Details for: RALA

Gene ID: 5898

Symbol: RALA

Ensembl ID: ENSG00000006451

Description: RAS like proto-oncogene A

Associated with

Cells (max top 100)

(Cell Significance Index and respective Thresholds are uniquely calculated using our advanced thresholding algorithms to reveal cell-specific gene markers)

  • Cell Name: polychromatophilic erythroblast (CL0000550)
    Fold Change: 342.0549
    Cell Significance Index: -53.2100
  • Cell Name: hematopoietic oligopotent progenitor cell (CL0002032)
    Fold Change: 189.3998
    Cell Significance Index: -48.0400
  • Cell Name: embryonic stem cell (CL0002322)
    Fold Change: 128.5600
    Cell Significance Index: -52.9600
  • Cell Name: smooth muscle fiber of ileum (CL1000278)
    Fold Change: 121.8116
    Cell Significance Index: -57.5100
  • Cell Name: peripheral blood mononuclear cell (CL2000001)
    Fold Change: 107.1959
    Cell Significance Index: -55.1400
  • Cell Name: ileal goblet cell (CL1000326)
    Fold Change: 85.7796
    Cell Significance Index: -57.5600
  • Cell Name: orthochromatic erythroblast (CL0000552)
    Fold Change: 44.4541
    Cell Significance Index: -54.8100
  • Cell Name: CD8-alpha-beta-positive, alpha-beta intraepithelial T cell (CL0000796)
    Fold Change: 18.2204
    Cell Significance Index: -48.8100
  • Cell Name: stromal cell of bone marrow (CL0010001)
    Fold Change: 13.9608
    Cell Significance Index: -55.0900
  • Cell Name: CD8-positive, alpha-beta regulatory T cell (CL0000795)
    Fold Change: 11.6590
    Cell Significance Index: -35.8100
  • Cell Name: epidermal Langerhans cell (CL0002457)
    Fold Change: 10.3172
    Cell Significance Index: -22.5800
  • Cell Name: tuft cell of colon (CL0009041)
    Fold Change: 1.6359
    Cell Significance Index: 1477.0900
  • Cell Name: L2/3-6 intratelencephalic projecting glutamatergic neuron (CL4023040)
    Fold Change: 1.3972
    Cell Significance Index: 280.2800
  • Cell Name: basal epithelial cell of tracheobronchial tree (CL0002329)
    Fold Change: 1.2510
    Cell Significance Index: 34.9600
  • Cell Name: neoplastic cell (CL0001063)
    Fold Change: 1.0764
    Cell Significance Index: 213.6200
  • Cell Name: placental villous trophoblast (CL2000060)
    Fold Change: 1.0630
    Cell Significance Index: 28.3900
  • Cell Name: cardiac muscle myoblast (CL0000513)
    Fold Change: 0.9065
    Cell Significance Index: 69.5600
  • Cell Name: cell in vitro (CL0001034)
    Fold Change: 0.7130
    Cell Significance Index: 389.4100
  • Cell Name: intermediate cell of urothelium (CL4030055)
    Fold Change: 0.6745
    Cell Significance Index: 121.6000
  • Cell Name: GABAergic interneuron (CL0011005)
    Fold Change: 0.6658
    Cell Significance Index: 460.5300
  • Cell Name: paneth cell of epithelium of small intestine (CL1000343)
    Fold Change: 0.6642
    Cell Significance Index: 14.3900
  • Cell Name: fibroblast of dermis (CL0002551)
    Fold Change: 0.6316
    Cell Significance Index: 13.2200
  • Cell Name: basal cell of urothelium (CL1000486)
    Fold Change: 0.6302
    Cell Significance Index: 77.4900
  • Cell Name: stromal cell of ovary (CL0002132)
    Fold Change: 0.6259
    Cell Significance Index: 85.9500
  • Cell Name: obsolete caudal ganglionic eminence derived GABAergic cortical interneuron (CL4023070)
    Fold Change: 0.6212
    Cell Significance Index: 222.8100
  • Cell Name: mesonephric nephron tubule epithelial cell (CL1000022)
    Fold Change: 0.5537
    Cell Significance Index: 19.2400
  • Cell Name: hippocampal granule cell (CL0001033)
    Fold Change: 0.5535
    Cell Significance Index: 37.2200
  • Cell Name: hair follicular keratinocyte (CL2000092)
    Fold Change: 0.5428
    Cell Significance Index: 239.9900
  • Cell Name: retinal progenitor cell (CL0002672)
    Fold Change: 0.5162
    Cell Significance Index: 28.9700
  • Cell Name: luminal adaptive secretory precursor cell of mammary gland (CL4033057)
    Fold Change: 0.4722
    Cell Significance Index: 22.2000
  • Cell Name: enterocyte of epithelium of small intestine (CL1000334)
