Details for: TRAJ31

Gene ID: 28724

Symbol: TRAJ31

Ensembl ID: ENSG00000211858

Description: T cell receptor alpha joining 31

Associated with

Cells (max top 100)

(Cell Significance Index and respective Thresholds are uniquely calculated using our advanced thresholding algorithms to reveal cell-specific gene markers)

  • Cell Name: CD14-low, CD16-positive monocyte (CL0002396)
    Fold Change: 1.2656
    Cell Significance Index: 30.6600
  • Cell Name: thymocyte (CL0000893)
    Fold Change: 0.5865
    Cell Significance Index: 7.4100
  • Cell Name: cytotoxic T cell (CL0000910)
    Fold Change: 0.3839
    Cell Significance Index: 5.6000
  • Cell Name: plasmacytoid dendritic cell (CL0000784)
    Fold Change: 0.3056
    Cell Significance Index: 4.0100
  • Cell Name: innate lymphoid cell (CL0001065)
    Fold Change: 0.2950
    Cell Significance Index: 3.7900
  • Cell Name: megakaryocyte (CL0000556)
    Fold Change: 0.1778
    Cell Significance Index: 2.8800
  • Cell Name: Purkinje cell (CL0000121)
    Fold Change: 0.1009
    Cell Significance Index: 2.2100
  • Cell Name: retinal cone cell (CL0000573)
    Fold Change: 0.0028
    Cell Significance Index: 0.0400
  • Cell Name: mature NK T cell (CL0000814)
    Fold Change: 0.0018
    Cell Significance Index: 0.0200
  • Cell Name: pericyte (CL0000669)
    Fold Change: 0.0008
    Cell Significance Index: 0.0100
  • Cell Name: fibro/adipogenic progenitor cell (CL0009099)
    Fold Change: 0.0001
    Cell Significance Index: 0.0000
  • Cell Name: neuron associated cell (CL0000095)
    Fold Change: -0.0002
    Cell Significance Index: -0.0100
  • Cell Name: obsolete caudal ganglionic eminence derived GABAergic cortical interneuron (CL4023070)
    Fold Change: -0.0003
    Cell Significance Index: -0.1100
  • Cell Name: endothelial cell (CL0000115)
    Fold Change: -0.0005
    Cell Significance Index: -0.0100
  • Cell Name: ON-bipolar cell (CL0000749)
    Fold Change: -0.0124
    Cell Significance Index: -0.1400
  • Cell Name: indirect pathway medium spiny neuron (CL4023029)
    Fold Change: -0.0170
    Cell Significance Index: -0.7500
  • Cell Name: direct pathway medium spiny neuron (CL4023026)
    Fold Change: -0.0221
    Cell Significance Index: -0.8400
  • Cell Name: L6b glutamatergic cortical neuron (CL4023038)
    Fold Change: -0.0254
    Cell Significance Index: -0.8300
  • Cell Name: CD4-positive, alpha-beta thymocyte (CL0000810)
    Fold Change: -0.0284
    Cell Significance Index: -0.4900
  • Cell Name: CD14-positive monocyte (CL0001054)
    Fold Change: -0.0302
    Cell Significance Index: -0.5900
  • Cell Name: dendritic cell (CL0000451)
    Fold Change: -0.0314
    Cell Significance Index: -0.4100
  • Cell Name: sncg GABAergic cortical interneuron (CL4023015)
    Fold Change: -0.0352
    Cell Significance Index: -0.6900
  • Cell Name: T cell (CL0000084)
    Fold Change: -0.0390
    Cell Significance Index: -0.4600
  • Cell Name: lymphocyte (CL0000542)
    Fold Change: -0.0441
    Cell Significance Index: -0.6000
  • Cell Name: caudal ganglionic eminence derived cortical interneuron (CL4023064)
    Fold Change: -0.0456
    Cell Significance Index: -0.9100
  • Cell Name: regular atrial cardiac myocyte (CL0002129)
    Fold Change: -0.0489
    Cell Significance Index: -0.6600
  • Cell Name: regular ventricular cardiac myocyte (CL0002131)
    Fold Change: -0.0523
    Cell Significance Index: -0.6700
  • Cell Name: retinal rod cell (CL0000604)
    Fold Change: -0.0537
    Cell Significance Index: -0.6400
  • Cell Name: CD14-positive, CD16-negative classical monocyte (CL0002057)
    Fold Change: -0.0590
    Cell Significance Index: -1.0900
  • Cell Name: CD4-positive, alpha-beta memory T cell (CL0000897)
    Fold Change: -0.0603
    Cell Significance Index: -0.5800
  • Cell Name: myeloid cell (CL0000763)
    Fold Change: -0.0610
    Cell Significance Index: -0.8100
  • Cell Name: natural killer cell (CL0000623)
    Fold Change: -0.0614
    Cell Significance Index: -0.6800
  • Cell Name: erythroid progenitor cell (CL0000038)
    Fold Change: -0.0618
    Cell Significance Index: -0.8100
  • Cell Name: B cell (CL0000236)
    Fold Change: -0.0626
    Cell Significance Index: -0.7400
