Details for: BMAL1

Gene ID: 406

Gene Type:  Protein-coding  - A gene that serves as a template for producing a messenger RNA (mRNA) molecule, which is then translated into a functional protein.

Symbol: BMAL1

Ensembl ID: ENSG00000133794

Description: basic helix-loop-helix ARNT like 1

Selected Context(s):  Overall

Cell Significance Landscape

Contexts:

Associated with

Significant Cells

Cell Significance Index (CSI) scores for the chosen context(s)

  • L5 extratelencephalic projecting glutamatergic cortical neuron CL4023041
    CSI 12.61
    rCSI 45.39%
    PRS 31.45
  • L2/3-6 intratelencephalic projecting glutamatergic neuron CL4023040
    CSI 11.64
    rCSI 28.28%
    PRS 31.59
  • choroid plexus epithelial cell CL0000706
    CSI 6
    rCSI 9.82%
    PRS 39.25
  • epithelial cell of lower respiratory tract CL0002632
    CSI 5.69
    rCSI 4.41%
    PRS 49.71
  • CD4-positive helper T cell CL0000492
    CSI 5.6
    rCSI 4.24%
    PRS 62.05
  • CD4-positive, alpha-beta memory T cell CL0000897
    CSI 4.11
    rCSI 2.95%
    PRS 62.48
  • mucosal invariant T cell CL0000940
    CSI 3.37
    rCSI 2.73%
    PRS 59.13
  • effector CD8-positive, alpha-beta T cell CL0001050
    CSI 3.36
    rCSI 2.55%
    PRS 60.88
  • corticothalamic-projecting glutamatergic cortical neuron CL4023013
    CSI 3.19
    rCSI 18.79%
    PRS 34.07
  • alveolar macrophage CL0000583
    CSI 3.19
    rCSI 5.25%
    PRS 54.45
  • ionocyte CL0005006
    CSI 3.09
    rCSI 3.31%
    PRS 47.19
  • periportal region hepatocyte CL0019026
    CSI 2.93
    rCSI 11.41%
    PRS 57.06
  • Mueller cell CL0000636
    CSI 2.6
    rCSI 5.93%
    PRS 42.05
  • double negative thymocyte CL0002489
    CSI 2.51
    rCSI 1.74%
    PRS 58.37
  • naive T cell CL0000898
    CSI 2.43
    rCSI 1.69%
    PRS 62.4
  • adventitial cell CL0002503
    CSI 2.37
    rCSI 5.65%
    PRS 58.9
  • retinal rod cell CL0000604
    CSI 2.3
    rCSI 4.05%
    PRS 46.91
  • direct pathway medium spiny neuron CL4023026
    CSI 2.27
    rCSI 54.44%
    PRS 32.1
  • indirect pathway medium spiny neuron CL4023029
    CSI 2.25
    rCSI 54.32%
    PRS 33
  • bronchus fibroblast of lung CL2000093
    CSI 2.23
    rCSI 1.81%
    PRS 49.55
  • ON-bipolar cell CL0000749
    CSI 2.23
    rCSI 3.31%
    PRS 51.19
  • brush cell of tracheobronchial tree CL0002075
    CSI 2.22
    rCSI 6.58%
    PRS 59.84
  • pvalb GABAergic cortical interneuron CL4023018
    CSI 2.2
    rCSI 2.74%
    PRS 30.97
  • activated CD4-positive, alpha-beta T cell CL0000896
    CSI 2.2
    rCSI 2.03%
    PRS 69.48
  • melanocyte CL0000148
    CSI 2.13
    rCSI 1.58%
    PRS 42.27
  • Kupffer cell CL0000091
    CSI 2.1
    rCSI 4.79%
    PRS 48.39
  • group 3 innate lymphoid cell CL0001071
    CSI 2
    rCSI 1.5%
    PRS 52.85
  • chondrocyte CL0000138
    CSI 1.99
    rCSI 3.16%
    PRS 41.75
  • alpha-beta T cell CL0000789
    CSI 1.97
    rCSI 2.31%
    PRS 64.82
  • interneuron CL0000099
    CSI 1.93
    rCSI 3.88%
    PRS 38.66
  • mature T cell CL0002419
    CSI 1.9
    rCSI 1.48%
    PRS 66.74
  • chandelier pvalb GABAergic cortical interneuron CL4023036
    CSI 1.89
    rCSI 5.92%
    PRS 36.31
  • lung secretory cell CL1000272
    CSI 1.88
    rCSI 4.64%
    PRS 46.98
  • keratinocyte CL0000312
    CSI 1.83
    rCSI 1.53%
    PRS 53.94
  • activated type II NK T cell CL0000931
    CSI 1.79
    rCSI 2.02%
    PRS 65.5
  • myeloid leukocyte CL0000766
    CSI 1.79
    rCSI 1.65%
    PRS 49.82
  • basal cell CL0000646
    CSI 1.77
    rCSI 2.37%
    PRS 50.25
  • caudal ganglionic eminence derived cortical interneuron CL4023064
    CSI 1.75
    rCSI 3.1%
    PRS 31.66
  • vascular leptomeningeal cell CL4023051
    CSI 1.72
    rCSI 3.01%
    PRS 41.23
  • fibroblast of lung CL0002553
    CSI 1.7
    rCSI 1.59%
    PRS 48.7
  • effector memory CD8-positive, alpha-beta T cell CL0000913
    CSI 1.69
    rCSI 1.54%
    PRS 63.82
  • rod bipolar cell CL0000751
    CSI 1.64
    rCSI 2.95%
    PRS 42.31
  • cerebral cortex endothelial cell CL1001602
    CSI 1.63
    rCSI 2.82%
