Details for: DPH2

Gene ID: 1802

Symbol: DPH2

Ensembl ID: ENSG00000132768

Description: diphthamide biosynthesis 2

Associated with

Cells (max top 100)

(Cell Significance Index and respective Thresholds are uniquely calculated using our advanced thresholding algorithms to reveal cell-specific gene markers)

  • Cell Name: polychromatophilic erythroblast (CL0000550)
    Fold Change: 49.4390
    Cell Significance Index: -7.6900
  • Cell Name: hematopoietic oligopotent progenitor cell (CL0002032)
    Fold Change: 28.1498
    Cell Significance Index: -7.1400
  • Cell Name: mucosal type mast cell (CL0000485)
    Fold Change: 21.1812
    Cell Significance Index: -8.6100
  • Cell Name: smooth muscle fiber of ileum (CL1000278)
    Fold Change: 20.6514
    Cell Significance Index: -9.7500
  • Cell Name: ciliated cell of the bronchus (CL0002332)
    Fold Change: 9.1333
    Cell Significance Index: -8.7200
  • Cell Name: orthochromatic erythroblast (CL0000552)
    Fold Change: 7.3806
    Cell Significance Index: -9.1000
  • Cell Name: CD8-alpha-beta-positive, alpha-beta intraepithelial T cell (CL0000796)
    Fold Change: 2.6989
    Cell Significance Index: -7.2300
  • Cell Name: stromal cell of bone marrow (CL0010001)
    Fold Change: 2.4024
    Cell Significance Index: -9.4800
  • Cell Name: CD8-positive, alpha-beta regulatory T cell (CL0000795)
    Fold Change: 2.1130
    Cell Significance Index: -6.4900
  • Cell Name: colon goblet cell (CL0009039)
    Fold Change: 1.1146
    Cell Significance Index: 110.2600
  • Cell Name: cortical cell of adrenal gland (CL0002097)
    Fold Change: 1.0754
    Cell Significance Index: 28.8200
  • Cell Name: gut absorptive cell (CL0000677)
    Fold Change: 0.9366
    Cell Significance Index: 56.2300
  • Cell Name: pro-T cell (CL0000827)
    Fold Change: 0.6578
    Cell Significance Index: 16.8100
  • Cell Name: epithelial cell of small intestine (CL0002254)
    Fold Change: 0.6122
    Cell Significance Index: 99.5600
  • Cell Name: microfold cell of epithelium of small intestine (CL1000353)
    Fold Change: 0.3935
    Cell Significance Index: 27.2200
  • Cell Name: basal cell of prostate epithelium (CL0002341)
    Fold Change: 0.3498
    Cell Significance Index: 9.5200
  • Cell Name: eye photoreceptor cell (CL0000287)
    Fold Change: 0.2875
    Cell Significance Index: 18.1200
  • Cell Name: conjunctival epithelial cell (CL1000432)
    Fold Change: 0.2785
    Cell Significance Index: 3.8000
  • Cell Name: bladder urothelial cell (CL1001428)
    Fold Change: 0.2349
    Cell Significance Index: 12.2000
  • Cell Name: epithelial cell of stomach (CL0002178)
    Fold Change: 0.2258
    Cell Significance Index: 26.3200
  • Cell Name: early pro-B cell (CL0002046)
    Fold Change: 0.2114
    Cell Significance Index: 13.6400
  • Cell Name: lactocyte (CL0002325)
    Fold Change: 0.1983
    Cell Significance Index: 25.6200
  • Cell Name: enterocyte of epithelium of small intestine (CL1000334)
    Fold Change: 0.1864
    Cell Significance Index: 5.3700
