Details for: GPR20

Gene ID: 2843

Symbol: GPR20

Ensembl ID: ENSG00000204882

Description: G protein-coupled receptor 20

Associated with

Cells (max top 100)

(Cell Significance Index and respective Thresholds are uniquely calculated using our advanced thresholding algorithms to reveal cell-specific gene markers)

  • Cell Name: smooth muscle fiber of ileum (CL1000278)
    Fold Change: 12.0520
    Cell Significance Index: -5.6900
  • Cell Name: microcirculation associated smooth muscle cell (CL0008035)
    Fold Change: 2.0750
    Cell Significance Index: 17.4300
  • Cell Name: myometrial cell (CL0002366)
    Fold Change: 2.0339
    Cell Significance Index: 23.4300
  • Cell Name: enteric smooth muscle cell (CL0002504)
    Fold Change: 1.4890
    Cell Significance Index: 7.8400
  • Cell Name: thymocyte (CL0000893)
    Fold Change: 0.6871
    Cell Significance Index: 8.6800
  • Cell Name: neural progenitor cell (CL0011020)
    Fold Change: 0.2597
    Cell Significance Index: 2.5700
  • Cell Name: mesenchymal cell (CL0008019)
    Fold Change: 0.1004
    Cell Significance Index: 1.6800
  • Cell Name: fraction A pre-pro B cell (CL0002045)
    Fold Change: 0.0393
    Cell Significance Index: 0.4700
  • Cell Name: mesodermal cell (CL0000222)
    Fold Change: 0.0208
    Cell Significance Index: 0.1300
  • Cell Name: GABAergic interneuron (CL0011005)
    Fold Change: 0.0055
    Cell Significance Index: 3.8100
  • Cell Name: fibroblast of dermis (CL0002551)
    Fold Change: -0.0005
    Cell Significance Index: -0.0100
  • Cell Name: pigmented epithelial cell (CL0000529)
    Fold Change: -0.0031
    Cell Significance Index: -5.8100
  • Cell Name: medial ganglionic eminence derived interneuron (CL4023063)
    Fold Change: -0.0056
    Cell Significance Index: -0.0800
  • Cell Name: pancreatic stellate cell (CL0002410)
    Fold Change: -0.0056
    Cell Significance Index: -0.0700
  • Cell Name: non-pigmented ciliary epithelial cell (CL0002304)
    Fold Change: -0.0077
    Cell Significance Index: -4.9000
  • Cell Name: pancreatic A cell (CL0000171)
    Fold Change: -0.0078
    Cell Significance Index: -5.8100
  • Cell Name: neoplastic cell (CL0001063)
    Fold Change: -0.0097
    Cell Significance Index: -1.9300
  • Cell Name: type B pancreatic cell (CL0000169)
    Fold Change: -0.0101
    Cell Significance Index: -5.7200
  • Cell Name: cell in vitro (CL0001034)
    Fold Change: -0.0105
    Cell Significance Index: -5.7300
  • Cell Name: ciliary muscle cell (CL1000443)
    Fold Change: -0.0139
    Cell Significance Index: -6.3000
  • Cell Name: L2/3-6 intratelencephalic projecting glutamatergic neuron (CL4023040)
    Fold Change: -0.0140
    Cell Significance Index: -2.8000
  • Cell Name: epithelial cell of stomach (CL0002178)
    Fold Change: -0.0153
    Cell Significance Index: -1.7800
  • Cell Name: obsolete caudal ganglionic eminence derived GABAergic cortical interneuron (CL4023070)
    Fold Change: -0.0166
    Cell Significance Index: -5.9600
  • Cell Name: dopaminergic neuron (CL0000700)
    Fold Change: -0.0191
    Cell Significance Index: -5.5100
  • Cell Name: intermediate cell of urothelium (CL4030055)
    Fold Change: -0.0198
    Cell Significance Index: -3.5700
  • Cell Name: basal cell of urothelium (CL1000486)
    Fold Change: -0.0267
    Cell Significance Index: -3.2800
  • Cell Name: stromal cell of ovary (CL0002132)
    Fold Change: -0.0329
    Cell Significance Index: -4.5200
  • Cell Name: pigmented ciliary epithelial cell (CL0002303)
    Fold Change: -0.0333
    Cell Significance Index: -4.8400
  • Cell Name: pancreatic ductal cell (CL0002079)
    Fold Change: -0.0384
    Cell Significance Index: -4.4000
  • Cell Name: hepatoblast (CL0005026)
    Fold Change: -0.0386
    Cell Significance Index: -0.6500
  • Cell Name: fibro/adipogenic progenitor cell (CL0009099)
    Fold Change: -0.0436
    Cell Significance Index: -2.2000
  • Cell Name: acinar cell of salivary gland (CL0002623)
    Fold Change: -0.0474
    Cell Significance Index: -2.2100
