Details for: CASP6

Gene ID: 839

Symbol: CASP6

Ensembl ID: ENSG00000138794

Description: caspase 6

Associated with

Cells (max top 100)

(Cell Significance Index and respective Thresholds are uniquely calculated using our advanced thresholding algorithms to reveal cell-specific gene markers)

  • Cell Name: polychromatophilic erythroblast (CL0000550)
    Fold Change: 89.8131
    Cell Significance Index: -13.9700
  • Cell Name: hematopoietic oligopotent progenitor cell (CL0002032)
    Fold Change: 39.0312
    Cell Significance Index: -9.9000
  • Cell Name: mucosal type mast cell (CL0000485)
    Fold Change: 38.0301
    Cell Significance Index: -15.4500
  • Cell Name: smooth muscle fiber of ileum (CL1000278)
    Fold Change: 36.1559
    Cell Significance Index: -17.0700
  • Cell Name: orthochromatic erythroblast (CL0000552)
    Fold Change: 13.0581
    Cell Significance Index: -16.1000
  • Cell Name: CD8-alpha-beta-positive, alpha-beta intraepithelial T cell (CL0000796)
    Fold Change: 5.5994
    Cell Significance Index: -15.0000
  • Cell Name: stromal cell of bone marrow (CL0010001)
    Fold Change: 4.2093
    Cell Significance Index: -16.6100
  • Cell Name: leptomeningeal cell (CL0000708)
    Fold Change: 3.6626
    Cell Significance Index: 78.2900
  • Cell Name: CD8-positive, alpha-beta regulatory T cell (CL0000795)
    Fold Change: 3.2493
    Cell Significance Index: -9.9800
  • Cell Name: tuft cell of small intestine (CL0009080)
    Fold Change: 2.3335
    Cell Significance Index: 23.5400
  • Cell Name: epithelial cell of stomach (CL0002178)
    Fold Change: 1.7878
    Cell Significance Index: 208.3500
  • Cell Name: granulosa cell (CL0000501)
    Fold Change: 1.5417
    Cell Significance Index: 40.5400
  • Cell Name: paneth cell of colon (CL0009009)
    Fold Change: 1.1606
    Cell Significance Index: 17.3900
  • Cell Name: conjunctival epithelial cell (CL1000432)
    Fold Change: 1.1353
    Cell Significance Index: 15.4900
  • Cell Name: epithelial cell of small intestine (CL0002254)
    Fold Change: 0.9508
    Cell Significance Index: 154.6500
  • Cell Name: enterocyte of epithelium of large intestine (CL0002071)
    Fold Change: 0.8790
    Cell Significance Index: 39.8400
  • Cell Name: colon goblet cell (CL0009039)
    Fold Change: 0.7927
    Cell Significance Index: 78.4200
  • Cell Name: paneth cell of epithelium of small intestine (CL1000343)
    Fold Change: 0.7782
    Cell Significance Index: 16.8600
  • Cell Name: bladder urothelial cell (CL1001428)
    Fold Change: 0.7656
    Cell Significance Index: 39.7700
  • Cell Name: cell in vitro (CL0001034)
    Fold Change: 0.6765
    Cell Significance Index: 369.4600
  • Cell Name: decidual cell (CL2000002)
    Fold Change: 0.6177
    Cell Significance Index: 9.9100
  • Cell Name: retinal progenitor cell (CL0002672)
    Fold Change: 0.5933
    Cell Significance Index: 33.3000
  • Cell Name: transit amplifying cell of colon (CL0009011)
    Fold Change: 0.5629
    Cell Significance Index: 18.0300
  • Cell Name: fibroblast of dermis (CL0002551)
    Fold Change: 0.5542
    Cell Significance Index: 11.6000
  • Cell Name: CD4-positive, alpha-beta memory T cell, CD45RO-positive (CL0001204)
    Fold Change: 0.5278
    Cell Significance Index: 15.5000
  • Cell Name: intermediate cell of urothelium (CL4030055)
    Fold Change: 0.5237
    Cell Significance Index: 94.4000
  • Cell Name: umbrella cell of urothelium (CL4030056)
    Fold Change: 0.4876
    Cell Significance Index: 4.4900
  • Cell Name: gut absorptive cell (CL0000677)
    Fold Change: 0.4672
    Cell Significance Index: 28.0500
  • Cell Name: mesonephric nephron tubule epithelial cell (CL1000022)
    Fold Change: 0.4578
    Cell Significance Index: 15.9100
  • Cell Name: neoplastic cell (CL0001063)
    Fold Change: 0.4576
    Cell Significance Index: 90.8100
  • Cell Name: basal cell of urothelium (CL1000486)
    Fold Change: 0.4282
    Cell Significance Index: 52.6500
  • Cell Name: intestinal epithelial cell (CL0002563)
