Details for: PTHLH

Gene ID: 5744

Symbol: PTHLH

Ensembl ID: ENSG00000087494

Description: parathyroid hormone like hormone

Associated with

Cells (max top 100)

(Cell Significance Index and respective Thresholds are uniquely calculated using our advanced thresholding algorithms to reveal cell-specific gene markers)

  • Cell Name: mucosal type mast cell (CL0000485)
    Fold Change: 20.2089
    Cell Significance Index: -8.2100
  • Cell Name: ciliated cell of the bronchus (CL0002332)
    Fold Change: 8.5939
    Cell Significance Index: -8.2100
  • Cell Name: luminal hormone-sensing cell of mammary gland (CL4033058)
    Fold Change: 6.8807
    Cell Significance Index: 42.3500
  • Cell Name: oral mucosa squamous cell (CL1001576)
    Fold Change: 3.8217
    Cell Significance Index: 32.8400
  • Cell Name: intestinal tuft cell (CL0019032)
    Fold Change: 3.8195
    Cell Significance Index: 234.1700
  • Cell Name: paneth cell of epithelium of small intestine (CL1000343)
    Fold Change: 2.5842
    Cell Significance Index: 55.9900
  • Cell Name: progenitor cell of mammary luminal epithelium (CL0009116)
    Fold Change: 2.5287
    Cell Significance Index: 188.4700
  • Cell Name: transit amplifying cell of colon (CL0009011)
    Fold Change: 1.9047
    Cell Significance Index: 61.0100
  • Cell Name: enterocyte of epithelium of large intestine (CL0002071)
    Fold Change: 1.4031
    Cell Significance Index: 63.6000
  • Cell Name: BEST4+ enteroycte (CL4030026)
    Fold Change: 1.3345
    Cell Significance Index: 20.1100
  • Cell Name: enteroendocrine cell of colon (CL0009042)
    Fold Change: 1.0865
    Cell Significance Index: 206.7700
  • Cell Name: keratocyte (CL0002363)
    Fold Change: 0.7324
    Cell Significance Index: 11.6200
  • Cell Name: colon goblet cell (CL0009039)
    Fold Change: 0.6905
    Cell Significance Index: 68.3100
  • Cell Name: tuft cell of colon (CL0009041)
    Fold Change: 0.6018
    Cell Significance Index: 543.3800
  • Cell Name: intestinal crypt stem cell of small intestine (CL0009017)
    Fold Change: 0.4883
    Cell Significance Index: 10.4000
  • Cell Name: epithelial cell of small intestine (CL0002254)
    Fold Change: 0.3725
    Cell Significance Index: 60.5900
  • Cell Name: epithelial cell of lacrimal sac (CL1000436)
    Fold Change: 0.3599
    Cell Significance Index: 2.5900
  • Cell Name: intestinal crypt stem cell of colon (CL0009043)
    Fold Change: 0.3564
    Cell Significance Index: 38.7700
  • Cell Name: CD14-low, CD16-positive monocyte (CL0002396)
    Fold Change: 0.3422
    Cell Significance Index: 8.2900
  • Cell Name: chandelier cell (CL4023083)
    Fold Change: 0.3319
    Cell Significance Index: 2.6800
  • Cell Name: gut absorptive cell (CL0000677)
    Fold Change: 0.2154
    Cell Significance Index: 12.9300
  • Cell Name: microfold cell of epithelium of small intestine (CL1000353)
    Fold Change: 0.2008
    Cell Significance Index: 13.8900
  • Cell Name: epithelial cell of stomach (CL0002178)
    Fold Change: 0.1673
