Details for: OGN

Gene ID: 4969

Gene Type:  Protein-coding  - A gene that serves as a template for producing a messenger RNA (mRNA) molecule, which is then translated into a functional protein.

Symbol: OGN

Ensembl ID: ENSG00000106809

Description: osteoglycin

Selected Context(s):  Overall

Cell Significance Landscape

Contexts:

Associated with

Significant Cells

Cell Significance Index (CSI) scores for the chosen context(s)

  • alveolar type 1 fibroblast cell CL4028004
    CSI 16.9
    rCSI 18.51%
    PRS 99.63
  • enteric smooth muscle cell CL0002504
    CSI 13.32
    rCSI 19.01%
    PRS 99.43
  • keratocyte CL0002363
    CSI 11.31
    rCSI 27.18%
    PRS 99.42
  • mesodermal cell CL0000222
    CSI 10.12
    rCSI 12.15%
    PRS 99.64
  • myofibroblast cell CL0000186
    CSI 9.82
    rCSI 13.6%
    PRS 98.97
  • bronchus fibroblast of lung CL2000093
    CSI 8.54
    rCSI 6.94%
    PRS 99.45
  • skin fibroblast CL0002620
    CSI 8.12
    rCSI 7%
    PRS 99.17
  • alveolar adventitial fibroblast CL4028006
    CSI 7.27
    rCSI 11.48%
    PRS 99.68
  • fibroblast of lung CL0002553
    CSI 7.19
    rCSI 6.69%
    PRS 99.72
  • stromal cell of ovary CL0002132
    CSI 6.8
    rCSI 18.67%
    PRS 99.44
  • stromal cell CL0000499
    CSI 5.99
    rCSI 16.86%
    PRS 98.8
  • interstitial cell of Cajal CL0002088
    CSI 5.74
    rCSI 7.31%
    PRS 99.73
  • mesenchymal cell CL0008019
    CSI 5.46
    rCSI 13.86%
    PRS 99.07
  • ependymal cell CL0000065
    CSI 5.41
    rCSI 10.97%
    PRS 95.49
  • myeloid leukocyte CL0000766
    CSI 5.34
    rCSI 4.93%
    PRS 99.6
  • chondrocyte CL0000138
    CSI 5.05
    rCSI 8.04%
    PRS 98.24
  • adventitial cell CL0002503
    CSI 4.56
    rCSI 10.89%
    PRS 99.89
  • smooth muscle cell CL0000192
    CSI 4.41
    rCSI 10.52%
    PRS 98.7
  • tendon cell CL0000388
    CSI 3.1
    rCSI 8.05%
    PRS 99.73
  • mononuclear phagocyte CL0000113
    CSI 3.01
    rCSI 6.63%
    PRS 99.62
  • vascular leptomeningeal cell CL4023051
    CSI 2.88
    rCSI 5.05%
    PRS 98.48
  • mesenchymal stem cell of adipose tissue CL0002570
    CSI 2.82
    rCSI 15.73%
    PRS 99.8
  • microcirculation associated smooth muscle cell CL0008035
    CSI 2.74
    rCSI 7.94%
    PRS 99.17
  • mesenchymal stem cell CL0000134
    CSI 2.41
    rCSI 26.4%
    PRS 99.57
  • GABAergic neuron CL0000617
    CSI 2.35
    rCSI 7.87%
    PRS 95.47
  • brain vascular cell CL4023072
    CSI 2.26
    rCSI 23.43%
    PRS 97.72
  • glutamatergic neuron CL0000679
    CSI 1.63
    rCSI 3.34%
    PRS 95.63
  • fibroblast of breast CL4006000
    CSI 1.61
    rCSI 6.79%
    PRS 99.66
  • blood vessel smooth muscle cell CL0019018
    CSI 1.02
    rCSI 8.3%
    PRS 99.25
  • mesenchymal lymphangioblast CL0005021
    CSI 0.32
    rCSI 8.41%
    PRS 99.51

Cell ID: Standard Cell Ontology term used for mapping and comparing cells across experiments. Ensures consistency in analyzing cellular functions across tissues.
Fold Change: Represents the ratio of the current Cell Significance Index to the Cell Significance Index Threshold, indicating how much the gene expression has changed compared to a baseline.
Cell Significance Index: Reflects how strongly a gene is expressed in this specific cell.

