Details for: HDC

Gene ID: 3067

Symbol: HDC

Ensembl ID: ENSG00000140287

Description: histidine decarboxylase

Associated with

Cells (max top 100)

(Cell Significance Index and respective Thresholds are uniquely calculated using our advanced thresholding algorithms to reveal cell-specific gene markers)

  • Cell Name: polychromatophilic erythroblast (CL0000550)
    Fold Change: 37.2560
    Cell Significance Index: -5.8000
  • Cell Name: hematopoietic oligopotent progenitor cell (CL0002032)
    Fold Change: 22.7682
    Cell Significance Index: -5.7800
  • Cell Name: mucosal type mast cell (CL0000485)
    Fold Change: 10.0183
    Cell Significance Index: -4.0700
  • Cell Name: orthochromatic erythroblast (CL0000552)
    Fold Change: 4.7001
    Cell Significance Index: -5.8000
  • Cell Name: CD14-low, CD16-positive monocyte (CL0002396)
    Fold Change: 0.7832
    Cell Significance Index: 18.9700
  • Cell Name: GABAergic amacrine cell (CL4030027)
    Fold Change: 0.6146
    Cell Significance Index: 7.6200
  • Cell Name: fallopian tube secretory epithelial cell (CL4030006)
    Fold Change: 0.5074
    Cell Significance Index: 7.8500
  • Cell Name: basophil mast progenitor cell (CL0002028)
    Fold Change: 0.4017
    Cell Significance Index: 3.3900
  • Cell Name: epidermal Langerhans cell (CL0002457)
    Fold Change: 0.3107
    Cell Significance Index: -0.6800
  • Cell Name: obsolete epithelial cell of alveolus of lung (CL0010003)
    Fold Change: 0.1664
    Cell Significance Index: 4.1500
  • Cell Name: helper T cell (CL0000912)
    Fold Change: 0.1056
    Cell Significance Index: 1.5000
  • Cell Name: skeletal muscle fiber (CL0008002)
    Fold Change: 0.0241
    Cell Significance Index: 0.6200
  • Cell Name: non-pigmented ciliary epithelial cell (CL0002304)
    Fold Change: -0.0006
    Cell Significance Index: -0.3500
  • Cell Name: pigmented epithelial cell (CL0000529)
    Fold Change: -0.0015
    Cell Significance Index: -2.7800
  • Cell Name: lens epithelial cell (CL0002224)
    Fold Change: -0.0033
    Cell Significance Index: -5.0200
  • Cell Name: anterior lens cell (CL0002223)
    Fold Change: -0.0037
    Cell Significance Index: -6.8900
  • Cell Name: pulmonary alveolar epithelial cell (CL0000322)
    Fold Change: -0.0055
    Cell Significance Index: -4.1800
  • Cell Name: secondary lens fiber (CL0002225)
    Fold Change: -0.0068
    Cell Significance Index: -9.2700
  • Cell Name: pancreatic A cell (CL0000171)
    Fold Change: -0.0078
    Cell Significance Index: -5.8000
  • Cell Name: type B pancreatic cell (CL0000169)
    Fold Change: -0.0095
    Cell Significance Index: -5.3300
  • Cell Name: cell in vitro (CL0001034)
    Fold Change: -0.0105
    Cell Significance Index: -5.7100
  • Cell Name: L2/3-6 intratelencephalic projecting glutamatergic neuron (CL4023040)
    Fold Change: -0.0128
    Cell Significance Index: -2.5600
  • Cell Name: glycinergic neuron (CL1001509)
    Fold Change: -0.0130
    Cell Significance Index: -0.6800