    Cell Significance Index: 19.5000
  • Cell Name: VIP GABAergic cortical interneuron (CL4023016)
    Fold Change: 0.1549
    Cell Significance Index: 3.1100
  • Cell Name: hair follicular keratinocyte (CL2000092)
    Fold Change: 0.1479
    Cell Significance Index: 65.3800
  • Cell Name: conjunctival epithelial cell (CL1000432)
    Fold Change: 0.1217
    Cell Significance Index: 1.6600
  • Cell Name: fibroblast of mammary gland (CL0002555)
    Fold Change: 0.1081
    Cell Significance Index: 3.1000
  • Cell Name: acinar cell of salivary gland (CL0002623)
    Fold Change: 0.1032
    Cell Significance Index: 4.8100
  • Cell Name: lactocyte (CL0002325)
    Fold Change: 0.0215
    Cell Significance Index: 2.7800
  • Cell Name: enteroendocrine cell of small intestine (CL0009006)
    Fold Change: 0.0152
    Cell Significance Index: 0.3800
  • Cell Name: GABAergic interneuron (CL0011005)
    Fold Change: 0.0112
    Cell Significance Index: 7.7700
  • Cell Name: cell in vitro (CL0001034)
    Fold Change: 0.0044
    Cell Significance Index: 2.3900
  • Cell Name: preadipocyte (CL0002334)
    Fold Change: 0.0000
    Cell Significance Index: 0.0000
  • Cell Name: fallopian tube secretory epithelial cell (CL4030006)
    Fold Change: -0.0006
    Cell Significance Index: -0.0100
  • Cell Name: stromal cell of ovary (CL0002132)
    Fold Change: -0.0012
    Cell Significance Index: -0.1600
  • Cell Name: small intestine goblet cell (CL1000495)
    Fold Change: -0.0034
    Cell Significance Index: -0.1200
  • Cell Name: pigmented epithelial cell (CL0000529)
    Fold Change: -0.0042
    Cell Significance Index: -7.9700
  • Cell Name: anterior lens cell (CL0002223)
    Fold Change: -0.0049
    Cell Significance Index: -9.1100
  • Cell Name: enterocyte of epithelium of small intestine (CL1000334)
    Fold Change: -0.0052
    Cell Significance Index: -0.1500
  • Cell Name: type B pancreatic cell (CL0000169)
    Fold Change: -0.0059
    Cell Significance Index: -3.3000
  • Cell Name: lens epithelial cell (CL0002224)
    Fold Change: -0.0059
    Cell Significance Index: -9.1100
  • Cell Name: secondary lens fiber (CL0002225)
    Fold Change: -0.0069
    Cell Significance Index: -9.4000
  • Cell Name: pancreatic A cell (CL0000171)
    Fold Change: -0.0115
    Cell Significance Index: -8.5100
  • Cell Name: pulmonary alveolar epithelial cell (CL0000322)
    Fold Change: -0.0122
    Cell Significance Index: -9.2200
  • Cell Name: kidney loop of Henle cortical thick ascending limb epithelial cell (CL1001109)
    Fold Change: -0.0126
    Cell Significance Index: -9.2700
  • Cell Name: obsolete caudal ganglionic eminence derived GABAergic cortical interneuron (CL4023070)
    Fold Change: -0.0135
    Cell Significance Index: -4.8500
  • Cell Name: chandelier pvalb GABAergic cortical interneuron (CL4023036)
    Fold Change: -0.0172
    Cell Significance Index: -0.3600
  • Cell Name: fibro/adipogenic progenitor cell (CL0009099)
    Fold Change: -0.0192
    Cell Significance Index: -0.9700
  • Cell Name: ciliary muscle cell (CL1000443)
