Details for: CAT

Gene ID: 847

Symbol: CAT

Ensembl ID: ENSG00000121691

Description: catalase

Associated with

Cells (max top 100)

(Cell Significance Index and respective Thresholds are uniquely calculated using our advanced thresholding algorithms to reveal cell-specific gene markers)

  • Cell Name: smooth muscle fiber of ileum (CL1000278)
    Fold Change: 90.2096
    Cell Significance Index: -42.5900
  • Cell Name: mucosal type mast cell (CL0000485)
    Fold Change: 89.9430
    Cell Significance Index: -36.5400
  • Cell Name: peripheral blood mononuclear cell (CL2000001)
    Fold Change: 81.3398
    Cell Significance Index: -41.8400
  • Cell Name: ileal goblet cell (CL1000326)
    Fold Change: 63.5448
    Cell Significance Index: -42.6400
  • Cell Name: hematopoietic oligopotent progenitor cell (CL0002032)
    Fold Change: 43.5257
    Cell Significance Index: -11.0400
  • Cell Name: ciliated cell of the bronchus (CL0002332)
    Fold Change: 39.2043
    Cell Significance Index: -37.4300
  • Cell Name: CD8-alpha-beta-positive, alpha-beta intraepithelial T cell (CL0000796)
    Fold Change: 12.1880
    Cell Significance Index: -32.6500
  • Cell Name: orthochromatic erythroblast (CL0000552)
    Fold Change: 10.7546
    Cell Significance Index: -13.2600
  • Cell Name: stromal cell of bone marrow (CL0010001)
    Fold Change: 10.6106
    Cell Significance Index: -41.8700
  • Cell Name: CD8-positive, alpha-beta regulatory T cell (CL0000795)
    Fold Change: 9.3929
    Cell Significance Index: -28.8500
  • Cell Name: epidermal Langerhans cell (CL0002457)
    Fold Change: 5.8622
    Cell Significance Index: -12.8300
  • Cell Name: neutrophil progenitor cell (CL0000834)
    Fold Change: 5.1975
    Cell Significance Index: 139.0300
  • Cell Name: early promyelocyte (CL0002154)
    Fold Change: 4.7527
    Cell Significance Index: 30.3400
  • Cell Name: epithelial cell of pancreas (CL0000083)
    Fold Change: 4.3930
    Cell Significance Index: 72.3900
  • Cell Name: early pro-B cell (CL0002046)
    Fold Change: 3.0168
    Cell Significance Index: 194.6300
  • Cell Name: umbrella cell of urothelium (CL4030056)
    Fold Change: 2.4113
    Cell Significance Index: 22.2100
  • Cell Name: bladder urothelial cell (CL1001428)
    Fold Change: 2.3059
    Cell Significance Index: 119.7900
  • Cell Name: basal cell of urothelium (CL1000486)
    Fold Change: 1.6536
    Cell Significance Index: 203.3200
  • Cell Name: centrilobular region hepatocyte (CL0019029)
    Fold Change: 1.6043
    Cell Significance Index: 27.0300
  • Cell Name: tuft cell of colon (CL0009041)
    Fold Change: 1.4921
    Cell Significance Index: 1347.2600
  • Cell Name: intermediate cell of urothelium (CL4030055)
    Fold Change: 1.3912
    Cell Significance Index: 250.7900
  • Cell Name: basal cell of prostate epithelium (CL0002341)
    Fold Change: 1.2699
    Cell Significance Index: 34.5700
  • Cell Name: microfold cell of epithelium of small intestine (CL1000353)
    Fold Change: 1.2324
    Cell Significance Index: 85.2300
