Details for: PKP4

Gene ID: 8502

Gene Type:  Protein-coding  - A gene that serves as a template for producing a messenger RNA (mRNA) molecule, which is then translated into a functional protein.

Symbol: PKP4

Ensembl ID: ENSG00000144283

Description: plakophilin 4

Cell Significance Landscape

Associated with

Significant Cells

Cell Significance Index (CSI) scores for the chosen context(s)

  • pvalb GABAergic cortical interneuron CL4023018
    CSI 49.06
    rCSI 61.03%
    PRS 52.43
  • lamp5 GABAergic cortical interneuron CL4023011
    CSI 43.32
    rCSI 72.72%
    PRS 54.45
  • sst GABAergic cortical interneuron CL4023017
    CSI 38.73
    rCSI 49.93%
    PRS 55.75
  • sncg GABAergic cortical interneuron CL4023015
    CSI 38.7
    rCSI 62.24%
    PRS 56.21
  • kidney loop of Henle thin descending limb epithelial cell CL1001111
    CSI 38.12
    rCSI 54.03%
    PRS 69.43
  • caudal ganglionic eminence derived cortical interneuron CL4023064
    CSI 37.26
    rCSI 65.8%
    PRS 53.56
  • cerebral cortex endothelial cell CL1001602
    CSI 35.26
    rCSI 60.99%
    PRS 63.66
  • VIP GABAergic cortical interneuron CL4023016
    CSI 31.79
    rCSI 37.97%
    PRS 54.31
  • L2/3-6 intratelencephalic projecting glutamatergic neuron CL4023040
    CSI 28.51
    rCSI 69.3%
    PRS 52.68
  • glioblast CL0000030
    CSI 25.13
    rCSI 40.09%
    PRS 64.77
  • fallopian tube secretory epithelial cell CL4030006
    CSI 25.07
    rCSI 24.13%
    PRS 72.69
  • L2/3 intratelencephalic projecting glutamatergic neuron CL4030059
    CSI 25.05
    rCSI 54.35%
    PRS 60.56
  • L6b glutamatergic cortical neuron CL4023038
    CSI 23.54
    rCSI 73.57%
    PRS 56.22
  • chandelier pvalb GABAergic cortical interneuron CL4023036
    CSI 23.4
    rCSI 73.19%
    PRS 58.68
  • lung secretory cell CL1000272
    CSI 21.53
    rCSI 53.29%
    PRS 72.28
  • L4 intratelencephalic projecting glutamatergic neuron CL4030063
    CSI 20.45
    rCSI 48.91%
    PRS 59.68
  • retinal blood vessel endothelial cell CL0002585
    CSI 20.06
    rCSI 32.03%
    PRS 76.92
  • neuroblast (sensu Nematoda and Protostomia) CL0000338
    CSI 19.92
    rCSI 23.01%
    PRS 65.32
  • Mueller cell CL0000636
    CSI 19.73
    rCSI 45.02%
    PRS 64.33
  • conjunctival epithelial cell CL1000432
    CSI 19.58
    rCSI 29.91%
    PRS 73.68
  • near-projecting glutamatergic cortical neuron CL4023012
    CSI 19.5
    rCSI 73.69%
    PRS 54.9
  • L5 extratelencephalic projecting glutamatergic cortical neuron CL4023041
    CSI 19.36
    rCSI 69.66%
    PRS 52.53
  • neural cell CL0002319
    CSI 18.39
    rCSI 69.39%
    PRS 56.33
  • parietal epithelial cell CL1000452
    CSI 18.33
    rCSI 48.98%
    PRS 64.11
  • interneuron CL0000099
    CSI 18.32
    rCSI 36.79%
    PRS 62.57
  • kidney connecting tubule epithelial cell CL1000768
    CSI 18.12
    rCSI 45.95%
    PRS 62.93
  • neuron CL0000540
    CSI 17.65
    rCSI 47.01%
    PRS 60.93
  • radial glial cell CL0000681
    CSI 17.43
    rCSI 24.21%
    PRS 71.72
  • L5/6 near-projecting glutamatergic neuron CL4030067
    CSI 17.33
    rCSI 56.95%
    PRS 59.42
  • oligodendrocyte precursor cell CL0002453
    CSI 17.33
    rCSI 38.13%
    PRS 56.28
  • keratinocyte CL0000312
    CSI 15.65
    rCSI 13.12%
    PRS 76.41
  • differentiation-committed oligodendrocyte precursor CL4023059
    CSI 15.65
    rCSI 28.44%
