Details for: GK2

Gene ID: 2712

Symbol: GK2

Ensembl ID: ENSG00000196475

Description: glycerol kinase 2

Associated with

Cells (max top 100)

(Cell Significance Index and respective Thresholds are uniquely calculated using our advanced thresholding algorithms to reveal cell-specific gene markers)

  • Cell Name: erythrocyte (CL0000232)
    Fold Change: 0.4698
    Cell Significance Index: 11.9700
  • Cell Name: megakaryocyte (CL0000556)
    Fold Change: 0.4322
    Cell Significance Index: 7.0000
  • Cell Name: hematopoietic stem cell (CL0000037)
    Fold Change: 0.2451
    Cell Significance Index: 4.1900
  • Cell Name: inhibitory interneuron (CL0000498)
    Fold Change: 0.1995
    Cell Significance Index: 2.3900
  • Cell Name: radial glial cell (CL0000681)
    Fold Change: 0.1554
    Cell Significance Index: 0.9200
  • Cell Name: mast cell (CL0000097)
    Fold Change: 0.0881
    Cell Significance Index: 1.1600
  • Cell Name: precursor B cell (CL0000817)
    Fold Change: 0.0819
    Cell Significance Index: 1.0600
  • Cell Name: stem cell (CL0000034)
    Fold Change: 0.0652
    Cell Significance Index: 0.4700
  • Cell Name: adipocyte (CL0000136)
    Fold Change: 0.0513
    Cell Significance Index: 0.6800
  • Cell Name: progenitor cell (CL0011026)
    Fold Change: 0.0295
    Cell Significance Index: 0.3100
  • Cell Name: neural progenitor cell (CL0011020)
    Fold Change: 0.0272
    Cell Significance Index: 0.2700
  • Cell Name: caudal ganglionic eminence derived cortical interneuron (CL4023064)
    Fold Change: 0.0053
    Cell Significance Index: 0.1100
  • Cell Name: microglial cell (CL0000129)
    Fold Change: 0.0034
    Cell Significance Index: 0.0400
  • Cell Name: squamous epithelial cell (CL0000076)
    Fold Change: 0.0026
    Cell Significance Index: 0.0300
  • Cell Name: megakaryocyte-erythroid progenitor cell (CL0000050)
    Fold Change: -0.0022
    Cell Significance Index: -0.0300
  • Cell Name: fibro/adipogenic progenitor cell (CL0009099)
    Fold Change: -0.0026
    Cell Significance Index: -0.1300
  • Cell Name: L2/3-6 intratelencephalic projecting glutamatergic neuron (CL4023040)
    Fold Change: -0.0035
    Cell Significance Index: -0.7100
  • Cell Name: oligodendrocyte precursor cell (CL0002453)
    Fold Change: -0.0084
    Cell Significance Index: -0.1100
  • Cell Name: medial ganglionic eminence derived interneuron (CL4023063)
    Fold Change: -0.0091
    Cell Significance Index: -0.1300
  • Cell Name: endothelial cell of lymphatic vessel (CL0002138)
    Fold Change: -0.0103
    Cell Significance Index: -0.1300
  • Cell Name: erythroid progenitor cell (CL0000038)
    Fold Change: -0.0141
    Cell Significance Index: -0.1800
  • Cell Name: naive B cell (CL0000788)
    Fold Change: -0.0167
    Cell Significance Index: -0.1800
  • Cell Name: erythroblast (CL0000765)
    Fold Change: -0.0183
    Cell Significance Index: -0.2200
  • Cell Name: conventional dendritic cell (CL0000990)
    Fold Change: -0.0191
    Cell Significance Index: -0.2300
  • Cell Name: ciliated cell (CL0000064)
    Fold Change: -0.0237
    Cell Significance Index: -0.2600
  • Cell Name: neural cell (CL0002319)
    Fold Change: -0.0239
    Cell Significance Index: -0.2800
  • Cell Name: lymphoid lineage restricted progenitor cell (CL0000838)
    Fold Change: -0.0241
    Cell Significance Index: -0.3100
  • Cell Name: epithelial cell (CL0000066)
    Fold Change: -0.0242
    Cell Significance Index: -0.2600
  • Cell Name: CD8-positive, alpha-beta T cell (CL0000625)
    Fold Change: -0.0244
    Cell Significance Index: -0.2300
  • Cell Name: naive thymus-derived CD8-positive, alpha-beta T cell (CL0000900)
    Fold Change: -0.0251
    Cell Significance Index: -0.2500
  • Cell Name: early promyelocyte (CL0002154)
    Fold Change: -0.0255
    Cell Significance Index: -0.1600
  • Cell Name: macrophage (CL0000235)
    Fold Change: -0.0273
    Cell Significance Index: -0.2800
  • Cell Name: VIP GABAergic cortical interneuron (CL4023016)
    Fold Change: -0.0280
    Cell Significance Index: -0.5600
  • Cell Name: nasal mucosa goblet cell (CL0002480)
    Fold Change: -0.0284
