Details for: F13A1

Gene ID: 2162

Symbol: F13A1

Ensembl ID: ENSG00000124491

Description: coagulation factor XIII A chain

Associated with

Cells (max top 100)

(Cell Significance Index and respective Thresholds are uniquely calculated using our advanced thresholding algorithms to reveal cell-specific gene markers)

  • Cell Name: polychromatophilic erythroblast (CL0000550)
    Fold Change: 89.8131
    Cell Significance Index: -13.9700
  • Cell Name: hematopoietic oligopotent progenitor cell (CL0002032)
    Fold Change: 55.1562
    Cell Significance Index: -13.9900
  • Cell Name: mucosal type mast cell (CL0000485)
    Fold Change: 29.4641
    Cell Significance Index: -11.9700
  • Cell Name: peripheral blood mononuclear cell (CL2000001)
    Fold Change: 26.7698
    Cell Significance Index: -13.7700
  • Cell Name: Hofbauer cell (CL3000001)
    Fold Change: 16.3151
    Cell Significance Index: 133.0400
  • Cell Name: orthochromatic erythroblast (CL0000552)
    Fold Change: 11.3224
    Cell Significance Index: -13.9600
  • Cell Name: epidermal Langerhans cell (CL0002457)
    Fold Change: 6.0359
    Cell Significance Index: -13.2100
  • Cell Name: liver dendritic cell (CL2000055)
    Fold Change: 5.1157
    Cell Significance Index: 13.5000
  • Cell Name: fallopian tube secretory epithelial cell (CL4030006)
    Fold Change: 4.5412
    Cell Significance Index: 70.2600
  • Cell Name: stromal cell of bone marrow (CL0010001)
    Fold Change: 3.5605
    Cell Significance Index: -14.0500
  • Cell Name: early pro-B cell (CL0002046)
    Fold Change: 2.0749
    Cell Significance Index: 133.8600
  • Cell Name: neutrophil progenitor cell (CL0000834)
    Fold Change: 1.2587
    Cell Significance Index: 33.6700
  • Cell Name: late promyelocyte (CL0002151)
    Fold Change: 0.7446
    Cell Significance Index: 4.9400
  • Cell Name: fibroblast of dermis (CL0002551)
    Fold Change: 0.5977
    Cell Significance Index: 12.5100
  • Cell Name: CD14-positive, CD16-negative classical monocyte (CL0002057)
    Fold Change: 0.3089
    Cell Significance Index: 5.7100
  • Cell Name: cardiac muscle myoblast (CL0000513)
    Fold Change: 0.2982
    Cell Significance Index: 22.8900
  • Cell Name: L2/3-6 intratelencephalic projecting glutamatergic neuron (CL4023040)
    Fold Change: 0.1374
    Cell Significance Index: 27.5700
  • Cell Name: stromal cell of ovary (CL0002132)
    Fold Change: 0.0773
    Cell Significance Index: 10.6200
  • Cell Name: neoplastic cell (CL0001063)
    Fold Change: 0.0693
    Cell Significance Index: 13.7500
  • Cell Name: pigmented ciliary epithelial cell (CL0002303)
    Fold Change: 0.0360
    Cell Significance Index: 5.2300
  • Cell Name: abnormal cell (CL0001061)
    Fold Change: 0.0252
    Cell Significance Index: 2.5700
  • Cell Name: lens epithelial cell (CL0002224)
    Fold Change: 0.0200
    Cell Significance Index: 30.7700
  • Cell Name: obsolete caudal ganglionic eminence derived GABAergic cortical interneuron (CL4023070)
    Fold Change: 0.0153
    Cell Significance Index: 5.4900
  • Cell Name: anterior lens cell (CL0002223)
    Fold Change: 0.0152
    Cell Significance Index: 28.0400
  • Cell Name: non-pigmented ciliary epithelial cell (CL0002304)
    Fold Change: 0.0022
    Cell Significance Index: 1.3900
  • Cell Name: pigmented epithelial cell (CL0000529)
    Fold Change: -0.0007
    Cell Significance Index: -1.4000
  • Cell Name: secondary lens fiber (CL0002225)
    Fold Change: -0.0026
    Cell Significance Index: -3.4700
  • Cell Name: placental villous trophoblast (CL2000060)
    Fold Change: -0.0105
    Cell Significance Index: -0.2800
  • Cell Name: ciliary muscle cell (CL1000443)
    Fold Change: -0.0117
    Cell Significance Index: -5.3300
  • Cell Name: kidney loop of Henle cortical thick ascending limb epithelial cell (CL1001109)
    Fold Change: -0.0157
    Cell Significance Index: -11.5400
  • Cell Name: pulmonary alveolar epithelial cell (CL0000322)
    Fold Change: -0.0171
    Cell Significance Index: -12.9400
  • Cell Name: cerebellar granule cell (CL0001031)