    Fold Change: -0.0200
    Cell Significance Index: -9.0800
  • Cell Name: L2/3-6 intratelencephalic projecting glutamatergic neuron (CL4023040)
    Fold Change: -0.0218
    Cell Significance Index: -4.3800
  • Cell Name: dopaminergic neuron (CL0000700)
    Fold Change: -0.0271
    Cell Significance Index: -7.8100
  • Cell Name: odontoblast (CL0000060)
    Fold Change: -0.0350
    Cell Significance Index: -4.4900
  • Cell Name: pancreatic ductal cell (CL0002079)
    Fold Change: -0.0356
    Cell Significance Index: -4.0800
  • Cell Name: intermediate cell of urothelium (CL4030055)
    Fold Change: -0.0395
    Cell Significance Index: -7.1300
  • Cell Name: luminal adaptive secretory precursor cell of mammary gland (CL4033057)
    Fold Change: -0.0415
    Cell Significance Index: -1.9500
  • Cell Name: neoplastic cell (CL0001063)
    Fold Change: -0.0419
    Cell Significance Index: -8.3200
  • Cell Name: basal cell of urothelium (CL1000486)
    Fold Change: -0.0420
    Cell Significance Index: -5.1700
  • Cell Name: pancreatic acinar cell (CL0002064)
    Fold Change: -0.0430
    Cell Significance Index: -7.3500
  • Cell Name: pancreatic D cell (CL0000173)
    Fold Change: -0.0459
    Cell Significance Index: -9.6700
  • Cell Name: pigmented ciliary epithelial cell (CL0002303)
    Fold Change: -0.0603
    Cell Significance Index: -8.7700
  • Cell Name: abnormal cell (CL0001061)
    Fold Change: -0.0647
    Cell Significance Index: -6.6100
  • Cell Name: granulosa cell (CL0000501)
    Fold Change: -0.0757
    Cell Significance Index: -1.9900
  • Cell Name: transit amplifying cell of small intestine (CL0009012)
    Fold Change: -0.0786
    Cell Significance Index: -1.6300
  • Cell Name: bladder urothelial cell (CL1001428)
    Fold Change: -0.0820
    Cell Significance Index: -4.2600
  • Cell Name: tonsil germinal center B cell (CL2000006)
    Fold Change: -0.0838
    Cell Significance Index: -9.8800
  • Cell Name: smooth muscle cell of sphincter of pupil (CL0002243)
    Fold Change: -0.0848
    Cell Significance Index: -8.8300
  • Cell Name: sebum secreting cell (CL0000317)
    Fold Change: -0.0952
    Cell Significance Index: -6.7300
  • Cell Name: hippocampal granule cell (CL0001033)
    Fold Change: -0.0989
    Cell Significance Index: -6.6500
  • Cell Name: basal epithelial cell of tracheobronchial tree (CL0002329)
    Fold Change: -0.1032
    Cell Significance Index: -2.8900
  • Cell Name: cardiac muscle myoblast (CL0000513)
    Fold Change: -0.1196
    Cell Significance Index: -9.1800
  • Cell Name: hippocampal interneuron (CL1001569)
    Fold Change: -0.1326
    Cell Significance Index: -1.7200
  • Cell Name: myometrial cell (CL0002366)
    Fold Change: -0.1328
    Cell Significance Index: -1.5300
  • Cell Name: forebrain neuroblast (CL1000042)
    Fold Change: -0.1375
    Cell Significance Index: -8.4500
  • Cell Name: lung endothelial cell (CL1001567)
    Fold Change: -0.1429
    Cell Significance Index: -7.4500
  • Cell Name: neural progenitor cell (CL0011020)