  • Cell Name: neoplastic cell (CL0001063)
    Fold Change: 1.2232
    Cell Significance Index: 242.7400
  • Cell Name: preadipocyte (CL0002334)
    Fold Change: 1.0842
    Cell Significance Index: 21.1600
  • Cell Name: stromal cell of ovary (CL0002132)
    Fold Change: 1.0564
    Cell Significance Index: 145.0800
  • Cell Name: gut absorptive cell (CL0000677)
    Fold Change: 1.0377
    Cell Significance Index: 62.3000
  • Cell Name: cardiac muscle myoblast (CL0000513)
    Fold Change: 0.9362
    Cell Significance Index: 71.8500
  • Cell Name: paneth cell of epithelium of small intestine (CL1000343)
    Fold Change: 0.8904
    Cell Significance Index: 19.2900
  • Cell Name: cell in vitro (CL0001034)
    Fold Change: 0.8221
    Cell Significance Index: 448.9500
  • Cell Name: acinar cell of salivary gland (CL0002623)
    Fold Change: 0.7541
    Cell Significance Index: 35.1600
  • Cell Name: adipocyte of breast (CL0002617)
    Fold Change: 0.7068
    Cell Significance Index: 8.9000
  • Cell Name: sebum secreting cell (CL0000317)
    Fold Change: 0.6785
    Cell Significance Index: 47.9900
  • Cell Name: late promyelocyte (CL0002151)
    Fold Change: 0.5916
    Cell Significance Index: 3.9300
  • Cell Name: fibroblast of dermis (CL0002551)
    Fold Change: 0.5456
    Cell Significance Index: 11.4200
  • Cell Name: progenitor cell of mammary luminal epithelium (CL0009116)
    Fold Change: 0.5044
    Cell Significance Index: 37.5900
  • Cell Name: hair follicular keratinocyte (CL2000092)
    Fold Change: 0.4824
    Cell Significance Index: 213.2700
  • Cell Name: odontoblast (CL0000060)
    Fold Change: 0.4779
    Cell Significance Index: 61.2600
  • Cell Name: lactocyte (CL0002325)
    Fold Change: 0.4642
    Cell Significance Index: 59.9700
  • Cell Name: tonsil germinal center B cell (CL2000006)
    Fold Change: 0.4598
    Cell Significance Index: 54.2300
  • Cell Name: pulmonary interstitial fibroblast (CL0002241)
    Fold Change: 0.4114
    Cell Significance Index: 2.5500
  • Cell Name: vascular lymphangioblast (CL0005022)
    Fold Change: 0.3845
    Cell Significance Index: 6.8000
  • Cell Name: peg cell (CL4033014)
    Fold Change: 0.3840
    Cell Significance Index: 8.8700
  • Cell Name: luminal adaptive secretory precursor cell of mammary gland (CL4033057)
    Fold Change: 0.3381
    Cell Significance Index: 15.8900
  • Cell Name: hepatoblast (CL0005026)
    Fold Change: 0.3264
    Cell Significance Index: 5.4900
  • Cell Name: enterocyte of epithelium of large intestine (CL0002071)
    Fold Change: 0.3146
    Cell Significance Index: 14.2600
  • Cell Name: basophilic erythroblast (CL0000549)
    Fold Change: 0.2964
    Cell Significance Index: 0.1400
  • Cell Name: L2/3-6 intratelencephalic projecting glutamatergic neuron (CL4023040)
    Fold Change: 0.2759
    Cell Significance Index: 55.3400
  • Cell Name: pancreatic acinar cell (CL0002064)
    Fold Change: 0.2721
    Cell Significance Index: 46.4700
  • Cell Name: periportal region hepatocyte (CL0019026)