Cell ID: Standard Cell Ontology term used for mapping and comparing cells across experiments. Ensures consistency in analyzing cellular functions across tissues.
Fold Change: Represents the ratio of the current Cell Significance Index to the Cell Significance Index Threshold, indicating how much the gene expression has changed compared to a baseline.
Cell Significance Index: Reflects how strongly a gene is expressed in this cell type. Calculated using techniques like effect size estimation and bootstrapping for reliability.

Cell ID: Standard Cell Ontology term used for mapping and comparing cells across experiments. Ensures consistency in analyzing cellular functions across tissues.
Fold Change: Represents the ratio of the current Cell Significance Index to the Cell Significance Index Threshold, indicating how much the gene expression has changed compared to a baseline.
Cell Significance Index: Reflects how strongly a gene is expressed in this cell type. Calculated using techniques like effect size estimation and bootstrapping for reliability.
Network Configuration

Explore relationships of the current gene. Select an Interaction Source: 'ONTOLOGY' for shared pathways (GO/Reactome) or 'STRING' for protein-protein interactions. Further refine by selecting context genes and comparing Cell Significance Index (CSI) scores between baseline and target cell types and their specific contexts.

Comma-separated if multiple.
Comma-separated if multiple.
Legend:
  • Query Gene
  • Node Color (Target Cell CSI, relative to current network):
    • Very High
    • High
    • Medium
    • Low
    • Very Low
    • CSI N/A
  • Node Size: Proportional to Target Cell CSI magnitude
  • STRING PPI Edge
  • Shared Pathway Edge (ONTOLOGY)

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Other Information

This section provides additional information about the gene, including a description generated by an AI language model and details about associated proteins.