  • Cell Name: ciliary muscle cell (CL1000443)
    Fold Change: -0.0131
    Cell Significance Index: -5.9300
  • Cell Name: neoplastic cell (CL0001063)
    Fold Change: -0.0146
    Cell Significance Index: -2.9000
  • Cell Name: pigmented ciliary epithelial cell (CL0002303)
    Fold Change: -0.0151
    Cell Significance Index: -2.1900
  • Cell Name: obsolete caudal ganglionic eminence derived GABAergic cortical interneuron (CL4023070)
    Fold Change: -0.0151
    Cell Significance Index: -5.4200
  • Cell Name: dopaminergic neuron (CL0000700)
    Fold Change: -0.0200
    Cell Significance Index: -5.7500
  • Cell Name: intermediate cell of urothelium (CL4030055)
    Fold Change: -0.0201
    Cell Significance Index: -3.6300
  • Cell Name: pancreatic D cell (CL0000173)
    Fold Change: -0.0273
    Cell Significance Index: -5.7400
  • Cell Name: pancreatic acinar cell (CL0002064)
    Fold Change: -0.0308
    Cell Significance Index: -5.2600
  • Cell Name: acinar cell of salivary gland (CL0002623)
    Fold Change: -0.0367
    Cell Significance Index: -1.7100
  • Cell Name: basal cell of urothelium (CL1000486)
    Fold Change: -0.0371
    Cell Significance Index: -4.5600
  • Cell Name: neutrophil progenitor cell (CL0000834)
    Fold Change: -0.0421
    Cell Significance Index: -1.1300
  • Cell Name: abnormal cell (CL0001061)
    Fold Change: -0.0442
    Cell Significance Index: -4.5100
  • Cell Name: stromal cell of ovary (CL0002132)
    Fold Change: -0.0448
    Cell Significance Index: -6.1500
  • Cell Name: pancreatic ductal cell (CL0002079)
    Fold Change: -0.0487
    Cell Significance Index: -5.5800
  • Cell Name: smooth muscle cell of sphincter of pupil (CL0002243)
    Fold Change: -0.0537
    Cell Significance Index: -5.6000
  • Cell Name: early pro-B cell (CL0002046)
    Fold Change: -0.0718
    Cell Significance Index: -4.6300
  • Cell Name: hippocampal granule cell (CL0001033)
    Fold Change: -0.0727
    Cell Significance Index: -4.8900
  • Cell Name: lung endothelial cell (CL1001567)
    Fold Change: -0.0823
    Cell Significance Index: -4.2900
  • Cell Name: fibroblast of dermis (CL0002551)
    Fold Change: -0.0841
    Cell Significance Index: -1.7600
  • Cell Name: proerythroblast (CL0000547)
    Fold Change: -0.0858
    Cell Significance Index: -1.2300
  • Cell Name: cardiac muscle myoblast (CL0000513)
    Fold Change: -0.0912
    Cell Significance Index: -7.0000
  • Cell Name: neuron associated cell (CL0000095)
    Fold Change: -0.0977
    Cell Significance Index: -4.0000
  • Cell Name: fibro/adipogenic progenitor cell (CL0009099)
    Fold Change: -0.1014
    Cell Significance Index: -5.1300
  • Cell Name: hematopoietic cell (CL0000988)
    Fold Change: -0.1087
    Cell Significance Index: -1.5900
  • Cell Name: luminal adaptive secretory precursor cell of mammary gland (CL4033057)
    Fold Change: -0.1109
    Cell Significance Index: -5.2100
  • Cell Name: endocrine cell (CL0000163)
    Fold Change: -0.1191
    Cell Significance Index: -1.4400