    Cell Significance Index: -0.2900
  • Cell Name: megakaryocyte progenitor cell (CL0000553)
    Fold Change: -0.0291
    Cell Significance Index: -0.2100
  • Cell Name: paneth cell (CL0000510)
    Fold Change: -0.0327
    Cell Significance Index: -0.3400
  • Cell Name: secretory cell (CL0000151)
    Fold Change: -0.0345
    Cell Significance Index: -0.2400
  • Cell Name: T cell (CL0000084)
    Fold Change: -0.0361
    Cell Significance Index: -0.4300
  • Cell Name: sst GABAergic cortical interneuron (CL4023017)
    Fold Change: -0.0369
    Cell Significance Index: -0.7300
  • Cell Name: early T lineage precursor (CL0002425)
    Fold Change: -0.0393
    Cell Significance Index: -0.5700
  • Cell Name: astrocyte of the cerebral cortex (CL0002605)
    Fold Change: -0.0422
    Cell Significance Index: -0.7300
  • Cell Name: fibroblast of cardiac tissue (CL0002548)
    Fold Change: -0.0467
    Cell Significance Index: -0.6700
  • Cell Name: glutamatergic neuron (CL0000679)
    Fold Change: -0.0468
    Cell Significance Index: -0.5100
  • Cell Name: plasmacytoid dendritic cell (CL0000784)
    Fold Change: -0.0488
    Cell Significance Index: -0.6400
  • Cell Name: pericyte (CL0000669)
    Fold Change: -0.0489
    Cell Significance Index: -0.5900
  • Cell Name: stromal cell (CL0000499)
    Fold Change: -0.0543
    Cell Significance Index: -0.5600
  • Cell Name: vascular associated smooth muscle cell (CL0000359)
    Fold Change: -0.0575
    Cell Significance Index: -0.6100
  • Cell Name: oligodendrocyte (CL0000128)
    Fold Change: -0.0578
    Cell Significance Index: -0.6200
  • Cell Name: double negative thymocyte (CL0002489)
    Fold Change: -0.0590
    Cell Significance Index: -0.7000
  • Cell Name: CD14-positive monocyte (CL0001054)
    Fold Change: -0.0593
    Cell Significance Index: -1.1600
  • Cell Name: endothelial cell (CL0000115)
    Fold Change: -0.0594
    Cell Significance Index: -0.7300
  • Cell Name: mononuclear phagocyte (CL0000113)
    Fold Change: -0.0603
    Cell Significance Index: -0.5100
  • Cell Name: myeloid cell (CL0000763)
    Fold Change: -0.0622
    Cell Significance Index: -0.8300
  • Cell Name: glial cell (CL0000125)
    Fold Change: -0.0630
    Cell Significance Index: -0.6900
  • Cell Name: L2/3 intratelencephalic projecting glutamatergic neuron (CL4030059)
    Fold Change: -0.0645
    Cell Significance Index: -0.8600
  • Cell Name: astrocyte (CL0000127)
    Fold Change: -0.0682
    Cell Significance Index: -0.7800
  • Cell Name: mesenchymal cell (CL0008019)
    Fold Change: -0.0723
    Cell Significance Index: -1.2100
  • Cell Name: B cell (CL0000236)
    Fold Change: -0.0736
    Cell Significance Index: -0.8700
  • Cell Name: fibroblast (CL0000057)
    Fold Change: -0.0756
    Cell Significance Index: -0.7100
  • Cell Name: neuron (CL0000540)
    Fold Change: -0.0849
    Cell Significance Index: -0.8100
  • Cell Name: natural killer cell (CL0000623)
    Fold Change: -0.1002
    Cell Significance Index: -1.1100
  • Cell Name: retinal rod cell (CL0000604)
    Fold Change: -0.1015
    Cell Significance Index: -1.2100
  • Cell Name: classical monocyte (CL0000860)
    Fold Change: -0.1031
    Cell Significance Index: -0.9600
  • Cell Name: CD4-positive, alpha-beta memory T cell (CL0000897)
    Fold Change: -0.1072
    Cell Significance Index: -1.0300
  • Cell Name: CD1c-positive myeloid dendritic cell (CL0002399)
    Fold Change: -0.1137
    Cell Significance Index: -1.1800
  • Cell Name: CD8-positive, alpha-beta memory T cell (CL0000909)
    Fold Change: -0.1163
    Cell Significance Index: -1.1800
  • Cell Name: naive T cell (CL0000898)
    Fold Change: -0.1271
    Cell Significance Index: -1.1600
  • Cell Name: alveolar macrophage (CL0000583)
    Fold Change: -0.1288
    Cell Significance Index: -1.1400
  • Cell Name: central memory CD4-positive, alpha-beta T cell (CL0000904)
    Fold Change: -0.1383
    Cell Significance Index: -1.2100
  • Cell Name: germ cell (CL0000586)
    Fold Change: -0.1450
    Cell Significance Index: -1.1000
  • Cell Name: Mueller cell (CL0000636)
    Fold Change: -0.1560
    Cell Significance Index: -1.2000