## Summary Osteoglycin, encoded by the [OGN](/details-gene/4969) gene, is a small leucine-rich proteoglycan that functions as a key structural component of the extracellular matrix (ECM). Initially identified as an osteoinductive factor, it plays a significant role in tissue development and homeostasis, particularly in bone and cartilage formation ([GO:0060348](https://www.ebi.ac.uk/QuickGO/term/GO:0060348), [GO:0061975](https://www.ebi.ac.uk/QuickGO/term/GO:0061975)) [[Link](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/2372374/)]. Expression data indicates that **Overall**, [OGN](/details-gene/4969) is a defining marker for various mesenchymal and stromal cell populations. It is most significantly expressed in [alveolar type 1 fibroblast cells](/details-cell/CL4028004), [enteric smooth muscle cells](/details-cell/CL0002504), and [keratocytes](/details-cell/CL0002363), highlighting its integral role in the structural integrity and function of connective tissues throughout the body. Clinically, it is associated with disorders of glycosaminoglycan metabolism ([OMIM: 602383](https://omim.org/entry/602383)). ## Cellular Roles and Expression Landscape The expression profile of [OGN](/details-gene/4969) strongly establishes its identity as a gene central to mesenchymal cell function and ECM maintenance. **Overall**, the gene shows its highest significance in a variety of fibroblast and stromal cell types. It is a top marker in [alveolar type 1 fibroblast cells](/details-cell/CL4028004) (CSI: 16.90), [myofibroblast cells](/details-cell/CL0000186) (CSI: 9.82), [skin fibroblasts](/details-cell/CL0002620) (CSI: 8.12), and multiple other lung fibroblast populations. This suggests a fundamental role in maintaining the structural architecture of organs like the lung and skin. Beyond fibroblasts, [OGN](/details-gene/4969) is also highly significant in contractile and structural cells, including [enteric smooth muscle cells](/details-cell/CL0002504) (CSI: 13.32) and [keratocytes](/details-cell/CL0002363) (CSI: 11.31), the specialized fibroblasts of the cornea. Its high expression in these diverse cell types, all characterized by the production and organization of ECM, underscores its general function as a key matricellular protein. The consistent high CSI scores in cell types of mesodermal origin, such as [mesodermal cells](/details-cell/CL0000222) and [mesenchymal cells](/details-cell/CL0008019), further support its role in connective tissue development and repair. ## Pathways and Molecular Function Functionally, [OGN](/details-gene/4969) is annotated as an [extracellular matrix structural constituent conferring compression resistance](/details-go/GO:0030021), a role consistent with its high expression in load-bearing and structural tissues. As a proteoglycan, its function is deeply tied to the metabolism of glycosaminoglycans. Reactome pathway analysis places it centrally in [Keratan sulfate biosynthesis](/details-pathway/R-HSA-2022854) and the broader [Glycosaminoglycan metabolism](/details-pathway/R-HSA-1630316) pathway. This biochemical activity is essential for the proper formation and hydration of the ECM, particularly in cartilage and the cornea. The gene product is found within the [collagen-containing extracellular matrix](/details-go/GO:0062023) and is secreted into the [extracellular space](/details-go/GO:0005615), where it can interact with other matrix components. In addition to its structural role, [OGN](/details-gene/4969) is implicated in cell regulation, including the [negative regulation of smooth muscle cell proliferation](/details-go/GO:0048662) and possessing [growth factor activity](/details-go/GO:0008083), suggesting it acts as a signaling molecule that modulates cellular behavior within the tissue microenvironment. Its involvement in multiple [Diseases of glycosylation](/details-pathway/R-HSA-3781865) underscores the clinical importance of its proper function. ## Research Directions The data highlights [OGN](/details-gene/4969) as a crucial protein in ECM-producing cells, suggesting its dysregulation could be a key factor in diseases characterized by altered tissue structure, such as fibrosis or cancer. **Proposed Hypotheses:** 1. Given its high expression in lung fibroblasts and its role in ECM organization, dysregulation of [OGN](/details-gene/4969) in [alveolar type 1 fibroblast cells](/details-cell/CL4028004) may be a critical driver of excessive matrix deposition in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF). 2. Based on its function in negatively regulating smooth muscle proliferation and its high expression in [enteric smooth muscle cells](/details-cell/CL0002504), loss-of-function or reduced expression of [OGN](/details-gene/4969) could contribute to the formation of intestinal strictures in Crohn's disease by permitting unchecked smooth muscle cell growth. **Experimental Approach:** To test the first hypothesis regarding IPF, a murine model of bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis could be employed. Conditional knockout of *Ogn* specifically in fibroblast populations (e.g., using a Col1a1-Cre driver) would be performed. The impact of *Ogn* deletion on fibrosis development would be assessed by comparing knockout and wild-type mice post-bleomycin challenge. Key readouts would include histological analysis of lung tissue with Masson's trichrome staining to quantify collagen deposition, measurement of total lung collagen content via hydroxyproline assay, and single-cell RNA sequencing of lung tissue to determine the specific effects of *Ogn* loss on fibroblast activation states and downstream fibrotic gene programs. **Therapeutic Potential:** As a secreted, extracellular protein, [OGN](/details-gene/4969) is an accessible therapeutic target. In the context of fibrotic diseases where its activity might be pathogenic, it represents a promising candidate for inhibition. A therapeutic strategy could involve the development of a monoclonal antibody that neutralizes OGN's pro-fibrotic activity, thereby reducing pathological ECM accumulation. Conversely, given its osteoinductive properties, recombinant OGN protein or gene therapy approaches to enhance its expression could be explored as regenerative therapies for bone defects or to improve cartilage repair. The specific cellular context would dictate whether inhibition or activation is the desired therapeutic outcome.