    Fold Change: -0.0175
    Cell Significance Index: -0.3000
  • Cell Name: pancreatic A cell (CL0000171)
    Fold Change: -0.0204
    Cell Significance Index: -15.0900
  • Cell Name: cell in vitro (CL0001034)
    Fold Change: -0.0251
    Cell Significance Index: -13.7200
  • Cell Name: type B pancreatic cell (CL0000169)
    Fold Change: -0.0268
    Cell Significance Index: -15.1300
  • Cell Name: intermediate cell of urothelium (CL4030055)
    Fold Change: -0.0312
    Cell Significance Index: -5.6200
  • Cell Name: dopaminergic neuron (CL0000700)
    Fold Change: -0.0423
    Cell Significance Index: -12.1700
  • Cell Name: hippocampal granule cell (CL0001033)
    Fold Change: -0.0583
    Cell Significance Index: -3.9200
  • Cell Name: pancreatic acinar cell (CL0002064)
    Fold Change: -0.0689
    Cell Significance Index: -11.7600
  • Cell Name: pancreatic D cell (CL0000173)
    Fold Change: -0.0707
    Cell Significance Index: -14.9000
  • Cell Name: tonsil germinal center B cell (CL2000006)
    Fold Change: -0.0802
    Cell Significance Index: -9.4600
  • Cell Name: odontoblast (CL0000060)
    Fold Change: -0.0844
    Cell Significance Index: -10.8200
  • Cell Name: basal cell of urothelium (CL1000486)
    Fold Change: -0.0895
    Cell Significance Index: -11.0100
  • Cell Name: kidney interstitial alternatively activated macrophage (CL1000695)
    Fold Change: -0.0929
    Cell Significance Index: -0.9500
  • Cell Name: endothelial cell of placenta (CL0009092)
    Fold Change: -0.1001
    Cell Significance Index: -0.6100
  • Cell Name: lactocyte (CL0002325)
    Fold Change: -0.1032
    Cell Significance Index: -13.3300
  • Cell Name: retinal rod cell (CL0000604)
    Fold Change: -0.1065
    Cell Significance Index: -1.2700
  • Cell Name: bladder urothelial cell (CL1001428)
    Fold Change: -0.1097
    Cell Significance Index: -5.7000
  • Cell Name: immature innate lymphoid cell (CL0001082)
    Fold Change: -0.1099
    Cell Significance Index: -1.3600
  • Cell Name: hematopoietic cell (CL0000988)
    Fold Change: -0.1108
    Cell Significance Index: -1.6200
  • Cell Name: epithelial cell of stomach (CL0002178)
    Fold Change: -0.1205
    Cell Significance Index: -14.0400
  • Cell Name: preadipocyte (CL0002334)
    Fold Change: -0.1281
    Cell Significance Index: -2.5000
  • Cell Name: pancreatic ductal cell (CL0002079)
    Fold Change: -0.1294
    Cell Significance Index: -14.8300
  • Cell Name: smooth muscle cell of sphincter of pupil (CL0002243)
    Fold Change: -0.1297
    Cell Significance Index: -13.5000
  • Cell Name: kidney loop of Henle descending limb epithelial cell (CL1001021)
    Fold Change: -0.1431
    Cell Significance Index: -11.3400
  • Cell Name: indirect pathway medium spiny neuron (CL4023029)
    Fold Change: -0.1657
    Cell Significance Index: -7.3300
  • Cell Name: myeloid cell (CL0000763)
    Fold Change: -0.1678
    Cell Significance Index: -2.2300
  • Cell Name: forebrain neuroblast (CL1000042)
    Fold Change: -0.1713
    Cell Significance Index: -10.5300
  • Cell Name: lung endothelial cell (CL1001567)
    Fold Change: -0.1749
    Cell Significance Index: -9.1100
  • Cell Name: early T lineage precursor (CL0002425)
    Fold Change: -0.1756
    Cell Significance Index: -2.5500
  • Cell Name: luminal adaptive secretory precursor cell of mammary gland (CL4033057)
    Fold Change: -0.1798
    Cell Significance Index: -8.4500
  • Cell Name: progenitor cell of mammary luminal epithelium (CL0009116)
    Fold Change: -0.1819
    Cell Significance Index: -13.5600
  • Cell Name: direct pathway medium spiny neuron (CL4023026)
    Fold Change: -0.1904
    Cell Significance Index: -7.2100
  • Cell Name: eye photoreceptor cell (CL0000287)
    Fold Change: -0.1978
    Cell Significance Index: -12.4700
  • Cell Name: medial ganglionic eminence derived interneuron (CL4023063)
    Fold Change: -0.2297
    Cell Significance Index: -3.2900
  • Cell Name: intestinal tuft cell (CL0019032)
    Fold Change: -0.2329
    Cell Significance Index: -14.2800
