Details for: INSR

Gene ID: 3643

Symbol: INSR

Ensembl ID: ENSG00000171105

Description: insulin receptor

Associated with

Cells (max top 100)

(Marker Score score is uniquely calculated using our advanced thresholding algorithms to reveal cell-specific gene markers)

  • Cell Name: cortical cell of adrenal gland (CL0002097)
    Fold Change: 6.6
    Marker Score: 117174
  • Cell Name: anterior lens cell (CL0002223)
    Fold Change: 4.06
    Marker Score: 5462
  • Cell Name: hepatoblast (CL0005026)
    Fold Change: 4.04
    Marker Score: 13244
  • Cell Name: lens epithelial cell (CL0002224)
    Fold Change: 3.48
    Marker Score: 4210
  • Cell Name: regular ventricular cardiac myocyte (CL0002131)
    Fold Change: 3.47
    Marker Score: 77434
  • Cell Name: epithelial cell of prostate (CL0002231)
    Fold Change: 3.25
    Marker Score: 2254
  • Cell Name: lung goblet cell (CL1000143)
    Fold Change: 2.81
    Marker Score: 809
  • Cell Name: skeletal muscle fibroblast (CL0011027)
    Fold Change: 2.74
    Marker Score: 1801
  • Cell Name: secondary lens fiber (CL0002225)
    Fold Change: 2.72
    Marker Score: 1593
  • Cell Name: pigmented epithelial cell (CL0000529)
    Fold Change: 2.69
    Marker Score: 11253
  • Cell Name: basal epithelial cell of prostatic duct (CL0002236)
    Fold Change: 2.69
    Marker Score: 2384
  • Cell Name: skeletal muscle fiber (CL0008002)
    Fold Change: 2.67
    Marker Score: 6680
  • Cell Name: kidney interstitial fibroblast (CL1000692)
    Fold Change: 2.6
    Marker Score: 4998.5
  • Cell Name: cerebral cortex endothelial cell (CL1001602)
    Fold Change: 2.49
    Marker Score: 1486
  • Cell Name: lamp5 GABAergic cortical interneuron (CL4023011)
    Fold Change: 2.48
    Marker Score: 37135
  • Cell Name: contractile cell (CL0000183)
    Fold Change: 2.47
    Marker Score: 1336
  • Cell Name: fat cell (CL0000136)
    Fold Change: 2.46
    Marker Score: 1374
  • Cell Name: vascular leptomeningeal cell (CL4023051)
    Fold Change: 2.45
    Marker Score: 2815
  • Cell Name: non-pigmented ciliary epithelial cell (CL0002304)
    Fold Change: 2.42
    Marker Score: 708
  • Cell Name: sncg GABAergic cortical interneuron (CL4023015)
    Fold Change: 2.42
    Marker Score: 18530.5
  • Cell Name: sst GABAergic cortical interneuron (CL4023017)
    Fold Change: 2.39
    Marker Score: 47499.5
  • Cell Name: cardiac neuron (CL0010022)
    Fold Change: 2.37
    Marker Score: 2956
  • Cell Name: epithelial cell of proximal tubule (CL0002306)
    Fold Change: 2.37
    Marker Score: 8403
  • Cell Name: subcutaneous fat cell (CL0002521)
    Fold Change: 2.34
    Marker Score: 857
  • Cell Name: inhibitory interneuron (CL0000498)
    Fold Change: 2.34
    Marker Score: 10803
  • Cell Name: vip GABAergic cortical interneuron (CL4023016)
    Fold Change: 2.32
    Marker Score: 88267
  • Cell Name: endothelial cell of pericentral hepatic sinusoid (CL0019022)
    Fold Change: 2.28
    Marker Score: 2437
  • Cell Name: corneal endothelial cell (CL0000132)
    Fold Change: 2.27
    Marker Score: 1322
  • Cell Name: pvalb GABAergic cortical interneuron (CL4023018)
    Fold Change: 2.24
    Marker Score: 82545
  • Cell Name: renal principal cell (CL0005009)
    Fold Change: 2.23
    Marker Score: 1721
  • Cell Name: taste receptor cell (CL0000209)
    Fold Change: 2.19
    Marker Score: 1893
  • Cell Name: smooth muscle cell of sphincter of pupil (CL0002243)
    Fold Change: 2.19
    Marker Score: 692
  • Cell Name: pancreatic acinar cell (CL0002064)
    Fold Change: 2.16
    Marker Score: 4568
  • Cell Name: renal alpha-intercalated cell (CL0005011)
    Fold Change: 2.16
    Marker Score: 1136
  • Cell Name: ciliary muscle cell (CL1000443)
    Fold Change: 2.16
    Marker Score: 4733
  • Cell Name: chandelier pvalb GABAergic cortical interneuron (CL4023036)
    Fold Change: 2.15
    Marker Score: 8917.5
  • Cell Name: skin fibroblast (CL0002620)
    Fold Change: 2.14
    Marker Score: 555
  • Cell Name: Purkinje cell (CL0000121)
    Fold Change: 2.13
    Marker Score: 72059.5
  • Cell Name: caudal ganglionic eminence derived GABAergic cortical interneuron (CL4023070)
    Fold Change: 2.12
    Marker Score: 8212
  • Cell Name: renal interstitial pericyte (CL1001318)
    Fold Change: 2.1
    Marker Score: 2003
  • Cell Name: astrocyte of the cerebral cortex (CL0002605)
    Fold Change: 2.1
    Marker Score: 44822.5
  • Cell Name: respiratory goblet cell (CL0002370)
    Fold Change: 2.07
    Marker Score: 598
  • Cell Name: regular atrial cardiac myocyte (CL0002129)
    Fold Change: 2.04
    Marker Score: 7249
  • Cell Name: near-projecting glutamatergic cortical neuron (CL4023012)
    Fold Change: 2.01
    Marker Score: 18942
  • Cell Name: endocrine cell (CL0000163)
    Fold Change: 1.94
    Marker Score: 1004
  • Cell Name: L2/3-6 intratelencephalic projecting glutamatergic neuron (CL4023040)
    Fold Change: 1.93
    Marker Score: 118777
  • Cell Name: kidney capillary endothelial cell (CL1000892)
    Fold Change: 1.92
    Marker Score: 600
  • Cell Name: oligodendrocyte (CL0000128)
    Fold Change: 1.91
    Marker Score: 4571
  • Cell Name: early pro-B cell (CL0002046)