    PRS 64.13
  • hepatocyte CL0000182
    CSI 15.37
    rCSI 27.5%
    PRS 72.44
  • oligodendrocyte CL0000128
    CSI 15.2
    rCSI 44.92%
    PRS 62.65
  • lung pericyte CL0009089
    CSI 14.39
    rCSI 37.99%
    PRS 81.17
  • epithelial cell of proximal tubule CL0002306
    CSI 14.36
    rCSI 35.06%
    PRS 66.03
  • chondrocyte CL0000138
    CSI 14.23
    rCSI 22.63%
    PRS 65.75
  • retinal bipolar neuron CL0000748
    CSI 13.75
    rCSI 25.75%
    PRS 61.04
  • blood vessel endothelial cell CL0000071
    CSI 13.57
    rCSI 28.15%
    PRS 70.07
  • adipocyte CL0000136
    CSI 13.5
    rCSI 17.34%
    PRS 63.81
  • melanocyte CL0000148
    CSI 13.32
    rCSI 9.86%
    PRS 66.02
  • acinar cell CL0000622
    CSI 13.22
    rCSI 19.39%
    PRS 83.57
  • choroid plexus epithelial cell CL0000706
    CSI 13.17
    rCSI 21.57%
    PRS 62.19
  • stem cell CL0000034
    CSI 13.12
    rCSI 12.65%
    PRS 65.31
  • vascular leptomeningeal cell CL4023051
    CSI 12.69
    rCSI 22.25%
    PRS 65.83
  • erythroblast CL0000765
    CSI 12.63
    rCSI 33.51%
    PRS 80.89
  • renal principal cell CL0005009
    CSI 12.48
    rCSI 32.43%
    PRS 75.07
  • secretory cell CL0000151
    CSI 12.47
    rCSI 13.01%
    PRS 72.85
  • ionocyte CL0005006
    CSI 12.43
    rCSI 13.33%
    PRS 73.69
  • hepatic stellate cell CL0000632
    CSI 12.37
    rCSI 46.34%
    PRS 65.15
  • Schwann cell CL0002573
    CSI 12.23
    rCSI 34.76%
    PRS 69.62
  • corticothalamic-projecting glutamatergic cortical neuron CL4023013
    CSI 12.08
    rCSI 71.16%
    PRS 55.41
  • rod bipolar cell CL0000751
    CSI 11.97
    rCSI 21.51%
    PRS 66.22
  • neural crest cell CL0011012
    CSI 11.85
    rCSI 9.37%
    PRS 60.64
  • ependymal cell CL0000065
    CSI 11.61
    rCSI 23.56%
    PRS 51.3
  • GABAergic amacrine cell CL4030027
    CSI 11.29
    rCSI 38.67%
    PRS 60.31
  • inhibitory interneuron CL0000498
    CSI 11.19
    rCSI 25.83%
    PRS 61.07
  • retinal cone cell CL0000573
    CSI 11.17
    rCSI 17.97%
    PRS 62.66
  • kidney interstitial alternatively activated macrophage CL1000695
    CSI 11.12
    rCSI 28.98%
    PRS 73.52
  • cerebral cortex neuron CL0010012
    CSI 10.77
    rCSI 43.89%
    PRS 65.58
  • intermediate monocyte CL0002393
    CSI 10.37
    rCSI 15.65%
    PRS 78.27
  • ciliated cell CL0000064
    CSI 10.36
    rCSI 16.79%
    PRS 68.73
  • kidney collecting duct principal cell CL1001431
    CSI 10.15
    rCSI 51.11%
    PRS 71.41
  • myoepithelial cell CL0000185
    CSI 9.52
    rCSI 24.09%
    PRS 79.37
  • BEST4+ enteroycte CL4030026
    CSI 9.42
    rCSI 11.72%
    PRS 74.51
  • ciliated epithelial cell CL0000067
    CSI 9.39
    rCSI 8.25%
    PRS 61.51
  • kidney loop of Henle thin ascending limb epithelial cell CL1001107
    CSI 9.38
    rCSI 24.26%
    PRS 68.1
  • basophil CL0000767
    CSI 9.21
    rCSI 19.49%
    PRS 86.47
  • astrocyte of the cerebral cortex CL0002605
    CSI 8.97
    rCSI 20.1%
    PRS 55.04
  • central nervous system neuron CL2000029
    CSI 8.85
    rCSI 65.09%
    PRS 59.94
  • cerebellar granule cell CL0001031
    CSI 8.77
    rCSI 12.89%
    PRS 65.97
  • retinal ganglion cell CL0000740
    CSI 8.58
    rCSI 18.96%
    PRS 58.8
  • fibroblast of lung CL0002553
    CSI 8.52
    rCSI 7.93%
    PRS 73.95
  • myofibroblast cell CL0000186
    CSI 8.44
    rCSI 11.69%
    PRS 71.72