  • Cell Name: retinal progenitor cell (CL0002672)
    Fold Change: -0.2384
    Cell Significance Index: -13.3800
  • Cell Name: lens fiber cell (CL0011004)
    Fold Change: -0.2599
    Cell Significance Index: -8.2200
  • Cell Name: glycinergic neuron (CL1001509)
    Fold Change: -0.2652
    Cell Significance Index: -13.9300
  • Cell Name: acinar cell of salivary gland (CL0002623)
    Fold Change: -0.2672
    Cell Significance Index: -12.4600
  • Cell Name: enterocyte of epithelium of large intestine (CL0002071)
    Fold Change: -0.3062
    Cell Significance Index: -13.8800
  • Cell Name: L5 extratelencephalic projecting glutamatergic cortical neuron (CL4023041)
    Fold Change: -0.3226
    Cell Significance Index: -11.3000
  • Cell Name: CD14-positive monocyte (CL0001054)
    Fold Change: -0.3248
    Cell Significance Index: -6.3500
  • Cell Name: eukaryotic cell (CL0000255)
    Fold Change: -0.3279
    Cell Significance Index: -14.2600
  • Cell Name: mesonephric nephron tubule epithelial cell (CL1000022)
    Fold Change: -0.3322
    Cell Significance Index: -11.5500
  • Cell Name: myeloid leukocyte (CL0000766)
    Fold Change: -0.3358
    Cell Significance Index: -2.7200
  • Cell Name: corticothalamic-projecting glutamatergic cortical neuron (CL4023013)
    Fold Change: -0.3375
    Cell Significance Index: -10.7500
  • Cell Name: L6b glutamatergic cortical neuron (CL4023038)
    Fold Change: -0.3469
    Cell Significance Index: -11.3600
  • Cell Name: corneal endothelial cell (CL0000132)
    Fold Change: -0.3694
    Cell Significance Index: -5.6200
  • Cell Name: macrophage (CL0000235)
    Fold Change: -0.3800
    Cell Significance Index: -3.8800
  • Cell Name: stratified epithelial cell (CL0000079)
    Fold Change: -0.3808
    Cell Significance Index: -13.9800
  • Cell Name: fibroblast of cardiac tissue (CL0002548)
    Fold Change: -0.3823
    Cell Significance Index: -5.4900
  • Cell Name: fibro/adipogenic progenitor cell (CL0009099)
    Fold Change: -0.3864
    Cell Significance Index: -19.5300
  • Cell Name: near-projecting glutamatergic cortical neuron (CL4023012)
    Fold Change: -0.3875
    Cell Significance Index: -9.6700
  • Cell Name: small intestine goblet cell (CL1000495)
    Fold Change: -0.3913
    Cell Significance Index: -13.7500
  • Cell Name: kidney epithelial cell (CL0002518)
    Fold Change: -0.3915
    Cell Significance Index: -11.5300
  • Cell Name: cardiac muscle cell (CL0000746)
    Fold Change: -0.3935
    Cell Significance Index: -5.8100
  • Cell Name: leptomeningeal cell (CL0000708)
    Fold Change: -0.3991
    Cell Significance Index: -8.5300
  • Cell Name: mononuclear phagocyte (CL0000113)
    Fold Change: -0.4035
    Cell Significance Index: -3.4100
  • Cell Name: hippocampal pyramidal neuron (CL1001571)
    Fold Change: -0.4198
    Cell Significance Index: -11.9800
  • Cell Name: cortical cell of adrenal gland (CL0002097)
    Fold Change: -0.4206
    Cell Significance Index: -11.2700
  • Cell Name: leukocyte (CL0000738)
    Fold Change: -0.4210
    Cell Significance Index: -7.1500
  • Cell Name: skeletal muscle fiber (CL0008002)
    Fold Change: -0.4443
    Cell Significance Index: -11.4200
  • Cell Name: fibroblast of mammary gland (CL0002555)
    Fold Change: -0.4528
    Cell Significance Index: -12.9800
  • Cell Name: basal epithelial cell of tracheobronchial tree (CL0002329)
    Fold Change: -0.4534
    Cell Significance Index: -12.6700
  • Cell Name: enterocyte of epithelium of small intestine (CL1000334)
    Fold Change: -0.4599
    Cell Significance Index: -13.2500
  • Cell Name: cardiac endothelial cell (CL0010008)
    Fold Change: -0.4714
    Cell Significance Index: -6.7800
  • Cell Name: obsolete epithelial cell of alveolus of lung (CL0010003)
    Fold Change: -0.5049
    Cell Significance Index: -12.5900
  • Cell Name: pvalb GABAergic cortical interneuron (CL4023018)
    Fold Change: -0.5136
    Cell Significance Index: -10.9000
  • Cell Name: lamp5 GABAergic cortical interneuron (CL4023011)
    Fold Change: -0.5140
    Cell Significance Index: -11.1100

