Details for: ADAM15

Gene ID: 8751

Gene Type:  Protein-coding  - A gene that serves as a template for producing a messenger RNA (mRNA) molecule, which is then translated into a functional protein.

Symbol: ADAM15

Ensembl ID: ENSG00000143537

Description: ADAM metallopeptidase domain 15

Selected Context(s):  Overall

Cell Significance Landscape

Contexts:

Associated with

Significant Cells

Cell Significance Index (CSI) scores for the chosen context(s)

  • multi-ciliated epithelial cell CL0005012
    CSI 21.33
    rCSI 21.29%
    PRS 65.29
  • endothelial cell of artery CL1000413
    CSI 18.74
    rCSI 27.45%
    PRS 82.7
  • duct epithelial cell CL0000068
    CSI 18.67
    rCSI 27.32%
    PRS 76.6
  • lung secretory cell CL1000272
    CSI 12.03
    rCSI 29.79%
    PRS 70.62
  • epithelial cell of lung CL0000082
    CSI 10.54
    rCSI 8.74%
    PRS 71.96
  • tracheal goblet cell CL1000329
    CSI 9.63
    rCSI 21.02%
    PRS 81.46
  • alveolar adventitial fibroblast CL4028006
    CSI 9.57
    rCSI 15.12%
    PRS 73.66
  • epithelial cell of lower respiratory tract CL0002632
    CSI 9.05
    rCSI 7.01%
    PRS 75.05
  • vein endothelial cell of respiratory system CL4033008
    CSI 7.51
    rCSI 51.55%
    PRS 81.61
  • type EC enteroendocrine cell CL0000577
    CSI 7.26
    rCSI 25.79%
    PRS 78.02
  • endothelial cell of uterus CL0009095
    CSI 6.75
    rCSI 49.35%
    PRS 83.72
  • pulmonary artery endothelial cell CL1001568
    CSI 5.38
    rCSI 7.33%
    PRS 81.65
  • vasa recta descending limb cell CL1001285
    CSI 4.76
    rCSI 38.03%
    PRS 83.89
  • vein endothelial cell CL0002543
    CSI 4.61
    rCSI 12.57%
    PRS 84.03
  • deuterosomal cell CL4033044
    CSI 4.57
    rCSI 15.44%
    PRS 72.18
  • bronchial goblet cell CL1000312
    CSI 4.1
    rCSI 16.37%
    PRS 83.13
  • secretory cell CL0000151
    CSI 4.06
    rCSI 4.24%
    PRS 71.58
  • fallopian tube secretory epithelial cell CL4030006
    CSI 3.13
    rCSI 3.02%
    PRS 71.38
  • Kupffer cell CL0000091
    CSI 3.08
    rCSI 7.05%
    PRS 72.35
  • retinal blood vessel endothelial cell CL0002585
    CSI 3.08
    rCSI 4.92%
    PRS 75.76
  • VIP GABAergic cortical interneuron CL4023016
    CSI 2.99
    rCSI 3.58%
    PRS 52.72
  • lung endothelial cell CL1001567
    CSI 2.95
    rCSI 6.88%
    PRS 85.89
  • intestine goblet cell CL0019031
    CSI 2.91
    rCSI 2.58%
    PRS 69.6
  • club cell CL0000158
    CSI 2.89
    rCSI 4.23%
    PRS 66.61
  • pulmonary capillary endothelial cell CL4028001
    CSI 2.83
    rCSI 5.4%
    PRS 83.78
  • elicited macrophage CL0000861
    CSI 2.7
    rCSI 2.48%
    PRS 80.62
  • extravillous trophoblast CL0008036
    CSI 2.69
    rCSI 3.33%
    PRS 68.91
  • goblet cell CL0000160
    CSI 2.67
    rCSI 2.52%
    PRS 70.99
  • blood vessel endothelial cell CL0000071
    CSI 2.67
    rCSI 5.53%
    PRS 68.62
  • luminal cell of prostate epithelium CL0002340
    CSI 2.64
    rCSI 14.2%
    PRS 81.43
  • common myeloid progenitor CL0000049
    CSI 2.58
    rCSI 2.09%
    PRS 73.79
  • pvalb GABAergic cortical interneuron CL4023018
    CSI 2.42
    rCSI 3.02%
    PRS 50.95
  • mucous neck cell CL0000651
    CSI 2.38
    rCSI 3.43%
    PRS 80.57
  • basal-myoepithelial cell of mammary gland CL0002324
    CSI 2.35
    rCSI 4.44%
    PRS 85.89
  • endothelial cell of periportal hepatic sinusoid CL0019021
    CSI 2.34
    rCSI 10.75%
    PRS 78.67
  • CD14-low, CD16-positive monocyte CL0002396
    CSI 2.28
    rCSI 1.76%
    PRS 73.76
  • nasal mucosa goblet cell CL0002480
    CSI 2.25
    rCSI 2.61%
    PRS 77.47
  • CD16-positive, CD56-dim natural killer cell, human CL0000939
    CSI 2.21
    rCSI 1.47%
    PRS 87.12
  • pulmonary ionocyte CL0017000
    CSI 2.18
    rCSI 2.66%
    PRS 78.7
  • stem cell CL0000034
    CSI 2.18
    rCSI 2.1%
    PRS 63.66
  • colon epithelial cell CL0011108
    CSI 2.15
    rCSI 2.25%
    PRS 68.74
  • luminal epithelial cell of mammary gland CL0002326