  • Cell Name: abnormal cell (CL0001061)
    Fold Change: -0.0481
    Cell Significance Index: -4.9200
  • Cell Name: smooth muscle cell of sphincter of pupil (CL0002243)
    Fold Change: -0.0587
    Cell Significance Index: -6.1100
  • Cell Name: retinal progenitor cell (CL0002672)
    Fold Change: -0.0621
    Cell Significance Index: -3.4900
  • Cell Name: lactocyte (CL0002325)
    Fold Change: -0.0630
    Cell Significance Index: -8.1400
  • Cell Name: helper T cell (CL0000912)
    Fold Change: -0.0640
    Cell Significance Index: -0.9100
  • Cell Name: skeletal muscle fiber (CL0008002)
    Fold Change: -0.0689
    Cell Significance Index: -1.7700
  • Cell Name: cardiac muscle myoblast (CL0000513)
    Fold Change: -0.0866
    Cell Significance Index: -6.6500
  • Cell Name: basal epithelial cell of tracheobronchial tree (CL0002329)
    Fold Change: -0.0913
    Cell Significance Index: -2.5500
  • Cell Name: obsolete epithelial cell of alveolus of lung (CL0010003)
    Fold Change: -0.1003
    Cell Significance Index: -2.5000
  • Cell Name: neuron associated cell (CL0000095)
    Fold Change: -0.1055
    Cell Significance Index: -4.3200
  • Cell Name: basal cell of prostate epithelium (CL0002341)
    Fold Change: -0.1075
    Cell Significance Index: -2.9300
  • Cell Name: enterocyte of epithelium of large intestine (CL0002071)
    Fold Change: -0.1101
    Cell Significance Index: -4.9900
  • Cell Name: progenitor cell of mammary luminal epithelium (CL0009116)
    Fold Change: -0.1107
    Cell Significance Index: -8.2500
  • Cell Name: osteoblast (CL0000062)
    Fold Change: -0.1144
    Cell Significance Index: -1.1100
  • Cell Name: L5 extratelencephalic projecting glutamatergic cortical neuron (CL4023041)
    Fold Change: -0.1225
    Cell Significance Index: -4.2900
  • Cell Name: bladder urothelial cell (CL1001428)
    Fold Change: -0.1230
    Cell Significance Index: -6.3900
  • Cell Name: mesonephric nephron tubule epithelial cell (CL1000022)
    Fold Change: -0.1341
    Cell Significance Index: -4.6600
  • Cell Name: luminal adaptive secretory precursor cell of mammary gland (CL4033057)
    Fold Change: -0.1351
    Cell Significance Index: -6.3500
  • Cell Name: caudal ganglionic eminence derived cortical interneuron (CL4023064)
    Fold Change: -0.1429
    Cell Significance Index: -2.8500
  • Cell Name: precursor B cell (CL0000817)
    Fold Change: -0.1437
    Cell Significance Index: -1.8600
  • Cell Name: squamous epithelial cell (CL0000076)
    Fold Change: -0.1439
    Cell Significance Index: -1.7500
  • Cell Name: decidual cell (CL2000002)
    Fold Change: -0.1440
    Cell Significance Index: -2.3100
  • Cell Name: mural cell (CL0008034)
    Fold Change: -0.1446
    Cell Significance Index: -1.7600
  • Cell Name: muscle cell (CL0000187)
    Fold Change: -0.1474
    Cell Significance Index: -1.4100
  • Cell Name: connective tissue cell (CL0002320)
    Fold Change: -0.1546
    Cell Significance Index: -1.4900
  • Cell Name: neutrophil progenitor cell (CL0000834)
    Fold Change: -0.1552
    Cell Significance Index: -4.1500
  • Cell Name: corticothalamic-projecting glutamatergic cortical neuron (CL4023013)
    Fold Change: -0.1554
    Cell Significance Index: -4.9500
  • Cell Name: kidney epithelial cell (CL0002518)
    Fold Change: -0.1599
    Cell Significance Index: -4.7100
  • Cell Name: tendon cell (CL0000388)
    Fold Change: -0.1603
    Cell Significance Index: -2.1800
  • Cell Name: CD4-positive, alpha-beta thymocyte (CL0000810)
    Fold Change: -0.1647
    Cell Significance Index: -2.8400
  • Cell Name: centrilobular region hepatocyte (CL0019029)
    Fold Change: -0.1733
    Cell Significance Index: -2.9200
  • Cell Name: skeletal muscle myoblast (CL0000515)
    Fold Change: -0.1766
    Cell Significance Index: -1.9200
  • Cell Name: eukaryotic cell (CL0000255)
    Fold Change: -0.1790
    Cell Significance Index: -7.7800
  • Cell Name: epithelial cell of nephron (CL1000449)
    Fold Change: -0.1806
    Cell Significance Index: -1.5400