    Fold Change: 1.91
    Marker Score: 19311
  • Cell Name: periportal region hepatocyte (CL0019026)
    Fold Change: 1.89
    Marker Score: 10185
  • Cell Name: decidual cell (CL2000002)
    Fold Change: 1.89
    Marker Score: 8163
  • Cell Name: OFF retinal ganglion cell (CL4023033)
    Fold Change: 1.88
    Marker Score: 789
  • Cell Name: acinar cell (CL0000622)
    Fold Change: 1.87
    Marker Score: 1320
  • Cell Name: endothelial cell of uterus (CL0009095)
    Fold Change: 1.87
    Marker Score: 3734
  • Cell Name: endothelial cell of periportal hepatic sinusoid (CL0019021)
    Fold Change: 1.82
    Marker Score: 501.5
  • Cell Name: acinar cell of salivary gland (CL0002623)
    Fold Change: 1.81
    Marker Score: 4134
  • Cell Name: corticothalamic-projecting glutamatergic cortical neuron (CL4023013)
    Fold Change: 1.79
    Marker Score: 17046
  • Cell Name: centrilobular region hepatocyte (CL0019029)
    Fold Change: 1.76
    Marker Score: 11331
  • Cell Name: double negative thymocyte (CL0002489)
    Fold Change: 1.76
    Marker Score: 2422
  • Cell Name: conjunctival epithelial cell (CL1000432)
    Fold Change: 1.74
    Marker Score: 1835
  • Cell Name: L6b glutamatergic cortical neuron (CL4023038)
    Fold Change: 1.74
    Marker Score: 14942
  • Cell Name: dopaminergic neuron (CL0000700)
    Fold Change: 1.73
    Marker Score: 17882
  • Cell Name: glandular cell of esophagus (CL0002657)
    Fold Change: 1.72
    Marker Score: 546.5
  • Cell Name: secretory cell (CL0000151)
    Fold Change: 1.72
    Marker Score: 3143
  • Cell Name: tracheobronchial goblet cell (CL0019003)
    Fold Change: 1.72
    Marker Score: 471
  • Cell Name: epithelial cell of lower respiratory tract (CL0002632)
    Fold Change: 1.71
    Marker Score: 7149
  • Cell Name: neuron (CL0000540)
    Fold Change: 1.71
    Marker Score: 6970
  • Cell Name: midzonal region hepatocyte (CL0019028)
    Fold Change: 1.69
    Marker Score: 7312
  • Cell Name: alveolar type 2 fibroblast cell (CL4028006)
    Fold Change: 1.68
    Marker Score: 936
  • Cell Name: cholangiocyte (CL1000488)
    Fold Change: 1.67
    Marker Score: 625
  • Cell Name: kidney proximal straight tubule epithelial cell (CL1000839)
    Fold Change: 1.67
    Marker Score: 3923
  • Cell Name: chromaffin cell (CL0000166)
    Fold Change: 1.66
    Marker Score: 2333
  • Cell Name: bladder urothelial cell (CL1001428)
    Fold Change: 1.64
    Marker Score: 2422
  • Cell Name: kidney loop of Henle thick ascending limb epithelial cell (CL1001106)
    Fold Change: 1.63
    Marker Score: 4379
  • Cell Name: immature innate lymphoid cell (CL0001082)
    Fold Change: 1.63
    Marker Score: 3320
  • Cell Name: podocyte (CL0000653)
    Fold Change: 1.63
    Marker Score: 603
  • Cell Name: smooth muscle cell of prostate (CL1000487)
    Fold Change: 1.63
    Marker Score: 414.5
  • Cell Name: kidney loop of Henle thin descending limb epithelial cell (CL1001111)
    Fold Change: 1.63
    Marker Score: 1755
  • Cell Name: endothelial cell of vascular tree (CL0002139)
    Fold Change: 1.61
    Marker Score: 2346
  • Cell Name: type G enteroendocrine cell (CL0000508)
    Fold Change: 1.61
    Marker Score: 556
  • Cell Name: leptomeningeal cell (CL0000708)
    Fold Change: 1.61
    Marker Score: 794
  • Cell Name: A2 amacrine cell (CL0004219)
    Fold Change: 1.6
    Marker Score: 508
  • Cell Name: corneal epithelial cell (CL0000575)
    Fold Change: 1.59
    Marker Score: 1756
  • Cell Name: prostate gland microvascular endothelial cell (CL2000059)
    Fold Change: 1.58
    Marker Score: 614
  • Cell Name: basal cell of epidermis (CL0002187)
    Fold Change: 1.58
    Marker Score: 689
  • Cell Name: ON retinal ganglion cell (CL4023032)
    Fold Change: 1.57
    Marker Score: 430
  • Cell Name: club cell (CL0000158)
    Fold Change: 1.57
    Marker Score: 1832
  • Cell Name: kidney distal convoluted tubule epithelial cell (CL1000849)
    Fold Change: 1.55
    Marker Score: 1646
  • Cell Name: skeletal muscle satellite stem cell (CL0008011)
    Fold Change: 1.54
    Marker Score: 1648
  • Cell Name: L5 extratelencephalic projecting glutamatergic cortical neuron (CL4023041)
    Fold Change: 1.54
    Marker Score: 2380
  • Cell Name: mucus secreting cell (CL0000319)
    Fold Change: 1.54
    Marker Score: 392
  • Cell Name: duct epithelial cell (CL0000068)
    Fold Change: 1.53
    Marker Score: 715
  • Cell Name: mature astrocyte (CL0002627)
    Fold Change: 1.51
    Marker Score: 995.5
  • Cell Name: epicardial adipocyte (CL1000309)
    Fold Change: 1.51
    Marker Score: 734
  • Cell Name: type EC enteroendocrine cell (CL0000577)
    Fold Change: 1.5
    Marker Score: 1410
  • Cell Name: mononuclear cell (CL0000842)
    Fold Change: 1.49
    Marker Score: 480
  • Cell Name: luminal cell of prostate epithelium (CL0002340)
    Fold Change: 1.45
    Marker Score: 847
  • Cell Name: pancreatic ductal cell (CL0002079)
    Fold Change: 1.44
    Marker Score: 1496
  • Cell Name: endothelial cell (CL0000115)
    Fold Change: 1.43
    Marker Score: 1285
  • Cell Name: kidney collecting duct principal cell (CL1001431)
    Fold Change: 1.43
    Marker Score: 3611