    CSI 2.11
    rCSI 3.84%
    PRS 84.58
  • cerebral cortex endothelial cell CL1001602
    CSI 2.11
    rCSI 3.64%
    PRS 62.21
  • granulocyte monocyte progenitor cell CL0000557
    CSI 2.1
    rCSI 1.82%
    PRS 76.46
  • astrocyte of the cerebral cortex CL0002605
    CSI 2.08
    rCSI 4.67%
    PRS 53.5
  • ciliated cell CL0000064
    CSI 2.05
    rCSI 3.32%
    PRS 67.33
  • megakaryocyte-erythroid progenitor cell CL0000050
    CSI 2.01
    rCSI 1.82%
    PRS 69.06
  • mammary gland epithelial cell CL0002327
    CSI 2
    rCSI 7.02%
    PRS 81.85
  • BEST4+ enteroycte CL4030026
    CSI 1.97
    rCSI 2.45%
    PRS 73.28
  • CD14-positive, CD16-positive monocyte CL0002397
    CSI 1.97
    rCSI 2.58%
    PRS 83.89
  • keratinocyte CL0000312
    CSI 1.96
    rCSI 1.64%
    PRS 75.13
  • lung microvascular endothelial cell CL2000016
    CSI 1.92
    rCSI 37.08%
    PRS 83.07
  • promyelocyte CL0000836
    CSI 1.9
    rCSI 2.74%
    PRS 79.49
  • mucus secreting cell CL0000319
    CSI 1.85
    rCSI 2.94%
    PRS 81.69
  • respiratory hillock cell CL4030023
    CSI 1.85
    rCSI 3.29%
    PRS 82.79
  • squamous epithelial cell CL0000076
    CSI 1.84
    rCSI 4.36%
    PRS 73.66
  • respiratory suprabasal cell CL4033048
    CSI 1.84
    rCSI 2.36%
    PRS 75.88
  • lung macrophage CL1001603
    CSI 1.79
    rCSI 4.01%
    PRS 79.61
  • myeloid dendritic cell CL0000782
    CSI 1.78
    rCSI 2.57%
    PRS 86.07
  • ciliated epithelial cell CL0000067
    CSI 1.66
    rCSI 1.46%
    PRS 59.91
  • lamp5 GABAergic cortical interneuron CL4023011
    CSI 1.63
    rCSI 2.73%
    PRS 52.87
  • intermediate monocyte CL0002393
    CSI 1.58
    rCSI 2.39%
    PRS 76.92
  • podocyte CL0000653
    CSI 1.57
    rCSI 6.98%
    PRS 72.06
  • cardiac endothelial cell CL0010008
    CSI 1.55
    rCSI 6.26%
    PRS 70.9
  • foveolar cell of stomach CL0002179
    CSI 1.49
    rCSI 3.17%
    PRS 80.15
  • transit amplifying cell of colon CL0009011
    CSI 1.44
    rCSI 1.69%
    PRS 73.86
  • L2/3-6 intratelencephalic projecting glutamatergic neuron CL4023040
    CSI 1.38
    rCSI 3.34%
    PRS 51.22
  • placental villous trophoblast CL2000060
    CSI 1.36
    rCSI 2.11%
    PRS 70.68
  • sncg GABAergic cortical interneuron CL4023015
    CSI 1.36
    rCSI 2.18%
    PRS 54.74
  • colon goblet cell CL0009039
    CSI 1.3
    rCSI 3.08%
    PRS 79.13
  • promonocyte CL0000559
    CSI 1.29
    rCSI 2.2%
    PRS 79.47
  • dendritic cell, human CL0001056
    CSI 1.28
    rCSI 1.97%
    PRS 80.99
  • transit amplifying cell CL0009010
    CSI 1.27
    rCSI 1.94%
    PRS 82.66
  • colonocyte CL1000347
    CSI 1.25
    rCSI 1.79%
    PRS 73.67
  • endothelial cell of vascular tree CL0002139
    CSI 1.24
    rCSI 6.8%
    PRS 69.26
  • ciliated columnar cell of tracheobronchial tree CL0002145
    CSI 1.24
    rCSI 2.83%
    PRS 66.61
  • lung ciliated cell CL1000271
    CSI 1.22
    rCSI 1.41%
    PRS 62.85
  • respiratory basal cell CL0002633
    CSI 1.22
    rCSI 1.26%
    PRS 77.03
  • vasa recta ascending limb cell CL1001131
    CSI 1.02
    rCSI 4.6%
    PRS 83.09
  • basal cell of epithelium of trachea CL1000348
    CSI 0.93
    rCSI 6.6%
    PRS 80.69
  • enterocyte of epithelium of large intestine CL0002071
    CSI 0.85
    rCSI 4.44%
    PRS 79.27
  • endothelial cell of placenta CL0009092
    CSI 0.73
    rCSI 3.59%
    PRS 81.6
  • near-projecting glutamatergic cortical neuron CL4023012
    CSI 0.68
    rCSI 2.57%
    PRS 53.41
  • tracheobronchial serous cell CL0019001
    CSI 0.61
    rCSI 2.61%
    PRS 81.67
  • L5 extratelencephalic projecting glutamatergic cortical neuron CL4023041
    CSI 0.45
    rCSI 1.62%
    PRS 51
  • respiratory goblet cell CL0002370
    CSI 0.44
    rCSI 4.78%
    PRS 83.07
  • prostate gland microvascular endothelial cell CL2000059
    CSI 0.22
    rCSI 5.18%
    PRS 84.32
  • acinar cell of salivary gland CL0002623
    CSI 0.1
    rCSI 2.25%
    PRS 86.89