  • Cell Name: duct epithelial cell (CL0000068)
    Fold Change: -0.1273
    Cell Significance Index: -1.7600
  • Cell Name: indirect pathway medium spiny neuron (CL4023029)
    Fold Change: -0.1309
    Cell Significance Index: -5.7900
  • Cell Name: kidney epithelial cell (CL0002518)
    Fold Change: -0.1331
    Cell Significance Index: -3.9200
  • Cell Name: skeletal muscle satellite cell (CL0000594)
    Fold Change: -0.1355
    Cell Significance Index: -1.4300
  • Cell Name: retinal progenitor cell (CL0002672)
    Fold Change: -0.1379
    Cell Significance Index: -7.7400
  • Cell Name: preadipocyte (CL0002334)
    Fold Change: -0.1399
    Cell Significance Index: -2.7300
  • Cell Name: intestinal tuft cell (CL0019032)
    Fold Change: -0.1416
    Cell Significance Index: -8.6800
  • Cell Name: cerebral cortex GABAergic interneuron (CL0010011)
    Fold Change: -0.1439
    Cell Significance Index: -1.4500
  • Cell Name: bladder urothelial cell (CL1001428)
    Fold Change: -0.1450
    Cell Significance Index: -7.5300
  • Cell Name: retinal astrocyte (CL4033015)
    Fold Change: -0.1517
    Cell Significance Index: -1.4900
  • Cell Name: leukocyte (CL0000738)
    Fold Change: -0.1540
    Cell Significance Index: -2.6200
  • Cell Name: direct pathway medium spiny neuron (CL4023026)
    Fold Change: -0.1571
    Cell Significance Index: -5.9500
  • Cell Name: L5 extratelencephalic projecting glutamatergic cortical neuron (CL4023041)
    Fold Change: -0.1633
    Cell Significance Index: -5.7200
  • Cell Name: skeletal muscle myoblast (CL0000515)
    Fold Change: -0.1637
    Cell Significance Index: -1.7800
  • Cell Name: medial ganglionic eminence derived interneuron (CL4023063)
    Fold Change: -0.1644
    Cell Significance Index: -2.3600
  • Cell Name: transit amplifying cell of colon (CL0009011)
    Fold Change: -0.1661
    Cell Significance Index: -5.3200
  • Cell Name: basophil (CL0000767)
    Fold Change: -0.1695
    Cell Significance Index: -1.5600
  • Cell Name: skeletal muscle fibroblast (CL0011027)
    Fold Change: -0.1697
    Cell Significance Index: -1.1500
  • Cell Name: CD4-positive, alpha-beta memory T cell, CD45RO-positive (CL0001204)
    Fold Change: -0.1699
    Cell Significance Index: -4.9900
  • Cell Name: erythrocyte (CL0000232)
    Fold Change: -0.1723
    Cell Significance Index: -4.3900
  • Cell Name: L6b glutamatergic cortical neuron (CL4023038)
    Fold Change: -0.1775
    Cell Significance Index: -5.8100
  • Cell Name: myeloid lineage restricted progenitor cell (CL0000839)
    Fold Change: -0.1778
    Cell Significance Index: -2.5000
  • Cell Name: primitive red blood cell (CL0002355)
    Fold Change: -0.1789
    Cell Significance Index: -2.0300
  • Cell Name: corticothalamic-projecting glutamatergic cortical neuron (CL4023013)
    Fold Change: -0.1799
    Cell Significance Index: -5.7300
  • Cell Name: fibroblast of mammary gland (CL0002555)
    Fold Change: -0.1866
    Cell Significance Index: -5.3500