Cell ID: Standard Cell Ontology term used for mapping and comparing cells across experiments. Ensures consistency in analyzing cellular functions across tissues.
Fold Change: Represents the ratio of the current Cell Significance Index to the Cell Significance Index Threshold, indicating how much the gene expression has changed compared to a baseline.
Cell Significance Index: Reflects how strongly a gene is expressed in this specific cell.

Cell ID: Standard Cell Ontology term used for mapping and comparing cells across experiments. Ensures consistency in analyzing cellular functions across tissues.
Fold Change: Represents the ratio of the current Cell Significance Index to the Cell Significance Index Threshold, indicating how much the gene expression has changed compared to a baseline.
Cell Significance Index: Reflects how strongly a gene is expressed in this cell type. Calculated using techniques like effect size estimation and bootstrapping for reliability.

Cell ID: Standard Cell Ontology term used for mapping and comparing cells across experiments. Ensures consistency in analyzing cellular functions across tissues.
Fold Change: Represents the ratio of the current Cell Significance Index to the Cell Significance Index Threshold, indicating how much the gene expression has changed compared to a baseline.
Cell Significance Index: Reflects how strongly a gene is expressed in this cell type. Calculated using techniques like effect size estimation and bootstrapping for reliability.

Other Information

**Key Characteristics** 1. **Function**: The primary function of F13A1 is to catalyze the cross-linking of fibrin, a key component of blood clots. This process involves the formation of gamma-γ bonds between fibrin molecules, resulting in a more stable and resistant clot. 2. **Structure**: The A chain of coagulation factor XIII consists of 135 amino acids and is characterized by a disulfide-linked homodimeric structure. This structure allows for the efficient interaction with fibrinogen, the precursor to fibrin. 3. **Expression**: F13A1 is widely expressed in various cell types, including retinal bipolar neurons, macrophages, and endothelial cells. This broad expression pattern underscores the protein's involvement in multiple physiological and pathological processes. 4. **Variability**: Genetic variations in the F13A1 gene have been associated with an increased risk of thrombotic events, such as deep vein thrombosis and pulmonary embolism. **Pathways and Functions** F13A1 is involved in several key pathways, including: 1. **Blood Coagulation**: F13A1 plays a critical role in the coagulation cascade, specifically in the stabilization of the fibrin clot. 2. **Fibrin Clot Formation**: The protein catalyzes the cross-linking of fibrin, resulting in a more stable and resistant clot. 3. **Cytokine Signaling**: F13A1 interacts with various cytokines, including interleukin-4 and interleukin-13, which are involved in immune responses and inflammation. 4. **Metal Ion Binding**: The protein exhibits metal ion-binding activity, which is essential for its enzymatic function. 5. **Peptide Cross-Linking**: F13A1 catalyzes the cross-linking of peptides, including fibrinogen and other clotting factors. **Clinical Significance** Dysregulation of F13A1 has been implicated in various clinical conditions, including: 1. **Thrombosis**: Genetic variations in the F13A1 gene have been associated with an increased risk of thrombotic events. 2. **Hemostasis**: Abnormalities in F13A1 expression or function can lead to impaired hemostasis, resulting in bleeding disorders. 3. **Inflammation**: F13A1's interaction with cytokines and metal ions suggests its potential involvement in inflammatory processes. 4. **Neurological Disorders**: The protein's expression in retinal bipolar neurons highlights its potential role in neurodegenerative diseases, such as Alzheimer's and Parkinson's. In conclusion, F13A1 is a crucial protein involved in various physiological and pathological processes, including blood coagulation, fibrin clot formation, and cytokine signaling. Its dysregulation has been implicated in clinical conditions such as thrombosis, hemostasis, and inflammation, underscoring the importance of further research into the molecular mechanisms underlying its function.