Cell ID: Standard Cell Ontology term used for mapping and comparing cells across experiments. Ensures consistency in analyzing cellular functions across tissues.
Fold Change: Represents the ratio of the current Cell Significance Index to the Cell Significance Index Threshold, indicating how much the gene expression has changed compared to a baseline.
Cell Significance Index: Reflects how strongly a gene is expressed in this specific cell.

Cell ID: Standard Cell Ontology term used for mapping and comparing cells across experiments. Ensures consistency in analyzing cellular functions across tissues.
Fold Change: Represents the ratio of the current Cell Significance Index to the Cell Significance Index Threshold, indicating how much the gene expression has changed compared to a baseline.
Cell Significance Index: Reflects how strongly a gene is expressed in this cell type. Calculated using techniques like effect size estimation and bootstrapping for reliability.

Cell ID: Standard Cell Ontology term used for mapping and comparing cells across experiments. Ensures consistency in analyzing cellular functions across tissues.
Fold Change: Represents the ratio of the current Cell Significance Index to the Cell Significance Index Threshold, indicating how much the gene expression has changed compared to a baseline.
Cell Significance Index: Reflects how strongly a gene is expressed in this cell type. Calculated using techniques like effect size estimation and bootstrapping for reliability.
Network Configuration

Explore relationships of the current gene. Select an Interaction Source: 'ONTOLOGY' for shared pathways (GO/Reactome) or 'STRING' for protein-protein interactions. Further refine by selecting context genes and comparing Cell Significance Index (CSI) scores between baseline and target cell types and their specific contexts.

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Comma-separated if multiple.

Legend:
  • Query Gene
  • Node Color (Target Cell CSI, relative to current network):
    • Very High
    • High
    • Medium
    • Low
    • Very Low
    • CSI N/A
  • Node Size: Proportional to Target Cell CSI magnitude
  • STRING PPI Edge
  • Shared Pathway Edge (ONTOLOGY)

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Other Information

This section provides additional information about the gene, including a description generated by an AI language model and details about associated proteins.