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Other Information

**Key characteristics:** * The INSR is a single-pass membrane protein with a molecular weight of approximately 125 kDa. * It is a type I transmembrane receptor, meaning it has a single extracellular domain and a single transmembrane domain. * The INSR is a key regulator of blood sugar levels, and its activity is tightly controlled by various hormones and signaling pathways. **Pathways and functions:** * The INSR is a key receptor for insulin, a hormone produced by the pancreas that lowers blood sugar levels. * Insulin binding to the INSR triggers a cascade of intracellular events that lead to the activation of the insulin signaling pathway. * The insulin signaling pathway is responsible for regulating various physiological processes, including glucose metabolism, cell growth, and differentiation. **Clinical significance:** * Mutations in the INSR gene have been linked to several human diseases, including type 1 diabetes, type 2 diabetes, and obesity. * In type 1 diabetes, the immune system mistakenly attacks and destroys the insulin-producing cells in the pancreas, leading to high blood sugar levels. * In type 2 diabetes, the body's cells become resistant to the effects of insulin, leading to high blood sugar levels. **Additional points:** * The INSR is a highly regulated protein, and its activity is tightly controlled by various hormones, including glucagon, epinephrine, and growth hormone. * The INSR is also a key regulator of inflammation and immune responses. * The INSR is a promising target for the treatment of type 1 and type 2 diabetes.

Genular Protein ID: 55734010

Symbol: INSR_HUMAN

Name: Insulin receptor

UniProtKB Accession Codes:

P06213 Q17RW0 Q59H98 Q9UCB7 Q9UCB8 Q9UCB9

Database IDs:

ABCD 1 AGR 1 AlphaFoldDB 1 Antibodypedia 1 BMRB 1 BRENDA 1 Bgee 1 BindingDB 1 BioGRID 1 BioGRID-ORCS 1 BioMuta 1 CCDS 2 CDD 3 CORUM 1 CPTAC 4 CTD 1 ChEBI 10 ChEMBL 1 ChiTaRS 1 DIP 1 DMDM 1 DNASU 1 DisGeNET 1 DrugBank 24 DrugCentral 1 EC 2 ELM 1 EMBL 38 EMDB 30 EPD 1 Ensembl 2 EvolutionaryTrace 1 ExpressionAtlas 1 GO 76 Gene3D 3 GeneCards 1 GeneReviews 1 GeneTree 1 GeneWiki 1 Genevisible 1 GenomeRNAi 1 GlyConnect 1 GlyCosmos 1 GlyGen 1 GuidetoPHARMACOLOGY 1 HGNC 1 HOGENOM 1 HPA 1 InParanoid 1 IntAct 1 InterPro 17 KEGG 1 MANE-Select 1 MIM 11 MINT 1 MalaCards 1 MassIVE 1 MaxQB 1 NCBI Taxonomy 1 OMA 1 OpenTargets 1 Orphanet 4 OrthoDB 1 PANTHER 2 PDB 79 PDBsum 61 PIR 1 PIRSF 1 PRINTS 1 PRO 1 PathwayCommons 1 PaxDb 1 PeptideAtlas 1 Pfam 5 PharmGKB 1 Pharos 1 PhosphoSitePlus 1 PhylomeDB 1 Proteomes 1 ProteomicsDB 2 Pumba 1 RNAct 1 Reactome 6 RefSeq 2 Rhea 3 SABIO-RK 1 SASBDB 1 SIGNOR 1 SMART 3 SMR 1 STRING 1 SignaLink 1 SwissPalm 1 TreeFam 1 UCSC 1 VEuPathDB 1 eggNOG 1 iPTMnet 1 jPOST 1 neXtProt 1