    Fold Change: 0.4517
    Cell Significance Index: 13.0200
  • Cell Name: forebrain neuroblast (CL1000042)
    Fold Change: 0.4464
    Cell Significance Index: 27.4400
  • Cell Name: tonsil germinal center B cell (CL2000006)
    Fold Change: 0.4290
    Cell Significance Index: 50.6000
  • Cell Name: acinar cell of salivary gland (CL0002623)
    Fold Change: 0.3267
    Cell Significance Index: 15.2300
  • Cell Name: sebum secreting cell (CL0000317)
    Fold Change: 0.2911
    Cell Significance Index: 20.5900
  • Cell Name: enteroendocrine cell of colon (CL0009042)
    Fold Change: 0.2710
    Cell Significance Index: 51.5800
  • Cell Name: enterocyte of epithelium of large intestine (CL0002071)
    Fold Change: 0.2660
    Cell Significance Index: 12.0600
  • Cell Name: early pro-B cell (CL0002046)
    Fold Change: 0.2585
    Cell Significance Index: 16.6800
  • Cell Name: endothelial cell of placenta (CL0009092)
    Fold Change: 0.2582
    Cell Significance Index: 1.5600
  • Cell Name: pancreatic PP cell (CL0002275)
    Fold Change: 0.2566
    Cell Significance Index: 160.2100
  • Cell Name: colon goblet cell (CL0009039)
    Fold Change: 0.2520
    Cell Significance Index: 24.9300
  • Cell Name: granulosa cell (CL0000501)
    Fold Change: 0.2164
    Cell Significance Index: 5.6900
  • Cell Name: bladder urothelial cell (CL1001428)
    Fold Change: 0.2075
    Cell Significance Index: 10.7800
  • Cell Name: microfold cell of epithelium of small intestine (CL1000353)
    Fold Change: 0.1815
    Cell Significance Index: 12.5500
  • Cell Name: direct pathway medium spiny neuron (CL4023026)
    Fold Change: 0.1606
    Cell Significance Index: 6.0800
  • Cell Name: fibroblast of mammary gland (CL0002555)
    Fold Change: 0.1423
    Cell Significance Index: 4.0800
  • Cell Name: pancreatic acinar cell (CL0002064)
    Fold Change: 0.1338
    Cell Significance Index: 22.8500
  • Cell Name: indirect pathway medium spiny neuron (CL4023029)
    Fold Change: 0.1338
    Cell Significance Index: 5.9200
  • Cell Name: paneth cell of colon (CL0009009)
    Fold Change: 0.1215
    Cell Significance Index: 1.8200
  • Cell Name: lactocyte (CL0002325)
    Fold Change: 0.0755
    Cell Significance Index: 9.7500
  • Cell Name: odontoblast (CL0000060)
    Fold Change: 0.0668
    Cell Significance Index: 8.5600
  • Cell Name: progenitor cell of mammary luminal epithelium (CL0009116)
    Fold Change: 0.0293
    Cell Significance Index: 2.1800
  • Cell Name: pigmented epithelial cell (CL0000529)
    Fold Change: -0.0060
    Cell Significance Index: -11.3000
  • Cell Name: anterior lens cell (CL0002223)
    Fold Change: -0.0098
    Cell Significance Index: -18.1500
  • Cell Name: ciliary muscle cell (CL1000443)
    Fold Change: -0.0164
    Cell Significance Index: -7.4500
  • Cell Name: pulmonary alveolar epithelial cell (CL0000322)
    Fold Change: -0.0183
    Cell Significance Index: -13.8400
  • Cell Name: non-pigmented ciliary epithelial cell (CL0002304)
    Fold Change: -0.0205
    Cell Significance Index: -13.0100
  • Cell Name: lens epithelial cell (CL0002224)
    Fold Change: -0.0217
    Cell Significance Index: -33.3300
  • Cell Name: CD4-positive, alpha-beta memory T cell, CD45RO-positive (CL0001204)
    Fold Change: -0.0242
    Cell Significance Index: -0.7100
  • Cell Name: pancreatic A cell (CL0000171)
    Fold Change: -0.0292
    Cell Significance Index: -21.6400
  • Cell Name: secondary lens fiber (CL0002225)
    Fold Change: -0.0350
    Cell Significance Index: -47.6500
  • Cell Name: mesenchymal cell (CL0008019)
    Fold Change: -0.0359
    Cell Significance Index: -0.6000
  • Cell Name: kidney loop of Henle cortical thick ascending limb epithelial cell (CL1001109)
    Fold Change: -0.0382
    Cell Significance Index: -28.0400
  • Cell Name: type B pancreatic cell (CL0000169)
    Fold Change: -0.0619
    Cell Significance Index: -34.8900
  • Cell Name: cortical cell of adrenal gland (CL0002097)
    Fold Change: -0.0670
    Cell Significance Index: -1.7900