  • Cell Name: paneth cell of epithelium of small intestine (CL1000343)
    Fold Change: 0.1809
    Cell Significance Index: 3.9200
  • Cell Name: luminal adaptive secretory precursor cell of mammary gland (CL4033057)
    Fold Change: 0.1805
    Cell Significance Index: 8.4900
  • Cell Name: sebum secreting cell (CL0000317)
    Fold Change: 0.1659
    Cell Significance Index: 11.7300
  • Cell Name: L2/3-6 intratelencephalic projecting glutamatergic neuron (CL4023040)
    Fold Change: 0.1594
    Cell Significance Index: 31.9700
  • Cell Name: fibroblast of mammary gland (CL0002555)
    Fold Change: 0.1507
    Cell Significance Index: 4.3200
  • Cell Name: basal cell of urothelium (CL1000486)
    Fold Change: 0.1439
    Cell Significance Index: 17.6900
  • Cell Name: progenitor cell of mammary luminal epithelium (CL0009116)
    Fold Change: 0.1395
    Cell Significance Index: 10.4000
  • Cell Name: intermediate cell of urothelium (CL4030055)
    Fold Change: 0.1376
    Cell Significance Index: 24.8100
  • Cell Name: hair follicular keratinocyte (CL2000092)
    Fold Change: 0.1370
    Cell Significance Index: 60.5900
  • Cell Name: tonsil germinal center B cell (CL2000006)
    Fold Change: 0.1294
    Cell Significance Index: 15.2600
  • Cell Name: skeletal muscle myoblast (CL0000515)
    Fold Change: 0.1279
    Cell Significance Index: 1.3900
  • Cell Name: enterocyte of epithelium of large intestine (CL0002071)
    Fold Change: 0.1269
    Cell Significance Index: 5.7500
  • Cell Name: acinar cell of salivary gland (CL0002623)
    Fold Change: 0.1197
    Cell Significance Index: 5.5800
  • Cell Name: cell in vitro (CL0001034)
    Fold Change: 0.1150
    Cell Significance Index: 62.8200
  • Cell Name: stromal cell of ovary (CL0002132)
    Fold Change: 0.1105
    Cell Significance Index: 15.1700
  • Cell Name: enteroendocrine cell of colon (CL0009042)
    Fold Change: 0.1070
    Cell Significance Index: 20.3700
  • Cell Name: mesonephric nephron tubule epithelial cell (CL1000022)
    Fold Change: 0.1042
    Cell Significance Index: 3.6200
  • Cell Name: neoplastic cell (CL0001063)
    Fold Change: 0.1038
    Cell Significance Index: 20.6000
  • Cell Name: enteroendocrine cell of small intestine (CL0009006)
    Fold Change: 0.1032
    Cell Significance Index: 2.5800
  • Cell Name: transit amplifying cell of colon (CL0009011)
    Fold Change: 0.0743
    Cell Significance Index: 2.3800
  • Cell Name: basal epithelial cell of tracheobronchial tree (CL0002329)
    Fold Change: 0.0737
    Cell Significance Index: 2.0600
  • Cell Name: mesenchymal cell (CL0008019)
    Fold Change: 0.0719
    Cell Significance Index: 1.2000
  • Cell Name: GABAergic interneuron (CL0011005)
    Fold Change: 0.0586
    Cell Significance Index: 40.5000
  • Cell Name: obsolete caudal ganglionic eminence derived GABAergic cortical interneuron (CL4023070)
    Fold Change: 0.0573
    Cell Significance Index: 20.5700
  • Cell Name: intestinal crypt stem cell of small intestine (CL0009017)
    Fold Change: 0.0470