## Summary [ADAM15](/details-gene/8751) (ADAM metallopeptidase domain 15) is a protein-coding gene located on chromosome 1q21.3. It encodes a member of the ADAM (a disintegrin and metalloproteinase) family of transmembrane proteins. These proteins are involved in a wide range of biological processes including proteolysis, cell-cell adhesion, and cell signaling. Functionally, [ADAM15](/details-gene/8751) possesses both metalloprotease activity, enabling it to cleave extracellular matrix components, and a disintegrin domain that interacts with integrin receptors, particularly αvβ3 and α5β1 ([Link](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/9516430/), [Link](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/9914169/)). **Overall**, expression data indicate that [ADAM15](/details-gene/8751) is most significantly expressed in various epithelial and endothelial cell types, suggesting a primary role in maintaining tissue architecture, vascular biology, and barrier function. ## Cellular Roles and Expression Landscape The expression profile of [ADAM15](/details-gene/8751) highlights its significant role in structural and barrier tissues. **Overall**, its highest significance is observed in epithelial cell populations, particularly those of the respiratory system, including [multi-ciliated epithelial cell](/details-cell/CL0005012), [duct epithelial cell](/details-cell/CL0000068), [lung secretory cell](/details-cell/CL1000272), and [epithelial cell of lung](/details-cell/CL0000082). This strong epithelial signature suggests a fundamental role in maintaining the integrity and function of mucosal surfaces. Concurrently, [ADAM15](/details-gene/8751) is a key marker for the vascular endothelium, with high significance in [endothelial cell of artery](/details-cell/CL1000413), [vein endothelial cell of respiratory system](/details-cell/CL4033008), [endothelial cell of uterus](/details-cell/CL0009095), and [pulmonary artery endothelial cell](/details-cell/CL1001568). This dual prominence in both epithelial and endothelial lineages points to a conserved function in regulating cell adhesion and communication at tissue interfaces. Its presence in [alveolar adventitial fibroblast](/details-cell/CL4028006) is also consistent with its established role in modulating the extracellular matrix. ## Pathways and Molecular Function The functions of [ADAM15](/details-gene/8751) are primarily centered on extracellular matrix (ECM) dynamics and cell adhesion. Its molecular functions include '[Metalloendopeptidase activity](/details-pathway/GO:0004222)' and '[Integrin binding](/details-pathway/GO:0005178)', which are central to its biological activities. These functions directly contribute to Reactome pathways such as '[Degradation of the extracellular matrix](/details-pathway/R-HSA-1474228)' and '[Extracellular matrix organization](/details-pathway/R-HSA-1474244)'. Consistent with its high expression in endothelial and epithelial cells, [ADAM15](/details-gene/8751) is implicated in biological processes like '[Cell-matrix adhesion](/details-pathway/GO:0007160)' and '[Angiogenesis](/details-pathway/GO:0001525)'. Its localization to the '[Cell surface](/details-pathway/GO:0009986)', '[Plasma membrane](/details-pathway/GO:0005886)', and specifically '[Adherens junction](/details-pathway/GO:0005912)' ([Link](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12243749/)) positions it to mediate interactions between cells and their surrounding environment. Furthermore, its involvement in the '[Innate immune response](/details-pathway/GO:0045087)' and '[Immune response to tumor cell](/details-pathway/GO:0002418)' suggests a role in tissue surveillance and pathology. ## Research Directions Given the multifaceted role of [ADAM15](/details-gene/8751) in matrix degradation, cell adhesion, and angiogenesis, its dysregulation is likely implicated in various pathological states, including cancer progression and chronic inflammatory diseases. Based on the available data, several testable hypotheses can be proposed: 1. **Hypothesis 1:** Due to its high expression in the vascular endothelium and its documented role in angiogenesis, [ADAM15](/details-gene/8751) facilitates tumor neo-vascularization by mediating endothelial cell migration and invasion through its metalloprotease-dependent cleavage of basement membrane proteins. 2. **Hypothesis 2:** In respiratory diseases like idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis, overexpression of [ADAM15](/details-gene/8751) in [alveolar adventitial fibroblast](/details-cell/CL4028006) and epithelial cells contributes to aberrant tissue remodeling and fibrosis by disrupting normal cell-matrix interactions and promoting excessive collagen turnover. A key experiment to test the first hypothesis would be to use a CRISPR-Cas9 system to knock out [ADAM15](/details-gene/8751) in human endothelial cells (e.g., HUVECs). The functional consequences could be assessed using in vitro assays, such as a Matrigel tube formation assay to measure angiogenesis and a transwell migration assay to measure invasive capacity. Comparing the behavior of knockout cells to wild-type controls would directly test the necessity of [ADAM15](/details-gene/8751) for these key angiogenic processes. As a therapeutic target, [ADAM15](/details-gene/8751) presents a compelling opportunity, particularly in oncology. Its cell surface localization and enzymatic activity make it amenable to both antibody-based therapies and small molecule inhibitors. Given its pro-angiogenic and pro-invasive functions, **inhibition** of its metalloprotease domain would be the primary therapeutic strategy. Such an approach could potentially limit tumor growth and metastasis by disrupting the tumor vasculature and preventing cancer cell invasion. However, its broad expression in healthy endothelial and epithelial tissues necessitates careful consideration of potential on-target, off-tumor toxicities.