  • brush cell of tracheobronchial tree CL0002075
    CSI 8.23
    rCSI 24.43%
    PRS 82.36
  • fibroblast of cardiac tissue CL0002548
    CSI 8.09
    rCSI 38.77%
    PRS 73.02
  • cardiac blood vessel endothelial cell CL0010006
    CSI 8.05
    rCSI 56.92%
    PRS 65.87
  • basal cell CL0000646
    CSI 7.96
    rCSI 10.65%
    PRS 72.55
  • nasal mucosa goblet cell CL0002480
    CSI 7.93
    rCSI 9.2%
    PRS 78.66
  • mononuclear phagocyte CL0000113
    CSI 7.81
    rCSI 17.2%
    PRS 77.24
  • centrilobular region hepatocyte CL0019029
    CSI 7.64
    rCSI 19.92%
    PRS 73.39
  • endothelial cell of vascular tree CL0002139
    CSI 7.45
    rCSI 40.76%
    PRS 70.42
  • periportal region hepatocyte CL0019026
    CSI 7.39
    rCSI 28.75%
    PRS 74.62
  • Kupffer cell CL0000091
    CSI 7.32
    rCSI 16.73%
    PRS 73.79
  • neutrophil CL0000775
    CSI 7.32
    rCSI 40.93%
    PRS 76.66
  • glutamatergic neuron CL0000679
    CSI 7.17
    rCSI 14.73%
    PRS 61.33
  • podocyte CL0000653
    CSI 7.01
    rCSI 31.17%
    PRS 73.43
  • diffuse bipolar 3b cell CL4033030
    CSI 7.01
    rCSI 46.53%
    PRS 68.8
  • midzonal region hepatocyte CL0019028
    CSI 6.86
    rCSI 16.09%
    PRS 74.68
  • S cone cell CL0003050
    CSI 6.76
    rCSI 29.69%
    PRS 68.86
  • transit amplifying cell of colon CL0009011
    CSI 6.74
    rCSI 7.91%
    PRS 75.12
  • cardiac endothelial cell CL0010008
    CSI 6.67
    rCSI 26.9%
    PRS 72.42
  • glycinergic amacrine cell CL4030028
    CSI 6.64
    rCSI 17.31%
    PRS 68.81
  • regular ventricular cardiac myocyte CL0002131
    CSI 6.53
    rCSI 40.81%
    PRS 64.68
  • medium spiny neuron CL1001474
    CSI 6.44
    rCSI 55.53%
    PRS 60.22
  • alveolar type 1 fibroblast cell CL4028004
    CSI 6.4
    rCSI 7.01%
    PRS 75.93
  • endothelial cell of pericentral hepatic sinusoid CL0019022
    CSI 6.35
    rCSI 19.55%
    PRS 78.79
  • dopaminergic neuron CL0000700
    CSI 6.32
    rCSI 35.73%
    PRS 58.55
  • invaginating midget bipolar cell CL4033034
    CSI 6.26
    rCSI 36.99%
    PRS 66.03
  • renal interstitial pericyte CL1001318
    CSI 6.16
    rCSI 16.99%
    PRS 68.05
  • prostate gland microvascular endothelial cell CL2000059
    CSI 0.3
    rCSI 7.6%
    PRS 84.8%
  • mesenchymal cell CL0008019
    CSI 0.8
    rCSI 2.0%
    PRS 66.7%
  • luminal cell of prostate epithelium CL0002340
    CSI 0.8
    rCSI 4.2%
    PRS 82.3%
  • fibroblast of breast CL4006000
    CSI 0.8
    rCSI 3.3%
    PRS 81.1%
  • kidney loop of Henle epithelial cell CL1000909
    CSI 0.9
    rCSI 18.9%
    PRS 91.8%
  • pancreatic ductal cell CL0002079
    CSI 0.9
    rCSI 1.8%
    PRS 76.4%
  • endothelial cell of uterus CL0009095
    CSI 1.0
    rCSI 7.0%
    PRS 84.4%
  • bronchial goblet cell CL1000312
    CSI 1.1
    rCSI 4.3%
    PRS 83.9%
  • vein endothelial cell of respiratory system CL4033008
    CSI 1.1
    rCSI 7.4%
    PRS 82.3%
  • keratocyte CL0002363
    CSI 1.2
    rCSI 2.8%
    PRS 78.1%
  • epicardial adipocyte CL1000309
    CSI 1.2
    rCSI 4.0%
    PRS 71.6%
  • CD14-low, CD16-positive monocyte CL0002396
    CSI 1.3
    rCSI 1.0%
    PRS 75.3%
  • OFF-bipolar cell CL0000750
    CSI 1.3
    rCSI 1.8%
    PRS 76.9%
  • squamous epithelial cell CL0000076
    CSI 1.3
    rCSI 3.2%
    PRS 75.0%
  • corneal epithelial cell CL0000575
    CSI 1.3
    rCSI 3.8%
    PRS 82.1%