  • Cell Name: basal cell of prostate epithelium (CL0002341)
    Fold Change: -0.1896
    Cell Significance Index: -5.1600
  • Cell Name: microcirculation associated smooth muscle cell (CL0008035)
    Fold Change: -0.1964
    Cell Significance Index: -1.6500
  • Cell Name: hippocampal pyramidal neuron (CL1001571)
    Fold Change: -0.1994
    Cell Significance Index: -5.6900
  • Cell Name: Purkinje cell (CL0000121)
    Fold Change: -0.2046
    Cell Significance Index: -4.4800
  • Cell Name: granulosa cell (CL0000501)
    Fold Change: -0.2073
    Cell Significance Index: -5.4500
  • Cell Name: pro-T cell (CL0000827)
    Fold Change: -0.2106
    Cell Significance Index: -5.3800
  • Cell Name: early T lineage precursor (CL0002425)
    Fold Change: -0.2177
    Cell Significance Index: -3.1600
  • Cell Name: mast cell (CL0000097)
    Fold Change: -0.2264
    Cell Significance Index: -2.9800
  • Cell Name: retinal blood vessel endothelial cell (CL0002585)
    Fold Change: -0.2268
    Cell Significance Index: -2.9300
  • Cell Name: Schwann cell precursor (CL0002375)
    Fold Change: -0.2279
    Cell Significance Index: -1.8100
  • Cell Name: stratified epithelial cell (CL0000079)
    Fold Change: -0.2310
    Cell Significance Index: -8.4800
  • Cell Name: cerebellar granule cell (CL0001031)
    Fold Change: -0.2317
    Cell Significance Index: -3.9700
  • Cell Name: near-projecting glutamatergic cortical neuron (CL4023012)
    Fold Change: -0.2327
    Cell Significance Index: -5.8100
  • Cell Name: enteric smooth muscle cell (CL0002504)
    Fold Change: -0.2337
    Cell Significance Index: -1.2300
  • Cell Name: neuroendocrine cell (CL0000165)
    Fold Change: -0.2345
    Cell Significance Index: -2.9700
  • Cell Name: CD14-positive, CD16-negative classical monocyte (CL0002057)
    Fold Change: -0.2446
    Cell Significance Index: -4.5200
  • Cell Name: CD4-positive, alpha-beta thymocyte (CL0000810)
    Fold Change: -0.2494
    Cell Significance Index: -4.3000
  • Cell Name: eosinophil (CL0000771)
    Fold Change: -0.2506
    Cell Significance Index: -2.2200
  • Cell Name: CD14-positive monocyte (CL0001054)
    Fold Change: -0.2562
    Cell Significance Index: -5.0100
  • Cell Name: endothelial cell of uterus (CL0009095)
    Fold Change: -0.2619
    Cell Significance Index: -1.6400
  • Cell Name: lamp5 GABAergic cortical interneuron (CL4023011)
    Fold Change: -0.2620
    Cell Significance Index: -5.6600
  • Cell Name: centrilobular region hepatocyte (CL0019029)
    Fold Change: -0.2677
    Cell Significance Index: -4.5100
  • Cell Name: megakaryocyte (CL0000556)
    Fold Change: -0.2680
    Cell Significance Index: -4.3400
  • Cell Name: placental villous trophoblast (CL2000060)
    Fold Change: -0.2689
    Cell Significance Index: -7.1800
  • Cell Name: precursor B cell (CL0000817)
    Fold Change: -0.2732
    Cell Significance Index: -3.5400
  • Cell Name: erythroblast (CL0000765)
    Fold Change: -0.2767
    Cell Significance Index: -3.3000

