Details for: GZMK

Gene ID: 3003

Symbol: GZMK

Ensembl ID: ENSG00000113088

Description: granzyme K

Associated with

Cells (max top 100)

(Cell Significance Index and respective Thresholds are uniquely calculated using our advanced thresholding algorithms to reveal cell-specific gene markers)

  • Cell Name: hepatic pit cell (CL2000054)
    Fold Change: 37.4354
    Cell Significance Index: 100.2900
  • Cell Name: ciliated cell of the bronchus (CL0002332)
    Fold Change: 16.8632
    Cell Significance Index: -16.1000
  • Cell Name: small intestine goblet cell (CL1000495)
    Fold Change: 12.4285
    Cell Significance Index: 436.7200
  • Cell Name: enteroendocrine cell of small intestine (CL0009006)
    Fold Change: 5.6048
    Cell Significance Index: 140.1100
  • Cell Name: enterocyte of epithelium of small intestine (CL1000334)
    Fold Change: 4.9426
    Cell Significance Index: 142.4100
  • Cell Name: CD8-positive, alpha-beta regulatory T cell (CL0000795)
    Fold Change: 4.6851
    Cell Significance Index: -14.3900
  • Cell Name: transit amplifying cell of small intestine (CL0009012)
    Fold Change: 3.2551
    Cell Significance Index: 67.5300
  • Cell Name: CD8-alpha-beta-positive, alpha-beta intraepithelial T cell (CL0000796)
    Fold Change: 2.4264
    Cell Significance Index: -6.5000
  • Cell Name: DN1 thymic pro-T cell (CL0000894)
    Fold Change: 2.1517
    Cell Significance Index: 22.3100
  • Cell Name: enterocyte of epithelium of large intestine (CL0002071)
    Fold Change: 2.0283
    Cell Significance Index: 91.9400
  • Cell Name: enteroendocrine cell of colon (CL0009042)
    Fold Change: 1.3995
    Cell Significance Index: 266.3400
  • Cell Name: fallopian tube secretory epithelial cell (CL4030006)
    Fold Change: 1.3496
    Cell Significance Index: 20.8800
  • Cell Name: transit amplifying cell of colon (CL0009011)
    Fold Change: 1.1646
    Cell Significance Index: 37.3000
  • Cell Name: colon goblet cell (CL0009039)
    Fold Change: 1.1314
    Cell Significance Index: 111.9200
  • Cell Name: CD8-positive, alpha-beta memory T cell, CD45RO-positive (CL0001203)
    Fold Change: 0.9710
    Cell Significance Index: 10.0700
  • Cell Name: tuft cell of colon (CL0009041)
    Fold Change: 0.9237
    Cell Significance Index: 834.0600
  • Cell Name: neutrophil progenitor cell (CL0000834)
    Fold Change: 0.6903
    Cell Significance Index: 18.4700
  • Cell Name: epithelial cell of small intestine (CL0002254)
    Fold Change: 0.4936
    Cell Significance Index: 80.2700
  • Cell Name: BEST4+ enteroycte (CL4030026)
    Fold Change: 0.4015
    Cell Significance Index: 6.0500
  • Cell Name: intestinal crypt stem cell of colon (CL0009043)
    Fold Change: 0.3893
    Cell Significance Index: 42.3400
  • Cell Name: intestinal crypt stem cell of small intestine (CL0009017)
    Fold Change: 0.3376
    Cell Significance Index: 7.1900
  • Cell Name: microfold cell of epithelium of small intestine (CL1000353)
    Fold Change: 0.1719
    Cell Significance Index: 11.8900
  • Cell Name: mature T cell (CL0002419)
    Fold Change: 0.1682
    Cell Significance Index: 1.2100
  • Cell Name: effector memory CD8-positive, alpha-beta T cell (CL0000913)
    Fold Change: 0.0026
    Cell Significance Index: 0.0200
  • Cell Name: intestinal tuft cell (CL0019032)
    Fold Change: -0.0016
    Cell Significance Index: -0.1000
  • Cell Name: pigmented epithelial cell (CL0000529)
    Fold Change: -0.0066
    Cell Significance Index: -12.3400
  • Cell Name: anterior lens cell (CL0002223)
    Fold Change: -0.0085
    Cell Significance Index: -15.7600
  • Cell Name: mature alpha-beta T cell (CL0000791)
    Fold Change: -0.0092
    Cell Significance Index: -0.0500
  • Cell Name: lens epithelial cell (CL0002224)
    Fold Change: -0.0101
    Cell Significance Index: -15.5400
  • Cell Name: secondary lens fiber (CL0002225)
    Fold Change: -0.0118
    Cell Significance Index: -16.0800
  • Cell Name: pulmonary alveolar epithelial cell (CL0000322)
    Fold Change: -0.0143
    Cell Significance Index: -10.8200