  • glial cell CL0000125
    CSI 1.5
    rCSI 5.5%
    PRS 63.5%
  • enterocyte of epithelium of large intestine CL0002071
    CSI 1.5
    rCSI 8.0%
    PRS 80.4%
  • basal-myoepithelial cell of mammary gland CL0002324
    CSI 1.5
    rCSI 2.9%
    PRS 86.8%
  • transit amplifying cell of small intestine CL0009012
    CSI 1.6
    rCSI 7.0%
    PRS 83.8%
  • paneth cell CL0000510
    CSI 1.6
    rCSI 2.4%
    PRS 85.4%
  • midbrain dopaminergic neuron CL2000097
    CSI 1.7
    rCSI 10.6%
    PRS 71.8%
  • tendon cell CL0000388
    CSI 1.7
    rCSI 4.3%
    PRS 83.2%
  • tracheal goblet cell CL1000329
    CSI 1.7
    rCSI 3.6%
    PRS 82.5%
  • diffuse bipolar 3a cell CL4033029
    CSI 1.7
    rCSI 11.5%
    PRS 67.2%
  • luminal epithelial cell of mammary gland CL0002326
    CSI 1.7
    rCSI 3.1%
    PRS 85.5%
  • type EC enteroendocrine cell CL0000577
    CSI 1.7
    rCSI 6.1%
    PRS 79.1%
  • cardiac muscle cell CL0000746
    CSI 1.8
    rCSI 2.5%
    PRS 62.5%
  • pancreatic A cell CL0000171
    CSI 1.8
    rCSI 1.8%
    PRS 76.5%
  • macroglial cell CL0000126
    CSI 1.9
    rCSI 4.8%
    PRS 70.8%
  • neuroplacodal cell CL0000032
    CSI 1.9
    rCSI 17.6%
    PRS 77.7%
  • neuroendocrine cell CL0000165
    CSI 1.9
    rCSI 7.5%
    PRS 84.2%
  • endothelial cell of arteriole CL1000412
    CSI 2.0
    rCSI 11.1%
    PRS 84.5%
  • respiratory suprabasal cell CL4033048
    CSI 2.1
    rCSI 2.7%
    PRS 77.0%
  • H2 horizontal cell CL0004218
    CSI 2.2
    rCSI 10.8%
    PRS 68.7%
  • starburst amacrine cell CL0004232
    CSI 2.2
    rCSI 18.4%
    PRS 62.6%
  • ON parasol ganglion cell CL4033052
    CSI 2.2
    rCSI 31.4%
    PRS 63.9%
  • endothelial cell of placenta CL0009092
    CSI 2.3
    rCSI 11.1%
    PRS 82.5%
  • enteroglial cell CL4040002
    CSI 2.3
    rCSI 12.1%
    PRS 75.9%
  • ON midget ganglion cell CL4033046
    CSI 2.3
    rCSI 47.2%
    PRS 63.0%
  • acinar cell of salivary gland CL0002623
    CSI 2.4
    rCSI 56.2%
    PRS 87.7%
  • mucus secreting cell CL0000319
    CSI 2.4
    rCSI 3.9%
    PRS 82.8%
  • stromal cell CL0000499
    CSI 2.5
    rCSI 7.1%
    PRS 68.7%
  • OFF midget ganglion cell CL4033047
    CSI 2.6
    rCSI 51.9%
    PRS 64.3%
  • diffuse bipolar 1 cell CL4033027
    CSI 2.7
    rCSI 20.0%
    PRS 65.2%
  • cerebellar neuron CL1001611
    CSI 2.7
    rCSI 23.7%
    PRS 61.4%
  • plasmacytoid dendritic cell, human CL0001058
    CSI 2.7
    rCSI 1.9%
    PRS 76.2%
  • club cell CL0000158
    CSI 2.8
    rCSI 4.0%
    PRS 67.9%
  • paneth cell of epithelium of small intestine CL1000343
    CSI 2.8
    rCSI 7.8%
    PRS 82.1%
  • pancreatic acinar cell CL0002064
    CSI 2.9
    rCSI 3.8%
    PRS 79.2%
  • indirect pathway medium spiny neuron CL4023029
    CSI 3.0
    rCSI 71.3%
    PRS 53.8%
  • direct pathway medium spiny neuron CL4023026
    CSI 3.0
    rCSI 71.5%
    PRS 53.2%
  • ciliated columnar cell of tracheobronchial tree CL0002145
    CSI 3.1
    rCSI 7.0%
    PRS 67.9%
  • endothelial cell of venule CL1000414
    CSI 3.3
    rCSI 29.2%
    PRS 84.3%
  • mature T cell CL0002419
    CSI 3.3
    rCSI 2.6%
    PRS 88.7%
  • CD14-positive monocyte CL0001054
    CSI 3.4
    rCSI 4.2%
    PRS 83.1%
  • macula densa epithelial cell CL1000850
    CSI 3.4
    rCSI 48.5%
    PRS 80.2%
  • diffuse bipolar 6 cell CL4033032
    CSI 3.4
    rCSI 17.9%
    PRS 65.7%
