1747.ep12276660

PubMed ID: 10072769

Title: Selection of cDNAs encoding putative type II membrane proteins on the cell surface from a human full-length cDNA bank.

PubMed ID: 10072769

DOI: 10.1016/s0378-1119(99)00004-9

PubMed ID: 14702039

Title: Complete sequencing and characterization of 21,243 full-length human cDNAs.

PubMed ID: 14702039

DOI: 10.1038/ng1285

PubMed ID: 12853948

Title: The DNA sequence of human chromosome 7.

PubMed ID: 12853948

DOI: 10.1038/nature01782

PubMed ID: 15489334

Title: The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC).

PubMed ID: 15489334

DOI: 10.1101/gr.2596504

PubMed ID: 14675762

Title: Characterization of human circulating TIG2 as a ligand for the orphan receptor ChemR23.

PubMed ID: 14675762

DOI: 10.1016/s0014-5793(03)01312-7

PubMed ID: 16096270

Title: Chemerin activation by serine proteases of the coagulation, fibrinolytic, and inflammatory cascades.

PubMed ID: 16096270

DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m504868200

PubMed ID: 17767914

Title: Chemerin--a new adipokine that modulates adipogenesis via its own receptor.

PubMed ID: 17767914

DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2007.08.104

PubMed ID: 17635925

Title: Chemerin, a novel adipokine that regulates adipogenesis and adipocyte metabolism.

PubMed ID: 17635925

DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m700793200

PubMed ID: 18242188

Title: Chemerin enhances insulin signaling and potentiates insulin-stimulated glucose uptake in 3T3-L1 adipocytes.

PubMed ID: 18242188

DOI: 10.1016/j.febslet.2008.01.023

PubMed ID: 20011981

Title: Proteolytic regulatory mechanism of chemerin bioactivity.

PubMed ID: 20011981

DOI: 10.1093/abbs/gmp091

PubMed ID: 20237162

Title: Chemerin, a novel adipokine in the regulation of angiogenesis.

PubMed ID: 20237162

DOI: 10.1210/jc.2010-0042

PubMed ID: 20817486

Title: Chemerin: at the crossroads of inflammation and obesity.

PubMed ID: 20817486

DOI: 10.1016/j.tem.2010.08.001

PubMed ID: 22119008

Title: Chemerin and its receptors in leukocyte trafficking, inflammation and metabolism.

PubMed ID: 22119008

DOI: 10.1016/j.cytogfr.2011.11.004

PubMed ID: 22634313

Title: A novel adipocytokine, chemerin exerts anti-inflammatory roles in human vascular endothelial cells.

PubMed ID: 22634313

DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2012.05.103

PubMed ID: 22610747

Title: Chemerin: a potential endocrine link between obesity and type 2 diabetes.

PubMed ID: 22610747

DOI: 10.1007/s12020-012-9698-8

PubMed ID: 23216632

Title: Towards an integrative approach to understanding the role of chemerin in human health and disease.

PubMed ID: 23216632

DOI: 10.1111/obr.12009

PubMed ID: 23527010

Title: Chemerin is an antimicrobial agent in human epidermis.

PubMed ID: 23527010

DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0058709

PubMed ID: 27716822

Title: Signaling properties of chemerin receptors CMKLR1, GPR1 and CCRL2.

PubMed ID: 27716822

DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0164179

Sequence Information:

  • Length: 163
  • Mass: 18618
  • Checksum: A96EB7D0999EC3DB
  • Sequence:
    • MRRLLIPLAL WLGAVGVGVA ELTEAQRRGL QVALEEFHKH PPVQWAFQET SVESAVDTPF 
PAGIFVRLEF KLQQTSCRKR DWKKPECKVR PNGRKRKCLA CIKLGSEDKV LGRLVHCPIE 
TQVLREAEEH QETQCLRVQR AGEDPHSFYF PGQFAFSKAL PRS

Database document:

This is a preview of the gene's schema. Only a few entries are kept for 'singleCellExpressions,' 'mRNAExpressions,' and other large data arrays for visualization purposes. You can zoom in with the mouse wheel for a closer view, and the text will adjust automatically if necessary. For the full schema, download it here.