Citations:

PubMed ID: 2859121

Title: The human insulin receptor cDNA: the structural basis for hormone-activated transmembrane signalling.

PubMed ID: 2859121

DOI: 10.1016/0092-8674(85)90334-4

PubMed ID: 2983222

Title: Human insulin receptor and its relationship to the tyrosine kinase family of oncogenes.

PubMed ID: 2983222

DOI: 10.1038/313756a0

PubMed ID: 2210055

Title: Human insulin-receptor gene. Partial sequence and amplification of exons by polymerase chain reaction.

PubMed ID: 2210055

DOI: 10.2337/diacare.39.1.123

PubMed ID: 15057824

Title: The DNA sequence and biology of human chromosome 19.

PubMed ID: 15057824

DOI: 10.1038/nature02399

PubMed ID: 15489334

Title: The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC).

PubMed ID: 15489334

DOI: 10.1101/gr.2596504

PubMed ID: 3680248

Title: Characterization of the promoter region of the human insulin receptor gene. Evidence for promoter activity.

PubMed ID: 3680248

DOI: 10.1016/s0021-9258(18)47714-9

PubMed ID: 2806055

Title: Characterization of the promoter region of the human insulin receptor gene.

PubMed ID: 2806055

DOI: 10.1016/0168-8227(89)90085-5

PubMed ID: 2777789

Title: Characterization of the promoter region and 3' end of the human insulin receptor gene.

PubMed ID: 2777789

DOI: 10.1016/s0021-9258(18)71612-8

PubMed ID: 2280779

Title: Structural and functional analysis of the insulin receptor promoter.

PubMed ID: 2280779

DOI: 10.1210/mend-4-4-647

PubMed ID: 2211730

Title: Substructural analysis of the insulin receptor by microsequence analyses of limited tryptic fragments isolated by sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis in the absence or presence of dithiothreitol.

PubMed ID: 2211730

DOI: 10.1016/s0021-9258(17)44805-8

PubMed ID: 8257688

Title: Characterization of human placental insulin-like growth factor-I/insulin hybrid receptors by protein microsequencing and purification.

PubMed ID: 8257688

DOI: 10.1021/bi00212a019

PubMed ID: 2538124

Title: Alternative splicing of human insulin receptor messenger RNA.

PubMed ID: 2538124

DOI: 10.1016/0006-291x(89)92439-x

PubMed ID: 2369896

Title: Functionally distinct insulin receptors generated by tissue-specific alternative splicing.

PubMed ID: 2369896

DOI: 10.1002/j.1460-2075.1990.tb07416.x

PubMed ID: 2566545

Title: Molecular and clinical characterization of an insertional polymorphism of the insulin-receptor gene.

PubMed ID: 2566545

DOI: 10.2337/diab.38.6.737

PubMed ID: 3166375

Title: Studies on the autophosphorylation of the insulin receptor from human placenta. Analysis of the sites phosphorylated by two-dimensional peptide mapping.

PubMed ID: 3166375

DOI: 10.1042/bj2520607

PubMed ID: 2544997

Title: Human diabetes associated with a deletion of the tyrosine kinase domain of the insulin receptor.

PubMed ID: 2544997

DOI: 10.1126/science.2544997

PubMed ID: 3447155

Title: Partial amino acid sequence analyses of human placental insulin receptor.

PubMed ID: 3447155

PubMed ID: 3101064

Title: Replacement of lysine residue 1030 in the putative ATP-binding region of the insulin receptor abolishes insulin- and antibody-stimulated glucose uptake and receptor kinase activity.

PubMed ID: 3101064

DOI: 10.1073/pnas.84.3.704

PubMed ID: 2842060

Title: Mutation of the insulin receptor at tyrosine 960 inhibits signal transmission but does not affect its tyrosine kinase activity.

PubMed ID: 2842060

DOI: 10.1016/s0092-8674(88)80008-4

PubMed ID: 1321605

Title: Analysis of the order of autophosphorylation of human insulin receptor tyrosines 1158, 1162 and 1163.

PubMed ID: 1321605

DOI: 10.1016/s0006-291x(05)80799-5

PubMed ID: 1472036

Title: Identification of a disulfide bridge connecting the alpha-subunits of the extracellular domain of the insulin receptor.

PubMed ID: 1472036

DOI: 10.1016/0006-291x(92)92250-2

PubMed ID: 8452530

Title: Purified hybrid insulin/insulin-like growth factor-I receptors bind insulin-like growth factor-I, but not insulin, with high affinity.