Genular Protein ID: 4056828526

Symbol: F13A_HUMAN

Name: Coagulation factor XIII A chain

UniProtKB Accession Codes:

Database IDs:

Citations:

PubMed ID: 3026437

Title: Amino acid sequence of the a subunit of human factor XIII.

PubMed ID: 3026437

DOI: 10.1021/bi00370a025

PubMed ID: 2877457

Title: Characterization of cDNA coding for human factor XIIIa.

PubMed ID: 2877457

DOI: 10.1073/pnas.83.21.8024

PubMed ID: 2901091

Title: Characterization of the gene for the a subunit of human factor XIII (plasma transglutaminase), a blood coagulation factor.

PubMed ID: 2901091

DOI: 10.1073/pnas.85.16.5829

PubMed ID: 14574404

Title: The DNA sequence and analysis of human chromosome 6.

PubMed ID: 14574404

DOI: 10.1038/nature02055

PubMed ID: 15489334

Title: The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC).

PubMed ID: 15489334

DOI: 10.1101/gr.2596504

PubMed ID: 2877456

Title: Primary structure of blood coagulation factor XIIIa (fibrinoligase, transglutaminase) from human placenta.

PubMed ID: 2877456

DOI: 10.1073/pnas.83.21.8019

PubMed ID: 4811064

Title: Amino acid sequence studies on factor XIII and the peptide released during its activation by thrombin.

PubMed ID: 4811064

DOI: 10.1021/bi00701a018

PubMed ID: 4405643

Title: Human Factor XIII from plasma and platelets. Molecular weights, subunit structures, proteolytic activation, and cross-linking of fibrinogen and fibrin.

PubMed ID: 4405643

DOI: 10.1016/s0021-9258(19)44312-3

PubMed ID: 16335952

Title: Human plasma N-glycoproteome analysis by immunoaffinity subtraction, hydrazide chemistry, and mass spectrometry.

PubMed ID: 16335952

DOI: 10.1021/pr0502065

PubMed ID: 21742792

Title: Factor XIII: a coagulation factor with multiple plasmatic and cellular functions.

PubMed ID: 21742792

DOI: 10.1152/physrev.00016.2010

PubMed ID: 26247044

Title: Structural and functional influences of coagulation factor XIII subunit B heterozygous missense mutants.

PubMed ID: 26247044

DOI: 10.1002/mgg3.138

PubMed ID: 7913750

Title: Three-dimensional structure of a transglutaminase: human blood coagulation factor XIII.

PubMed ID: 7913750

DOI: 10.1073/pnas.91.15.7296

PubMed ID: 7660355

Title: Structural evidence that the activation peptide is not released upon thrombin cleavage of factor XIII.

PubMed ID: 7660355

DOI: 10.1016/0049-3848(95)00072-y

PubMed ID: 9515726

Title: Two non-proline cis peptide bonds may be important for factor XIII function.

PubMed ID: 9515726

DOI: 10.1016/s0014-5793(98)00098-2

PubMed ID: 9988734

Title: Identification of the calcium binding site and a novel ytterbium site in blood coagulation factor XIII by X-ray crystallography.