    PRS 39.53
  • erythrocyte CL0000232
    CSI 1.61
    rCSI 3.65%
    PRS 54.2
  • lamp5 GABAergic cortical interneuron CL4023011
    CSI 1.61
    rCSI 2.7%
    PRS 32.62
  • effector CD4-positive, alpha-beta T cell CL0001044
    CSI 1.59
    rCSI 4.57%
    PRS 67.42
  • medium spiny neuron CL1001474
    CSI 1.56
    rCSI 13.42%
    PRS 36.46
  • CD14-positive monocyte CL0001054
    CSI 1.54
    rCSI 1.91%
    PRS 60.12
  • central nervous system neuron CL2000029
    CSI 1.53
    rCSI 11.26%
    PRS 36.66
  • sst GABAergic cortical interneuron CL4023017
    CSI 1.52
    rCSI 1.96%
    PRS 33.6
  • respiratory suprabasal cell CL4033048
    CSI 1.51
    rCSI 1.94%
    PRS 53.83
  • hepatocyte CL0000182
    CSI 1.5
    rCSI 2.68%
    PRS 47.53
  • conjunctival epithelial cell CL1000432
    CSI 1.47
    rCSI 2.25%
    PRS 49.61
  • lung ciliated cell CL1000271
    CSI 1.41
    rCSI 1.63%
    PRS 39.11
  • VIP GABAergic cortical interneuron CL4023016
    CSI 1.4
    rCSI 1.67%
    PRS 32.45
  • cardiac neuron CL0010022
    CSI 1.4
    rCSI 4.48%
    PRS 45.89
  • fibroblast of cardiac tissue CL0002548
    CSI 1.4
    rCSI 6.69%
    PRS 47.82
  • retinal bipolar neuron CL0000748
    CSI 1.32
    rCSI 2.47%
    PRS 38.36
  • retina horizontal cell CL0000745
    CSI 1.31
    rCSI 1.99%
    PRS 45.5
  • sncg GABAergic cortical interneuron CL4023015
    CSI 1.27
    rCSI 2.04%
    PRS 34.81
  • adipocyte CL0000136
    CSI 1.26
    rCSI 1.62%
    PRS 43.79
  • double-positive, alpha-beta thymocyte CL0000809
    CSI 1.23
    rCSI 1.25%
    PRS 62.51
  • ependymal cell CL0000065
    CSI 1.22
    rCSI 2.48%
    PRS 30.9
  • corneal epithelial cell CL0000575
    CSI 1.2
    rCSI 3.44%
    PRS 64.87
  • glycinergic amacrine cell CL4030028
    CSI 1.2
    rCSI 3.12%
    PRS 48.09
  • L4 intratelencephalic projecting glutamatergic neuron CL4030063
    CSI 1.19
    rCSI 2.84%
    PRS 37.75
  • astrocyte of the cerebral cortex CL0002605
    CSI 1.15
    rCSI 2.57%
    PRS 33.44
  • retinal cone cell CL0000573
    CSI 1.11
    rCSI 1.78%
    PRS 39.45
  • retinal ganglion cell CL0000740
    CSI 1.09
    rCSI 2.41%
    PRS 36.76
  • CD8-positive, alpha-beta cytotoxic T cell CL0000794
    CSI 1.03
    rCSI 1.23%
    PRS 69.28
  • L2/3 intratelencephalic projecting glutamatergic neuron CL4030059
    CSI 0.99
    rCSI 2.15%
    PRS 38.68
  • effector memory CD8-positive, alpha-beta T cell, terminally differentiated CL0001062
    CSI 0.96
    rCSI 4.82%
    PRS 60.46
  • S cone cell CL0003050
    CSI 0.96
    rCSI 4.2%
    PRS 46.2
  • glutamatergic neuron CL0000679
    CSI 0.91
    rCSI 1.87%
    PRS 42.19
  • kidney connecting tubule epithelial cell CL1000768
    CSI 0.83
    rCSI 2.09%
    PRS 39.14
  • GABAergic amacrine cell CL4030027
    CSI 0.81
    rCSI 2.78%
    PRS 39.69
  • near-projecting glutamatergic cortical neuron CL4023012
    CSI 0.77
    rCSI 2.9%
    PRS 33.5
  • CD14-low, CD16-positive monocyte CL0002396
    CSI 0.77
    rCSI 0.59%
    PRS 48.08
  • alveolar adventitial fibroblast CL4028006
    CSI 0.73
    rCSI 1.16%
    PRS 50.2
  • L5/6 near-projecting glutamatergic neuron CL4030067
    CSI 0.72
    rCSI 2.37%
    PRS 37.28
  • L6b glutamatergic cortical neuron CL4023038
    CSI 0.71
    rCSI 2.22%
    PRS 33.96
  • ON parasol ganglion cell CL4033052
    CSI 0.69
    rCSI 9.84%
    PRS 40.92
  • serotonergic neuron CL0000850
    CSI 0.66
    rCSI 2.95%
    PRS 34.48
  • amacrine cell CL0000561
    CSI 0.61
    rCSI 1.76%
    PRS 40.02
  • dopaminergic neuron CL0000700
    CSI 0.61
    rCSI 3.42%
    PRS 35.09
  • diffuse bipolar 3a cell CL4033029
    CSI 0.59
    rCSI 3.99%
    PRS 45.98
  • glial cell CL0000125
    CSI 0.54
    rCSI 2.05%
    PRS 41.62
  • stromal cell of ovary CL0002132
    CSI 0.36
    rCSI 1%
    PRS 64.48
  • regular ventricular cardiac myocyte CL0002131
    CSI 0.35
    rCSI 2.19%
    PRS 41.29
  • OFF midget ganglion cell CL4033047
    CSI 0.3
    rCSI 6.06%
    PRS 42.26
  • ON midget ganglion cell CL4033046
    CSI 0.23
    rCSI 4.65%
    PRS 40.97