PubMed ID: 8452530

DOI: 10.1042/bj2900419

PubMed ID: 8276809

Title: Direct activation of the phosphatidylinositol 3'-kinase by the insulin receptor.

PubMed ID: 8276809

DOI: 10.1016/s0021-9258(17)42304-0

PubMed ID: 7559478

Title: Distinct modes of interaction of SHC and insulin receptor substrate-1 with the insulin receptor NPEY region via non-SH2 domains.

PubMed ID: 7559478

DOI: 10.1074/jbc.270.40.23258

PubMed ID: 7537849

Title: Phosphotyrosine-dependent interaction of SHC and insulin receptor substrate 1 with the NPEY motif of the insulin receptor via a novel non-SH2 domain.

PubMed ID: 7537849

DOI: 10.1128/mcb.15.5.2500

PubMed ID: 9355755

Title: Insulin receptor/IGF-I receptor hybrids are widely distributed in mammalian tissues: quantification of individual receptor species by selective immunoprecipitation and immunoblotting.

PubMed ID: 9355755

DOI: 10.1042/bj3270209

PubMed ID: 9428692

Title: Identification of Stat 5B as a substrate of the insulin receptor.

PubMed ID: 9428692

DOI: 10.1111/j.1432-1033.1997.0411a.x

PubMed ID: 8995282

Title: Functional association between the insulin receptor and the transmembrane protein-tyrosine phosphatase LAR in intact cells.

PubMed ID: 8995282

DOI: 10.1074/jbc.272.11.7519

PubMed ID: 8999839

Title: Protein-tyrosine phosphatase 1B complexes with the insulin receptor in vivo and is tyrosine-phosphorylated in the presence of insulin.

PubMed ID: 8999839

DOI: 10.1074/jbc.272.3.1639

PubMed ID: 9202395

Title: Distribution of insulin/insulin-like growth factor-I hybrid receptors in human tissues.

PubMed ID: 9202395

DOI: 10.1016/s0303-7207(97)04050-1

PubMed ID: 10207053

Title: Insulin receptor isoform A, a newly recognized, high-affinity insulin-like growth factor II receptor in fetal and cancer cells.

PubMed ID: 10207053

DOI: 10.1128/mcb.19.5.3278

PubMed ID: 10615944

Title: Membrane glycoprotein PC-1 inhibition of insulin receptor function occurs via direct interaction with the receptor alpha-subunit.

PubMed ID: 10615944

DOI: 10.2337/diabetes.49.1.13

PubMed ID: 10734133

Title: Identification of tyrosine phosphatases that dephosphorylate the insulin receptor. A brute force approach based on 'substrate-trapping' mutants.

PubMed ID: 10734133

DOI: 10.1074/jbc.275.13.9792

PubMed ID: 10803466

Title: Evidence for an interaction between the insulin receptor and Grb7. A role for two of its binding domains, PIR and SH2.

PubMed ID: 10803466

DOI: 10.1038/sj.onc.1203469

PubMed ID: 11374898

Title: Cloning, mapping, and characterization of the human sorbin and SH3 domain containing 1 (SORBS1) gene: a protein associated with c-Abl during insulin signaling in the hepatoma cell line Hep3B.

PubMed ID: 11374898

DOI: 10.1006/geno.2001.6541

PubMed ID: 11598120

Title: Multiple activation loop conformations and their regulatory properties in the insulin receptor's kinase domain.

PubMed ID: 11598120

DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m107236200

PubMed ID: 11726652

Title: Inhibition of insulin receptor catalytic activity by the molecular adapter Grb14.

PubMed ID: 11726652

DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m106574200

PubMed ID: 12138094

Title: Insulin/insulin-like growth factor I hybrid receptors have different biological characteristics depending on the insulin receptor isoform involved.

PubMed ID: 12138094

DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m202766200

PubMed ID: 12493740

Title: Grb10 inhibits insulin-stimulated insulin receptor substrate (IRS)-phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/Akt signaling pathway by disrupting the association of IRS-1/IRS-2 with the insulin receptor.

PubMed ID: 12493740

DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m208518200

PubMed ID: 12612081

Title: Regulation of insulin receptor signaling by the protein tyrosine phosphatase TCPTP.

PubMed ID: 12612081

DOI: 10.1128/mcb.23.6.2096-2108.2003

PubMed ID: 16127460

Title: Deletion of SOCS7 leads to enhanced insulin action and enlarged islets of Langerhans.

PubMed ID: 16127460

DOI: 10.1172/jci23853

PubMed ID: 16314505

Title: Tyrosine phosphorylation of phosphoinositide-dependent kinase 1 by the insulin receptor is necessary for insulin metabolic signaling.

PubMed ID: 16314505

DOI: 10.1128/mcb.25.24.10803-10814.2005

PubMed ID: 15738637

Title: Receptor-type protein tyrosine phosphatase epsilon (PTPepsilonM) is a negative regulator of insulin signaling in primary hepatocytes and liver.

PubMed ID: 15738637

DOI: 10.2108/zsj.22.169

PubMed ID: 16831875

Title: Hybrid receptors formed by insulin receptor (IR) and insulin-like growth factor I receptor (IGF-IR) have low insulin and high IGF-1 affinity irrespective of the IR splice variant.

PubMed ID: 16831875

DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m605189200

PubMed ID: 16493415

Title: Critical nodes in signalling pathways: insights into insulin action.