    Fold Change: 0.3623
    Cell Significance Index: 3.7500
  • Cell Name: L2/3-6 intratelencephalic projecting glutamatergic neuron (CL4023040)
    Fold Change: 0.3330
    Cell Significance Index: 66.8000
  • Cell Name: enteroendocrine cell of colon (CL0009042)
    Fold Change: 0.3206
    Cell Significance Index: 61.0200
  • Cell Name: interstitial cell of ovary (CL0002094)
    Fold Change: 0.3061
    Cell Significance Index: 3.9200
  • Cell Name: enterocyte of epithelium of small intestine (CL1000334)
    Fold Change: 0.2888
    Cell Significance Index: 8.3200
  • Cell Name: hair follicular keratinocyte (CL2000092)
    Fold Change: 0.2770
    Cell Significance Index: 122.4600
  • Cell Name: early pro-B cell (CL0002046)
    Fold Change: 0.2298
    Cell Significance Index: 14.8300
  • Cell Name: Purkinje cell (CL0000121)
    Fold Change: 0.2210
    Cell Significance Index: 4.8400
  • Cell Name: stromal cell of ovary (CL0002132)
    Fold Change: 0.1931
    Cell Significance Index: 26.5200
  • Cell Name: intestinal crypt stem cell of small intestine (CL0009017)
    Fold Change: 0.1789
    Cell Significance Index: 3.8100
  • Cell Name: pancreatic acinar cell (CL0002064)
    Fold Change: 0.1733
    Cell Significance Index: 29.5900
  • Cell Name: forebrain neuroblast (CL1000042)
    Fold Change: 0.1541
    Cell Significance Index: 9.4700
  • Cell Name: acinar cell of salivary gland (CL0002623)
    Fold Change: 0.1438
    Cell Significance Index: 6.7100
  • Cell Name: sebum secreting cell (CL0000317)
    Fold Change: 0.1393
    Cell Significance Index: 9.8500
  • Cell Name: luminal adaptive secretory precursor cell of mammary gland (CL4033057)
    Fold Change: 0.1047
    Cell Significance Index: 4.9200
  • Cell Name: small intestine goblet cell (CL1000495)
    Fold Change: 0.1047
    Cell Significance Index: 3.6800
  • Cell Name: odontoblast (CL0000060)
    Fold Change: 0.1024
    Cell Significance Index: 13.1300
  • Cell Name: obsolete caudal ganglionic eminence derived GABAergic cortical interneuron (CL4023070)
    Fold Change: 0.1021
    Cell Significance Index: 36.6100
  • Cell Name: progenitor cell of mammary luminal epithelium (CL0009116)
    Fold Change: 0.0989
    Cell Significance Index: 7.3700
  • Cell Name: pigmented ciliary epithelial cell (CL0002303)
    Fold Change: 0.0934
    Cell Significance Index: 13.5700
  • Cell Name: cortical cell of adrenal gland (CL0002097)
    Fold Change: 0.0929
    Cell Significance Index: 2.4900
  • Cell Name: tuft cell of colon (CL0009041)
    Fold Change: 0.0891
    Cell Significance Index: 80.4800
  • Cell Name: basal cell of epidermis (CL0002187)
    Fold Change: 0.0823
    Cell Significance Index: 1.2500
  • Cell Name: kidney cell (CL1000497)
    Fold Change: 0.0351
    Cell Significance Index: 0.2800
  • Cell Name: basal epithelial cell of tracheobronchial tree (CL0002329)
    Fold Change: 0.0351
    Cell Significance Index: 0.9800
  • Cell Name: neutrophil progenitor cell (CL0000834)
    Fold Change: 0.0318
    Cell Significance Index: 0.8500
  • Cell Name: pancreatic endocrine cell (CL0008024)
    Fold Change: 0.0017
    Cell Significance Index: 0.1900
  • Cell Name: tonsil germinal center B cell (CL2000006)
    Fold Change: 0.0003
    Cell Significance Index: 0.0400
  • Cell Name: basal cell of prostate epithelium (CL0002341)
    Fold Change: -0.0004
    Cell Significance Index: -0.0100
  • Cell Name: non-pigmented ciliary epithelial cell (CL0002304)
    Fold Change: -0.0007
    Cell Significance Index: -0.4600
  • Cell Name: pigmented epithelial cell (CL0000529)
    Fold Change: -0.0013
    Cell Significance Index: -2.5300
  • Cell Name: lens epithelial cell (CL0002224)
    Fold Change: -0.0019
    Cell Significance Index: -2.8700
  • Cell Name: pancreatic PP cell (CL0002275)
    Fold Change: -0.0031
    Cell Significance Index: -1.9400
  • Cell Name: secondary lens fiber (CL0002225)
    Fold Change: -0.0032
    Cell Significance Index: -4.3100