  • common myeloid progenitor CL0000049
    CSI 3.5
    rCSI 2.8%
    PRS 75.2%
  • diffuse bipolar 2 cell CL4033028
    CSI 3.5
    rCSI 27.5%
    PRS 68.1%
  • intestinal crypt stem cell of small intestine CL0009017
    CSI 3.6
    rCSI 9.7%
    PRS 79.1%
  • basket cell CL0000118
    CSI 3.6
    rCSI 22.8%
    PRS 55.2%
  • intestinal tuft cell CL0019032
    CSI 4.0
    rCSI 6.2%
    PRS 77.4%
  • kidney distal convoluted tubule epithelial cell CL1000849
    CSI 4.1
    rCSI 43.0%
    PRS 70.2%
  • brain vascular cell CL4023072
    CSI 4.1
    rCSI 42.1%
    PRS 67.4%
  • lung ciliated cell CL1000271
    CSI 4.1
    rCSI 4.7%
    PRS 64.5%
  • cardiac neuron CL0010022
    CSI 4.1
    rCSI 13.1%
    PRS 70.2%
  • regular atrial cardiac myocyte CL0002129
    CSI 4.1
    rCSI 13.3%
    PRS 70.6%
  • M cell of gut CL0000682
    CSI 4.3
    rCSI 4.6%
    PRS 80.0%
  • duct epithelial cell CL0000068
    CSI 4.4
    rCSI 6.4%
    PRS 78.1%
  • lung neuroendocrine cell CL1000223
    CSI 4.4
    rCSI 6.5%
    PRS 77.9%
  • OFFx cell CL4033036
    CSI 4.4
    rCSI 20.7%
    PRS 66.5%
  • serotonergic neuron CL0000850
    CSI 4.5
    rCSI 19.9%
    PRS 56.9%
  • multi-ciliated epithelial cell CL0005012
    CSI 4.5
    rCSI 4.5%
    PRS 66.7%
  • amacrine cell CL0000561
    CSI 4.5
    rCSI 13.1%
    PRS 62.2%
  • Bergmann glial cell CL0000644
    CSI 4.5
    rCSI 6.2%
    PRS 65.2%
  • alveolar adventitial fibroblast CL4028006
    CSI 4.6
    rCSI 7.2%
    PRS 75.1%
  • cholangiocyte CL1000488
    CSI 4.6
    rCSI 27.4%
    PRS 76.9%
  • goblet cell CL0000160
    CSI 4.6
    rCSI 4.4%
    PRS 72.3%
  • alveolar macrophage CL0000583
    CSI 4.7
    rCSI 7.7%
    PRS 78.1%
  • endocardial cell CL0002350
    CSI 4.7
    rCSI 22.6%
    PRS 70.5%
  • epithelial cell of lung CL0000082
    CSI 4.9
    rCSI 4.0%
    PRS 73.4%
  • respiratory basal cell CL0002633
    CSI 4.9
    rCSI 5.1%
    PRS 78.2%
  • granulocyte CL0000094
    CSI 4.9
    rCSI 7.5%
    PRS 81.6%
  • kidney loop of Henle thick ascending limb epithelial cell CL1001106
    CSI 5.0
    rCSI 43.1%
    PRS 68.8%
  • GABAergic neuron CL0000617
    CSI 5.0
    rCSI 16.8%
    PRS 57.3%
  • contractile cell CL0000183
    CSI 5.1
    rCSI 14.9%
    PRS 72.0%
  • small intestine goblet cell CL1000495
    CSI 5.1
    rCSI 11.2%
    PRS 79.5%
  • airway submucosal gland duct basal cell CL4033024
    CSI 5.2
    rCSI 33.2%
    PRS 80.7%
  • innate lymphoid cell CL0001065
    CSI 5.3
    rCSI 10.9%
    PRS 71.8%
  • kidney collecting duct intercalated cell CL1001432
    CSI 5.4
    rCSI 38.2%
    PRS 72.3%
  • intestine goblet cell CL0019031
    CSI 5.4
    rCSI 4.8%
    PRS 71.0%
  • pulmonary alveolar type 1 cell CL0002062
    CSI 5.4
    rCSI 31.0%
    PRS 70.6%
  • ON-bipolar cell CL0000749
    CSI 5.4
    rCSI 8.1%
    PRS 73.7%
  • glandular epithelial cell CL0000150
    CSI 5.5
    rCSI 14.6%
    PRS 87.5%
  • flat midget bipolar cell CL4033033
    CSI 5.6
    rCSI 39.9%
    PRS 65.0%
  • pulmonary alveolar type 2 cell CL0002063
    CSI 5.6
    rCSI 8.7%
    PRS 78.6%
  • diffuse bipolar 4 cell CL4033031
    CSI 5.7
    rCSI 65.2%
    PRS 63.1%
  • tuft cell of colon CL0009041
    CSI 5.8
    rCSI 13.4%
    PRS 81.3%
  • retinal rod cell CL0000604
    CSI 5.8
    rCSI 10.2%
    PRS 69.2%
  • retinal pigment epithelial cell CL0002586
    CSI 6.0
    rCSI 11.9%
    PRS 69.4%