    Fold Change: 0.2636
    Cell Significance Index: 3.8900
  • Cell Name: lung endothelial cell (CL1001567)
    Fold Change: 0.2436
    Cell Significance Index: 12.6900
  • Cell Name: CD14-positive, CD16-negative classical monocyte (CL0002057)
    Fold Change: 0.2294
    Cell Significance Index: 4.2400
  • Cell Name: enteroendocrine cell of colon (CL0009042)
    Fold Change: 0.1889
    Cell Significance Index: 35.9500
  • Cell Name: intestinal crypt stem cell of small intestine (CL0009017)
    Fold Change: 0.1679
    Cell Significance Index: 3.5700
  • Cell Name: cardiac muscle cell (CL0000746)
    Fold Change: 0.1544
    Cell Significance Index: 2.2800
  • Cell Name: colon goblet cell (CL0009039)
    Fold Change: 0.1219
    Cell Significance Index: 12.0600
  • Cell Name: pulmonary alveolar epithelial cell (CL0000322)
    Fold Change: 0.1139
    Cell Significance Index: 86.2200
  • Cell Name: cortical cell of adrenal gland (CL0002097)
    Fold Change: 0.1099
    Cell Significance Index: 2.9500
  • Cell Name: pancreatic ductal cell (CL0002079)
    Fold Change: 0.1048
    Cell Significance Index: 12.0100
  • Cell Name: epithelial cell of small intestine (CL0002254)
    Fold Change: 0.1026
    Cell Significance Index: 16.6800
  • Cell Name: kidney loop of Henle cortical thick ascending limb epithelial cell (CL1001109)
    Fold Change: 0.0948
    Cell Significance Index: 69.4900
  • Cell Name: conjunctival epithelial cell (CL1000432)
    Fold Change: 0.0755
    Cell Significance Index: 1.0300
  • Cell Name: forebrain neuroblast (CL1000042)
    Fold Change: 0.0674
    Cell Significance Index: 4.1400
  • Cell Name: small intestine goblet cell (CL1000495)
    Fold Change: 0.0546
    Cell Significance Index: 1.9200
  • Cell Name: placental villous trophoblast (CL2000060)
    Fold Change: 0.0142
    Cell Significance Index: 0.3800
  • Cell Name: mesenchymal cell (CL0008019)
    Fold Change: -0.0024
    Cell Significance Index: -0.0400
  • Cell Name: abnormal cell (CL0001061)
    Fold Change: -0.0026
    Cell Significance Index: -0.2700
  • Cell Name: pigmented epithelial cell (CL0000529)
    Fold Change: -0.0051
    Cell Significance Index: -9.6500
  • Cell Name: pro-T cell (CL0000827)
    Fold Change: -0.0090
    Cell Significance Index: -0.2300
  • Cell Name: anterior lens cell (CL0002223)
    Fold Change: -0.0171
    Cell Significance Index: -31.5900
  • Cell Name: pancreatic A cell (CL0000171)
    Fold Change: -0.0238
    Cell Significance Index: -17.6200
  • Cell Name: lens epithelial cell (CL0002224)
    Fold Change: -0.0259
    Cell Significance Index: -39.8600
  • Cell Name: pancreatic PP cell (CL0002275)
    Fold Change: -0.0275
    Cell Significance Index: -17.1600
  • Cell Name: secondary lens fiber (CL0002225)
    Fold Change: -0.0323
    Cell Significance Index: -43.9600
  • Cell Name: non-pigmented ciliary epithelial cell (CL0002304)
    Fold Change: -0.0445
    Cell Significance Index: -28.2600
  • Cell Name: GABAergic interneuron (CL0011005)