  • Cell Name: pancreatic A cell (CL0000171)
    Fold Change: -0.0149
    Cell Significance Index: -11.0200
  • Cell Name: neuron associated cell (CL0000095)
    Fold Change: -0.0155
    Cell Significance Index: -0.6300
  • Cell Name: kidney loop of Henle cortical thick ascending limb epithelial cell (CL1001109)
    Fold Change: -0.0211
    Cell Significance Index: -15.4800
  • Cell Name: type B pancreatic cell (CL0000169)
    Fold Change: -0.0249
    Cell Significance Index: -14.0300
  • Cell Name: ciliary muscle cell (CL1000443)
    Fold Change: -0.0333
    Cell Significance Index: -15.1200
  • Cell Name: neoplastic cell (CL0001063)
    Fold Change: -0.0407
    Cell Significance Index: -8.0700
  • Cell Name: dopaminergic neuron (CL0000700)
    Fold Change: -0.0441
    Cell Significance Index: -12.6900
  • Cell Name: gut absorptive cell (CL0000677)
    Fold Change: -0.0608
    Cell Significance Index: -3.6500
  • Cell Name: eukaryotic cell (CL0000255)
    Fold Change: -0.0621
    Cell Significance Index: -2.7000
  • Cell Name: hematopoietic cell (CL0000988)
    Fold Change: -0.0643
    Cell Significance Index: -0.9400
  • Cell Name: L2/3-6 intratelencephalic projecting glutamatergic neuron (CL4023040)
    Fold Change: -0.0669
    Cell Significance Index: -13.4300
  • Cell Name: paneth cell of epithelium of small intestine (CL1000343)
    Fold Change: -0.0748
    Cell Significance Index: -1.6200
  • Cell Name: pancreatic acinar cell (CL0002064)
    Fold Change: -0.0805
    Cell Significance Index: -13.7400
  • Cell Name: CD8-positive, alpha-beta T cell (CL0000625)
    Fold Change: -0.0823
    Cell Significance Index: -0.7800
  • Cell Name: intermediate cell of urothelium (CL4030055)
    Fold Change: -0.0835
    Cell Significance Index: -15.0500
  • Cell Name: leukocyte (CL0000738)
    Fold Change: -0.0883
    Cell Significance Index: -1.5000
  • Cell Name: stromal cell of ovary (CL0002132)
    Fold Change: -0.0981
    Cell Significance Index: -13.4700
  • Cell Name: odontoblast (CL0000060)
    Fold Change: -0.1015
    Cell Significance Index: -13.0100
  • Cell Name: pigmented ciliary epithelial cell (CL0002303)
    Fold Change: -0.1059
    Cell Significance Index: -15.3900
  • Cell Name: pancreatic ductal cell (CL0002079)
    Fold Change: -0.1101
    Cell Significance Index: -12.6100
  • Cell Name: abnormal cell (CL0001061)
    Fold Change: -0.1140
    Cell Significance Index: -11.6500
  • Cell Name: basal cell of urothelium (CL1000486)
    Fold Change: -0.1156
    Cell Significance Index: -14.2100
  • Cell Name: CD4-positive, alpha-beta memory T cell, CD45RO-positive (CL0001204)
    Fold Change: -0.1202
    Cell Significance Index: -3.5300
  • Cell Name: lactocyte (CL0002325)
    Fold Change: -0.1221
    Cell Significance Index: -15.7800
  • Cell Name: tonsil germinal center B cell (CL2000006)
    Fold Change: -0.1229
    Cell Significance Index: -14.4900
  • Cell Name: luminal adaptive secretory precursor cell of mammary gland (CL4033057)
    Fold Change: -0.1331
    Cell Significance Index: -6.2600
  • Cell Name: lymphocyte (CL0000542)
    Fold Change: -0.1353
    Cell Significance Index: -1.8400
  • Cell Name: exhausted T cell (CL0011025)
    Fold Change: -0.1423
    Cell Significance Index: -1.1600
  • Cell Name: early pro-B cell (CL0002046)
    Fold Change: -0.1877
    Cell Significance Index: -12.1100
  • Cell Name: hippocampal granule cell (CL0001033)
    Fold Change: -0.2024
    Cell Significance Index: -13.6100
  • Cell Name: cardiac muscle myoblast (CL0000513)
    Fold Change: -0.2047
    Cell Significance Index: -15.7100
  • Cell Name: eye photoreceptor cell (CL0000287)
    Fold Change: -0.2048
    Cell Significance Index: -12.9100
  • Cell Name: progenitor cell of mammary luminal epithelium (CL0009116)
    Fold Change: -0.2141
    Cell Significance Index: -15.9600
  • Cell Name: basal epithelial cell of tracheobronchial tree (CL0002329)
    Fold Change: -0.2566
    Cell Significance Index: -7.1700
  • Cell Name: forebrain neuroblast (CL1000042)
    Fold Change: -0.2624