    Fold Change: -0.1496
    Cell Significance Index: -1.4800
  • Cell Name: cortical interneuron (CL0008031)
    Fold Change: -0.1668
    Cell Significance Index: -4.0000
  • Cell Name: luminal epithelial cell of mammary gland (CL0002326)
    Fold Change: -0.1693
    Cell Significance Index: -2.1800
  • Cell Name: glycinergic neuron (CL1001509)
    Fold Change: -0.1695
    Cell Significance Index: -8.9000
  • Cell Name: medial ganglionic eminence derived interneuron (CL4023063)
    Fold Change: -0.1707
    Cell Significance Index: -2.4500
  • Cell Name: retinal progenitor cell (CL0002672)
    Fold Change: -0.1761
    Cell Significance Index: -9.8800
  • Cell Name: stratified epithelial cell (CL0000079)
    Fold Change: -0.1776
    Cell Significance Index: -6.5200
  • Cell Name: neuron associated cell (CL0000095)
    Fold Change: -0.1776
    Cell Significance Index: -7.2800
  • Cell Name: connective tissue cell (CL0002320)
    Fold Change: -0.1784
    Cell Significance Index: -1.7200
  • Cell Name: L6b glutamatergic cortical neuron (CL4023038)
    Fold Change: -0.1869
    Cell Significance Index: -6.1200
  • Cell Name: eukaryotic cell (CL0000255)
    Fold Change: -0.1871
    Cell Significance Index: -8.1300
  • Cell Name: epithelial cell of pancreas (CL0000083)
    Fold Change: -0.1906
    Cell Significance Index: -3.1400
  • Cell Name: indirect pathway medium spiny neuron (CL4023029)
    Fold Change: -0.1960
    Cell Significance Index: -8.6700
  • Cell Name: L5 extratelencephalic projecting glutamatergic cortical neuron (CL4023041)
    Fold Change: -0.1972
    Cell Significance Index: -6.9100
  • Cell Name: direct pathway medium spiny neuron (CL4023026)
    Fold Change: -0.2266
    Cell Significance Index: -8.5800
  • Cell Name: corticothalamic-projecting glutamatergic cortical neuron (CL4023013)
    Fold Change: -0.2283
    Cell Significance Index: -7.2700
  • Cell Name: thymocyte (CL0000893)
    Fold Change: -0.2390
    Cell Significance Index: -3.0200
  • Cell Name: endocardial cell (CL0002350)
    Fold Change: -0.2405
    Cell Significance Index: -1.4200
  • Cell Name: hippocampal pyramidal neuron (CL1001571)
    Fold Change: -0.2520
    Cell Significance Index: -7.1900
  • Cell Name: skeletal muscle fiber (CL0008002)
    Fold Change: -0.2560
    Cell Significance Index: -6.5800
  • Cell Name: fibroblast of dermis (CL0002551)
    Fold Change: -0.2623
    Cell Significance Index: -5.4900
  • Cell Name: mesonephric nephron tubule epithelial cell (CL1000022)
    Fold Change: -0.2768
    Cell Significance Index: -9.6200
  • Cell Name: pvalb GABAergic cortical interneuron (CL4023018)
    Fold Change: -0.2775
    Cell Significance Index: -5.8900
  • Cell Name: GABAergic neuron (CL0000617)
    Fold Change: -0.2861
    Cell Significance Index: -3.6100
  • Cell Name: neutrophil progenitor cell (CL0000834)
    Fold Change: -0.2862
    Cell Significance Index: -7.6600
  • Cell Name: keratinocyte (CL0000312)
    Fold Change: -0.2907
    Cell Significance Index: -7.2600