Genular Protein ID: 1297566582

Symbol: MIME_HUMAN

Name: Mimecan

UniProtKB Accession Codes:

P20774 Q6FIB0 Q9UF90 Q9UNK5

Database IDs:

AGR 1 AlphaFoldDB 1 Antibodypedia 1 Bgee 1 BioGRID 1 BioGRID-ORCS 1 BioMuta 1 CCDS 1 CTD 1 ChiTaRS 1 DMDM 1 DNASU 1 DisGeNET 1 EMBL 15 Ensembl 4 ExpressionAtlas 1 GO 12 Gene3D 1 GeneCards 1 GeneTree 1 GeneWiki 1 GenomeRNAi 1 GlyConnect 1 GlyCosmos 1 GlyGen 1 HGNC 1 HOGENOM 1 HPA 1 InParanoid 1 IntAct 1 InterPro 4 KEGG 1 MANE-Select 1 MIM 1 MassIVE 1 NCBI Taxonomy 1 OMA 1 OpenTargets 1 OrthoDB 1 PANTHER 2 PIR 1 PRO 1 PROSITE 1 PathwayCommons 1 PaxDb 1 PeptideAtlas 1 Pfam 1 PharmGKB 1 Pharos 1 PhosphoSitePlus 1 PhylomeDB 1 Proteomes 1 ProteomicsDB 1 REPRODUCTION-2DPAGE 1 RNAct 1 Reactome 5 RefSeq 3 SMART 1 SMR 1 STRING 1 SUPFAM 1 SignaLink 1 SwissPalm 1 TreeFam 1 UCSC 1 VEuPathDB 1 eggNOG 1 iPTMnet 1 jPOST 1 neXtProt 1

Citations:

PubMed ID: 2372374

Title: Molecular cloning of a novel bone-forming compound: osteoinductive factor.

PubMed ID: 2372374

DOI: 10.1089/dna.1990.9.303

PubMed ID: 10802664

Title: Mutations in KERA, encoding keratocan, cause cornea plana.

PubMed ID: 10802664

DOI: 10.1038/75664

PubMed ID: 10931946

Title: Gene expression profiling in the human hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal axis and full-length cDNA cloning.

PubMed ID: 10931946

DOI: 10.1073/pnas.160270997

PubMed ID: 11230166

Title: Towards a catalog of human genes and proteins: sequencing and analysis of 500 novel complete protein coding human cDNAs.

PubMed ID: 11230166

DOI: 10.1101/gr.gr1547r

PubMed ID: 15164053

Title: DNA sequence and analysis of human chromosome 9.

PubMed ID: 15164053

DOI: 10.1038/nature02465

PubMed ID: 15489334

Title: The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC).

PubMed ID: 15489334

DOI: 10.1101/gr.2596504

PubMed ID: 10373482

Title: The bovine mimecan gene. Molecular cloning and characterization of two major RNA transcripts generated by alternative use of two splice acceptor sites in the third exon.

PubMed ID: 10373482

DOI: 10.1074/jbc.274.26.18693

PubMed ID: 15340161

Title: Signal peptide prediction based on analysis of experimentally verified cleavage sites.

PubMed ID: 15340161

DOI: 10.1110/ps.04682504

PubMed ID: 17974005

Title: The full-ORF clone resource of the German cDNA consortium.

PubMed ID: 17974005

DOI: 10.1186/1471-2164-8-399

PubMed ID: 19159218

Title: Glycoproteomics analysis of human liver tissue by combination of multiple enzyme digestion and hydrazide chemistry.

PubMed ID: 19159218

DOI: 10.1021/pr8008012

PubMed ID: 19838169

Title: Enrichment of glycopeptides for glycan structure and attachment site identification.

PubMed ID: 19838169

DOI: 10.1038/nmeth.1392

PubMed ID: 24275569

Title: An enzyme assisted RP-RPLC approach for in-depth analysis of human liver phosphoproteome.