    Cell Significance Index: -16.1300
  • Cell Name: T cell (CL0000084)
    Fold Change: -0.2668
    Cell Significance Index: -3.1500
  • Cell Name: skeletal muscle fiber (CL0008002)
    Fold Change: -0.2766
    Cell Significance Index: -7.1100
  • Cell Name: bladder urothelial cell (CL1001428)
    Fold Change: -0.3007
    Cell Significance Index: -15.6200
  • Cell Name: lung endothelial cell (CL1001567)
    Fold Change: -0.3072
    Cell Significance Index: -16.0000
  • Cell Name: cytotoxic T cell (CL0000910)
    Fold Change: -0.3362
    Cell Significance Index: -4.9000
  • Cell Name: acinar cell of salivary gland (CL0002623)
    Fold Change: -0.3378
    Cell Significance Index: -15.7500
  • Cell Name: effector CD8-positive, alpha-beta T cell (CL0001050)
    Fold Change: -0.3508
    Cell Significance Index: -2.9600
  • Cell Name: indirect pathway medium spiny neuron (CL4023029)
    Fold Change: -0.3814
    Cell Significance Index: -16.8700
  • Cell Name: L5 extratelencephalic projecting glutamatergic cortical neuron (CL4023041)
    Fold Change: -0.3891
    Cell Significance Index: -13.6300
  • Cell Name: L6b glutamatergic cortical neuron (CL4023038)
    Fold Change: -0.4126
    Cell Significance Index: -13.5100
  • Cell Name: stratified epithelial cell (CL0000079)
    Fold Change: -0.4173
    Cell Significance Index: -15.3200
  • Cell Name: corticothalamic-projecting glutamatergic cortical neuron (CL4023013)
    Fold Change: -0.4236
    Cell Significance Index: -13.4900
  • Cell Name: direct pathway medium spiny neuron (CL4023026)
    Fold Change: -0.4460
    Cell Significance Index: -16.8900
  • Cell Name: CD4-positive, alpha-beta thymocyte (CL0000810)
    Fold Change: -0.4554
    Cell Significance Index: -7.8500
  • Cell Name: mononuclear cell (CL0000842)
    Fold Change: -0.4565
    Cell Significance Index: -1.9000
  • Cell Name: intraepithelial lymphocyte (CL0002496)
    Fold Change: -0.4620
    Cell Significance Index: -2.9400
  • Cell Name: endothelial cell of venule (CL1000414)
    Fold Change: -0.4639
    Cell Significance Index: -5.2700
  • Cell Name: cortical cell of adrenal gland (CL0002097)
    Fold Change: -0.4743
    Cell Significance Index: -12.7100
  • Cell Name: granulosa cell (CL0000501)
    Fold Change: -0.4990
    Cell Significance Index: -13.1200
  • Cell Name: CD8-positive, alpha-beta thymocyte (CL0000811)
    Fold Change: -0.5035
    Cell Significance Index: -4.6600
  • Cell Name: kidney epithelial cell (CL0002518)
    Fold Change: -0.5089
    Cell Significance Index: -14.9900
  • Cell Name: placental villous trophoblast (CL2000060)
    Fold Change: -0.5187
    Cell Significance Index: -13.8500
  • Cell Name: near-projecting glutamatergic cortical neuron (CL4023012)
    Fold Change: -0.5320
    Cell Significance Index: -13.2700
  • Cell Name: pro-T cell (CL0000827)
    Fold Change: -0.5382
    Cell Significance Index: -13.7500
  • Cell Name: type I NK T cell (CL0000921)
    Fold Change: -0.5427
    Cell Significance Index: -5.2900
  • Cell Name: obsolete epithelial cell of alveolus of lung (CL0010003)
    Fold Change: -0.5462
    Cell Significance Index: -13.6200
  • Cell Name: fibroblast of mammary gland (CL0002555)
    Fold Change: -0.5550
    Cell Significance Index: -15.9100
  • Cell Name: CD16-negative, CD56-bright natural killer cell, human (CL0000938)
    Fold Change: -0.5655
    Cell Significance Index: -5.8600
  • Cell Name: monocyte-derived dendritic cell (CL0011031)
    Fold Change: -0.5669
    Cell Significance Index: -9.7400
  • Cell Name: keratinocyte (CL0000312)
    Fold Change: -0.5701
    Cell Significance Index: -14.2400
  • Cell Name: erythrocyte (CL0000232)
    Fold Change: -0.5821
    Cell Significance Index: -14.8300
  • Cell Name: peg cell (CL4033014)
    Fold Change: -0.5865
    Cell Significance Index: -13.5500
  • Cell Name: alpha-beta T cell (CL0000789)
    Fold Change: -0.6069
    Cell Significance Index: -5.1700
  • Cell Name: type I muscle cell (CL0002211)
    Fold Change: -0.6099
    Cell Significance Index: -14.8800