  • Cell Name: pulmonary alveolar epithelial cell (CL0000322)
    Fold Change: -0.0045
    Cell Significance Index: -3.3800
  • Cell Name: pancreatic A cell (CL0000171)
    Fold Change: -0.0052
    Cell Significance Index: -3.8200
  • Cell Name: anterior lens cell (CL0002223)
    Fold Change: -0.0064
    Cell Significance Index: -11.8700
  • Cell Name: mesenchymal cell (CL0008019)
    Fold Change: -0.0066
    Cell Significance Index: -0.1100
  • Cell Name: kidney loop of Henle cortical thick ascending limb epithelial cell (CL1001109)
    Fold Change: -0.0071
    Cell Significance Index: -5.1700
  • Cell Name: lactocyte (CL0002325)
    Fold Change: -0.0104
    Cell Significance Index: -1.3500
  • Cell Name: lung endothelial cell (CL1001567)
    Fold Change: -0.0121
    Cell Significance Index: -0.6300
  • Cell Name: peg cell (CL4033014)
    Fold Change: -0.0151
    Cell Significance Index: -0.3500
  • Cell Name: cardiac muscle myoblast (CL0000513)
    Fold Change: -0.0152
    Cell Significance Index: -1.1700
  • Cell Name: pro-T cell (CL0000827)
    Fold Change: -0.0153
    Cell Significance Index: -0.3900
  • Cell Name: ciliary muscle cell (CL1000443)
    Fold Change: -0.0212
    Cell Significance Index: -9.6000
  • Cell Name: type B pancreatic cell (CL0000169)
    Fold Change: -0.0220
    Cell Significance Index: -12.4000
  • Cell Name: abnormal cell (CL0001061)
    Fold Change: -0.0302
    Cell Significance Index: -3.0800
  • Cell Name: pancreatic ductal cell (CL0002079)
    Fold Change: -0.0309
    Cell Significance Index: -3.5400
  • Cell Name: placental villous trophoblast (CL2000060)
    Fold Change: -0.0337
    Cell Significance Index: -0.9000
  • Cell Name: pancreatic D cell (CL0000173)
    Fold Change: -0.0385
    Cell Significance Index: -8.1100
  • Cell Name: dopaminergic neuron (CL0000700)
    Fold Change: -0.0489
    Cell Significance Index: -14.0800
  • Cell Name: skeletal muscle myoblast (CL0000515)
    Fold Change: -0.0635
    Cell Significance Index: -0.6900
  • Cell Name: eye photoreceptor cell (CL0000287)
    Fold Change: -0.1247
    Cell Significance Index: -7.8600
  • Cell Name: hippocampal granule cell (CL0001033)
    Fold Change: -0.1380
    Cell Significance Index: -9.2800
  • Cell Name: smooth muscle cell of sphincter of pupil (CL0002243)
    Fold Change: -0.1520
    Cell Significance Index: -15.8300
  • Cell Name: kidney loop of Henle descending limb epithelial cell (CL1001021)
    Fold Change: -0.1774
    Cell Significance Index: -14.0500
  • Cell Name: preadipocyte (CL0002334)
    Fold Change: -0.1786
    Cell Significance Index: -3.4900
  • Cell Name: endothelial cell of venule (CL1000414)
    Fold Change: -0.2060
    Cell Significance Index: -2.3400
  • Cell Name: kidney epithelial cell (CL0002518)
    Fold Change: -0.2355
    Cell Significance Index: -6.9400
  • Cell Name: skeletal muscle fiber (CL0008002)
    Fold Change: -0.2521
    Cell Significance Index: -6.4800
  • Cell Name: Hofbauer cell (CL3000001)
    Fold Change: -0.2698
    Cell Significance Index: -2.2000
  • Cell Name: intestinal tuft cell (CL0019032)
    Fold Change: -0.2699
    Cell Significance Index: -16.5500
  • Cell Name: cortical interneuron (CL0008031)
    Fold Change: -0.2752
    Cell Significance Index: -6.6000
  • Cell Name: indirect pathway medium spiny neuron (CL4023029)
    Fold Change: -0.2833
    Cell Significance Index: -12.5300
  • Cell Name: epithelial cell of nephron (CL1000449)
    Fold Change: -0.2988
    Cell Significance Index: -2.5400
  • Cell Name: glycinergic neuron (CL1001509)
    Fold Change: -0.3058
    Cell Significance Index: -16.0600
  • Cell Name: DN3 thymocyte (CL0000807)
    Fold Change: -0.3102
    Cell Significance Index: -3.1100
  • Cell Name: direct pathway medium spiny neuron (CL4023026)
    Fold Change: -0.3193
    Cell Significance Index: -12.0900
  • Cell Name: centrilobular region hepatocyte (CL0019029)
    Fold Change: -0.3310
    Cell Significance Index: -5.5800