Cell ID: Standard Cell Ontology term used for mapping and comparing cells across experiments. Ensures consistency in analyzing cellular functions across tissues.
Fold Change: Represents the ratio of the current Cell Significance Index to the Cell Significance Index Threshold, indicating how much the gene expression has changed compared to a baseline.
Cell Significance Index: Reflects how strongly a gene is expressed in this specific cell.

Cell ID: Standard Cell Ontology term used for mapping and comparing cells across experiments. Ensures consistency in analyzing cellular functions across tissues.
Fold Change: Represents the ratio of the current Cell Significance Index to the Cell Significance Index Threshold, indicating how much the gene expression has changed compared to a baseline.
Cell Significance Index: Reflects how strongly a gene is expressed in this cell type. Calculated using techniques like effect size estimation and bootstrapping for reliability.

Cell ID: Standard Cell Ontology term used for mapping and comparing cells across experiments. Ensures consistency in analyzing cellular functions across tissues.
Fold Change: Represents the ratio of the current Cell Significance Index to the Cell Significance Index Threshold, indicating how much the gene expression has changed compared to a baseline.
Cell Significance Index: Reflects how strongly a gene is expressed in this cell type. Calculated using techniques like effect size estimation and bootstrapping for reliability.
Network Configuration

Explore relationships of the current gene. Select an Interaction Source: 'ONTOLOGY' for shared pathways (GO/Reactome) or 'STRING' for protein-protein interactions. Further refine by selecting context genes and comparing Cell Significance Index (CSI) scores between baseline and target cell types and their specific contexts.

Comma-separated if multiple.
Comma-separated if multiple.

Legend:
  • Query Gene
  • Node Color (Target Cell CSI, relative to current network):
    • Very High
    • High
    • Medium
    • Low
    • Very Low
    • CSI N/A
  • Node Size: Proportional to Target Cell CSI magnitude
  • STRING PPI Edge
  • Shared Pathway Edge (ONTOLOGY)

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Other Information

This section provides additional information about the gene, including a description generated by an AI language model and details about associated proteins.

## Summary [PKP4](/details-gene/8502) (plakophilin 4) is a protein-coding gene located on chromosome 2q24.1. As a member of the armadillo-repeat protein family, [PKP4](/details-gene/8502) is a crucial component of cellular adhesion structures, particularly desmosomes and adherens junctions. Its primary functions involve mediating `[cell-cell adhesion](/details-cell/GO:0098609)`, assembling `[cell-cell junction](/details-cell/GO:0005911)`s, and regulating cytoskeletal dynamics through `[Signaling by rho gtpases](/details-cell/R-HSA-194315)`. Expression data highlights its significant role in the central nervous system, where it is a prominent marker for various subtypes of GABAergic cortical interneurons, as well as in specialized epithelial and endothelial cells, suggesting its importance in maintaining both neural circuitry and tissue barrier integrity. ## Cellular Roles and Expression Landscape The expression profile of [PKP4](/details-gene/8502) points to a specialized role in establishing and maintaining cellular contacts in distinct tissues. **Overall**, its significance is highest in the nervous system, particularly within inhibitory neuron populations. It is a top marker for `[pvalb GABAergic cortical interneuron](/details-cell/CL4023018)` (CSI: 49.06), `[lamp5 GABAergic cortical interneuron](/details-cell/CL4023011)` (CSI: 43.32), and `[sst GABAergic cortical interneuron](/details-cell/CL4023017)` (CSI: 38.73), among other interneuron subtypes. This suggests a critical function in the formation or stability of inhibitory synapses and the structural organization of cortical microcircuits. Beyond the brain, [PKP4](/details-gene/8502) shows high significance in specialized epithelial and endothelial cells. This includes `[kidney loop of Henle thin descending limb epithelial cell](/details-cell/CL1001111)` (CSI: 38.12), `[cerebral cortex endothelial cell](/details-cell/CL1001602)` (CSI: 35.26), and `[fallopian tube secretory epithelial cell](/details-cell/CL4030006)` (CSI: 25.07). In these contexts, its role is likely tied to its canonical function in reinforcing cell-cell junctions to maintain tissue architecture and barrier function. Notably, its expression is also significant in `[glioblast](/details-cell/CL0000030)`s (CSI: 25.13), indicating a potential involvement in the pathobiology of this brain tumor. ## Pathways and Molecular Function The functions of [PKP4](/details-gene/8502) are tightly linked to its role as a structural and signaling scaffold protein. As a component of the `[desmosome](/details-cell/GO:0030057)` and `[adherens junction](/details-cell/GO:0005912)`, its `[cadherin binding](/details-cell/GO:0045296)` activity is central to its role in cell adhesion. This function is critical for processes like `[keratinization](/details-cell/R-HSA-6805567)` and the `[formation of the cornified envelope](/details-cell/R-HSA-6809371)`, which are essential for epithelial integrity. Its localization to the `[cytoskeleton](/details-cell/GO:0005856)` and `[postsynaptic density](/details-cell/GO:0014069)` is consistent with its high expression in neuronal and epithelial cells, where it likely stabilizes cellular architecture and synaptic contacts. In addition to its structural role, [PKP4](/details-gene/8502) is an active participant in intracellular signaling. It is implicated in the `[Rho gtpase cycle](/details-cell/R-HSA-9012999)` and is known to regulate Rho signaling during cytokinesis, highlighting a dynamic role in cell division and cytoskeletal remodeling ([Link](https://doi.org/10.1038/ncb1504)). This dual functionality as both a stable adhesion molecule and a dynamic signaling regulator suggests that [PKP4](/details-gene/8502) integrates structural integrity with cellular processes like proliferation and migration. ## Research Directions The diverse expression pattern and dual functionality of [PKP4](/details-gene/8502) present several avenues for future research, particularly concerning its roles in neuropathology and cancer. **Proposed Hypotheses:** 1. Given its high and specific expression across multiple GABAergic interneuron subtypes, [PKP4](/details-gene/8502) is hypothesized to be essential for the structural maintenance of inhibitory synapses. Its loss may disrupt the organization of the postsynaptic density, leading to impaired GABAergic transmission and contributing to network hyperexcitability phenotypes observed in neurological disorders like epilepsy. 2. The significant expression of [PKP4](/details-gene/8502) in `[glioblast](/details-cell/CL0000030)`s, combined with its established role in regulating Rho GTPase signaling, suggests it contributes to glioblastoma invasion. It is hypothesized that [PKP4](/details-gene/8502) modulates cytoskeletal dynamics at the leading edge of migrating tumor cells, facilitating their infiltration into surrounding brain tissue. **Experimental Approach:** To test the hypothesis regarding its role in glioblastoma invasion, a targeted experiment could be performed. Using CRISPR-Cas9, [PKP4](/details-gene/8502) could be knocked out in patient-derived glioblastoma stem cell lines. The effect of its deletion on cell migration and invasion would be quantified using 3D spheroid invasion assays in a matrix gel. Changes in cellular morphology, focal adhesion dynamics, and the activation status of key Rho GTPases (e.g., RhoA, Rac1) would be assessed via immunofluorescence microscopy and pull-down assays to mechanistically link [PKP4](/details-gene/8502) to the invasive phenotype. **Therapeutic Potential:** As an intracellular scaffold protein involved in pro-migratory signaling pathways, [PKP4](/details-gene/8502) could represent a novel therapeutic target in glioblastoma. **Inhibition** of its function or its interaction with Rho GTPase effectors may reduce tumor cell invasion, a major cause of treatment failure. However, its intracellular location makes it a challenging target for antibody-based therapies, suggesting that the development of small molecule inhibitors that disrupt its protein-protein interactions would be the most viable therapeutic strategy.