  • Cell Name: skeletal muscle fiber (CL0008002)
    Fold Change: -0.0716
    Cell Significance Index: -1.8400
  • Cell Name: abnormal cell (CL0001061)
    Fold Change: -0.0727
    Cell Significance Index: -7.4300
  • Cell Name: Hofbauer cell (CL3000001)
    Fold Change: -0.0871
    Cell Significance Index: -0.7100
  • Cell Name: basal cell of prostate epithelium (CL0002341)
    Fold Change: -0.0946
    Cell Significance Index: -2.5800
  • Cell Name: preadipocyte (CL0002334)
    Fold Change: -0.1020
    Cell Significance Index: -1.9900
  • Cell Name: small intestine goblet cell (CL1000495)
    Fold Change: -0.1204
    Cell Significance Index: -4.2300
  • Cell Name: pancreatic D cell (CL0000173)
    Fold Change: -0.1564
    Cell Significance Index: -32.9500
  • Cell Name: pancreatic ductal cell (CL0002079)
    Fold Change: -0.1582
    Cell Significance Index: -18.1300
  • Cell Name: dopaminergic neuron (CL0000700)
    Fold Change: -0.1614
    Cell Significance Index: -46.4500
  • Cell Name: pigmented ciliary epithelial cell (CL0002303)
    Fold Change: -0.2038
    Cell Significance Index: -29.6200
  • Cell Name: epithelial cell of stomach (CL0002178)
    Fold Change: -0.2692
    Cell Significance Index: -31.3700
  • Cell Name: pancreatic endocrine cell (CL0008024)
    Fold Change: -0.2860
    Cell Significance Index: -32.6500
  • Cell Name: peg cell (CL4033014)
    Fold Change: -0.3013
    Cell Significance Index: -6.9600
  • Cell Name: cerebellar granule cell (CL0001031)
    Fold Change: -0.3484
    Cell Significance Index: -5.9700
  • Cell Name: glycinergic neuron (CL1001509)
    Fold Change: -0.3495
    Cell Significance Index: -18.3500
  • Cell Name: eye photoreceptor cell (CL0000287)
    Fold Change: -0.4195
    Cell Significance Index: -26.4400
  • Cell Name: pro-T cell (CL0000827)
    Fold Change: -0.4359
    Cell Significance Index: -11.1400
  • Cell Name: transit amplifying cell of colon (CL0009011)
    Fold Change: -0.4658
    Cell Significance Index: -14.9200
  • Cell Name: Purkinje cell (CL0000121)
    Fold Change: -0.4699
    Cell Significance Index: -10.2900
  • Cell Name: conjunctival epithelial cell (CL1000432)
    Fold Change: -0.4918
    Cell Significance Index: -6.7100
  • Cell Name: smooth muscle cell of sphincter of pupil (CL0002243)
    Fold Change: -0.5195
    Cell Significance Index: -54.0900
  • Cell Name: kidney loop of Henle descending limb epithelial cell (CL1001021)
    Fold Change: -0.5905
    Cell Significance Index: -46.7700
  • Cell Name: enteroendocrine cell of small intestine (CL0009006)
    Fold Change: -0.6205
    Cell Significance Index: -15.5100
  • Cell Name: cortical interneuron (CL0008031)
    Fold Change: -0.6409
    Cell Significance Index: -15.3700
  • Cell Name: leptomeningeal cell (CL0000708)
    Fold Change: -0.6870
    Cell Significance Index: -14.6900
  • Cell Name: neutrophil progenitor cell (CL0000834)
    Fold Change: -0.7873
    Cell Significance Index: -21.0600
  • Cell Name: umbrella cell of urothelium (CL4030056)
    Fold Change: -0.8106
    Cell Significance Index: -7.4700
  • Cell Name: intestinal crypt stem cell of small intestine (CL0009017)
    Fold Change: -0.8245
    Cell Significance Index: -17.5600
  • Cell Name: hippocampal pyramidal neuron (CL1001571)
    Fold Change: -0.8501
    Cell Significance Index: -24.2600
  • Cell Name: intestinal epithelial cell (CL0002563)
    Fold Change: -0.8868
    Cell Significance Index: -9.1800
  • Cell Name: cardiac muscle cell (CL0000746)
    Fold Change: -0.9144
    Cell Significance Index: -13.5000
  • Cell Name: skeletal muscle myoblast (CL0000515)
    Fold Change: -0.9235
    Cell Significance Index: -10.0400
  • Cell Name: intestinal tuft cell (CL0019032)
    Fold Change: -0.9305
    Cell Significance Index: -57.0500
  • Cell Name: cardiac endothelial cell (CL0010008)
    Fold Change: -0.9769
    Cell Significance Index: -14.0500
  • Cell Name: CD14-positive, CD16-negative classical monocyte (CL0002057)
    Fold Change: -0.9993
    Cell Significance Index: -18.4700