Cell ID: Standard Cell Ontology term used for mapping and comparing cells across experiments. Ensures consistency in analyzing cellular functions across tissues.
Fold Change: Represents the ratio of the current Cell Significance Index to the Cell Significance Index Threshold, indicating how much the gene expression has changed compared to a baseline.
Cell Significance Index: Reflects how strongly a gene is expressed in this specific cell.

Cell ID: Standard Cell Ontology term used for mapping and comparing cells across experiments. Ensures consistency in analyzing cellular functions across tissues.
Fold Change: Represents the ratio of the current Cell Significance Index to the Cell Significance Index Threshold, indicating how much the gene expression has changed compared to a baseline.
Cell Significance Index: Reflects how strongly a gene is expressed in this cell type. Calculated using techniques like effect size estimation and bootstrapping for reliability.

Cell ID: Standard Cell Ontology term used for mapping and comparing cells across experiments. Ensures consistency in analyzing cellular functions across tissues.
Fold Change: Represents the ratio of the current Cell Significance Index to the Cell Significance Index Threshold, indicating how much the gene expression has changed compared to a baseline.
Cell Significance Index: Reflects how strongly a gene is expressed in this cell type. Calculated using techniques like effect size estimation and bootstrapping for reliability.

Other Information

**Key Characteristics:** PTHLH is a 1,281-amino acid protein that belongs to the secretin family of peptides, characterized by its ability to activate adenylate cyclase via G-protein coupled receptors (GPCRs). The protein's structure is comprised of a unique combination of hydrophobic and hydrophilic regions, allowing it to interact with various cellular components and signaling pathways. PTHLH's expression is widespread, with significant levels detected in neural progenitor cells, respiratory basal cells, and other cell types involved in development, immune response, and tissue homeostasis. **Pathways and Functions:** PTHLH's signaling pathways are complex and multifaceted, involving interactions with various GPCRs, kinases, and transcription factors. Some of the key signaling pathways and functions associated with PTHLH include: 1. **Adenylate cyclase-activating GPCR signaling pathway:** PTHLH activates adenylate cyclase via G-protein coupled receptors, leading to increased cAMP levels and subsequent effects on cellular proliferation, differentiation, and gene expression. 2. **Bone mineralization:** PTHLH has been shown to regulate bone mineralization by interacting with osteoblasts and osteoclasts, influencing the balance between bone resorption and formation. 3. **Cell-cell signaling:** PTHLH's interaction with various cell types, including epithelial cells, fibroblasts, and immune cells, modulates cell-cell communication and tissue homeostasis. 4. **Regulation of gene expression:** PTHLH's signaling pathways can modulate the expression of genes involved in development, immune response, and tissue homeostasis. **Clinical Significance:** The clinical significance of PTHLH is multifaceted, with implications for various diseases and conditions, including: 1. **Malignant hypercalcemia:** Elevated levels of PTHLH have been associated with malignant hypercalcemia, a condition characterized by hypercalcemia and bone disease. 2. **Osteoporosis:** PTHLH's role in regulating bone mineralization and osteoblast activity makes it a potential target for the treatment of osteoporosis. 3. **Neurological disorders:** PTHLH's interaction with neural progenitor cells and its role in cell-cell signaling suggest potential applications in neurological disorders, such as Alzheimer's disease and Parkinson's disease. 4. **Cancer:** PTHLH's expression in various types of cancer, including breast, lung, and colon cancer, highlights its potential as a biomarker and therapeutic target. In conclusion, PTHLH's complex signaling pathways and multifaceted functions make it an intriguing molecule with significant implications for human health. Further research is necessary to fully elucidate the mechanisms underlying PTHLH's functions and to explore its therapeutic potential in various diseases and conditions.

Genular Protein ID: 2609766213

Symbol: PTHR_HUMAN

Name: Parathyroid hormone-related protein

UniProtKB Accession Codes:

Database IDs:

Citations:

PubMed ID: 3616618

Title: A parathyroid hormone-related protein implicated in malignant hypercalcemia: cloning and expression.

PubMed ID: 3616618

DOI: 10.1126/science.3616618

PubMed ID: 2829195

Title: Identification of a cDNA encoding a parathyroid hormone-like peptide from a human tumor associated with humoral hypercalcemia of malignancy.

PubMed ID: 2829195

DOI: 10.1073/pnas.85.2.597

PubMed ID: 2708388

Title: Characterization of the human parathyroid hormone-like peptide gene. Functional and evolutionary aspects.

PubMed ID: 2708388

DOI: 10.1016/s0021-9258(18)83294-x

PubMed ID: 3290897

Title: Human renal carcinoma expresses two messages encoding a parathyroid hormone-like peptide: evidence for the alternative splicing of a single-copy gene.

PubMed ID: 3290897

DOI: 10.1073/pnas.85.13.4605

PubMed ID: 15489334

Title: The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC).

PubMed ID: 15489334

DOI: 10.1101/gr.2596504

PubMed ID: 2744490

Title: Structure of the 5' flanking region of the gene encoding human parathyroid-hormone-related protein (PTHrP).

PubMed ID: 2744490

DOI: 10.1016/0378-1119(89)90363-6

PubMed ID: 2885845

Title: Parathyroid hormone-related protein purified from a human lung cancer cell line.

PubMed ID: 2885845

DOI: 10.1073/pnas.84.14.5048

PubMed ID: 2928340

Title: Isolation and characterization of the human parathyroid hormone-like peptide gene.

PubMed ID: 2928340

DOI: 10.1073/pnas.86.7.2408

PubMed ID: 1915066

Title: A carboxyl-terminal peptide from the parathyroid hormone-related protein inhibits bone resorption by osteoclasts.

PubMed ID: 1915066

DOI: 10.1210/endo-129-4-1762

PubMed ID: 1954916

Title: A potent inhibitor of osteoclastic bone resorption within a highly conserved pentapeptide region of parathyroid hormone-related protein; PTHrP107-111.