Cell ID: Standard Cell Ontology term used for mapping and comparing cells across experiments. Ensures consistency in analyzing cellular functions across tissues.
Fold Change: Represents the ratio of the current Cell Significance Index to the Cell Significance Index Threshold, indicating how much the gene expression has changed compared to a baseline.
Cell Significance Index: Reflects how strongly a gene is expressed in this specific cell.

Cell ID: Standard Cell Ontology term used for mapping and comparing cells across experiments. Ensures consistency in analyzing cellular functions across tissues.
Fold Change: Represents the ratio of the current Cell Significance Index to the Cell Significance Index Threshold, indicating how much the gene expression has changed compared to a baseline.
Cell Significance Index: Reflects how strongly a gene is expressed in this cell type. Calculated using techniques like effect size estimation and bootstrapping for reliability.

Cell ID: Standard Cell Ontology term used for mapping and comparing cells across experiments. Ensures consistency in analyzing cellular functions across tissues.
Fold Change: Represents the ratio of the current Cell Significance Index to the Cell Significance Index Threshold, indicating how much the gene expression has changed compared to a baseline.
Cell Significance Index: Reflects how strongly a gene is expressed in this cell type. Calculated using techniques like effect size estimation and bootstrapping for reliability.
Network Configuration

Explore relationships of the current gene. Select an Interaction Source: 'ONTOLOGY' for shared pathways (GO/Reactome) or 'STRING' for protein-protein interactions. Further refine by selecting context genes and comparing Cell Significance Index (CSI) scores between baseline and target cell types and their specific contexts.

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Comma-separated if multiple.