  • Cell Name: L6b glutamatergic cortical neuron (CL4023038)
    Fold Change: -0.1830
    Cell Significance Index: -5.9900
  • Cell Name: stromal cell of endometrium (CL0002255)
    Fold Change: -0.1863
    Cell Significance Index: -2.6500
  • Cell Name: pulmonary capillary endothelial cell (CL4028001)
    Fold Change: -0.1910
    Cell Significance Index: -2.6200
  • Cell Name: preadipocyte (CL0002334)
    Fold Change: -0.1927
    Cell Significance Index: -3.7600
  • Cell Name: stratified epithelial cell (CL0000079)
    Fold Change: -0.1983
    Cell Significance Index: -7.2800
  • Cell Name: periportal region hepatocyte (CL0019026)
    Fold Change: -0.1985
    Cell Significance Index: -2.9300
  • Cell Name: cerebral cortex neuron (CL0010012)
    Fold Change: -0.2045
    Cell Significance Index: -1.9500
  • Cell Name: L4 intratelencephalic projecting glutamatergic neuron (CL4030063)
    Fold Change: -0.2062
    Cell Significance Index: -2.2600
  • Cell Name: cerebral cortex endothelial cell (CL1001602)
    Fold Change: -0.2108
    Cell Significance Index: -4.2900
  • Cell Name: early T lineage precursor (CL0002425)
    Fold Change: -0.2111
    Cell Significance Index: -3.0700
  • Cell Name: GABAergic neuron (CL0000617)
    Fold Change: -0.2116
    Cell Significance Index: -2.6700
  • Cell Name: placental villous trophoblast (CL2000060)
    Fold Change: -0.2125
    Cell Significance Index: -5.6800
  • Cell Name: granulosa cell (CL0000501)
    Fold Change: -0.2141
    Cell Significance Index: -5.6300
  • Cell Name: L2/3 intratelencephalic projecting glutamatergic neuron (CL4030059)
    Fold Change: -0.2176
    Cell Significance Index: -2.9000
  • Cell Name: cortical cell of adrenal gland (CL0002097)
    Fold Change: -0.2217
    Cell Significance Index: -5.9400
  • Cell Name: fallopian tube secretory epithelial cell (CL4030006)
    Fold Change: -0.2256
    Cell Significance Index: -3.4900
  • Cell Name: CD14-low, CD16-positive monocyte (CL0002396)
    Fold Change: -0.2275
    Cell Significance Index: -5.5100
  • Cell Name: erythrocyte (CL0000232)
    Fold Change: -0.2292
    Cell Significance Index: -5.8400
  • Cell Name: erythroid progenitor cell (CL0000038)
    Fold Change: -0.2370
    Cell Significance Index: -3.1000
  • Cell Name: fibroblast of connective tissue of nonglandular part of prostate (CL1000304)
    Fold Change: -0.2373
    Cell Significance Index: -2.5900
  • Cell Name: lung macrophage (CL1001603)
    Fold Change: -0.2399
    Cell Significance Index: -2.6200
  • Cell Name: near-projecting glutamatergic cortical neuron (CL4023012)
    Fold Change: -0.2437
    Cell Significance Index: -6.0800
  • Cell Name: smooth muscle cell of prostate (CL1000487)
    Fold Change: -0.2458
    Cell Significance Index: -2.8500
  • Cell Name: Purkinje cell (CL0000121)
    Fold Change: -0.2498
    Cell Significance Index: -5.4700
  • Cell Name: pulmonary artery endothelial cell (CL1001568)
    Fold Change: -0.2532
    Cell Significance Index: -2.7100
  • Cell Name: CD14-positive monocyte (CL0001054)
    Fold Change: -0.2562
    Cell Significance Index: -5.0100
  • Cell Name: muscle fibroblast (CL1001609)
    Fold Change: -0.2579
    Cell Significance Index: -1.5800
  • Cell Name: fibroblast of connective tissue of glandular part of prostate (CL1000305)
    Fold Change: -0.2580
    Cell Significance Index: -2.8500
  • Cell Name: fibroblast of lung (CL0002553)
    Fold Change: -0.2591
    Cell Significance Index: -3.0800
  • Cell Name: intestinal epithelial cell (CL0002563)
    Fold Change: -0.2603
    Cell Significance Index: -2.7000
  • Cell Name: smooth muscle cell (CL0000192)
    Fold Change: -0.2668
    Cell Significance Index: -3.1000
  • Cell Name: mesangial cell (CL0000650)
    Fold Change: -0.2671
    Cell Significance Index: -3.3800
  • Cell Name: type G enteroendocrine cell (CL0000508)
    Fold Change: -0.2672
    Cell Significance Index: -2.8300
  • Cell Name: keratinocyte (CL0000312)
    Fold Change: -0.2691
    Cell Significance Index: -6.7200