Genular Protein ID: 697327569

Symbol: PKP4_HUMAN

Name: Plakophilin-4

UniProtKB Accession Codes:

Database IDs:

Citations:

PubMed ID: 8937994

Title: Cloning and characterization of a new armadillo family member, p0071, associated with the junctional plaque: evidence for a subfamily of closely related proteins.

PubMed ID: 8937994

DOI: 10.1242/jcs.109.11.2767

PubMed ID: 15815621

Title: Generation and annotation of the DNA sequences of human chromosomes 2 and 4.

PubMed ID: 15815621

DOI: 10.1038/nature03466

PubMed ID: 15489334

Title: The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC).

PubMed ID: 15489334

DOI: 10.1101/gr.2596504

PubMed ID: 15144186

Title: Robust phosphoproteomic profiling of tyrosine phosphorylation sites from human T cells using immobilized metal affinity chromatography and tandem mass spectrometry.

PubMed ID: 15144186

DOI: 10.1021/ac035352d

PubMed ID: 17081983

Title: Global, in vivo, and site-specific phosphorylation dynamics in signaling networks.

PubMed ID: 17081983

DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2006.09.026

PubMed ID: 17115030

Title: The armadillo protein p0071 regulates Rho signalling during cytokinesis.

PubMed ID: 17115030

DOI: 10.1038/ncb1504

PubMed ID: 18220336

Title: Combining protein-based IMAC, peptide-based IMAC, and MudPIT for efficient phosphoproteomic analysis.

PubMed ID: 18220336

DOI: 10.1021/pr0705441

PubMed ID: 18691976

Title: Kinase-selective enrichment enables quantitative phosphoproteomics of the kinome across the cell cycle.

PubMed ID: 18691976

DOI: 10.1016/j.molcel.2008.07.007

PubMed ID: 18669648

Title: A quantitative atlas of mitotic phosphorylation.

PubMed ID: 18669648

DOI: 10.1073/pnas.0805139105

PubMed ID: 19413330

Title: Lys-N and trypsin cover complementary parts of the phosphoproteome in a refined SCX-based approach.

PubMed ID: 19413330

DOI: 10.1021/ac9004309

PubMed ID: 19706687

Title: PDZ-domain-directed basolateral targeting of the peripheral membrane protein FRMPD2 in epithelial cells.

PubMed ID: 19706687

DOI: 10.1242/jcs.046854

PubMed ID: 19369195

Title: Large-scale proteomics analysis of the human kinome.

PubMed ID: 19369195

DOI: 10.1074/mcp.m800588-mcp200

PubMed ID: 19690332

Title: Quantitative phosphoproteomic analysis of T cell receptor signaling reveals system-wide modulation of protein-protein interactions.