Cell ID: Standard Cell Ontology term used for mapping and comparing cells across experiments. Ensures consistency in analyzing cellular functions across tissues.
Fold Change: Represents the ratio of the current Cell Significance Index to the Cell Significance Index Threshold, indicating how much the gene expression has changed compared to a baseline.
Cell Significance Index: Reflects how strongly a gene is expressed in this specific cell.

Cell ID: Standard Cell Ontology term used for mapping and comparing cells across experiments. Ensures consistency in analyzing cellular functions across tissues.
Fold Change: Represents the ratio of the current Cell Significance Index to the Cell Significance Index Threshold, indicating how much the gene expression has changed compared to a baseline.
Cell Significance Index: Reflects how strongly a gene is expressed in this cell type. Calculated using techniques like effect size estimation and bootstrapping for reliability.

Cell ID: Standard Cell Ontology term used for mapping and comparing cells across experiments. Ensures consistency in analyzing cellular functions across tissues.
Fold Change: Represents the ratio of the current Cell Significance Index to the Cell Significance Index Threshold, indicating how much the gene expression has changed compared to a baseline.
Cell Significance Index: Reflects how strongly a gene is expressed in this cell type. Calculated using techniques like effect size estimation and bootstrapping for reliability.

Other Information

**Key Characteristics** RalA is a small GTPase that belongs to the RAS superfamily, which is characterized by its ability to bind and hydrolyze GTP. This GTPase cycle is essential for regulating various cellular processes, including cell growth, differentiation, and survival. RalA's unique structure, with a Ras-like domain and a Ral-specific domain, allows it to interact with multiple signaling partners and modulate distinct downstream effects. RalA's expression is widespread, with significant levels found in endothelial cells, epithelial cells, and thymic epithelial cells. This broad expression pattern suggests that RalA plays a conserved role in maintaining tissue homeostasis and responding to environmental cues. **Pathways and Functions** RalA is involved in multiple signaling pathways, including: 1. **Cytokine signaling**: RalA regulates the signaling of cytokines, such as interleukin-12, which is essential for immune response and inflammation. 2. **Chemotaxis**: RalA modulates chemotactic responses in endothelial cells, which is crucial for tissue repair and inflammation. 3. **Receptor tyrosine kinase signaling**: RalA interacts with receptor tyrosine kinases, such as NTRK1, to regulate cell growth and differentiation. 4. **Endocytic vesicle trafficking**: RalA regulates the trafficking of endocytic vesicles, which is essential for maintaining cellular homeostasis. 5. **Exocytosis**: RalA modulates the regulation of exocytosis, which is crucial for cell-to-cell communication and tissue repair. RalA's involvement in these pathways highlights its role in maintaining tissue homeostasis and responding to environmental cues. Its unique structure and interactions with multiple signaling partners position RalA as a key regulator of cellular processes. **Clinical Significance** RalA's dysregulation has been implicated in various diseases, including: 1. **Cancer**: RalA mutations have been identified in several types of cancer, including lung, breast, and colon cancer. 2. **Inflammatory disorders**: RalA's role in cytokine signaling and chemotaxis suggests that its dysregulation may contribute to inflammatory disorders, such as rheumatoid arthritis and asthma. 3. **Neurological disorders**: RalA's involvement in neural tube closure and synaptic plasticity suggests that its dysregulation may contribute to neurological disorders, such as schizophrenia and autism spectrum disorder. Further research is needed to fully elucidate RalA's role in disease and to develop therapeutic strategies targeting this gene. However, its significance in maintaining tissue homeostasis and responding to environmental cues positions RalA as an important gene in understanding human disease.