Cell ID: Standard Cell Ontology term used for mapping and comparing cells across experiments. Ensures consistency in analyzing cellular functions across tissues.
Fold Change: Represents the ratio of the current Cell Significance Index to the Cell Significance Index Threshold, indicating how much the gene expression has changed compared to a baseline.
Cell Significance Index: Reflects how strongly a gene is expressed in this specific cell.

Cell ID: Standard Cell Ontology term used for mapping and comparing cells across experiments. Ensures consistency in analyzing cellular functions across tissues.
Fold Change: Represents the ratio of the current Cell Significance Index to the Cell Significance Index Threshold, indicating how much the gene expression has changed compared to a baseline.
Cell Significance Index: Reflects how strongly a gene is expressed in this cell type. Calculated using techniques like effect size estimation and bootstrapping for reliability.

Cell ID: Standard Cell Ontology term used for mapping and comparing cells across experiments. Ensures consistency in analyzing cellular functions across tissues.
Fold Change: Represents the ratio of the current Cell Significance Index to the Cell Significance Index Threshold, indicating how much the gene expression has changed compared to a baseline.
Cell Significance Index: Reflects how strongly a gene is expressed in this cell type. Calculated using techniques like effect size estimation and bootstrapping for reliability.

Other Information

**Key Characteristics:** GK2 is a ubiquitous enzyme found in nearly all eukaryotic cells, with a wide range of tissue distributions, including the brain, kidneys, and reproductive system. It belongs to the GAPDH family, which is known for its ability to catalyze the conversion of glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate (GAP) to 1,3-bisphosphoglycerate (1,3-BPG). This reaction is a crucial step in glycolysis, the primary energy-producing pathway in cells. **Pathways and Functions:** GK2 is involved in several metabolic pathways, including glycolysis, glycerol catabolism, and lipid metabolism. Its primary function is to convert GAP to 1,3-BPG, which is then used in the subsequent steps of glycolysis to produce energy. Additionally, GK2 has been implicated in the regulation of spermatogenesis, with its expression being highly elevated in male germ cells. This suggests that GK2 plays a critical role in the development and maintenance of sperm cells. **Clinical Significance:** Dysregulation of GK2 has been linked to various diseases, including cancer, neurological disorders, and metabolic disorders. For instance, altered expression of GK2 has been observed in certain types of cancer, such as leukemia and lymphoma, suggesting its potential role as a biomarker or therapeutic target. Moreover, GK2 has been implicated in the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative diseases, such as Alzheimer's and Parkinson's, where its dysregulation may contribute to the accumulation of amyloid-β and α-synuclein, respectively. Furthermore, GK2 has been shown to be involved in the regulation of the immune response, with its expression being elevated in certain immune cells, such as microglial cells and mononuclear cells. This suggests that GK2 may play a role in modulating the immune response and may be a potential target for the treatment of autoimmune diseases. **Conclusion:** In conclusion, GK2 is a multifaceted enzyme with far-reaching implications in cellular metabolism, spermatogenesis, and immune function. Further research is needed to fully elucidate the mechanisms by which GK2 regulates these processes and to explore its potential as a therapeutic target for various diseases. As an expert immunologist, I hope that this review will inspire further investigation into the role of GK2 in human health and disease. **References:** * [Insert relevant references] Note: Please ensure that you cite the references used in your article and that they are up-to-date. Additionally, it's always a good idea to consult with a medical professional or a qualified expert in the field before publishing any information.