PubMed ID: 16493415

DOI: 10.1038/nrm1837

PubMed ID: 17347799

Title: Regulation of insulin receptor function.

PubMed ID: 17347799

DOI: 10.1007/s00018-007-6359-9

PubMed ID: 18669648

Title: A quantitative atlas of mitotic phosphorylation.

PubMed ID: 18669648

DOI: 10.1073/pnas.0805139105

PubMed ID: 19459609

Title: A thermodynamic study of ligand binding to the first three domains of the human insulin receptor: relationship between the receptor alpha-chain C-terminal peptide and the site 1 insulin mimetic peptides.

PubMed ID: 19459609

DOI: 10.1021/bi900261q

PubMed ID: 19159218

Title: Glycoproteomics analysis of human liver tissue by combination of multiple enzyme digestion and hydrazide chemistry.

PubMed ID: 19159218

DOI: 10.1021/pr8008012

PubMed ID: 19369195

Title: Large-scale proteomics analysis of the human kinome.

PubMed ID: 19369195

DOI: 10.1074/mcp.m800588-mcp200

PubMed ID: 19349973

Title: Mass-spectrometric identification and relative quantification of N-linked cell surface glycoproteins.

PubMed ID: 19349973

DOI: 10.1038/nbt.1532

PubMed ID: 21707536

Title: Dock/Nck facilitates PTP61F/PTP1B regulation of insulin signalling.

PubMed ID: 21707536

DOI: 10.1042/bj20110799

PubMed ID: 24275569

Title: An enzyme assisted RP-RPLC approach for in-depth analysis of human liver phosphoproteome.

PubMed ID: 24275569

DOI: 10.1016/j.jprot.2013.11.014

PubMed ID: 25187647

Title: Structural basis for activation of trimeric Gi proteins by multiple growth factor receptors via GIV/Girdin.

PubMed ID: 25187647

DOI: 10.1091/mbc.e14-05-0978

PubMed ID: 27322061

Title: SORLA facilitates insulin receptor signaling in adipocytes and exacerbates obesity.

PubMed ID: 27322061

DOI: 10.1172/jci84708

PubMed ID: 27617429

Title: A minimized human insulin-receptor-binding motif revealed in a Conus geographus venom insulin.

PubMed ID: 27617429

DOI: 10.1038/nsmb.3292

PubMed ID: 7997262

Title: Crystal structure of the tyrosine kinase domain of the human insulin receptor.

PubMed ID: 7997262

DOI: 10.1038/372746a0

PubMed ID: 9312016

Title: Crystal structure of the activated insulin receptor tyrosine kinase in complex with peptide substrate and ATP analog.

PubMed ID: 9312016

DOI: 10.1093/emboj/16.18.5572

PubMed ID: 11124964

Title: Crystallographic and solution studies of an activation loop mutant of the insulin receptor tyrosine kinase: insights into kinase mechanism.

PubMed ID: 11124964

DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m010161200

PubMed ID: 12707268

Title: Structural and biochemical evidence for an autoinhibitory role for tyrosine 984 in the juxtamembrane region of the insulin receptor.

PubMed ID: 12707268

DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m302425200

PubMed ID: 14690593

Title: Structural basis for recruitment of the adaptor protein APS to the activated insulin receptor.

PubMed ID: 14690593

DOI: 10.1016/s1097-2765(03)00487-8

PubMed ID: 16246733

Title: Structural basis for inhibition of the insulin receptor by the adaptor protein Grb14.

PubMed ID: 16246733

DOI: 10.1016/j.molcel.2005.09.001

PubMed ID: 16271887

Title: Crystal structure of a complex between protein tyrosine phosphatase 1B and the insulin receptor tyrosine kinase.

PubMed ID: 16271887

DOI: 10.1016/j.str.2005.07.019

PubMed ID: 16957736

Title: Structure of the insulin receptor ectodomain reveals a folded-over conformation.

PubMed ID: 16957736

DOI: 10.1038/nature05106

PubMed ID: 16894147

Title: The first three domains of the insulin receptor differ structurally from the insulin-like growth factor 1 receptor in the regions governing ligand specificity.

PubMed ID: 16894147

DOI: 10.1073/pnas.0605395103

PubMed ID: 18278056

Title: Structural and biochemical characterization of the KRLB region in insulin receptor substrate-2.

PubMed ID: 18278056

DOI: 10.1038/nsmb.1388

PubMed ID: 18767165

Title: Identification of a key element for hydrogen-bonding patterns between protein kinases and their inhibitors.

PubMed ID: 18767165

DOI: 10.1002/prot.22207

PubMed ID: 19071018

Title: Optimization of 4,6-bis-anilino-1H-pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidine IGF-1R tyrosine kinase inhibitors towards JNK selectivity.

PubMed ID: 19071018

DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2008.11.077

PubMed ID: 19056263

Title: Discovery of 4,6-bis-anilino-1H-pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidines: potent inhibitors of the IGF-1R receptor tyrosine kinase.

PubMed ID: 19056263

DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2008.11.046

PubMed ID: 19394223

Title: Discovery of 3,5-disubstituted-1H-pyrrolo[2,3-b]pyridines as potent inhibitors of the insulin-like growth factor-1 receptor (IGF-1R) tyrosine kinase.