    Fold Change: -0.0480
    Cell Significance Index: -33.2300
  • Cell Name: ciliary muscle cell (CL1000443)
    Fold Change: -0.0532
    Cell Significance Index: -24.1300
  • Cell Name: type B pancreatic cell (CL0000169)
    Fold Change: -0.0538
    Cell Significance Index: -30.3300
  • Cell Name: basal epithelial cell of tracheobronchial tree (CL0002329)
    Fold Change: -0.0769
    Cell Significance Index: -2.1500
  • Cell Name: mesonephric nephron tubule epithelial cell (CL1000022)
    Fold Change: -0.0846
    Cell Significance Index: -2.9400
  • Cell Name: pigmented ciliary epithelial cell (CL0002303)
    Fold Change: -0.0927
    Cell Significance Index: -13.4700
  • Cell Name: obsolete caudal ganglionic eminence derived GABAergic cortical interneuron (CL4023070)
    Fold Change: -0.1030
    Cell Significance Index: -36.9500
  • Cell Name: pancreatic D cell (CL0000173)
    Fold Change: -0.1113
    Cell Significance Index: -23.4400
  • Cell Name: dopaminergic neuron (CL0000700)
    Fold Change: -0.1119
    Cell Significance Index: -32.2000
  • Cell Name: epithelial cell of stomach (CL0002178)
    Fold Change: -0.1397
    Cell Significance Index: -16.2800
  • Cell Name: kidney loop of Henle descending limb epithelial cell (CL1001021)
    Fold Change: -0.1538
    Cell Significance Index: -12.1800
  • Cell Name: kidney cell (CL1000497)
    Fold Change: -0.1904
    Cell Significance Index: -1.5200
  • Cell Name: transit amplifying cell of colon (CL0009011)
    Fold Change: -0.2017
    Cell Significance Index: -6.4600
  • Cell Name: skeletal muscle fiber (CL0008002)
    Fold Change: -0.2276
    Cell Significance Index: -5.8500
  • Cell Name: pancreatic endocrine cell (CL0008024)
    Fold Change: -0.2364
    Cell Significance Index: -26.9800
  • Cell Name: granulosa cell (CL0000501)
    Fold Change: -0.2704
    Cell Significance Index: -7.1100
  • Cell Name: retinal progenitor cell (CL0002672)
    Fold Change: -0.2907
    Cell Significance Index: -16.3200
  • Cell Name: enteroendocrine cell of small intestine (CL0009006)
    Fold Change: -0.3204
    Cell Significance Index: -8.0100
  • Cell Name: hippocampal granule cell (CL0001033)
    Fold Change: -0.3412
    Cell Significance Index: -22.9400
  • Cell Name: microcirculation associated smooth muscle cell (CL0008035)
    Fold Change: -0.3750
    Cell Significance Index: -3.1500
  • Cell Name: CD4-positive, alpha-beta memory T cell, CD45RO-positive (CL0001204)
    Fold Change: -0.3798
    Cell Significance Index: -11.1600
  • Cell Name: smooth muscle cell of sphincter of pupil (CL0002243)
    Fold Change: -0.3844
    Cell Significance Index: -40.0300
  • Cell Name: eye photoreceptor cell (CL0000287)
    Fold Change: -0.4697
    Cell Significance Index: -29.6100
  • Cell Name: indirect pathway medium spiny neuron (CL4023029)
    Fold Change: -0.4852
    Cell Significance Index: -21.4600
  • Cell Name: direct pathway medium spiny neuron (CL4023026)
    Fold Change: -0.5709
    Cell Significance Index: -21.6200