PubMed ID: 24275569

DOI: 10.1016/j.jprot.2013.11.014

Sequence Information:

  • Length: 298
  • Mass: 33922
  • Checksum: F4590785C3849F83
  • Sequence:
    • MKTLQSTLLL LLLVPLIKPA PPTQQDSRII YDYGTDNFEE SIFSQDYEDK YLDGKNIKEK 
ETVIIPNEKS LQLQKDEAIT PLPPKKENDE MPTCLLCVCL SGSVYCEEVD IDAVPPLPKE 
SAYLYARFNK IKKLTAKDFA DIPNLRRLDF TGNLIEDIED GTFSKLSLLE ELSLAENQLL 
KLPVLPPKLT LFNAKYNKIK SRGIKANAFK KLNNLTFLYL DHNALESVPL NLPESLRVIH 
LQFNNIASIT DDTFCKANDT SYIRDRIEEI RLEGNPIVLG KHPNSFICLK RLPIGSYF

Genular Protein ID: 2785924531

Symbol: B4DI63_HUMAN

Name: N/A

UniProtKB Accession Codes:

B4DI63

Database IDs:

ARBA 8 AlphaFoldDB 1 BioGRID-ORCS 1 CTD 1 DNASU 1 DisGeNET 1 EMBL 2 GO 6 Gene3D 1 InterPro 4 KEGG 1 NCBI Taxonomy 1 OrthoDB 1 PANTHER 2 PROSITE 1 PeptideAtlas 1 Pfam 1 RefSeq 3 SMART 1 SUPFAM 1

Sequence Information:

  • Length: 356
  • Mass: 40553
  • Checksum: C8D8262AC2BE4DFF
  • Sequence:
    • MLAKISTTWK LFLKLLGPEI LLSSLKSRHS FSHSPSHLGL MHRHEHLLRK TTKNFKTATT 
TLQSTLLLLL LVPLIKPAPP TQQDSRIIYD YGTDNFEESI FSQDYEDKYL DGKNIKEKET 
VIIPNEKSLQ LQKDEAITPL PPKKENDEMP TCLLCVCLSG SVYCEEVDID AVPPLPKESA 
YLYARFNKIK KLTAKDFADI PNLRRLDFTG NLIEDIEDGT FSKLSLLEEL SLAENQLLKL 
PVLPPKLTLF NAKYNKIKSR GIKANAFKKL NNLTFLYLDH NALESVPLNL PESLRVIHLQ 
FNNIASITDD TFCKANDTSY IRDRIEEIRL EGNPIVLGKH PNSFICLKRL PIGSYF

Genular Protein ID: 3881658251

Symbol: Q7Z532_HUMAN

Name: N/A

UniProtKB Accession Codes:

Q7Z532

Database IDs:

ARBA 8 AlphaFoldDB 1 BioGRID-ORCS 1 CTD 1 DNASU 1 DisGeNET 1 EMBL 2 GO 5 Gene3D 1 InterPro 4 KEGG 1 NCBI Taxonomy 1 OrthoDB 1 PANTHER 2 PROSITE 1 PeptideAtlas 1 Pfam 1 PharmGKB 1 RefSeq 2 SAM 1 SMART 1 SUPFAM 1

Sequence Information:

  • Length: 298
  • Mass: 33922
  • Checksum: EFE31C24799F2583
  • Sequence:
    • MKTLQSTLLL LLLVPLIKPA PPTQQDSRII YDYGTDNFEE SIFSQDYEDK YLDGKNIKEK 
ETVIIPNEKS LQLQKDEAIT PLPPKKENDE MPTCLLCVCL SGSVYCEEVD IDAVPPLPKE 
SAYLYARFNK IKKLTAKDFA DIPNLRRLDF TGNLIEDIED GTFSKLSLLE ELSLAENQLL 
KLPVLPPKLT LFNAKYNKIK SRGIKANAFQ KLNNLTFLYL DHNALESVPL NLPESLRVIH 
LQFNNIASIT DDTFCKANDT SYIRDRIEEI RLEGNPIVLG KHPNSFICLK RLPIGSYF