PubMed ID: 19394223

DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2008.12.110

PubMed ID: 20348418

Title: Structural resolution of a tandem hormone-binding element in the insulin receptor and its implications for design of peptide agonists.

PubMed ID: 20348418

DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1001813107

PubMed ID: 23302862

Title: How insulin engages its primary binding site on the insulin receptor.

PubMed ID: 23302862

DOI: 10.1038/nature11781

PubMed ID: 3283938

Title: Insulin-resistant diabetes due to a point mutation that prevents insulin proreceptor processing.

PubMed ID: 3283938

DOI: 10.1126/science.3283938

PubMed ID: 2834824

Title: Two mutant alleles of the insulin receptor gene in a patient with extreme insulin resistance.

PubMed ID: 2834824

DOI: 10.1126/science.2834824

PubMed ID: 2479553

Title: A leucine-to-proline mutation in the insulin receptor in a family with insulin resistance.

PubMed ID: 2479553

DOI: 10.1002/j.1460-2075.1989.tb08387.x

PubMed ID: 2544998

Title: Human diabetes associated with a mutation in the tyrosine kinase domain of the insulin receptor.

PubMed ID: 2544998

DOI: 10.1126/science.2544998

PubMed ID: 2168397

Title: A naturally occurring mutation of insulin receptor alanine 1134 impairs tyrosine kinase function and is associated with dominantly inherited insulin resistance.

PubMed ID: 2168397

DOI: 10.1016/s0021-9258(18)77212-8

PubMed ID: 2121734

Title: Substitution of lysine for asparagine at position 15 in the alpha-subunit of the human insulin receptor. A mutation that impairs transport of receptors to the cell surface and decreases the affinity of insulin binding.

PubMed ID: 2121734

DOI: 10.1016/s0021-9258(17)30636-1

PubMed ID: 2365819

Title: Five mutant alleles of the insulin receptor gene in patients with genetic forms of insulin resistance.

PubMed ID: 2365819

DOI: 10.1172/jci114693

PubMed ID: 1963473

Title: Functional properties of a naturally occurring Trp1200-->Ser1200 mutation of the insulin receptor.

PubMed ID: 1963473

DOI: 10.1210/mend-4-8-1183

PubMed ID: 2040394

Title: Detection of mutations in insulin-receptor gene in NIDDM patients by analysis of single-stranded conformation polymorphisms.

PubMed ID: 2040394

DOI: 10.2337/diab.40.6.777

PubMed ID: 2002058

Title: Insulin resistance and diabetes due to different mutations in the tyrosine kinase domain of both insulin receptor gene alleles.

PubMed ID: 2002058

DOI: 10.1016/s0021-9258(19)67781-1

PubMed ID: 1890161

Title: A mutation in the tyrosine kinase domain of the insulin receptor associated with insulin resistance in an obese woman.

PubMed ID: 1890161

DOI: 10.1210/jcem-73-4-894

PubMed ID: 1607067

Title: Detection of mutations in insulin receptor gene by denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis.

PubMed ID: 1607067

DOI: 10.2337/diab.41.4.408

PubMed ID: 1607076

Title: NIDDM associated with mutation in tyrosine kinase domain of insulin receptor gene.

PubMed ID: 1607076

DOI: 10.2337/diab.41.4.521

PubMed ID: 1563582

Title: Detection of mutations in the insulin receptor gene in patients with insulin resistance by analysis of single-stranded conformational polymorphisms.

PubMed ID: 1563582

DOI: 10.1007/bf00400927

PubMed ID: 1730625

Title: An Arg for Gly substitution at position 31 in the insulin receptor, linked to insulin resistance, inhibits receptor processing and transport.

PubMed ID: 1730625

DOI: 10.1016/s0021-9258(18)48459-1

PubMed ID: 1470163

Title: Insulin receptor Arg1131-->Gln: a novel mutation in the catalytic loop of insulin receptor observed in insulin resistant diabetes.

PubMed ID: 1470163

PubMed ID: 8432414

Title: Methionine for valine substitution in exon 17 of the insulin receptor gene in a pedigree with familial NIDDM.

PubMed ID: 8432414

DOI: 10.2337/diab.42.3.429

PubMed ID: 8243830

Title: Ala1048-->Asp mutation in the kinase domain of insulin receptor causes defective kinase activity and insulin resistance.

PubMed ID: 8243830

DOI: 10.2337/diab.42.12.1837

PubMed ID: 8458533

Title: Patients with lipodystrophic diabetes mellitus of the Seip-Berardinelli type, express normal insulin receptors.

PubMed ID: 8458533

DOI: 10.1007/bf00400701

PubMed ID: 8390949

Title: A mutation (Trp1193-->Leu1193) in the tyrosine kinase domain of the insulin receptor associated with type A syndrome of insulin resistance.

PubMed ID: 8390949

DOI: 10.1007/bf00402277

PubMed ID: 8242067

Title: Substitution of Leu for Pro-193 in the insulin receptor in a patient with a genetic form of severe insulin resistance.

PubMed ID: 8242067

DOI: 10.1093/hmg/2.9.1437

PubMed ID: 8096518

Title: Substitution of glutamic acid for alanine 1135 in the putative 'catalytic loop' of the tyrosine kinase domain of the human insulin receptor. A mutation that impairs proteolytic processing into subunits and inhibits receptor tyrosine kinase activity.