Cell ID: Standard Cell Ontology term used for mapping and comparing cells across experiments. Ensures consistency in analyzing cellular functions across tissues.
Fold Change: Represents the ratio of the current Cell Significance Index to the Cell Significance Index Threshold, indicating how much the gene expression has changed compared to a baseline.
Cell Significance Index: Reflects how strongly a gene is expressed in this specific cell.

Cell ID: Standard Cell Ontology term used for mapping and comparing cells across experiments. Ensures consistency in analyzing cellular functions across tissues.
Fold Change: Represents the ratio of the current Cell Significance Index to the Cell Significance Index Threshold, indicating how much the gene expression has changed compared to a baseline.
Cell Significance Index: Reflects how strongly a gene is expressed in this cell type. Calculated using techniques like effect size estimation and bootstrapping for reliability.

Cell ID: Standard Cell Ontology term used for mapping and comparing cells across experiments. Ensures consistency in analyzing cellular functions across tissues.
Fold Change: Represents the ratio of the current Cell Significance Index to the Cell Significance Index Threshold, indicating how much the gene expression has changed compared to a baseline.
Cell Significance Index: Reflects how strongly a gene is expressed in this cell type. Calculated using techniques like effect size estimation and bootstrapping for reliability.

Other Information

**Key Characteristics** CASP6 exhibits the following key characteristics: 1. **Cysteine protease activity**: CASP6 is a cysteine protease, which means it uses cysteine residues to cleave peptide bonds in proteins. 2. **Apoptotic function**: CASP6 is specifically involved in the execution phase of apoptosis, where it cleaves cellular proteins to initiate the apoptotic cascade. 3. **Broad tissue expression**: CASP6 is widely expressed in various cell types, including epithelial cells, stem cells, and pro-T cells. 4. **Inducible by stress and DNA damage**: CASP6 is induced in response to cellular stress, DNA damage, and other apoptotic stimuli, indicating its role in responding to cellular stressors. 5. **Regulation by TP53**: CASP6 is transcriptionally regulated by TP53, a tumor suppressor protein that plays a central role in regulating cell growth, differentiation, and apoptosis. **Pathways and Functions** CASP6 is involved in several key pathways and functions, including: 1. **Activation of innate immune response**: CASP6 can activate the innate immune response by cleaving specific cellular proteins that trigger the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines. 2. **Apoptotic cleavage of cellular proteins**: CASP6 cleaves specific cellular proteins to initiate the apoptotic cascade, leading to the dismantling of cellular structures and the elimination of damaged or unwanted cells. 3. **Breakdown of the nuclear lamina**: CASP6 can cleave the nuclear lamina, a protein structure that provides structural support to the nucleus, leading to the disruption of nuclear architecture and the initiation of apoptosis. 