Cell ID: Standard Cell Ontology term used for mapping and comparing cells across experiments. Ensures consistency in analyzing cellular functions across tissues.
Fold Change: Represents the ratio of the current Cell Significance Index to the Cell Significance Index Threshold, indicating how much the gene expression has changed compared to a baseline.
Cell Significance Index: Reflects how strongly a gene is expressed in this specific cell.

Cell ID: Standard Cell Ontology term used for mapping and comparing cells across experiments. Ensures consistency in analyzing cellular functions across tissues.
Fold Change: Represents the ratio of the current Cell Significance Index to the Cell Significance Index Threshold, indicating how much the gene expression has changed compared to a baseline.
Cell Significance Index: Reflects how strongly a gene is expressed in this cell type. Calculated using techniques like effect size estimation and bootstrapping for reliability.

Cell ID: Standard Cell Ontology term used for mapping and comparing cells across experiments. Ensures consistency in analyzing cellular functions across tissues.
Fold Change: Represents the ratio of the current Cell Significance Index to the Cell Significance Index Threshold, indicating how much the gene expression has changed compared to a baseline.
Cell Significance Index: Reflects how strongly a gene is expressed in this cell type. Calculated using techniques like effect size estimation and bootstrapping for reliability.

Other Information

**Key Characteristics:** 1. **Enzyme Activity:** HDC is a decarboxylase enzyme that catalyzes the decarboxylation of histidine to form histamine. 2. **Substrate Specificity:** HDC has a high affinity for histidine, with a Km value of 1.3 mM, and is less efficient at converting other amino acids. 3. **Expression Patterns:** HDC is widely expressed in various cell types, including immune cells (e.g., basophils, goblet cells), epithelial cells (e.g., intestinal crypt stem cells, fallopian tube secretory epithelial cells), and neurons (e.g., cerebral cortex GABAergic interneurons, forebrain radial glial cells). 4. **Protein Structure:** HDC is a metalloenzyme, containing a pyridoxal phosphate cofactor, which is essential for its catalytic activity. **Pathways and Functions:** 1. **Histamine Biosynthesis:** HDC is the rate-limiting enzyme in histamine biosynthesis, converting histidine to histamine. 2. **Catecholamine Biosynthetic Process:** HDC also participates in the biosynthesis of catecholamines, such as dopamine and norepinephrine, by converting histidine to tyrosine. 3. **Histidine Catabolic Process:** HDC is involved in the catabolism of histidine, breaking down the amino acid into kynurenine and glutamate. 4. **Metabolic Pathways:** HDC is also involved in other metabolic pathways, including amino acid metabolism, energy metabolism, and antioxidant defenses. **Clinical Significance:** 1. **Allergic Disorders:** HDC is involved in the pathogenesis of allergic disorders, such as allergic rhinitis, asthma, and atopic dermatitis, due to its role in histamine synthesis. 2. **Neurological Disorders:** HDC has been implicated in various neurological disorders, including Parkinson's disease, schizophrenia, and depression, due to its involvement in catecholamine biosynthesis. 3. **Cancer:** HDC has been found to be overexpressed in certain types of cancer, including breast cancer and colon cancer, suggesting a potential role in tumor progression. 4. **Infectious Diseases:** HDC has been implicated in the pathogenesis of infectious diseases, such as tuberculosis and malaria, due to its role in immune responses and histamine synthesis. In conclusion, HDC is a multifunctional enzyme with significant implications in histamine biosynthesis, catecholamine biosynthesis, and other metabolic pathways. Its dysregulation has been implicated in various diseases, highlighting the need for further research into the role of HDC in human health and disease.

Genular Protein ID: 3688287387

Symbol: DCHS_HUMAN

Name: Histidine decarboxylase

UniProtKB Accession Codes:

P19113 A1L4G0 B7ZM01

Database IDs:

AGR 1 AlphaFoldDB 1 Antibodypedia 1 BRENDA 1 Bgee 1 BioCyc 1 BioGRID 1 BioGRID-ORCS 1 BioMuta 1 CCDS 2 CDD 1 CTD 1 CarbonylDB 1 ChEBI 5 ChEMBL 1 DMDM 1 DNASU 1 DisGeNET 1 DrugBank 2 EC 2 EMBL 7 Ensembl 2 EvolutionaryTrace 1 ExpressionAtlas 1 GO 8 Gene3D 3 GeneCards 1 GeneTree 1 GeneWiki 1 GenomeRNAi 1 HGNC 1 HOGENOM 1 HPA 1 InParanoid 1 IntAct 1 InterPro 6 KEGG 1 MANE-Select 1 MIM 1 MalaCards 1 MassIVE 1 NCBI Taxonomy 1 OMA 1 OpenTargets 1 OrthoDB 1 PANTHER 2 PDB 4 PDBsum 4 PIR 1 PRINTS 1 PRO 1 PROSITE 1 PathwayCommons 1 PaxDb 1 PeptideAtlas 1 Pfam 1 PharmGKB 1 Pharos 1 PhosphoSitePlus 1 PhylomeDB 1 Proteomes 1 ProteomicsDB 2 RNAct 1 Reactome 1 RefSeq 2 Rhea 1 SABIO-RK 1 SMR 1 STRING 1 SUPFAM 1 SignaLink 1 TreeFam 1 UCSC 1 UniPathway 1 VEuPathDB 1 eggNOG 1 iPTMnet 1 neXtProt 1

Citations:

PubMed ID: 2216786

Title: Nucleotide sequence of the cDNA encoding L-histidine decarboxylase derived from human basophilic leukemia cell line, KU-812-F.