PubMed ID: 8096518

DOI: 10.1016/s0021-9258(18)53063-5

PubMed ID: 8388389

Title: Antibodies to the extracellular receptor domain restore the hormone-insensitive kinase and conformation of the mutant insulin receptor valine 382.

PubMed ID: 8388389

DOI: 10.1016/s0021-9258(18)82120-2

PubMed ID: 8326490

Title: A syndrome of insulin resistance resembling leprechaunism in five sibs of consanguineous parents.

PubMed ID: 8326490

DOI: 10.1136/jmg.30.6.470

PubMed ID: 8419945

Title: Activation of glucose transport by a natural mutation in the human insulin receptor.

PubMed ID: 8419945

DOI: 10.1073/pnas.90.1.60

PubMed ID: 8288049

Title: Prevalence of mutations in the insulin receptor gene in subjects with features of the type A syndrome of insulin resistance.

PubMed ID: 8288049

DOI: 10.2337/diab.43.2.247

PubMed ID: 8314008

Title: Molecular scanning of the insulin receptor gene in syndromes of insulin resistance.

PubMed ID: 8314008

DOI: 10.2337/diab.43.3.357

PubMed ID: 8082780

Title: Functional properties of a heterozygous mutation (Arg1174-->Gln) in the tyrosine kinase domain of the insulin receptor from a type A insulin resistant patient.

PubMed ID: 8082780

DOI: 10.1016/0014-5793(94)00876-0

Sequence Information:

  • Length: 1382
  • Mass: 156333
  • Checksum: 709A955660739066
  • Sequence:
    • MATGGRRGAA AAPLLVAVAA LLLGAAGHLY PGEVCPGMDI RNNLTRLHEL ENCSVIEGHL 
QILLMFKTRP EDFRDLSFPK LIMITDYLLL FRVYGLESLK DLFPNLTVIR GSRLFFNYAL 
VIFEMVHLKE LGLYNLMNIT RGSVRIEKNN ELCYLATIDW SRILDSVEDN YIVLNKDDNE 
ECGDICPGTA KGKTNCPATV INGQFVERCW THSHCQKVCP TICKSHGCTA EGLCCHSECL 
GNCSQPDDPT KCVACRNFYL DGRCVETCPP PYYHFQDWRC VNFSFCQDLH HKCKNSRRQG 
CHQYVIHNNK CIPECPSGYT MNSSNLLCTP CLGPCPKVCH LLEGEKTIDS VTSAQELRGC 
TVINGSLIIN IRGGNNLAAE LEANLGLIEE ISGYLKIRRS YALVSLSFFR KLRLIRGETL 
EIGNYSFYAL DNQNLRQLWD WSKHNLTITQ GKLFFHYNPK LCLSEIHKME EVSGTKGRQE 
RNDIALKTNG DQASCENELL KFSYIRTSFD KILLRWEPYW PPDFRDLLGF MLFYKEAPYQ 
NVTEFDGQDA CGSNSWTVVD IDPPLRSNDP KSQNHPGWLM RGLKPWTQYA IFVKTLVTFS 
DERRTYGAKS DIIYVQTDAT NPSVPLDPIS VSNSSSQIIL KWKPPSDPNG NITHYLVFWE 
RQAEDSELFE LDYCLKGLKL PSRTWSPPFE SEDSQKHNQS EYEDSAGECC SCPKTDSQIL 
KELEESSFRK TFEDYLHNVV FVPRKTSSGT GAEDPRPSRK RRSLGDVGNV TVAVPTVAAF 
PNTSSTSVPT SPEEHRPFEK VVNKESLVIS GLRHFTGYRI ELQACNQDTP EERCSVAAYV 
SARTMPEAKA DDIVGPVTHE IFENNVVHLM WQEPKEPNGL IVLYEVSYRR YGDEELHLCV 
SRKHFALERG CRLRGLSPGN YSVRIRATSL AGNGSWTEPT YFYVTDYLDV PSNIAKIIIG 
PLIFVFLFSV VIGSIYLFLR KRQPDGPLGP LYASSNPEYL SASDVFPCSV YVPDEWEVSR 
EKITLLRELG QGSFGMVYEG NARDIIKGEA ETRVAVKTVN ESASLRERIE FLNEASVMKG 
FTCHHVVRLL GVVSKGQPTL VVMELMAHGD LKSYLRSLRP EAENNPGRPP PTLQEMIQMA 
AEIADGMAYL NAKKFVHRDL AARNCMVAHD FTVKIGDFGM TRDIYETDYY RKGGKGLLPV 
RWMAPESLKD GVFTTSSDMW SFGVVLWEIT SLAEQPYQGL SNEQVLKFVM DGGYLDQPDN 
CPERVTDLMR MCWQFNPKMR PTFLEIVNLL KDDLHPSFPE VSFFHSEENK APESEELEME 
FEDMENVPLD RSSHCQREEA GGRDGGSSLG FKRSYEEHIP YTHMNGGKKN GRILTLPRSN 
PS

Database document:

This is a preview of the gene's schema. Only a few entries are kept for 'singleCellExpressions,' 'mRNAExpressions,' and other large data arrays for visualization purposes. For the full schema, download it here.