4. **Caspase-mediated cleavage of cytoskeletal proteins**: CASP6 can cleave cytoskeletal proteins, leading to the disruption of cellular architecture and the induction of apoptosis. **Clinical Significance** Dysregulation of CASP6 has been implicated in several diseases, including: 1. **Cancer**: CASP6 can promote tumor progression and resistance to therapy by inducing apoptosis in healthy cells, allowing cancer cells to proliferate and survive. 2. **Neurodegenerative diseases**: CASP6 has been implicated in neurodegenerative diseases, such as Alzheimer's and Parkinson's, where it can contribute to the death of neurons and the progression of disease. 3. **Autoimmune diseases**: CASP6 can contribute to autoimmune diseases, such as rheumatoid arthritis and multiple sclerosis, by inducing apoptosis in healthy cells and promoting inflammation. In conclusion, CASP6 is a critical enzyme involved in the regulation of apoptosis and the innate immune response. Its dysregulation has been implicated in several diseases, highlighting the importance of understanding its role in normal cellular function and its potential as a therapeutic target.

Genular Protein ID: 721924699

Symbol: CASP6_HUMAN

Name: N/A

UniProtKB Accession Codes:

Database IDs:

Citations:

PubMed ID: 7796396

Title: Mch2, a new member of the apoptotic Ced-3/Ice cysteine protease gene family.

PubMed ID: 7796396

PubMed ID: 15489334

Title: The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC).

PubMed ID: 15489334

DOI: 10.1101/gr.2596504

PubMed ID: 8900201

Title: The Ced-3/interleukin 1beta converting enzyme-like homolog Mch6 and the lamin-cleaving enzyme Mch2alpha are substrates for the apoptotic mediator CPP32.

PubMed ID: 8900201

DOI: 10.1074/jbc.271.43.27099

PubMed ID: 8663580

Title: The CED-3/ICE-like protease Mch2 is activated during apoptosis and cleaves the death substrate lamin A.

PubMed ID: 8663580

PubMed ID: 9463409

Title: Caspases are activated in a branched protease cascade and control distinct downstream processes in Fas-induced apoptosis.

PubMed ID: 9463409

DOI: 10.1084/jem.187.4.587

PubMed ID: 10559921

Title: Apoptosis overrides survival signals through a caspase-mediated dominant-negative NF-kappa B loop.

PubMed ID: 10559921

DOI: 10.1038/12050

PubMed ID: 11953316

Title: Caspase-6 gene disruption reveals a requirement for lamin A cleavage in apoptotic chromatin condensation.

PubMed ID: 11953316

DOI: 10.1093/emboj/21.8.1967

PubMed ID: 14657026

Title: Critical loss of CBP/p300 histone acetylase activity by caspase-6 during neurodegeneration.

PubMed ID: 14657026

DOI: 10.1093/emboj/cdg615

PubMed ID: 15200957

Title: Dual role of BRUCE as an antiapoptotic IAP and a chimeric E2/E3 ubiquitin ligase.

PubMed ID: 15200957

DOI: 10.1016/j.molcel.2004.05.018

PubMed ID: 15273717

Title: Regulation of caspase-6 and FLIP by the AMPK family member ARK5.

PubMed ID: 15273717

DOI: 10.1038/sj.onc.1207963

PubMed ID: 16123779

Title: Caspase-1 activation of caspase-6 in human apoptotic neurons.

PubMed ID: 16123779

DOI: 10.1038/sj.cdd.4401753

PubMed ID: 17401638

Title: Apoptotic cleavage of NuMA at the C-terminal end is related to nuclear disruption and death amplification.

PubMed ID: 17401638

DOI: 10.1007/s11373-007-9165-3

PubMed ID: 18155731

Title: Cell type-specific cleavage of nucleocapsid protein by effector caspases during SARS coronavirus infection.

PubMed ID: 18155731

DOI: 10.1016/j.jmb.2007.11.081

PubMed ID: 19133298

Title: Self-activation of Caspase-6 in vitro and in vivo: Caspase-6 activation does not induce cell death in HEK293T cells.