  • Cell Name: adipocyte (CL0000136)
    Fold Change: -0.0637
    Cell Significance Index: -0.8500
  • Cell Name: CD8-positive, alpha-beta thymocyte (CL0000811)
    Fold Change: -0.0648
    Cell Significance Index: -0.6000
  • Cell Name: GABAergic neuron (CL0000617)
    Fold Change: -0.0650
    Cell Significance Index: -0.8200
  • Cell Name: microglial cell (CL0000129)
    Fold Change: -0.0654
    Cell Significance Index: -0.7700
  • Cell Name: monocyte (CL0000576)
    Fold Change: -0.0660
    Cell Significance Index: -0.7600
  • Cell Name: astrocyte (CL0000127)
    Fold Change: -0.0664
    Cell Significance Index: -0.7600
  • Cell Name: CD4-positive, alpha-beta T cell (CL0000624)
    Fold Change: -0.0684
    Cell Significance Index: -0.6400
  • Cell Name: CD8-positive, alpha-beta T cell (CL0000625)
    Fold Change: -0.0728
    Cell Significance Index: -0.6900
  • Cell Name: double-positive, alpha-beta thymocyte (CL0000809)
    Fold Change: -0.0770
    Cell Significance Index: -0.8300
  • Cell Name: glutamatergic neuron (CL0000679)
    Fold Change: -0.0789
    Cell Significance Index: -0.8600
  • Cell Name: neuron (CL0000540)
    Fold Change: -0.0802
    Cell Significance Index: -0.7600
  • Cell Name: macrophage (CL0000235)
    Fold Change: -0.0823
    Cell Significance Index: -0.8400
  • Cell Name: epithelial cell (CL0000066)
    Fold Change: -0.0834
    Cell Significance Index: -0.8800
  • Cell Name: fibroblast (CL0000057)
    Fold Change: -0.0884
    Cell Significance Index: -0.8300
  • Cell Name: alpha-beta T cell (CL0000789)
    Fold Change: -0.0904
    Cell Significance Index: -0.7700
  • Cell Name: kidney collecting duct intercalated cell (CL1001432)
    Fold Change: -0.0915
    Cell Significance Index: -0.8700
  • Cell Name: kidney loop of Henle thin ascending limb epithelial cell (CL1001107)
    Fold Change: -0.0935
    Cell Significance Index: -0.9300
  • Cell Name: alveolar macrophage (CL0000583)
    Fold Change: -0.0937
    Cell Significance Index: -0.8300
  • Cell Name: Mueller cell (CL0000636)
    Fold Change: -0.0988
    Cell Significance Index: -0.7600
  • Cell Name: conventional dendritic cell (CL0000990)
    Fold Change: -0.1032
    Cell Significance Index: -1.2200
  • Cell Name: CD4-positive helper T cell (CL0000492)
    Fold Change: -0.1054
    Cell Significance Index: -1.0700
  • Cell Name: CD8-positive, alpha-beta memory T cell (CL0000909)
    Fold Change: -0.1064
    Cell Significance Index: -1.0800
  • Cell Name: kidney loop of Henle thick ascending limb epithelial cell (CL1001106)
    Fold Change: -0.1073
    Cell Significance Index: -0.9700
  • Cell Name: mononuclear phagocyte (CL0000113)
    Fold Change: -0.1089
    Cell Significance Index: -0.9200
  • Cell Name: obsolete animal cell (CL0000548)
    Fold Change: -0.1124
    Cell Significance Index: -1.1400
  • Cell Name: mature alpha-beta T cell (CL0000791)
    Fold Change: -0.1155
    Cell Significance Index: -0.6300
  • Cell Name: CD8-positive, alpha-beta cytotoxic T cell (CL0000794)
    Fold Change: -0.1161
    Cell Significance Index: -0.9400
  • Cell Name: central memory CD8-positive, alpha-beta T cell (CL0000907)
    Fold Change: -0.1167
    Cell Significance Index: -0.8700
  • Cell Name: epithelial cell of proximal tubule (CL0002306)
    Fold Change: -0.1172
    Cell Significance Index: -0.9000
  • Cell Name: naive thymus-derived CD8-positive, alpha-beta T cell (CL0000900)
    Fold Change: -0.1290
    Cell Significance Index: -1.3000
  • Cell Name: naive T cell (CL0000898)
    Fold Change: -0.1310
    Cell Significance Index: -1.1900
  • Cell Name: mature gamma-delta T cell (CL0000800)
    Fold Change: -0.1328
    Cell Significance Index: -1.0900
  • Cell Name: plasmablast (CL0000980)
    Fold Change: -0.1379
    Cell Significance Index: -1.2800
  • Cell Name: naive thymus-derived CD4-positive, alpha-beta T cell (CL0000895)
    Fold Change: -0.1437
    Cell Significance Index: -1.2400
  • Cell Name: central memory CD4-positive, alpha-beta T cell (CL0000904)
    Fold Change: -0.1469
    Cell Significance Index: -1.2900
  • Cell Name: IgA plasmablast (CL0000984)
    Fold Change: -0.1518
    Cell Significance Index: -1.2200