Genular Protein ID: 3656147219

Symbol: RALA_HUMAN

Name: Ras-related protein Ral-A

UniProtKB Accession Codes:

P11233 A4D1W3

Database IDs:

AGR 1 AlphaFoldDB 1 Antibodypedia 1 Bgee 1 BioGRID 1 BioGRID-ORCS 1 BioMuta 1 CCDS 1 CDD 1 CTD 1 ChEBI 8 ChEMBL 1 ChiTaRS 1 DMDM 1 DNASU 1 DisGeNET 1 DrugBank 1 EC 1 EMBL 7 Ensembl 1 EvolutionaryTrace 1 ExpressionAtlas 1 GO 33 Gene3D 1 GeneCards 1 GeneTree 1 GeneWiki 1 GenomeRNAi 1 GlyCosmos 1 HGNC 1 HPA 1 InParanoid 1 IntAct 1 InterPro 4 KEGG 1 MANE-Select 1 MIM 3 MINT 1 MalaCards 1 MassIVE 1 MetOSite 1 NCBI Taxonomy 1 NCBIfam 1 OMA 1 OpenTargets 1 OrthoDB 1 PANTHER 2 PDB 16 PDBsum 16 PIR 1 PRINTS 1 PRO 1 PROSITE 1 PathwayCommons 1 PaxDb 1 PeptideAtlas 1 Pfam 1 PharmGKB 1 Pharos 1 PhosphoSitePlus 1 PhylomeDB 1 Proteomes 1 ProteomicsDB 1 Pumba 1 RNAct 1 Reactome 3 RefSeq 3 Rhea 2 SIGNOR 1 SMART 4 SMR 1 STRING 1 SUPFAM 1 SignaLink 1 SwissPalm 1 TreeFam 1 UCSC 1 VEuPathDB 1 eggNOG 1 iPTMnet 1 jPOST 1 neXtProt 1

Citations:

PubMed ID: 2662142

Title: Coding sequences of human ralA and ralB cDNAs.

PubMed ID: 2662142

DOI: 10.1093/nar/17.11.4380

PubMed ID: 2550440

Title: Identification of the ral and rac1 gene products, low molecular mass GTP-binding proteins from human platelets.

PubMed ID: 2550440

DOI: 10.1016/s0021-9258(19)84717-8

PubMed ID: 12690205

Title: Human chromosome 7: DNA sequence and biology.

PubMed ID: 12690205

DOI: 10.1126/science.1083423

PubMed ID: 12853948

Title: The DNA sequence of human chromosome 7.

PubMed ID: 12853948

DOI: 10.1038/nature01782

PubMed ID: 15489334

Title: The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC).

PubMed ID: 15489334

DOI: 10.1101/gr.2596504

PubMed ID: 1903399

Title: Carboxyl-terminal isoprenylation of ras-related GTP-binding proteins encoded by rac1, rac2, and ralA.

PubMed ID: 1903399

DOI: 10.1016/s0021-9258(18)92889-9

PubMed ID: 7673236

Title: Bridging Ral GTPase to Rho pathways. RLIP76, a Ral effector with CDC42/Rac GTPase-activating protein activity.