Genular Protein ID: 2107396208

Symbol: ADA15_HUMAN

Name: Disintegrin and metalloproteinase domain-containing protein 15

UniProtKB Accession Codes:

Database IDs:

Citations:

PubMed ID: 8617717

Title: Metargidin, a membrane-anchored metalloprotease-disintegrin protein with an RGD integrin binding sequence.

PubMed ID: 8617717

DOI: 10.1074/jbc.271.9.4593

PubMed ID: 9039960

Title: Expression of a disintegrin-like protein in cultured human vascular cells and in vivo.

PubMed ID: 9039960

DOI: 10.1096/fasebj.11.2.9039960

PubMed ID: 15358598

Title: ADAM-15 inhibits wound healing in human intestinal epithelial cell monolayers.

PubMed ID: 15358598

DOI: 10.1152/ajpgi.00262.2004

PubMed ID: 17937806

Title: ADAM15 gene structure and differential alternative exon use in human tissues.

PubMed ID: 17937806

DOI: 10.1186/1471-2199-8-90

PubMed ID: 18296648

Title: Distinct functions of natural ADAM-15 cytoplasmic domain variants in human mammary carcinoma.

PubMed ID: 18296648

DOI: 10.1158/1541-7786.mcr-07-2028

PubMed ID: 14702039

Title: Complete sequencing and characterization of 21,243 full-length human cDNAs.

PubMed ID: 14702039

DOI: 10.1038/ng1285

PubMed ID: 16303743

Title: Signal sequence and keyword trap in silico for selection of full-length human cDNAs encoding secretion or membrane proteins from oligo-capped cDNA libraries.

PubMed ID: 16303743

DOI: 10.1093/dnares/12.2.117

PubMed ID: 16710414

Title: The DNA sequence and biological annotation of human chromosome 1.

PubMed ID: 16710414

DOI: 10.1038/nature04727

PubMed ID: 15489334

Title: The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC).

PubMed ID: 15489334

DOI: 10.1101/gr.2596504

PubMed ID: 9016778

Title: Expression of members of a novel membrane linked metalloproteinase family (ADAM) in human articular chondrocytes.

PubMed ID: 9016778

DOI: 10.1006/bbrc.1996.5957

PubMed ID: 9516430

Title: Specific interaction of the recombinant disintegrin-like domain of MDC-15 (metargidin, ADAM-15) with integrin alphavbeta3.

PubMed ID: 9516430

DOI: 10.1074/jbc.273.13.7345

PubMed ID: 10531379

Title: Interaction of the metalloprotease disintegrins MDC9 and MDC15 with two SH3 domain-containing proteins, endophilin I and SH3PX1.

PubMed ID: 10531379

DOI: 10.1074/jbc.274.44.31693

PubMed ID: 9914169

Title: Interaction of metargidin (ADAM-15) with alphavbeta3 and alpha5beta1 integrins on different haemopoietic cells.

PubMed ID: 9914169

DOI: 10.1242/jcs.112.4.579

PubMed ID: 12243749

Title: ADAM15 is an adherens junction molecule whose surface expression can be driven by VE-cadherin.

PubMed ID: 12243749

DOI: 10.1006/excr.2002.5606

PubMed ID: 11741929

Title: Phosphorylation-dependent interactions between ADAM15 cytoplasmic domain and Src family protein-tyrosine kinases.