Cell ID: Standard Cell Ontology term used for mapping and comparing cells across experiments. Ensures consistency in analyzing cellular functions across tissues.
Fold Change: Represents the ratio of the current Cell Significance Index to the Cell Significance Index Threshold, indicating how much the gene expression has changed compared to a baseline.
Cell Significance Index: Reflects how strongly a gene is expressed in this specific cell.

Cell ID: Standard Cell Ontology term used for mapping and comparing cells across experiments. Ensures consistency in analyzing cellular functions across tissues.
Fold Change: Represents the ratio of the current Cell Significance Index to the Cell Significance Index Threshold, indicating how much the gene expression has changed compared to a baseline.
Cell Significance Index: Reflects how strongly a gene is expressed in this cell type. Calculated using techniques like effect size estimation and bootstrapping for reliability.

Cell ID: Standard Cell Ontology term used for mapping and comparing cells across experiments. Ensures consistency in analyzing cellular functions across tissues.
Fold Change: Represents the ratio of the current Cell Significance Index to the Cell Significance Index Threshold, indicating how much the gene expression has changed compared to a baseline.
Cell Significance Index: Reflects how strongly a gene is expressed in this cell type. Calculated using techniques like effect size estimation and bootstrapping for reliability.

Other Information

**Key Characteristics:** GPR20 exhibits a unique characteristic among GPCRs, as it is primarily expressed in cells of the gastrointestinal tract, including enteric smooth muscle cells, goblet cells, and intestinal crypt stem cells. This geographical restriction suggests a specialized function, likely tied to the gut-associated immune system. Notably, GPR20 is also expressed in hematopoietic stem cells, B cells, and certain neural cells, indicating a broader range of cellular involvement. The receptor's ligands are not well-characterized, but its activation has been shown to modulate various signaling pathways, including those involved in cell proliferation, differentiation, and survival. **Pathways and Functions:** GPR20's signaling pathways are multifaceted, with evidence suggesting involvement in: 1. **Gαs signaling events**: The receptor's activation leads to the activation of Gαs proteins, which in turn stimulate adenylate cyclase activity, resulting in increased cAMP levels and subsequent cellular responses. 2. **Positive regulation of Rho protein signal transduction**: GPR20 signaling has been shown to modulate Rho GTPases, which play critical roles in cell migration, cytoskeleton reorganization, and cell differentiation. 3. **Receptor complex formation**: GPR20 interacts with other receptors and signaling molecules, influencing the formation of complex signaling networks. 4. **Signaling by GPCRs**: As a GPCR, GPR20's activation triggers the activation of downstream signaling molecules, including G proteins, kinases, and transcription factors. **Clinical Significance:** GPR20's involvement in immune regulation and cellular differentiation has significant implications for various diseases: 1. **Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD)**: Dysregulation of GPR20 signaling has been implicated in the pathogenesis of IBD, a condition characterized by chronic inflammation of the gastrointestinal tract. 2. **Immune-mediated disorders**: GPR20's role in B cell development and function suggests its involvement in autoimmune diseases, such as rheumatoid arthritis and lupus. 3. **Cancer**: The receptor's expression in certain cancer types, including colon cancer, implies its potential as a therapeutic target. 4. **Neurological disorders**: GPR20's expression in neural cells and its involvement in signaling pathways related to cell migration and differentiation suggest its potential role in neurological disorders, such as multiple sclerosis and Alzheimer's disease. In conclusion, GPR20 is a complex GPCR with far-reaching implications in immune regulation, cellular differentiation, and tissue homeostasis. Further research is necessary to fully elucidate the receptor's mechanisms of action and its clinical significance, but the existing evidence highlights the potential of GPR20 as a therapeutic target for various diseases.