    Cell Significance Index: 1.0000
  • Cell Name: intestinal epithelial cell (CL0002563)
    Fold Change: 0.0411
    Cell Significance Index: 0.4300
  • Cell Name: placental villous trophoblast (CL2000060)
    Fold Change: 0.0360
    Cell Significance Index: 0.9600
  • Cell Name: CD4-positive, alpha-beta memory T cell, CD45RO-positive (CL0001204)
    Fold Change: 0.0279
    Cell Significance Index: 0.8200
  • Cell Name: odontoblast (CL0000060)
    Fold Change: 0.0260
    Cell Significance Index: 3.3300
  • Cell Name: lung endothelial cell (CL1001567)
    Fold Change: 0.0234
    Cell Significance Index: 1.2200
  • Cell Name: tuft cell of colon (CL0009041)
    Fold Change: 0.0175
    Cell Significance Index: 15.8400
  • Cell Name: neutrophil progenitor cell (CL0000834)
    Fold Change: 0.0142
    Cell Significance Index: 0.3800
  • Cell Name: fibroblast of dermis (CL0002551)
    Fold Change: 0.0134
    Cell Significance Index: 0.2800
  • Cell Name: small intestine goblet cell (CL1000495)
    Fold Change: 0.0091
    Cell Significance Index: 0.3200
  • Cell Name: pulmonary alveolar epithelial cell (CL0000322)
    Fold Change: 0.0009
    Cell Significance Index: 0.6700
  • Cell Name: pancreatic acinar cell (CL0002064)
    Fold Change: 0.0002
    Cell Significance Index: 0.0300
  • Cell Name: pigmented epithelial cell (CL0000529)
    Fold Change: -0.0023
    Cell Significance Index: -4.3300
  • Cell Name: anterior lens cell (CL0002223)
    Fold Change: -0.0045
    Cell Significance Index: -8.2200
  • Cell Name: kidney loop of Henle cortical thick ascending limb epithelial cell (CL1001109)
    Fold Change: -0.0048
    Cell Significance Index: -3.4900
  • Cell Name: lens epithelial cell (CL0002224)
    Fold Change: -0.0055
    Cell Significance Index: -8.5000
  • Cell Name: secondary lens fiber (CL0002225)
    Fold Change: -0.0073
    Cell Significance Index: -9.8900
  • Cell Name: granulosa cell (CL0000501)
    Fold Change: -0.0084
    Cell Significance Index: -0.2200
  • Cell Name: non-pigmented ciliary epithelial cell (CL0002304)
    Fold Change: -0.0086
    Cell Significance Index: -5.4900
  • Cell Name: pancreatic A cell (CL0000171)
    Fold Change: -0.0116
    Cell Significance Index: -8.6100
  • Cell Name: type B pancreatic cell (CL0000169)
    Fold Change: -0.0157
    Cell Significance Index: -8.8600
  • Cell Name: ciliary muscle cell (CL1000443)
    Fold Change: -0.0161
    Cell Significance Index: -7.3200
  • Cell Name: abnormal cell (CL0001061)
    Fold Change: -0.0165
    Cell Significance Index: -1.6900
  • Cell Name: pancreatic PP cell (CL0002275)
    Fold Change: -0.0173
    Cell Significance Index: -10.7900
  • Cell Name: skeletal muscle fiber (CL0008002)
    Fold Change: -0.0214
    Cell Significance Index: -0.5500
  • Cell Name: pancreatic ductal cell (CL0002079)
    Fold Change: -0.0216
    Cell Significance Index: -2.4800
  • Cell Name: vascular lymphangioblast (CL0005022)
    Fold Change: -0.0243
    Cell Significance Index: -0.4300
  • Cell Name: dopaminergic neuron (CL0000700)