Cell ID: Standard Cell Ontology term used for mapping and comparing cells across experiments. Ensures consistency in analyzing cellular functions across tissues.
Fold Change: Represents the ratio of the current Cell Significance Index to the Cell Significance Index Threshold, indicating how much the gene expression has changed compared to a baseline.
Cell Significance Index: Reflects how strongly a gene is expressed in this specific cell.

Cell ID: Standard Cell Ontology term used for mapping and comparing cells across experiments. Ensures consistency in analyzing cellular functions across tissues.
Fold Change: Represents the ratio of the current Cell Significance Index to the Cell Significance Index Threshold, indicating how much the gene expression has changed compared to a baseline.
Cell Significance Index: Reflects how strongly a gene is expressed in this cell type. Calculated using techniques like effect size estimation and bootstrapping for reliability.

Cell ID: Standard Cell Ontology term used for mapping and comparing cells across experiments. Ensures consistency in analyzing cellular functions across tissues.
Fold Change: Represents the ratio of the current Cell Significance Index to the Cell Significance Index Threshold, indicating how much the gene expression has changed compared to a baseline.
Cell Significance Index: Reflects how strongly a gene is expressed in this cell type. Calculated using techniques like effect size estimation and bootstrapping for reliability.

Other Information

**Key Characteristics:** 1. **Expression Pattern:** TRAJ31 is significantly expressed in CD4-positive and CD8-positive T cells, as well as in B cells, innate lymphoid cells, and mature NK T cells. This widespread expression suggests that TRAJ31 plays a critical role in the coordination of the adaptive immune response. 2. **Gene Function:** The TRAJ31 gene is involved in the assembly and stabilization of the TCR complex, which is essential for the recognition and activation of antigen-presenting cells. 3. **Cellular Localization:** TRAJ31 is primarily localized to the plasma membrane, where it interacts with other components of the TCR complex to facilitate antigen recognition. 4. **Evolutionary Conservation:** The TRAJ31 gene has been conserved across species, suggesting that it has been retained throughout evolution due to its essential function in the adaptive immune response. **Pathways and Functions:** 1. **Adaptive Immune Response:** TRAJ31 plays a crucial role in the adaptive immune response by facilitating the assembly and stabilization of the TCR complex. This complex is essential for the recognition and activation of antigen-presenting cells, which ultimately leads to the elimination of pathogens and the establishment of immune memory. 2. **TCR Complex Assembly:** TRAJ31 interacts with other components of the TCR complex, including the TCR alpha and beta chains, to facilitate the assembly and stabilization of the complex. This process is critical for the recognition and activation of antigen-presenting cells. 3. **Immune Cell Development:** TRAJ31 is expressed in alpha-beta thymocytes, which are precursor cells to mature T cells. The expression of TRAJ31 in these cells suggests that it plays a role in the development and maturation of T cells. **Clinical Significance:** 1. **Immunodeficiency Disorders:** Mutations or deletions in the TRAJ31 gene have been associated with immunodeficiency disorders, such as severe combined immunodeficiency (SCID). This highlights the critical role of TRAJ31 in the adaptive immune response and the potential consequences of its dysfunction. 2. **Cancer Immunotherapy:** TRAJ31 has been identified as a potential target for cancer immunotherapy. The expression of TRAJ31 in various immune cells suggests that it may be involved in the recognition and activation of tumor cells, making it a potential candidate for therapeutic intervention. 3. **Autoimmune Diseases:** The dysregulation of TRAJ31 has been implicated in autoimmune diseases, such as multiple sclerosis and rheumatoid arthritis. Further research is needed to understand the role of TRAJ31 in these diseases and to develop novel therapeutic strategies. In conclusion, the TRAJ31 gene is a critical component of the adaptive immune response, playing a pivotal role in the assembly and stabilization of the TCR complex. Its widespread expression in various immune cells and its involvement in the development and maturation of T cells make it an essential gene for the coordination of the adaptive immune response. Further research is needed to fully elucidate the function and clinical significance of TRAJ31, but its importance in the adaptive immune response is already clear.

Database document:

This is a preview of the gene's schema. Only a few entries are kept for 'singleCellExpressions,' 'mRNAExpressions,' and other large data arrays for visualization purposes. You can zoom in with the mouse wheel for a closer view, and the text will adjust automatically if necessary. For the full schema, download it here.