Cell ID: Standard Cell Ontology term used for mapping and comparing cells across experiments. Ensures consistency in analyzing cellular functions across tissues.
Fold Change: Represents the ratio of the current Cell Significance Index to the Cell Significance Index Threshold, indicating how much the gene expression has changed compared to a baseline.
Cell Significance Index: Reflects how strongly a gene is expressed in this specific cell.

Cell ID: Standard Cell Ontology term used for mapping and comparing cells across experiments. Ensures consistency in analyzing cellular functions across tissues.
Fold Change: Represents the ratio of the current Cell Significance Index to the Cell Significance Index Threshold, indicating how much the gene expression has changed compared to a baseline.
Cell Significance Index: Reflects how strongly a gene is expressed in this cell type. Calculated using techniques like effect size estimation and bootstrapping for reliability.

Cell ID: Standard Cell Ontology term used for mapping and comparing cells across experiments. Ensures consistency in analyzing cellular functions across tissues.
Fold Change: Represents the ratio of the current Cell Significance Index to the Cell Significance Index Threshold, indicating how much the gene expression has changed compared to a baseline.
Cell Significance Index: Reflects how strongly a gene is expressed in this cell type. Calculated using techniques like effect size estimation and bootstrapping for reliability.

Other Information

**Key Characteristics:** 1. **Enzyme Function:** Catalase is a peroxidase enzyme that catalyzes the decomposition of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) into water (H2O) and oxygen (O2). This reaction is essential for maintaining cellular redox balance and preventing oxidative damage. 2. **Subcellular Localization:** Catalase is primarily found in the cytosol, where it is able to interact with hydrogen peroxide and neutralize it. 3. **Regulation:** Catalase is regulated by various factors, including transcriptional and post-transcriptional mechanisms, which ensure its expression is tightly controlled in response to changes in oxidative stress levels. 4. **Cellular Expression:** Catalase is expressed in a wide range of cell types, including hematopoietic stem cells, erythroid progenitor cells, pneumocytes, and kidney cells, highlighting its importance in maintaining cellular homeostasis. **Pathways and Functions:** 1. **Aerobic Respiration:** Catalase plays a crucial role in the aerobic respiration pathway by regulating the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and maintaining the balance between ROS production and scavenging. 2. **Antioxidant Activity:** Catalase is a key player in the antioxidant defense system, neutralizing hydrogen peroxide and other ROS to prevent oxidative damage to cellular components. 3. **Cytosolic Defense:** Catalase is involved in the cytosolic defense mechanism, protecting the cell against oxidative stress by neutralizing hydrogen peroxide and other ROS. 4. **Cellular Response to Stimuli:** Catalase is regulated by various stimuli, including changes in oxidative stress levels, and plays a crucial role in the cellular response to oxidative stress. **Clinical Significance:** 1. **Cancer:** Catalase has been implicated in cancer development and progression, as it can protect cancer cells from oxidative stress and promote tumor growth. 2. **Neurodegenerative Diseases:** Catalase has been linked to neurodegenerative diseases, such as Alzheimer's and Parkinson's, where oxidative stress plays a key role in disease progression. 3. **Cardiovascular Disease:** Catalase has been implicated in cardiovascular disease, where oxidative stress can contribute to the development of atherosclerosis and cardiovascular disease. 4. **Infectious Diseases:** Catalase has been shown to play a role in the immune response to infections, where it helps to neutralize ROS and prevent oxidative damage to host cells. In conclusion, the catalase gene is a crucial player in maintaining cellular homeostasis and protecting cells against oxidative stress. Its dysregulation has been implicated in various diseases, highlighting the importance of understanding the role of catalase in human health and disease.

Genular Protein ID: 3147539547

Symbol: CATA_HUMAN

Name: Catalase

UniProtKB Accession Codes:

Database IDs:

Citations:

PubMed ID: 3755525

Title: Isolation and characterization of the human catalase gene.

PubMed ID: 3755525

DOI: 10.1093/nar/14.13.5321

PubMed ID: 3755526

Title: cDNA sequence coding for human kidney catalase.

PubMed ID: 3755526

PubMed ID: 11728823

Title: Transduction of human catalase mediated by an HIV-1 TAT protein basic domain and arginine-rich peptides into mammalian cells.

PubMed ID: 11728823

DOI: 10.1016/s0891-5849(01)00734-1

PubMed ID: 14702039

Title: Complete sequencing and characterization of 21,243 full-length human cDNAs.

PubMed ID: 14702039

DOI: 10.1038/ng1285

PubMed ID: 16554811

Title: Human chromosome 11 DNA sequence and analysis including novel gene identification.

PubMed ID: 16554811

DOI: 10.1038/nature04632

PubMed ID: 15489334

Title: The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC).

PubMed ID: 15489334

DOI: 10.1101/gr.2596504

PubMed ID: 8282800

Title: Vulnerability of the human airway epithelium to hyperoxia. Constitutive expression of the catalase gene in human bronchial epithelial cells despite oxidant stress.

PubMed ID: 8282800

DOI: 10.1172/jci116959

PubMed ID: 12665801

Title: Exploring proteomes and analyzing protein processing by mass spectrometric identification of sorted N-terminal peptides.

PubMed ID: 12665801

DOI: 10.1038/nbt810

PubMed ID: 7882369

Title: A human erythrocyte-derived growth-promoting factor with a wide target cell spectrum: identification as catalase.

PubMed ID: 7882369

PubMed ID: 6548744

Title: Isolation of human fibroblast catalase cDNA clones. Sequence of clones derived from spliced and unspliced mRNA.