    Fold Change: -0.0275
    Cell Significance Index: -7.9200
  • Cell Name: endothelial cell of venule (CL1000414)
    Fold Change: -0.0282
    Cell Significance Index: -0.3200
  • Cell Name: pigmented ciliary epithelial cell (CL0002303)
    Fold Change: -0.0347
    Cell Significance Index: -5.0400
  • Cell Name: pancreatic D cell (CL0000173)
    Fold Change: -0.0521
    Cell Significance Index: -10.9700
  • Cell Name: hippocampal granule cell (CL0001033)
    Fold Change: -0.0628
    Cell Significance Index: -4.2200
  • Cell Name: glycinergic neuron (CL1001509)
    Fold Change: -0.0768
    Cell Significance Index: -4.0300
  • Cell Name: intestinal tuft cell (CL0019032)
    Fold Change: -0.0776
    Cell Significance Index: -4.7600
  • Cell Name: cardiac muscle myoblast (CL0000513)
    Fold Change: -0.0812
    Cell Significance Index: -6.2300
  • Cell Name: smooth muscle cell of sphincter of pupil (CL0002243)
    Fold Change: -0.0879
    Cell Significance Index: -9.1500
  • Cell Name: forebrain neuroblast (CL1000042)
    Fold Change: -0.0991
    Cell Significance Index: -6.0900
  • Cell Name: kidney loop of Henle descending limb epithelial cell (CL1001021)
    Fold Change: -0.1042
    Cell Significance Index: -8.2500
  • Cell Name: indirect pathway medium spiny neuron (CL4023029)
    Fold Change: -0.1207
    Cell Significance Index: -5.3400
  • Cell Name: retinal progenitor cell (CL0002672)
    Fold Change: -0.1215
    Cell Significance Index: -6.8200
  • Cell Name: kidney epithelial cell (CL0002518)
    Fold Change: -0.1372
    Cell Significance Index: -4.0400
  • Cell Name: retinal rod cell (CL0000604)
    Fold Change: -0.1376
    Cell Significance Index: -1.6400
  • Cell Name: proerythroblast (CL0000547)
    Fold Change: -0.1403
    Cell Significance Index: -2.0100
  • Cell Name: direct pathway medium spiny neuron (CL4023026)
    Fold Change: -0.1518
    Cell Significance Index: -5.7500
  • Cell Name: type I muscle cell (CL0002211)
    Fold Change: -0.1525
    Cell Significance Index: -3.7200
  • Cell Name: corticothalamic-projecting glutamatergic cortical neuron (CL4023013)
    Fold Change: -0.1661
    Cell Significance Index: -5.2900
  • Cell Name: Purkinje cell (CL0000121)
    Fold Change: -0.1706
    Cell Significance Index: -3.7400
  • Cell Name: germ cell (CL0000586)
    Fold Change: -0.1768
    Cell Significance Index: -1.3400
  • Cell Name: pvalb GABAergic cortical interneuron (CL4023018)
    Fold Change: -0.1781
    Cell Significance Index: -3.7800
  • Cell Name: L5 extratelencephalic projecting glutamatergic cortical neuron (CL4023041)
    Fold Change: -0.1793
    Cell Significance Index: -6.2800
  • Cell Name: hippocampal pyramidal neuron (CL1001571)
    Fold Change: -0.1906
    Cell Significance Index: -5.4400
  • Cell Name: stratified epithelial cell (CL0000079)
    Fold Change: -0.1978
    Cell Significance Index: -7.2600
  • Cell Name: L6b glutamatergic cortical neuron (CL4023038)
    Fold Change: -0.2007
    Cell Significance Index: -6.5700