Legend:
  • Query Gene
  • Node Color (Target Cell CSI, relative to current network):
    • Very High
    • High
    • Medium
    • Low
    • Very Low
    • CSI N/A
  • Node Size: Proportional to Target Cell CSI magnitude
  • STRING PPI Edge
  • Shared Pathway Edge (ONTOLOGY)

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Other Information

This section provides additional information about the gene, including a description generated by an AI language model and details about associated proteins.

## Summary [BMAL1](/details-gene/406) (Basic Helix-Loop-Helix ARNT Like 1), also known as ARNTL, is a protein-coding gene located on chromosome 11. It encodes a core transcription factor belonging to the basic helix-loop-helix-PAS (bHLH-PAS) superfamily. As a central component of the molecular clock, [BMAL1](/details-gene/406) forms a heterodimer with the CLOCK or NPAS2 protein, which then drives the rhythmic expression of a vast array of genes by binding to E-box DNA sequence elements in their promoters ([Link](https://doi.org/10.1126/science.280.5369.1564)). This function establishes it as a master regulator of circadian rhythms, influencing processes from metabolism and cell cycle to immune responses. Its clinical significance is highlighted by its association with OMIM entry [602550](https://omim.org/entry/602550). Consistent with its fundamental role, expression data reveals that [BMAL1](/details-gene/406) is a significant gene in a wide range of cell types, showing particularly high importance in various glutamatergic neurons, epithelial cells, and T lymphocytes, underscoring its broad physiological impact. ## Cellular Roles and Expression Landscape The expression profile of [BMAL1](/details-gene/406) underscores its ubiquitous yet distinct roles across multiple organ systems. **Overall**, the gene exhibits the highest significance in neuronal populations, including [L5 extratelencephalic projecting glutamatergic cortical neuron](/details-cell/CL4023041) (CSI: 12.61) and [L2/3-6 intratelencephalic projecting glutamatergic neuron](/details-cell/CL4023040) (CSI: 11.64). This is consistent with the brain's role as the central coordinator of circadian physiology. Beyond the nervous system, [BMAL1](/details-gene/406) is also highly significant in various epithelial tissues, as evidenced by its high CSI in [choroid plexus epithelial cell](/details-cell/CL0000706) and [epithelial cell of lower respiratory tract](/details-cell/CL0002632). This suggests a critical function in maintaining circadian homeostasis at barrier surfaces and in fluid regulation. Furthermore, [BMAL1](/details-gene/406) plays a prominent role within the immune system, with high significance scores in [CD4-positive helper T cell](/details-cell/CL0000492), [CD4-positive, alpha-beta memory T cell](/details-cell/CL0000897), and [effector CD8-positive, alpha-beta T cell](/details-cell/CL0001050). This pattern indicates that core clock machinery is integral to the function and regulation of both adaptive and innate immune cells, including [alveolar macrophage](/details-cell/CL0000583). Its significance in metabolically active cells like [periportal region hepatocyte](/details-cell/CL0019026) further highlights its role in coordinating systemic energy balance. The broad but high-level expression across these diverse cell types points to [BMAL1](/details-gene/406) as a fundamental regulator linking cellular timekeeping to specialized physiological functions. ## Pathways and Molecular Function Functionally, [BMAL1](/details-gene/406) operates as a sequence-specific DNA-binding transcription factor ([GO:0000981](https://www.ebi.ac.uk/QuickGO/term/GO:0000981)). Its molecular activity is centered on its ability to form a heterodimer with CLOCK or NPAS2, creating the core [Clock-bmal transcription complex](/details-cell/GO:1990513) ([Link](https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.95.10.5474)). This complex binds to E-box sequences ([GO:0070888](https://www.ebi.ac.uk/QuickGO/term/GO:0070888)) on the promoters of clock-controlled genes, activating their transcription as detailed in the Reactome pathway [Bmal1:clock,npas2 activates circadian gene expression](/details-cell/R-HSA-1368108). This activity is the primary driver of the positive limb of the mammalian [Circadian clock](/details-cell/R-HSA-400253). The downstream biological processes orchestrated