PubMed ID: 6548744

DOI: 10.1016/s0021-9258(18)89819-2

PubMed ID: 2308162

Title: Molecular analysis of human acatalasemia. Identification of a splicing mutation.

PubMed ID: 2308162

DOI: 10.1016/0022-2836(90)90359-t

PubMed ID: 8769411

Title: Targeting of human catalase to peroxisomes is dependent upon a novel COOH-terminal peroxisomal targeting sequence.

PubMed ID: 8769411

DOI: 10.1083/jcb.134.4.849

PubMed ID: 18088087

Title: Phosphoproteome of resting human platelets.

PubMed ID: 18088087

DOI: 10.1021/pr0704130

PubMed ID: 19608861

Title: Lysine acetylation targets protein complexes and co-regulates major cellular functions.

PubMed ID: 19608861

DOI: 10.1126/science.1175371

PubMed ID: 21269460

Title: Initial characterization of the human central proteome.

PubMed ID: 21269460

DOI: 10.1186/1752-0509-5-17

PubMed ID: 21976670

Title: PEX5 protein binds monomeric catalase blocking its tetramerization and releases it upon binding the N-terminal domain of PEX14.

PubMed ID: 21976670

DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m111.287201

PubMed ID: 23186163

Title: Toward a comprehensive characterization of a human cancer cell phosphoproteome.

PubMed ID: 23186163

DOI: 10.1021/pr300630k

PubMed ID: 24275569

Title: An enzyme assisted RP-RPLC approach for in-depth analysis of human liver phosphoproteome.

PubMed ID: 24275569

DOI: 10.1016/j.jprot.2013.11.014

PubMed ID: 25944712

Title: N-terminome analysis of the human mitochondrial proteome.

PubMed ID: 25944712

DOI: 10.1002/pmic.201400617

PubMed ID: 10666617

Title: Structure of human erythrocyte catalase.

PubMed ID: 10666617

DOI: 10.1107/s0907444999015930

PubMed ID: 10656833

Title: Active and inhibited human catalase structures: ligand and NADPH binding and catalytic mechanism.

PubMed ID: 10656833

DOI: 10.1006/jmbi.1999.3458

PubMed ID: 11134921

Title: Structure of tetragonal crystals of human erythrocyte catalase.

PubMed ID: 11134921

DOI: 10.1107/s0907444900013767

Sequence Information:

  • Length: 527
  • Mass: 59756
  • Checksum: 7BAA2394D124ED20
  • Sequence:
  • MADSRDPASD QMQHWKEQRA AQKADVLTTG AGNPVGDKLN VITVGPRGPL LVQDVVFTDE 
    MAHFDRERIP ERVVHAKGAG AFGYFEVTHD ITKYSKAKVF EHIGKKTPIA VRFSTVAGES 
    GSADTVRDPR GFAVKFYTED GNWDLVGNNT PIFFIRDPIL FPSFIHSQKR NPQTHLKDPD 
    MVWDFWSLRP ESLHQVSFLF SDRGIPDGHR HMNGYGSHTF KLVNANGEAV YCKFHYKTDQ 
    GIKNLSVEDA ARLSQEDPDY GIRDLFNAIA TGKYPSWTFY IQVMTFNQAE TFPFNPFDLT 
    KVWPHKDYPL IPVGKLVLNR NPVNYFAEVE QIAFDPSNMP PGIEASPDKM LQGRLFAYPD 
    THRHRLGPNY LHIPVNCPYR ARVANYQRDG PMCMQDNQGG APNYYPNSFG APEQQPSALE 
    HSIQYSGEVR RFNTANDDNV TQVRAFYVNV LNEEQRKRLC ENIAGHLKDA QIFIQKKAVK 
    NFTEVHPDYG SHIQALLDKY NAEKPKNAIH TFVQSGSHLA AREKANL

Database document:

This is a preview of the gene's schema. Only a few entries are kept for 'singleCellExpressions,' 'mRNAExpressions,' and other large data arrays for visualization purposes. You can zoom in with the mouse wheel for a closer view, and the text will adjust automatically if necessary. For the full schema, download it here.