PubMed ID: 19133298

DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamcr.2008.12.004

PubMed ID: 21269460

Title: Initial characterization of the human central proteome.

PubMed ID: 21269460

DOI: 10.1186/1752-0509-5-17

PubMed ID: 22858542

Title: Intrinsic cleavage of receptor-interacting protein kinase-1 by caspase-6.

PubMed ID: 22858542

DOI: 10.1038/cdd.2012.98

PubMed ID: 27032039

Title: Reprogramming caspase-7 specificity by regio-specific mutations and selection provides alternate solutions for substrate recognition.

PubMed ID: 27032039

DOI: 10.1021/acschembio.5b00971

PubMed ID: 27911442

Title: Palmitoylation of caspase-6 by HIP14 regulates its activation.

PubMed ID: 27911442

DOI: 10.1038/cdd.2016.139

PubMed ID: 28154009

Title: Caspase-6 undergoes a distinct helix-strand interconversion upon substrate binding.

PubMed ID: 28154009

DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m116.773499

PubMed ID: 28864531

Title: Multiple proteolytic events in caspase-6 self-activation impact conformations of discrete structural regions.

PubMed ID: 28864531

DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1704640114

PubMed ID: 30420425

Title: Tri-arginine exosite patch of caspase-6 recruits substrates for hydrolysis.

PubMed ID: 30420425

DOI: 10.1074/jbc.ra118.005914

PubMed ID: 32298652

Title: Caspase-6 is a key regulator of innate immunity, inflammasome activation, and host defense.

PubMed ID: 32298652

DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2020.03.040

PubMed ID: 32029622

Title: An AMPK-caspase-6 axis controls liver damage in nonalcoholic steatohepatitis.

PubMed ID: 32029622

DOI: 10.1126/science.aay0542

PubMed ID: 35922005

Title: Coronaviruses exploit a host cysteine-aspartic protease for replication.

PubMed ID: 35922005

DOI: 10.1038/s41586-022-05148-4

PubMed ID: 19694615

Title: The crystal structure of caspase-6, a selective effector of axonal degeneration.

PubMed ID: 19694615

DOI: 10.1042/bj20090540

PubMed ID: 20890311

Title: Crystal structures of human caspase 6 reveal a new mechanism for intramolecular cleavage self-activation.

PubMed ID: 20890311

DOI: 10.1038/embor.2010.141

PubMed ID: 22433863

Title: Inhibitory mechanism of caspase-6 phosphorylation revealed by crystal structures, molecular dynamics simulations, and biochemical assays.

PubMed ID: 22433863

DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m112.351213

PubMed ID: 23227217

Title: Mechanistic and structural understanding of uncompetitive inhibitors of caspase-6.

PubMed ID: 23227217

DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0050864

PubMed ID: 22483120

Title: Phosphorylation regulates assembly of the caspase-6 substrate-binding groove.

PubMed ID: 22483120

DOI: 10.1016/j.str.2012.02.003

Sequence Information:

  • Length: 293
  • Mass: 33310
  • Checksum: 0738AE4F9791EBD7
  • Sequence:
  • MSSASGLRRG HPAGGEENMT ETDAFYKREM FDPAEKYKMD HRRRGIALIF NHERFFWHLT 
    LPERRGTCAD RDNLTRRFSD LGFEVKCFND LKAEELLLKI HEVSTVSHAD ADCFVCVFLS 
    HGEGNHIYAY DAKIEIQTLT GLFKGDKCHS LVGKPKIFII QACRGNQHDV PVIPLDVVDN 
    QTEKLDTNIT EVDAASVYTL PAGADFLMCY SVAEGYYSHR ETVNGSWYIQ DLCEMLGKYG 
    SSLEFTELLT LVNRKVSQRR VDFCKDPSAI GKKQVPCFAS MLTKKLHFFP KSN

Database document:

This is a preview of the gene's schema. Only a few entries are kept for 'singleCellExpressions,' 'mRNAExpressions,' and other large data arrays for visualization purposes. You can zoom in with the mouse wheel for a closer view, and the text will adjust automatically if necessary. For the full schema, download it here.