Cell ID: Standard Cell Ontology term used for mapping and comparing cells across experiments. Ensures consistency in analyzing cellular functions across tissues.
Fold Change: Represents the ratio of the current Cell Significance Index to the Cell Significance Index Threshold, indicating how much the gene expression has changed compared to a baseline.
Cell Significance Index: Reflects how strongly a gene is expressed in this specific cell.

Cell ID: Standard Cell Ontology term used for mapping and comparing cells across experiments. Ensures consistency in analyzing cellular functions across tissues.
Fold Change: Represents the ratio of the current Cell Significance Index to the Cell Significance Index Threshold, indicating how much the gene expression has changed compared to a baseline.
Cell Significance Index: Reflects how strongly a gene is expressed in this cell type. Calculated using techniques like effect size estimation and bootstrapping for reliability.

Cell ID: Standard Cell Ontology term used for mapping and comparing cells across experiments. Ensures consistency in analyzing cellular functions across tissues.
Fold Change: Represents the ratio of the current Cell Significance Index to the Cell Significance Index Threshold, indicating how much the gene expression has changed compared to a baseline.
Cell Significance Index: Reflects how strongly a gene is expressed in this cell type. Calculated using techniques like effect size estimation and bootstrapping for reliability.

Other Information

**Key Characteristics:** GZMK is a serine-type endopeptidase that belongs to the granzyme family of enzymes. Its primary function is to induce apoptosis in target cells, primarily through the activation of caspases. GZMK is highly specific to the extracellular region of cells and exhibits strong proteolytic activity, making it a potent mediator of cell death. The enzyme is also involved in the regulation of protein binding and proteolysis, further highlighting its multifaceted role in immune responses. **Pathways and Functions:** GZMK's primary function is to induce apoptosis in target cells by activating caspases, specifically caspase-3, -6, and -7. This process is mediated through the binding of GZMK to specific substrates, leading to the cleavage of key proteins involved in cell survival and apoptosis. Additionally, GZMK has been shown to regulate protein binding and proteolysis, which is essential for the proper functioning of immune cells. Furthermore, GZMK has been implicated in the regulation of the secretory granule pathway, which is critical for the release of cytotoxic granules in T cells and natural killer cells. **Clinical Significance:** Dysregulation of GZMK has been implicated in several diseases, including cancer, autoimmune disorders, and infectious diseases. In cancer, GZMK overexpression has been observed in various types of tumors, including breast, lung, and colon cancer. This overexpression is often associated with poor prognosis and decreased survival rates. Additionally, GZMK has been implicated in autoimmune disorders, such as rheumatoid arthritis and multiple sclerosis, where its dysregulation can lead to excessive immune activation and tissue damage. Furthermore, GZMK has been shown to play a role in the regulation of the gut-associated lymphoid tissue (GALT) and the development of mucosal-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT) disorders. In conclusion, Granzyme K (GZMK) is a critical component of the immune system, playing a pivotal role in the regulation of cell death and immune responses. Its dysregulation has been implicated in several diseases, highlighting the importance of understanding its function and clinical significance. Further research is necessary to fully elucidate the mechanisms underlying GZMK's role in immune regulation and disease, and to explore potential therapeutic strategies for the treatment of GZMK-related disorders.