PubMed ID: 1954916

DOI: 10.1210/endo-129-6-3424

PubMed ID: 9144344

Title: C-terminal parathyroid hormone-related protein inhibits proliferation and differentiation of human osteoblast-like cells.

PubMed ID: 9144344

DOI: 10.1359/jbmr.1997.12.5.778

PubMed ID: 9048639

Title: Parathyroid hormone-related protein-(107-139) inhibits bone resorption in vivo.

PubMed ID: 9048639

DOI: 10.1210/endo.138.3.4990

PubMed ID: 12852260

Title: Parathyroid hormone-related protein (PTHrP): a nucleocytoplasmic shuttling protein with distinct paracrine and intracrine roles.

PubMed ID: 12852260

DOI: 10.1016/s0083-6729(03)01010-0

PubMed ID: 11401507

Title: Molecular dissection of the importin beta1-recognized nuclear targeting signal of parathyroid hormone-related protein.

PubMed ID: 11401507

DOI: 10.1006/bbrc.2001.4607

PubMed ID: 12538599

Title: Minireview: parathyroid hormone-related protein as an intracrine factor -- trafficking mechanisms and functional consequences.

PubMed ID: 12538599

DOI: 10.1210/en.2002-220818

PubMed ID: 20637541

Title: PTHrP promotes colon cancer cell migration and invasion in an integrin alpha6beta4-dependent manner through activation of Rac1.

PubMed ID: 20637541

DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2010.06.009

PubMed ID: 10050767

Title: The structure of human parathyroid hormone-related protein(1-34) in near-physiological solution.

PubMed ID: 10050767

DOI: 10.1016/s0014-5793(98)01658-5

PubMed ID: 12504010

Title: Molecular basis for the recognition of a nonclassical nuclear localization signal by importin beta.

PubMed ID: 12504010

DOI: 10.1016/s1097-2765(02)00727-x

PubMed ID: 19674967

Title: Structural basis for parathyroid hormone-related protein binding to the parathyroid hormone receptor and design of conformation-selective peptides.

PubMed ID: 19674967

DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m109.022905

PubMed ID: 16959974

Title: The consensus coding sequences of human breast and colorectal cancers.

PubMed ID: 16959974

DOI: 10.1126/science.1133427

PubMed ID: 20170896

Title: Deletion and point mutations of PTHLH cause brachydactyly type E.

PubMed ID: 20170896

DOI: 10.1016/j.ajhg.2010.01.023

Sequence Information:

  • Length: 177
  • Mass: 20194
  • Checksum: 449FDFEE954C51DB
  • Sequence:
  • MQRRLVQQWS VAVFLLSYAV PSCGRSVEGL SRRLKRAVSE HQLLHDKGKS IQDLRRRFFL 
    HHLIAEIHTA EIRATSEVSP NSKPSPNTKN HPVRFGSDDE GRYLTQETNK VETYKEQPLK 
    TPGKKKKGKP GKRKEQEKKK RRTRSAWLDS GVTGSGLEGD HLSDTSTTSL ELDSRRH

Genular Protein ID: 3182773271

Symbol: Q53XY9_HUMAN

Name: N/A

UniProtKB Accession Codes:

Database IDs:

Citations:

PubMed ID: 11181995

Title: The sequence of the human genome.

PubMed ID: 11181995

DOI: 10.1126/science.1058040

Sequence Information:

  • Length: 175
  • Mass: 19901
  • Checksum: 4FEE954C51DB3E7D
  • Sequence:
  • MQRRLVQQWS VAVFLLSYAV PSCGRSVEGL SRRLKRAVSE HQLLHDKGKS IQDLRRRFFL 
    HHLIAEIHTA EIRATSEVSP NSKPSPNTKN HPVRFGSDDE GRYLTQETNK VETYKEQPLK 
    TPGKKKKGKP GKRKEQEKKK RRTRSAWLDS GVTGSGLEGD HLSDTSTTSL ELDSR

Database document:

This is a preview of the gene's schema. Only a few entries are kept for 'singleCellExpressions,' 'mRNAExpressions,' and other large data arrays for visualization purposes. You can zoom in with the mouse wheel for a closer view, and the text will adjust automatically if necessary. For the full schema, download it here.