by [BMAL1](/details-gene/406) are extensive. Its primary role is in [Circadian rhythm](/details-cell/GO:0007623) and the [Circadian regulation of gene expression](/details-cell/GO:0032922). This central timekeeping function connects to a wide array of other vital processes. For instance, its involvement in [Energy homeostasis](/details-cell/GO:0097009) and the [Regulation of lipid metabolism by pparalpha](/details-cell/R-HSA-400206) is consistent with its high expression in hepatocytes. Furthermore, its roles in the [Regulation of cell cycle](/details-cell/GO:0051726) and [Regulation of cellular senescence](/details-cell/GO:2000772) suggest it acts as a crucial node integrating daily rhythms with fundamental cellular decisions. The gene's activity is also implicated in developmental and homeostatic processes such as [Regulation of neurogenesis](/details-cell/GO:0050767), [Regulation of hair cycle](/details-cell/GO:0042634) ([Link](https://doi.org/10.1007/s00403-013-1403-0)), and [Spermatogenesis](/details-cell/GO:0007283), illustrating the pervasive influence of the circadian clock across organismal physiology. ## Research Directions The widespread significance of [BMAL1](/details-gene/406) across neuronal, immune, and metabolic cell types provides a rich landscape for future research. Its role as a master integrator of cellular timekeeping with specialized function warrants further investigation, particularly at the interfaces between these systems. **Testable Hypotheses:** 1. Given its high significance in both glutamatergic neurons and diverse T cell subsets, dysfunction in neuronal [BMAL1](/details-gene/406) may directly alter the circadian programming of T cell function through rhythmic neuro-immune signaling. This could contribute to the diurnal variation observed in the severity of neuroinflammatory diseases like multiple sclerosis. 2. The high significance of [BMAL1](/details-gene/406) in [CD4-positive helper T cell](/details-cell/CL0000492) coupled with its established role in [Energy homeostasis](/details-cell/GO:0097009) suggests that it is a critical gatekeeper for the metabolic reprogramming required for T cell activation and differentiation. Disruption of [BMAL1](/details-gene/406) may uncouple T cell effector function from metabolic capacity, impairing effective immune responses. **Proposed Experiment:** To test the hypothesis that [BMAL1](/details-gene/406) is essential for T cell metabolic reprogramming (Hypothesis 2), a robust experimental approach would involve using a conditional knockout mouse model with [BMAL1](/details-gene/406) specifically deleted in T cells (e.g., CD4-Cre;Bmal1-fl/fl). Naive CD4+ T cells would be isolated from these mice and wild-type controls. Following *in vitro* activation with anti-CD3/CD28 antibodies, key metabolic parameters could be assessed over a time course. Real-time metabolic flux analysis (e.g., Seahorse) would be used to measure rates of glycolysis and oxidative phosphorylation. In parallel, RNA-sequencing would profile the expression of key metabolic enzymes and transcription factors, while flow cytometry would determine the efficiency of differentiation into Th1, Th2, and Th17 lineages. A finding that [BMAL1](/details-gene/406)-deficient T cells fail to appropriately upregulate glycolysis and subsequently show impaired proliferation and differentiation would provide strong evidence for its role as a metabolic gatekeeper in T cell immunity. **Therapeutic Potential:** As a master transcriptional regulator with ubiquitous expression, direct systemic inhibition or activation of [BMAL1](/details-gene/406) itself presents a significant challenge for therapeutic development due to the high risk of on-target, off-tissue side effects. However, its central role in linking the circadian clock to pathophysiology makes it an exceptional target for chronotherapy. Modulating the timing of existing drugs to align with [BMAL1](/details-gene/406)-driven rhythms in drug metabolism or disease activity could enhance efficacy and reduce toxicity. More targeted approaches could involve the development of small-molecule modulators that specifically disrupt or stabilize the interaction of [BMAL1](/details-gene/406) with CLOCK or other tissue-specific co-regulators, potentially offering a more refined strategy to therapeutically manipulate circadian function in specific disease contexts.