Genular Protein ID: 1553876210

Symbol: GLPK2_HUMAN

Name: Glycerol kinase 2

UniProtKB Accession Codes:

Q14410 A8K876 Q6PD73 Q86XV8

Database IDs:

AGR 1 AlphaFoldDB 1 Antibodypedia 1 Bgee 1 BioGRID 1 BioGRID-ORCS 1 BioMuta 1 CCDS 1 CDD 1 CTD 1 ChEBI 9 DMDM 1 DNASU 1 DisGeNET 1 EC 2 EMBL 6 Ensembl 1 ExpressionAtlas 1 GO 14 Gene3D 1 GeneCards 1 GeneTree 1 GenomeRNAi 1 HGNC 1 HOGENOM 1 HPA 1 InParanoid 1 IntAct 1 InterPro 7 KEGG 1 MANE-Select 1 MIM 1 MassIVE 1 NCBI Taxonomy 1 NCBIfam 1 OMA 1 OpenTargets 1 OrthoDB 1 PANTHER 2 PIR 1 PIRSF 1 PRO 1 PROSITE 2 PathwayCommons 1 PaxDb 1 PeptideAtlas 1 Pfam 2 PharmGKB 1 Pharos 1 PhosphoSitePlus 1 PhylomeDB 1 Proteomes 1 ProteomicsDB 1 Pumba 1 RNAct 1 Reactome 1 RefSeq 1 Rhea 1 SMR 1 STRING 1 SUPFAM 1 SignaLink 1 TreeFam 1 UCSC 1 UniPathway 1 VEuPathDB 1 eggNOG 1 iPTMnet 1 jPOST 1 neXtProt 1

Citations:

PubMed ID: 7987308

Title: The glycerol kinase gene family: structure of the Xp gene, and related intronless retroposons.

PubMed ID: 7987308

DOI: 10.1093/hmg/3.8.1317

PubMed ID: 14702039

Title: Complete sequencing and characterization of 21,243 full-length human cDNAs.

PubMed ID: 14702039

DOI: 10.1038/ng1285

PubMed ID: 15489334

Title: The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC).

PubMed ID: 15489334

DOI: 10.1101/gr.2596504

PubMed ID: 28852571

Title: Glycerol kinase-like proteins cooperate with Pld6 in regulating sperm mitochondrial sheath formation and male fertility.

PubMed ID: 28852571

DOI: 10.1038/celldisc.2017.30

PubMed ID: 33536340

Title: ARMC12 regulates spatiotemporal mitochondrial dynamics during spermiogenesis and is required for male fertility.

PubMed ID: 33536340

DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2018355118

Sequence Information:

  • Length: 553
  • Mass: 60594
  • Checksum: 8CE43A0686BC4AD6
  • Sequence:
    • MAAPKTAAVG PLVGAVVQGT NSTRFLVFNS KTAELLSHHK VELTQEFPKE GWVEQDPKEI 
LQSVYECIAR TCEKLDELNI DISNIKAVGV SNQRETTVIW DKLTGEPLYN AVVWLDLRTQ 
TTVEDLSKKI PGNSNFVKSK TGLPLSTYFS AVKLRWMLDN VRNVQKAVEE GRALFGTIDS 
WLIWSLTGGV NGGVHCTDVT NASRTMLFNI HSLEWDKELC DFFEIPMDLL PNVFSSSEIY 
GLIKTGALEG VPISGCLGDQ CAALVGQMCF QEGQAKNTYG TGCFLLCNTG RKCVFSEHGL 
LTTVAYKLGR EKPAYYALEG SVAIAGAVIR WLRDNLGIIE TSGDIERLAK EVGTSYGCYF 
VPAFSGLYAP YWEPSARGIL CGLTQFTNKC HIAFAALEAV CFQTREILEA MNRDCGIPLR 
HLQVDGGMTN NKVLMQLQAD ILHIPVIKPF MPETTALGAA MAAGAAEGVS VWSLEPQALS 
VLRMERFEPQ IQATESEIRY ATWKKAVMKS MGWVTSQSPE GGDPSIFSSL PLGFFIVSSM 
VMLIGARYIS GVP

Database document:

This is a preview of the gene's schema. Only a few entries are kept for 'singleCellExpressions,' 'mRNAExpressions,' and other large data arrays for visualization purposes. You can zoom in with the mouse wheel for a closer view, and the text will adjust automatically if necessary. For the full schema, download it here.