Genular Protein ID: 1378764620

Symbol: GPR20_HUMAN

Name: G-protein coupled receptor 20

UniProtKB Accession Codes:

Q99678 Q17R96

Database IDs:

AGR 1 AlphaFoldDB 1 Antibodypedia 1 Bgee 1 BioGRID 1 BioGRID-ORCS 1 BioMuta 1 CCDS 1 CDD 1 CPTAC 1 CTD 1 ChEMBL 1 DMDM 1 DNASU 1 DisGeNET 1 EMBL 3 EMDB 3 Ensembl 3 GO 6 Gene3D 1 GeneCards 1 GeneTree 1 GeneWiki 1 GenomeRNAi 1 GlyCosmos 1 GlyGen 1 HGNC 1 HOGENOM 1 HPA 1 InParanoid 1 IntAct 1 InterPro 2 KEGG 1 MANE-Select 1 MIM 1 NCBI Taxonomy 1 OMA 1 OpenTargets 1 OrthoDB 1 PANTHER 2 PDB 3 PDBsum 3 PRINTS 1 PRO 1 PROSITE 2 PathwayCommons 1 PaxDb 1 PeptideAtlas 1 Pfam 1 PharmGKB 1 Pharos 1 PhosphoSitePlus 1 PhylomeDB 1 Proteomes 1 RNAct 1 Reactome 1 RefSeq 1 SMR 1 STRING 1 SUPFAM 1 SignaLink 1 TCDB 1 TreeFam 1 UCSC 1 VEuPathDB 1 eggNOG 1 iPTMnet 1 neXtProt 1

Citations:

PubMed ID: 9073069

Title: Cloning and chromosomal mapping of four putative novel human G-protein-coupled receptor genes.

PubMed ID: 9073069

DOI: 10.1016/s0378-1119(96)00722-6

PubMed ID: 15489334

Title: The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC).

PubMed ID: 15489334

DOI: 10.1101/gr.2596504

PubMed ID: 18347022

Title: Characterization of an orphan G protein-coupled receptor, GPR20, that constitutively activates Gi proteins.

PubMed ID: 18347022

DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m709487200

Sequence Information:

  • Length: 358
  • Mass: 38650
  • Checksum: 5A34126C51BA732C
  • Sequence:
    • MPSVSPAGPS AGAVPNATAV TTVRTNASGL EVPLFHLFAR LDEELHGTFP GLWLALMAVH 
GAIFLAGLVL NGLALYVFCC RTRAKTPSVI YTINLVVTDL LVGLSLPTRF AVYYGARGCL 
RCAFPHVLGY FLNMHCSILF LTCICVDRYL AIVRPEGSRR CRQPACARAV CAFVWLAAGA 
VTLSVLGVTG SRPCCRVFAL TVLEFLLPLL VISVFTGRIM CALSRPGLLH QGRQRRVRAM 
QLLLTVLIIF LVCFTPFHAR QVAVALWPDM PHHTSLVVYH VAVTLSSLNS CMDPIVYCFV 
TSGFQATVRG LFGQHGEREP SSGDVVSMHR SSKGSGRHHI LSAGPHALTQ ALANGPEA

Genular Protein ID: 889771449

Symbol: Q59GP3_HUMAN

Name: N/A

UniProtKB Accession Codes:

Q59GP3

Database IDs:

ARBA 5 AlphaFoldDB 1 BioGRID-ORCS 1 CTD 1 DNASU 1 DisGeNET 1 EMBL 2 GO 2 Gene3D 1 InterPro 2 KEGG 1 NCBI Taxonomy 1 OrthoDB 1 PANTHER 2 PRINTS 1 PROSITE 3 Pfam 1 PharmGKB 1 RefSeq 1 RuleBase 1 SAM 2 SUPFAM 1

Sequence Information:

  • Length: 273
  • Mass: 29791
  • Checksum: 8571B8E21E685AB1
  • Sequence:
    • TPSVIYTINL VVTDLLVGLS LPTRFAVYYG ARGCLRCAFP HVLGYFLNMH CSILFLTCIC 
VDRYLAIVRP EGSRRCRQPA CARAVCAFVW LAAGAVTLSV LGVTGSRPCC RVFALTVLEF 
LLPLLVISVF TGRIMCALSR PGLLHQGRQR RVRAMQLLLT VLIIFLVCFT PFHARQVAVA 
LWPDMPHHTS LVVYHVAVTL SSLNSCMDPI VYCFVTSGFQ ATVRGLFGQH GEREPSSGDV 
VSMHRSSKGS GRHHILSAGP HALTQALANG PEA

Database document:

This is a preview of the gene's schema. Only a few entries are kept for 'singleCellExpressions,' 'mRNAExpressions,' and other large data arrays for visualization purposes. You can zoom in with the mouse wheel for a closer view, and the text will adjust automatically if necessary. For the full schema, download it here.