Genular Protein ID: 4091294589

Symbol: BMAL1_HUMAN

Name: Aryl hydrocarbon receptor nuclear translocator-like protein 1

UniProtKB Accession Codes:

Database IDs:

Citations:

PubMed ID: 9144434

Title: cDNA cloning and tissue-specific expression of a novel basic helix-loop-helix/PAS protein (BMAL1) and identification of alternatively spliced variants with alternative translation initiation site usage.

PubMed ID: 9144434

DOI: 10.1006/bbrc.1997.6371

PubMed ID: 9079689

Title: Characterization of a subset of the basic-helix-loop-helix-PAS superfamily that interacts with components of the dioxin signaling pathway.

PubMed ID: 9079689

DOI: 10.1074/jbc.272.13.8581

PubMed ID: 9576906

Title: The basic-helix-loop-helix-PAS orphan MOP3 forms transcriptionally active complexes with circadian and hypoxia factors.

PubMed ID: 9576906

DOI: 10.1073/pnas.95.10.5474

PubMed ID: 14702039

Title: Complete sequencing and characterization of 21,243 full-length human cDNAs.

PubMed ID: 14702039

DOI: 10.1038/ng1285

PubMed ID: 16554811

Title: Human chromosome 11 DNA sequence and analysis including novel gene identification.

PubMed ID: 16554811

DOI: 10.1038/nature04632

PubMed ID: 15489334

Title: The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC).

PubMed ID: 15489334

DOI: 10.1101/gr.2596504

PubMed ID: 9616112

Title: Role of the CLOCK protein in the mammalian circadian mechanism.

PubMed ID: 9616112

DOI: 10.1126/science.280.5369.1564

PubMed ID: 11441146

Title: Regulation of clock and NPAS2 DNA binding by the redox state of NAD cofactors.

PubMed ID: 11441146

DOI: 10.1126/science.1060698

PubMed ID: 12738229

Title: Regulation of the PAI-1 promoter by circadian clock components: differential activation by BMAL1 and BMAL2.

PubMed ID: 12738229

DOI: 10.1016/s0022-2828(03)00051-8

PubMed ID: 14645221

Title: Histone acetyltransferase-dependent chromatin remodeling and the vascular clock.

PubMed ID: 14645221

DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m311973200

PubMed ID: 16474406

Title: Feedback repression is required for mammalian circadian clock function.

PubMed ID: 16474406

DOI: 10.1038/ng1745

PubMed ID: 18587630

Title: CLOCK/BMAL1 regulates human nocturnin transcription through binding to the E-box of nocturnin promoter.

PubMed ID: 18587630

DOI: 10.1007/s11010-008-9846-x

PubMed ID: 21960634

Title: Histone lysine demethylase JARID1a activates CLOCK-BMAL1 and influences the circadian clock.

PubMed ID: 21960634

DOI: 10.1126/science.1206022

PubMed ID: 23576606

Title: Mechanism of the circadian clock in physiology.

PubMed ID: 23576606

DOI: 10.1152/ajpregu.00066.2013

PubMed ID: 23955654

Title: The clock gene brain and muscle Arnt-like protein-1 (BMAL1) is involved in hair growth.

PubMed ID: 23955654

DOI: 10.1007/s00403-013-1403-0

PubMed ID: 23785138

Title: p75 neurotrophin receptor is a clock gene that regulates oscillatory components of circadian and metabolic networks.

PubMed ID: 23785138

DOI: 10.1523/jneurosci.2757-12.2013

PubMed ID: 23303907

Title: Metabolism and the circadian clock converge.

PubMed ID: 23303907

DOI: 10.1152/physrev.00016.2012

PubMed ID: 24385426

Title: Gene model 129 (Gm129) encodes a novel transcriptional repressor that modulates circadian gene expression.

PubMed ID: 24385426

DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m113.534651

PubMed ID: 24005054

Title: A meeting of two chronobiological systems: circadian proteins Period1 and BMAL1 modulate the human hair cycle clock.

PubMed ID: 24005054

DOI: 10.1038/jid.2013.366

PubMed ID: 24728990

Title: The E3 ubiquitin ligase UBE3A is an integral component of the molecular circadian clock through regulating the BMAL1 transcription factor.

PubMed ID: 24728990

DOI: 10.1093/nar/gku225

PubMed ID: 23916625

Title: Molecular architecture of the mammalian circadian clock.

PubMed ID: 23916625

DOI: 10.1016/j.tcb.2013.07.002

PubMed ID: 25936801

Title: Cancer/testis antigen PASD1 silences the circadian clock.

PubMed ID: 25936801

DOI: 10.1016/j.molcel.2015.03.031

PubMed ID: 28985504

Title: CLOCK acetylates ASS1 to drive circadian rhythm of ureagenesis.

PubMed ID: 28985504

DOI: 10.1016/j.molcel.2017.09.008

PubMed ID: 28112733

Title: Site-specific mapping of the human SUMO proteome reveals co-modification with phosphorylation.

PubMed ID: 28112733

DOI: 10.1038/nsmb.3366

PubMed ID: 28903391

Title: Cancer/testis antigen PIWIL2 suppresses circadian rhythms by regulating the stability and activity of BMAL1 and CLOCK.