Cell ID: Standard Cell Ontology term used for mapping and comparing cells across experiments. Ensures consistency in analyzing cellular functions across tissues.
Fold Change: Represents the ratio of the current Cell Significance Index to the Cell Significance Index Threshold, indicating how much the gene expression has changed compared to a baseline.
Cell Significance Index: Reflects how strongly a gene is expressed in this specific cell.

Cell ID: Standard Cell Ontology term used for mapping and comparing cells across experiments. Ensures consistency in analyzing cellular functions across tissues.
Fold Change: Represents the ratio of the current Cell Significance Index to the Cell Significance Index Threshold, indicating how much the gene expression has changed compared to a baseline.
Cell Significance Index: Reflects how strongly a gene is expressed in this cell type. Calculated using techniques like effect size estimation and bootstrapping for reliability.

Cell ID: Standard Cell Ontology term used for mapping and comparing cells across experiments. Ensures consistency in analyzing cellular functions across tissues.
Fold Change: Represents the ratio of the current Cell Significance Index to the Cell Significance Index Threshold, indicating how much the gene expression has changed compared to a baseline.
Cell Significance Index: Reflects how strongly a gene is expressed in this cell type. Calculated using techniques like effect size estimation and bootstrapping for reliability.

Other Information

**Key Characteristics:** DPH2 is a highly conserved gene, with significant expression in various cell types, including cerebral cortex GABAergic interneurons, forebrain radial glial cells, absorptive cells, intestinal crypt stem cells, and epithelial cells of the small intestine. This widespread expression underscores the gene's importance in maintaining cellular homeostasis and overall organismal health. One of the most striking aspects of DPH2 is its involvement in the synthesis of diphthamide, a PTM that plays a crucial role in regulating protein function. Diphthamide is formed through a complex series of reactions involving histidine residues, metal ions, and arylsulfatase activation. This PTM is characterized by the formation of a unique histidine-histidine bond, which is critical for protein stability and function. **Pathways and Functions:** DPH2 is involved in several key pathways, including: 1. **2-(3-amino-3-carboxypropyl)histidine synthase activity**: This pathway involves the conversion of histidine residues into diphthamide, a critical step in the synthesis of this PTM. 2. **4 iron, 4 sulfur cluster binding**: This pathway is essential for the formation of the diphthamide-histidine bond, which is critical for protein stability and function. 3. **Cytosol**: DPH2 is localized to the cytosol, where it plays a key role in regulating protein metabolism and metal ion binding. 4. **Gamma carboxylation**: This pathway involves the conversion of glutamate residues into gamma-carboxyglutamate (Gla), which is critical for protein stability and function. 5. **Hypusinylation**: This pathway involves the addition of a hypusine moiety to proteins, which is critical for regulating protein function and stability. **Clinical Significance:** The dysregulation of DPH2 has been implicated in various diseases, including: 1. **Neurological disorders**: Mutations in DPH2 have been linked to neurodegenerative diseases, such as Parkinson's disease and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). 2. **Intestinal disorders**: DPH2 has been shown to play a critical role in maintaining intestinal homeostasis, and dysregulation of this gene has been implicated in intestinal disorders, such as inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and colon cancer. In conclusion, DPH2 is a multifunctional gene that plays a critical role in regulating protein metabolism, metal ion binding, and arylsulfatase activation. Its dysregulation has been implicated in various diseases, highlighting the importance of this gene in maintaining cellular homeostasis and overall organismal health. Further research is needed to fully elucidate the mechanisms by which DPH2 regulates protein function and to explore its therapeutic potential in the treatment of various diseases.

Genular Protein ID: 1655099800

Symbol: DPH2_HUMAN

Name: Diphthamide biosynthesis protein 2

UniProtKB Accession Codes:

Database IDs:

Citations:

PubMed ID: 9782084

Title: Cloning and localization of a human diphthamide biosynthesis-like protein-2 gene, DPH2L2.

PubMed ID: 9782084

DOI: 10.1006/geno.1998.5420

PubMed ID: 14702039

Title: Complete sequencing and characterization of 21,243 full-length human cDNAs.

PubMed ID: 14702039

DOI: 10.1038/ng1285

PubMed ID: 16710414

Title: The DNA sequence and biological annotation of human chromosome 1.

PubMed ID: 16710414

DOI: 10.1038/nature04727

PubMed ID: 15489334

Title: The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC).

PubMed ID: 15489334

DOI: 10.1101/gr.2596504

PubMed ID: 18669648

Title: A quantitative atlas of mitotic phosphorylation.

PubMed ID: 18669648

DOI: 10.1073/pnas.0805139105

PubMed ID: 19690332

Title: Quantitative phosphoproteomic analysis of T cell receptor signaling reveals system-wide modulation of protein-protein interactions.

PubMed ID: 19690332

DOI: 10.1126/scisignal.2000007

PubMed ID: 20068231

Title: Quantitative phosphoproteomics reveals widespread full phosphorylation site occupancy during mitosis.

PubMed ID: 20068231

DOI: 10.1126/scisignal.2000475

PubMed ID: 21269460

Title: Initial characterization of the human central proteome.

PubMed ID: 21269460

DOI: 10.1186/1752-0509-5-17

PubMed ID: 21406692

Title: System-wide temporal characterization of the proteome and phosphoproteome of human embryonic stem cell differentiation.