PubMed ID: 11741929

DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m107430200

PubMed ID: 12091380

Title: The role of ADAM 15 in glomerular mesangial cell migration.

PubMed ID: 12091380

DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m200988200

PubMed ID: 12615925

Title: The adaptor protein fish associates with members of the ADAMs family and localizes to podosomes of Src-transformed cells.

PubMed ID: 12615925

DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m300267200

PubMed ID: 15818704

Title: Homeostatic effects of the metalloproteinase disintegrin ADAM15 in degenerative cartilage remodeling.

PubMed ID: 15818704

DOI: 10.1002/art.20974

PubMed ID: 17575078

Title: Inhibition of airway smooth muscle adhesion and migration by the disintegrin domain of ADAM-15.

PubMed ID: 17575078

DOI: 10.1165/rcmb.2006-0364oc

PubMed ID: 17416588

Title: ADAM-15/metargidin mediates homotypic aggregation of human T lymphocytes and heterotypic interactions of T lymphocytes with intestinal epithelial cells.

PubMed ID: 17416588

DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m700158200

PubMed ID: 18387333

Title: ADAM15 suppresses cell motility by driving integrin alpha5beta1 cell surface expression via Erk inactivation.

PubMed ID: 18387333

DOI: 10.1016/j.biocel.2008.02.021

PubMed ID: 18434311

Title: The ectodomain shedding of E-cadherin by ADAM15 supports ErbB receptor activation.

PubMed ID: 18434311

DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m801329200

PubMed ID: 19207106

Title: Characterization of the catalytic activity of the membrane-anchored metalloproteinase ADAM15 in cell-based assays.

PubMed ID: 19207106

DOI: 10.1042/bj20082127

PubMed ID: 19718658

Title: Alternative splicing of ADAM15 regulates its interactions with cellular SH3 proteins.

PubMed ID: 19718658

DOI: 10.1002/jcb.22317

Sequence Information:

  • Length: 863
  • Mass: 92959
  • Checksum: 004936E9182629CA
  • Sequence:
  • MRLALLWALG LLGAGSPLPS WPLPNIGGTE EQQAESEKAP REPLEPQVLQ DDLPISLKKV 
    LQTSLPEPLR IKLELDGDSH ILELLQNREL VPGRPTLVWY QPDGTRVVSE GHTLENCCYQ 
    GRVRGYAGSW VSICTCSGLR GLVVLTPERS YTLEQGPGDL QGPPIISRIQ DLHLPGHTCA 
    LSWRESVHTQ KPPEHPLGQR HIRRRRDVVT ETKTVELVIV ADHSEAQKYR DFQHLLNRTL 
    EVALLLDTFF RPLNVRVALV GLEAWTQRDL VEISPNPAVT LENFLHWRRA HLLPRLPHDS 
    AQLVTGTSFS GPTVGMAIQN SICSPDFSGG VNMDHSTSIL GVASSIAHEL GHSLGLDHDL 
    PGNSCPCPGP APAKTCIMEA STDFLPGLNF SNCSRRALEK ALLDGMGSCL FERLPSLPPM 
    AAFCGNMFVE PGEQCDCGFL DDCVDPCCDS LTCQLRPGAQ CASDGPCCQN CQLRPSGWQC 
    RPTRGDCDLP EFCPGDSSQC PPDVSLGDGE PCAGGQAVCM HGRCASYAQQ CQSLWGPGAQ 
    PAAPLCLQTA NTRGNAFGSC GRNPSGSYVS CTPRDAICGQ LQCQTGRTQP LLGSIRDLLW 
    ETIDVNGTEL NCSWVHLDLG SDVAQPLLTL PGTACGPGLV CIDHRCQRVD LLGAQECRSK 
    CHGHGVCDSN RHCYCEEGWA PPDCTTQLKA TSSLTTGLLL SLLVLLVLVM LGASYWYRAR 
    LHQRLCQLKG PTCQYRAAQS GPSERPGPPQ RALLARGTKQ ASALSFPAPP SRPLPPDPVS 
    KRLQAELADR PNPPTRPLPA DPVVRSPKSQ GPAKPPPPRK PLPADPQGRC PSGDLPGPGA 
    GIPPLVVPSR PAPPPPTVSS LYL