PubMed ID: 28903391

DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.18973

PubMed ID: 29626158

Title: Deubiquitinating enzyme USP9X regulates cellular clock function by modulating the ubiquitination and degradation of a core circadian protein BMAL1.

PubMed ID: 29626158

DOI: 10.1042/bcj20180005

PubMed ID: 30530698

Title: Nuclear receptor HNF4A transrepresses CLOCK:BMAL1 and modulates tissue-specific circadian networks.

PubMed ID: 30530698

DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1816411115

PubMed ID: 34545347

Title: The circadian clock component BMAL1 regulates SARS-CoV-2 entry and replication in lung epithelial cells.

PubMed ID: 34545347

DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2021.103144

PubMed ID: 23229515

Title: Intermolecular recognition revealed by the complex structure of human CLOCK-BMAL1 basic helix-loop-helix domains with E-box DNA.

PubMed ID: 23229515

DOI: 10.1038/cr.2012.170

Sequence Information:

  • Length: 626
  • Mass: 68762
  • Checksum: 820F0E07DC6265A6
  • Sequence:
  • MADQRMDISS TISDFMSPGP TDLLSSSLGT SGVDCNRKRK GSSTDYQESM DTDKDDPHGR 
    LEYTEHQGRI KNAREAHSQI EKRRRDKMNS FIDELASLVP TCNAMSRKLD KLTVLRMAVQ 
    HMKTLRGATN PYTEANYKPT FLSDDELKHL ILRAADGFLF VVGCDRGKIL FVSESVFKIL 
    NYSQNDLIGQ SLFDYLHPKD IAKVKEQLSS SDTAPRERLI DAKTGLPVKT DITPGPSRLC 
    SGARRSFFCR MKCNRPSVKV EDKDFPSTCS KKKADRKSFC TIHSTGYLKS WPPTKMGLDE 
    DNEPDNEGCN LSCLVAIGRL HSHVVPQPVN GEIRVKSMEY VSRHAIDGKF VFVDQRATAI 
    LAYLPQELLG TSCYEYFHQD DIGHLAECHR QVLQTREKIT TNCYKFKIKD GSFITLRSRW 
    FSFMNPWTKE VEYIVSTNTV VLANVLEGGD PTFPQLTASP HSMDSMLPSG EGGPKRTHPT 
    VPGIPGGTRA GAGKIGRMIA EEIMEIHRIR GSSPSSCGSS PLNITSTPPP DASSPGGKKI 
    LNGGTPDIPS SGLLSGQAQE NPGYPYSDSS SILGENPHIG IDMIDNDQGS SSPSNDEAAM 
    AVIMSLLEAD AGLGGPVDFS DLPWPL

Genular Protein ID: 3562297855

Symbol: A0A669KBF4_HUMAN

Name: N/A

UniProtKB Accession Codes:

Database IDs:

Citations:

PubMed ID: 11237011

Title: Initial sequencing and analysis of the human genome.

PubMed ID: 11237011

DOI: 10.1038/35057062

PubMed ID: 15496913

Title: Finishing the euchromatic sequence of the human genome.

PubMed ID: 15496913

DOI: 10.1038/nature03001

PubMed ID: 16554811

Title: Human chromosome 11 DNA sequence and analysis including novel gene identification.

PubMed ID: 16554811

DOI: 10.1038/nature04632

Sequence Information:

  • Length: 630
  • Mass: 69238
  • Checksum: A98ECCAF36F68F0A
  • Sequence:
  • MADQRMDISS TISDFMSPGP TDLLSSSLGT SGVDCNRKRK GSSTDYQESM DTDKDDPHGR 
    LEYTEHQGRI KNAREAHSQI EKRRRDKMNS FIDELASLVP TCNAMSRKLD KLTVLRMAVQ 
    HMKTLRGATN PYTEANYKPT FLSDDELKHL ILRAADGFLF VVGCDRGKIL FVSESVFKIL 
    NYSQNDLIGQ SLFDYLHPKD IAKVKEQLSS SDTAPRERLI DAKTGLPVKT DITPGPSRLC 
    SGARRSFFCR MKCNRPSVKV EDKDFPSTCS KKKDRKSFCT IHSTGYLKSW PPTKMGLDED 
    NEPDNEGCNL SCLVAIGRLH SHVVPQPVNG EIRVKSMEYV SRHAIDGKFV FVDQRATAIL 
    AYLPQELLGT SCYEYFHQDD IGHLAECHRQ VLQTREKITT NCYKFKIKDG SFITLRSRWF 
    SFMNPWTKEV EYIVSTNTVV LANVLEGGDP TFPQLTASPH SMDSMLPSGE DSFVVGGPKR 
    THPTVPGIPG GTRAGAGKIG RMIAEEIMEI HRIRGSSPSS CGSSPLNITS TPPPDASSPG 
    GKKILNGGTP DIPSSGLLSG QAQENPGYPY SDSSSILGEN PHIGIDMIDN DQGSSSPSND 
    EAAMAVIMSL LEADAGLGGP VDFSDLPWPL