PubMed ID: 7673236

DOI: 10.1074/jbc.270.38.22473

PubMed ID: 8858106

Title: The ras-related protein Ral is monoglucosylated by Clostridium sordellii lethal toxin.

PubMed ID: 8858106

DOI: 10.1006/bbrc.1996.1470

PubMed ID: 10747847

Title: Identification and characterization of a new family of guanine nucleotide exchange factors for the ras-related GTPase Ral.

PubMed ID: 10747847

DOI: 10.1074/jbc.c000085200

PubMed ID: 14525976

Title: Ral GTPases regulate exocyst assembly through dual subunit interactions.

PubMed ID: 14525976

DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m308702200

PubMed ID: 16213214

Title: Centriolin anchoring of exocyst and SNARE complexes at the midbody is required for secretory-vesicle-mediated abscission.

PubMed ID: 16213214

DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2005.07.027

PubMed ID: 17875936

Title: Geranylgeranyltransferase I inhibitors target RalB to inhibit anchorage-dependent growth and induce apoptosis and RalA to inhibit anchorage-independent growth.

PubMed ID: 17875936

DOI: 10.1128/mcb.00057-07

PubMed ID: 18756269

Title: Distinct roles of RalA and RalB in the progression of cytokinesis are supported by distinct RalGEFs.

PubMed ID: 18756269

DOI: 10.1038/emboj.2008.166

PubMed ID: 19306925

Title: Dual regulation of lysophosphatidic acid (LPA1) receptor signalling by Ral and GRK.

PubMed ID: 19306925

DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2009.03.011

PubMed ID: 20005108

Title: RalA-exocyst complex regulates integrin-dependent membrane raft exocytosis and growth signaling.

PubMed ID: 20005108

DOI: 10.1016/j.cub.2009.11.016

PubMed ID: 21269460

Title: Initial characterization of the human central proteome.

PubMed ID: 21269460

DOI: 10.1186/1752-0509-5-17

PubMed ID: 21822277

Title: RALA and RALBP1 regulate mitochondrial fission at mitosis.

PubMed ID: 21822277

DOI: 10.1038/ncb2310

PubMed ID: 25944712

Title: N-terminome analysis of the human mitochondrial proteome.

PubMed ID: 25944712

DOI: 10.1002/pmic.201400617

PubMed ID: 30500825

Title: De novo mutations in the GTP/GDP-binding region of RALA, a RAS-like small GTPase, cause intellectual disability and developmental delay.

PubMed ID: 30500825

DOI: 10.1371/journal.pgen.1007671

PubMed ID: 30761613

Title: RALA mutation in a patient with autism spectrum disorder and Noonan syndrome-like phenotype.

PubMed ID: 30761613

DOI: 10.1111/cga.12327

PubMed ID: 15920473

Title: Exo84 and Sec5 are competitive regulatory Sec6/8 effectors to the RalA GTPase.

PubMed ID: 15920473

DOI: 10.1038/sj.emboj.7600699

PubMed ID: 16177825

Title: Crystal structure of the C3bot-RalA complex reveals a novel type of action of a bacterial exoenzyme.

PubMed ID: 16177825

DOI: 10.1038/sj.emboj.7600813

PubMed ID: 15809419

Title: Molecular recognition of an ADP-ribosylating Clostridium botulinum C3 exoenzyme by RalA GTPase.

PubMed ID: 15809419

DOI: 10.1073/pnas.0501525102

Sequence Information:

  • Length: 206
  • Mass: 23567
  • Checksum: 6974341EA18C1975
  • Sequence:
    • MAANKPKGQN SLALHKVIMV GSGGVGKSAL TLQFMYDEFV EDYEPTKADS YRKKVVLDGE 
EVQIDILDTA GQEDYAAIRD NYFRSGEGFL CVFSITEMES FAATADFREQ ILRVKEDENV 
PFLLVGNKSD LEDKRQVSVE EAKNRAEQWN VNYVETSAKT RANVDKVFFD LMREIRARKM 
EDSKEKNGKK KRKSLAKRIR ERCCIL

Database document:

This is a preview of the gene's schema. Only a few entries are kept for 'singleCellExpressions,' 'mRNAExpressions,' and other large data arrays for visualization purposes. You can zoom in with the mouse wheel for a closer view, and the text will adjust automatically if necessary. For the full schema, download it here.