Genular Protein ID: 1266905700

Symbol: GRAK_HUMAN

Name: Granzyme K

UniProtKB Accession Codes:

P49863 B2R563

Database IDs:

AGR 1 AlphaFoldDB 1 Antibodypedia 1 BRENDA 1 Bgee 1 BindingDB 1 BioGRID 1 BioGRID-ORCS 1 BioMuta 1 CCDS 1 CDD 1 CTD 1 ChEMBL 1 ChiTaRS 1 DMDM 1 DNASU 1 DisGeNET 1 EC 1 EMBL 5 Ensembl 1 EvolutionaryTrace 1 GO 5 Gene3D 1 GeneCards 1 GeneTree 1 GeneWiki 1 GenomeRNAi 1 HGNC 1 HOGENOM 1 HPA 1 InParanoid 1 IntAct 1 InterPro 6 KEGG 1 MANE-Select 1 MEROPS 1 MIM 1 MassIVE 1 NCBI Taxonomy 1 OMA 1 OpenTargets 1 OrthoDB 1 PANTHER 2 PDB 2 PDBsum 2 PIR 1 PRINTS 1 PRO 1 PROSITE 3 PathwayCommons 1 PaxDb 1 PeptideAtlas 1 Pfam 1 PharmGKB 1 Pharos 1 PhosphoSitePlus 1 PhylomeDB 1 Proteomes 1 ProteomicsDB 1 RNAct 1 RefSeq 1 SMART 1 SMR 1 STRING 1 SUPFAM 1 SignaLink 1 TopDownProteomics 1 TreeFam 1 UCSC 1 VEuPathDB 1 eggNOG 1 iPTMnet 1 jPOST 1 neXtProt 1

Citations:

PubMed ID: 7758581

Title: Cloning of cDNA for human granzyme 3.

PubMed ID: 7758581

DOI: 10.1016/0014-5793(95)00407-z

PubMed ID: 8656064

Title: Cloning and expression of a second human natural killer cell granule tryptase, HNK-Tryp-2/granzyme 3.

PubMed ID: 8656064

DOI: 10.1002/jlb.59.5.763

PubMed ID: 14702039

Title: Complete sequencing and characterization of 21,243 full-length human cDNAs.

PubMed ID: 14702039

DOI: 10.1038/ng1285

PubMed ID: 15489334

Title: The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC).

PubMed ID: 15489334

DOI: 10.1101/gr.2596504

PubMed ID: 3262682

Title: Characterization of three serine esterases isolated from human IL-2 activated killer cells.

PubMed ID: 3262682

PubMed ID: 1460416

Title: Purification of three cytotoxic lymphocyte granule serine proteases that induce apoptosis through distinct substrate and target cell interactions.

PubMed ID: 1460416

DOI: 10.1084/jem.176.6.1521

PubMed ID: 12384499

Title: The 2.2-A crystal structure of human pro-granzyme K reveals a rigid zymogen with unusual features.

PubMed ID: 12384499

DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m207962200

Sequence Information:

  • Length: 264
  • Mass: 28882
  • Checksum: 2A93FDBAF9286CC5
  • Sequence:
    • MTKFSSFSLF FLIVGAYMTH VCFNMEIIGG KEVSPHSRPF MASIQYGGHH VCGGVLIDPQ 
WVLTAAHCQY RFTKGQSPTV VLGAHSLSKN EASKQTLEIK KFIPFSRVTS DPQSNDIMLV 
KLQTAAKLNK HVKMLHIRSK TSLRSGTKCK VTGWGATDPD SLRPSDTLRE VTVTVLSRKL 
CNSQSYYNGD PFITKDMVCA GDAKGQKDSC KGDSGGPLIC KGVFHAIVSG GHECGVATKP 
GIYTLLTKKY QTWIKSNLVP PHTN

Database document:

This is a preview of the gene's schema. Only a few entries are kept for 'singleCellExpressions,' 'mRNAExpressions,' and other large data arrays for visualization purposes. You can zoom in with the mouse wheel for a closer view, and the text will adjust automatically if necessary. For the full schema, download it here.