PubMed ID: 19690332

DOI: 10.1126/scisignal.2000007

PubMed ID: 20068231

Title: Quantitative phosphoproteomics reveals widespread full phosphorylation site occupancy during mitosis.

PubMed ID: 20068231

DOI: 10.1126/scisignal.2000475

PubMed ID: 21406692

Title: System-wide temporal characterization of the proteome and phosphoproteome of human embryonic stem cell differentiation.

PubMed ID: 21406692

DOI: 10.1126/scisignal.2001570

PubMed ID: 22814378

Title: N-terminal acetylome analyses and functional insights of the N-terminal acetyltransferase NatB.

PubMed ID: 22814378

DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1210303109

PubMed ID: 23186163

Title: Toward a comprehensive characterization of a human cancer cell phosphoproteome.

PubMed ID: 23186163

DOI: 10.1021/pr300630k

PubMed ID: 24275569

Title: An enzyme assisted RP-RPLC approach for in-depth analysis of human liver phosphoproteome.

PubMed ID: 24275569

DOI: 10.1016/j.jprot.2013.11.014

PubMed ID: 25009281

Title: DIPA-family coiled-coils bind conserved isoform-specific head domain of p120-catenin family: potential roles in hydrocephalus and heterotopia.

PubMed ID: 25009281

DOI: 10.1091/mbc.e13-08-0492

PubMed ID: 29034528

Title: Patients with a new variant of endemic pemphigus foliaceus have autoantibodies against arrector pili muscle, colocalizing with MYZAP, p0071, desmoplakins 1 and 2 and ARVCF.

PubMed ID: 29034528

DOI: 10.1111/ced.13214

PubMed ID: 30479852

Title: Subclinical oral involvement in patients with endemic pemphigus foliaceus.

PubMed ID: 30479852

DOI: 10.5826/dpc.0804a02

Sequence Information:

  • Length: 1192
  • Mass: 131868
  • Checksum: 48EA1579E323E019
  • Sequence:
  • MPAPEQASLV EEGQPQTRQE AASTGPGMEP ETTATTILAS VKEQELQFQR LTRELEVERQ 
    IVASQLERCR LGAESPSIAS TSSTEKSFPW RSTDVPNTGV SKPRVSDAVQ PNNYLIRTEP 
    EQGTLYSPEQ TSLHESEGSL GNSRSSTQMN SYSDSGYQEA GSFHNSQNVS KADNRQQHSF 
    IGSTNNHVVR NSRAEGQTLV QPSVANRAMR RVSSVPSRAQ SPSYVISTGV SPSRGSLRTS 
    LGSGFGSPSV TDPRPLNPSA YSSTTLPAAR AASPYSQRPA SPTAIRRIGS VTSRQTSNPN 
    GPTPQYQTTA RVGSPLTLTD AQTRVASPSQ GQVGSSSPKR SGMTAVPQHL GPSLQRTVHD 
    MEQFGQQQYD IYERMVPPRP DSLTGLRSSY ASQHSQLGQD LRSAVSPDLH ITPIYEGRTY 
    YSPVYRSPNH GTVELQGSQT ALYRTGSVGI GNLQRTSSQR STLTYQRNNY ALNTTATYAE 
    PYRPIQYRVQ ECNYNRLQHA VPADDGTTRS PSIDSIQKDP REFAWRDPEL PEVIHMLQHQ 
    FPSVQANAAA YLQHLCFGDN KVKMEVCRLG GIKHLVDLLD HRVLEVQKNA CGALRNLVFG 
    KSTDENKIAM KNVGGIPALL RLLRKSIDAE VRELVTGVLW NLSSCDAVKM TIIRDALSTL 
    TNTVIVPHSG WNNSSFDDDH KIKFQTSLVL RNTTGCLRNL SSAGEEARKQ MRSCEGLVDS 
    LLYVIHTCVN TSDYDSKTVE NCVCTLRNLS YRLELEVPQA RLLGLNELDD LLGKESPSKD 
    SEPSCWGKKK KKKKRTPQED QWDGVGPIPG LSKSPKGVEM LWHPSVVKPY LTLLAESSNP 
    ATLEGSAGSL QNLSAGNWKF AAYIRAAVRK EKGLPILVEL LRMDNDRVVS SVATALRNMA 
    LDVRNKELIG KYAMRDLVNR LPGGNGPSVL SDETMAAICC ALHEVTSKNM ENAKALADSG 
    GIEKLVNITK GRGDRSSLKV VKAAAQVLNT LWQYRDLRSI YKKDGWNQNH FITPVSTLER 
    DRFKSHPSLS TTNQQMSPII QSVGSTSSSP ALLGIRDPRS EYDRTQPPMQ YYNSQGDATH 
    KGLYPGSSKP SPIYISSYSS PAREQNRRLQ HQQLYYSQDD SNRKNFDAYR LYLQSPHSYE 
    DPYFDDRVHF PASTDYSTQY GLKSTTNYVD FYSTKRPSYR AEQYPGSPDS WV