PubMed ID: 9988734

DOI: 10.1074/jbc.274.8.4917

PubMed ID: 7913909

Title: Molecular basis for subtypic differences of the 'a' subunit of coagulation factor XIII with description of the genesis of the subtypes.

PubMed ID: 7913909

DOI: 10.1007/bf00202857

PubMed ID: 1353995

Title: Identification of a point mutation in factor XIII A subunit deficiency.

PubMed ID: 1353995

PubMed ID: 9763561

Title: The Val34Leu polymorphism in the A subunit of coagulation factor XIII contributes to the large normal range in activity and demonstrates that the activation peptide plays a role in catalytic activity.

PubMed ID: 9763561

PubMed ID: 10391209

Title: Characterization of single-nucleotide polymorphisms in coding regions of human genes.

PubMed ID: 10391209

DOI: 10.1038/10290

PubMed ID: 20179087

Title: Identification of eight novel coagulation factor XIII subunit A mutations: implied consequences for structure and function.

PubMed ID: 20179087

DOI: 10.3324/haematol.2009.017210

PubMed ID: 24889649

Title: Eight novel F13A1 gene missense mutations in patients with mild FXIII deficiency: in silico analysis suggests changes in FXIII-A subunit structure/function.

PubMed ID: 24889649

DOI: 10.1007/s00277-014-2102-4

PubMed ID: 24286209

Title: Severe congenital factor XIII deficiency caused by novel W187X and G273V mutations in the F13A gene; diagnosis and classification according to the ISTH/SSC guidelines.

PubMed ID: 24286209

DOI: 10.1111/hae.12298

PubMed ID: 24329762

Title: Congenital factor XIII deficiency in Pakistan: characterization of seven families and identification of four novel mutations.

PubMed ID: 24329762

DOI: 10.1111/hae.12340

PubMed ID: 27363989

Title: Coagulation factor XIIIA subunit missense mutations affect structure and function at the various steps of factor XIII action.

PubMed ID: 27363989

DOI: 10.1002/humu.23041

Sequence Information:

  • Length: 732
  • Mass: 83268
  • Checksum: 4B6820414B09B0D4
  • Sequence:
  • MSETSRTAFG GRRAVPPNNS NAAEDDLPTV ELQGVVPRGV NLQEFLNVTS VHLFKERWDT 
    NKVDHHTDKY ENNKLIVRRG QSFYVQIDFS RPYDPRRDLF RVEYVIGRYP QENKGTYIPV 
    PIVSELQSGK WGAKIVMRED RSVRLSIQSS PKCIVGKFRM YVAVWTPYGV LRTSRNPETD 
    TYILFNPWCE DDAVYLDNEK EREEYVLNDI GVIFYGEVND IKTRSWSYGQ FEDGILDTCL 
    YVMDRAQMDL SGRGNPIKVS RVGSAMVNAK DDEGVLVGSW DNIYAYGVPP SAWTGSVDIL 
    LEYRSSENPV RYGQCWVFAG VFNTFLRCLG IPARIVTNYF SAHDNDANLQ MDIFLEEDGN 
    VNSKLTKDSV WNYHCWNEAW MTRPDLPVGF GGWQAVDSTP QENSDGMYRC GPASVQAIKH 
    GHVCFQFDAP FVFAEVNSDL IYITAKKDGT HVVENVDATH IGKLIVTKQI GGDGMMDITD 
    TYKFQEGQEE ERLALETALM YGAKKPLNTE GVMKSRSNVD MDFEVENAVL GKDFKLSITF 
    RNNSHNRYTI TAYLSANITF YTGVPKAEFK KETFDVTLEP LSFKKEAVLI QAGEYMGQLL 
    EQASLHFFVT ARINETRDVL AKQKSTVLTI PEIIIKVRGT QVVGSDMTVT VEFTNPLKET 
    LRNVWVHLDG PGVTRPMKKM FREIRPNSTV QWEEVCRPWV SGHRKLIASM SSDSLRHVYG 
    ELDVQIQRRP SM

Database document:

This is a preview of the gene's schema. Only a few entries are kept for 'singleCellExpressions,' 'mRNAExpressions,' and other large data arrays for visualization purposes. You can zoom in with the mouse wheel for a closer view, and the text will adjust automatically if necessary. For the full schema, download it here.