PubMed ID: 21406692

DOI: 10.1126/scisignal.2001570

PubMed ID: 22814378

Title: N-terminal acetylome analyses and functional insights of the N-terminal acetyltransferase NatB.

PubMed ID: 22814378

DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1210303109

PubMed ID: 23186163

Title: Toward a comprehensive characterization of a human cancer cell phosphoproteome.

PubMed ID: 23186163

DOI: 10.1021/pr300630k

PubMed ID: 32576952

Title: Diphthamide-deficiency syndrome: a novel human developmental disorder and ribosomopathy.

PubMed ID: 32576952

DOI: 10.1038/s41431-020-0668-y

Sequence Information:

  • Length: 489
  • Mass: 52083
  • Checksum: 2908FB7E816E3AEF
  • Sequence:
  • MESMFSSPAE AALQRETGVP GLLTPLPDLD GVYELERVAG FVRDLGCERV ALQFPDQLLG 
    DAVAVAARLE ETTGSKMFIL GDTAYGSCCV DVLGAEQAGA QALIHFGPAC LSPPARPLPV 
    AFVLRQRSVA LELCVKAFEA QNPDPKAPVV LLSEPACAHA LEALATLLRP RYLDLLVSSP 
    AFPQPVGSLS PEPMPLERFG RRFPLAPGRR LEEYGAFYVG GSKASPDPDL DPDLSRLLLG 
    WAPGQPFSSC CPDTGKTQDE GARAGRLRAR RRYLVERARD ARVVGLLAGT LGVAQHREAL 
    AHLRNLTQAA GKRSYVLALG RPTPAKLANF PEVDVFVLLA CPLGALAPQL SGSFFQPILA 
    PCELEAACNP AWPPPGLAPH LTHYADLLPG SPFHVALPPP ESELWETPDV SLITGDLRPP 
    PAWKSSNDHG SLALTPRPQL ELAESSPAAS FLSSRSWQGL EPRLGQTPVT EAVSGRRGIA 
    IAYEDEGSG

Genular Protein ID: 1304572887

Symbol: B3KRB8_HUMAN

Name: N/A

UniProtKB Accession Codes:

Database IDs:

Citations:

PubMed ID: 11181995

Title: The sequence of the human genome.

PubMed ID: 11181995

DOI: 10.1126/science.1058040

PubMed ID: 14702039

Title: Complete sequencing and characterization of 21,243 full-length human cDNAs.

PubMed ID: 14702039

DOI: 10.1038/ng1285

Sequence Information:

  • Length: 413
  • Mass: 43994
  • Checksum: 9F262C3E787A7F40
  • Sequence:
  • MFILGDTAYG SCCVDVLGAE QAGAQALIHF GPACLSPPAR PLPVAFVLRQ RSVALELCVK 
    AFEAQNPDPK APVVLLSEPA CAHALEALAT LLRPRYLDLL VSSPAFPQPV GSLSPEPMPL 
    ERFGRRFPLA PGRRLEEYGA FYVGGSKASP DPDLDPDLSR LLLGWAPGQP FSSCCPDTGK 
    TQDEGARAGR LRARRRYLVE RARDARVVGL LAGTLGVAQH REALAHLRNL TQAAGKRSYV 
    LALGRPTPAK LANFPEVDVF VLLACPLGAL APQLSGSFFQ PILAPCELEA ACNPAWPPPG 
    LAPHLTHYAD LLPGSPFHVA LPPPESELWE TPDVSLITGD LRPPPAWKSS NDHGSLALTP 
    RPQLELAESS PAASFLSSRS WQGLEPRLGQ TPVTEAVSGR RGIAIAYEDE GSG

Database document:

This is a preview of the gene's schema. Only a few entries are kept for 'singleCellExpressions,' 'mRNAExpressions,' and other large data arrays for visualization purposes. You can zoom in with the mouse wheel for a closer view, and the text will adjust automatically if necessary. For the full schema, download it here.