PubMed ID: 2216786

DOI: 10.1093/nar/18.19.5891

PubMed ID: 1768863

Title: Cloning of the cDNA encoding human histidine decarboxylase from an erythroleukemia cell line and mapping of the gene locus to chromosome 15.

PubMed ID: 1768863

DOI: 10.3109/10425179109020795

PubMed ID: 1425659

Title: Functional analysis of alternatively spliced transcripts of the human histidine decarboxylase gene and its expression in human tissues and basophilic leukemia cells.

PubMed ID: 1425659

DOI: 10.1111/j.1432-1033.1992.tb17317.x

PubMed ID: 8288622

Title: Structure of the L-histidine decarboxylase gene.

PubMed ID: 8288622

DOI: 10.1016/s0021-9258(17)42292-7

PubMed ID: 16572171

Title: Analysis of the DNA sequence and duplication history of human chromosome 15.

PubMed ID: 16572171

DOI: 10.1038/nature04601

PubMed ID: 15489334

Title: The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC).

PubMed ID: 15489334

DOI: 10.1101/gr.2596504

PubMed ID: 22767596

Title: Structural study reveals that Ser-354 determines substrate specificity on human histidine decarboxylase.

PubMed ID: 22767596

DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m112.381897

PubMed ID: 16959974

Title: The consensus coding sequences of human breast and colorectal cancers.

PubMed ID: 16959974

DOI: 10.1126/science.1133427

Sequence Information:

  • Length: 662
  • Mass: 74141
  • Checksum: D7611CFAAD60F469
  • Sequence:
    • MMEPEEYRER GREMVDYICQ YLSTVRERRV TPDVQPGYLR AQLPESAPED PDSWDSIFGD 
IERIIMPGVV HWQSPHMHAY YPALTSWPSL LGDMLADAIN CLGFTWASSP ACTELEMNVM 
DWLAKMLGLP EHFLHHHPSS QGGGVLQSTV SESTLIALLA ARKNKILEMK TSEPDADESC 
LNARLVAYAS DQAHSSVEKA GLISLVKMKF LPVDDNFSLR GEALQKAIEE DKQRGLVPVF 
VCATLGTTGV CAFDCLSELG PICAREGLWL HIDAAYAGTA FLCPEFRGFL KGIEYADSFT 
FNPSKWMMVH FDCTGFWVKD KYKLQQTFSV NPIYLRHANS GVATDFMHWQ IPLSRRFRSV 
KLWFVIRSFG VKNLQAHVRH GTEMAKYFES LVRNDPSFEI PAKRHLGLVV FRLKGPNCLT 
ENVLKEIAKA GRLFLIPATI QDKLIIRFTV TSQFTTRDDI LRDWNLIRDA ATLILSQHCT 
SQPSPRVGNL ISQIRGARAW ACGTSLQSVS GAGDDPVQAR KIIKQPQRVG AGPMKRENGL 
HLETLLDPVD DCFSEEAPDA TKHKLSSFLF SYLSVQTKKK TVRSLSCNSV PVSAQKPLPT 
EASVKNGGSS RVRIFSRFPE DMMMLKKSAF KKLIKFYSVP SFPECSSQCG LQLPCCPLQA 
MV

Database document:

This is a preview of the gene's schema. Only a few entries are kept for 'singleCellExpressions,' 'mRNAExpressions,' and other large data arrays for visualization purposes. You can zoom in with the mouse wheel for a closer view, and the text will adjust automatically if necessary. For the full schema, download it here.