Genular Protein ID: 439758122

Symbol: A0A140VKD3_HUMAN

Name: N/A

UniProtKB Accession Codes:

Database IDs:

Sequence Information:

  • Length: 625
  • Mass: 68691
  • Checksum: 3F3F7D5688A6FFE2
  • Sequence:
  • MADQRMDISS TISDFMSPGP TDLLSSSLGT SGVDCNRKRK GSSTDYQESM DTDKDDPHGR 
    LEYTEHQGRI KNAREAHSQI EKRRRDKMNS FIDELASLVP TCNAMSRKLD KLTVLRMAVQ 
    HMKTLRGATN PYTEANYKPT FLSDDELKHL ILRAADGFLF VVGCDRGKIL FVSESVFKIL 
    NYSQNDLIGQ SLFDYLHPKD IAKVKEQLSS SDTAPRERLI DAKTGLPVKT DITPGPSRLC 
    SGARRSFFCR MKCNRPSVKV EDKDFPSTCS KKKDRKSFCT IHSTGYLKSW PPTKMGLDED 
    NEPDNEGCNL SCLVAIGRLH SHVVPQPVNG EIRVKSMEYV SRHAIDGKFV FVDQRATAIL 
    AYLPQELLGT SCYEYFHQDD IGHLAECHRQ VLQTREKITT NCYKFKIKDG SFITLRSRWF 
    SFMNPWTKEV EYIVSTNTVV LANVLEGGDP TFPQLTASPH SMDSMLPSGE GGPKRTHPTV 
    PGIPGGTRAG AGKIGRMIAE EIMEIHRIRG SSPSSCGSSP LNITSTPPPD ASSPGGKKIL 
    NGGTPDIPSS GLLSGQAQEN PGYPYSDSSS ILGENPHIGI DMIDNDQGSS SPSNDEAAMA 
    VIMSLLEADA GLGGPVDFSD LPWPL

Genular Protein ID: 3216779482

Symbol: B2RCL8_HUMAN

Name: N/A

UniProtKB Accession Codes:

Database IDs:

Sequence Information:

  • Length: 626
  • Mass: 68778
  • Checksum: 6755CFB1070FD367
  • Sequence:
  • MADQRMDISS TISDFMSPGP TDLLSSSLGT SGVDCNRKRK GSSTDYQESM DTDKDDPHGR 
    LEYTEHQGRI KNAREAHSQI EKRRRDKMNS FIDELASLVP TCNAMSRKLD KLTVLRMAVQ 
    HMKTLRGATN PYTEANYKPT FLSDDELKHL ILRAADGFLF VVGCDRGKIL FVSESVFKIL 
    NYSQNDLIGQ SLFDYLHPKD IAKVKEQLSS SDTAPRERLI DAKTGLPVKT DITPGPSRLC 
    SGARRSFFCR MKCNRPSVKV EDKDFPSTCS KKKADRKSFC TIHSTGYLKS WPPTKMGLDE 
    DNEPDNEGCN LSCLVAIGRL HSHVVPQPVN GEIRVKSMEY VSRHAIDGKF VFVDQRATAI 
    LAYLPQELLG TSCYEYFHQD DIGHLAECHR QVLQTREKIT TNCYKFKIKD GSFITLRSRW 
    FSFMNPWTKE VEYIVSTNTV VLANVLEGGD PTFPQLTASP HSMDSMLPSG EGGPKRTHPT 
    VPGIPGGTRA GAGKIGRMIA EEIMEIHRIR GSSPSSCGSS LLNITSTPPP DASSPGGKKI 
    LNGGTPDIPS SGLLSGQAQE NPGYPYSDSS SILGENPHIG IDMIDNDQGS SSPSNDEAAM 
    AVIMSLLEAD AGLGGPVDFS DLPWPL