Details for: VRK3

Gene ID: 51231

Symbol: VRK3

Ensembl ID: ENSG00000105053

Description: VRK serine/threonine kinase 3

Associated with

Cells (max top 100)

(Cell Significance Index and respective Thresholds are uniquely calculated using our advanced thresholding algorithms to reveal cell-specific gene markers)

  • Cell Name: polychromatophilic erythroblast (CL0000550)
    Fold Change: 139.4128
    Cell Significance Index: -21.6900
  • Cell Name: hematopoietic oligopotent progenitor cell (CL0002032)
    Fold Change: 85.5138
    Cell Significance Index: -21.6900
  • Cell Name: smooth muscle fiber of ileum (CL1000278)
    Fold Change: 58.8406
    Cell Significance Index: -27.7800
  • Cell Name: mucosal type mast cell (CL0000485)
    Fold Change: 58.1651
    Cell Significance Index: -23.6300
  • Cell Name: embryonic stem cell (CL0002322)
    Fold Change: 57.7501
    Cell Significance Index: -23.7900
  • Cell Name: peripheral blood mononuclear cell (CL2000001)
    Fold Change: 52.0427
    Cell Significance Index: -26.7700
  • Cell Name: ciliated cell of the bronchus (CL0002332)
    Fold Change: 24.8601
    Cell Significance Index: -23.7400
  • Cell Name: orthochromatic erythroblast (CL0000552)
    Fold Change: 20.6820
    Cell Significance Index: -25.5000
  • Cell Name: CD8-alpha-beta-positive, alpha-beta intraepithelial T cell (CL0000796)
    Fold Change: 8.0967
    Cell Significance Index: -21.6900
  • Cell Name: stromal cell of bone marrow (CL0010001)
    Fold Change: 6.8423
    Cell Significance Index: -27.0000
  • Cell Name: CD8-positive, alpha-beta regulatory T cell (CL0000795)
    Fold Change: 5.3851
    Cell Significance Index: -16.5400
  • Cell Name: epidermal Langerhans cell (CL0002457)
    Fold Change: 4.4138
    Cell Significance Index: -9.6600
  • Cell Name: epithelial cell of small intestine (CL0002254)
    Fold Change: 1.7922
    Cell Significance Index: 291.4900
  • Cell Name: eye photoreceptor cell (CL0000287)
    Fold Change: 1.4927
    Cell Significance Index: 94.0800
  • Cell Name: gut absorptive cell (CL0000677)
    Fold Change: 1.3054
    Cell Significance Index: 78.3700
  • Cell Name: intestinal crypt stem cell of colon (CL0009043)
    Fold Change: 1.2255
    Cell Significance Index: 133.3000
  • Cell Name: paneth cell of epithelium of small intestine (CL1000343)
    Fold Change: 0.8313
    Cell Significance Index: 18.0100
  • Cell Name: conjunctival epithelial cell (CL1000432)
    Fold Change: 0.6882
    Cell Significance Index: 9.3900
  • Cell Name: colon goblet cell (CL0009039)
    Fold Change: 0.5871
    Cell Significance Index: 58.0800
  • Cell Name: enterocyte of epithelium of large intestine (CL0002071)
    Fold Change: 0.5860
    Cell Significance Index: 26.5600
  • Cell Name: L2/3-6 intratelencephalic projecting glutamatergic neuron (CL4023040)
    Fold Change: 0.5625
    Cell Significance Index: 112.8400
  • Cell Name: cell in vitro (CL0001034)
    Fold Change: 0.5463
    Cell Significance Index: 298.3300
  • Cell Name: enterocyte of epithelium of small intestine (CL1000334)
    Fold Change: 0.5257
    Cell Significance Index: 15.1500
  • Cell Name: early pro-B cell (CL0002046)
    Fold Change: 0.5190
    Cell Significance Index: 33.4900
  • Cell Name: glycinergic neuron (CL1001509)
    Fold Change: 0.5087
    Cell Significance Index: 26.7100
  • Cell Name: bladder urothelial cell (CL1001428)
    Fold Change: 0.4890
    Cell Significance Index: 25.4000
  • Cell Name: intermediate cell of urothelium (CL4030055)
    Fold Change: 0.4522
    Cell Significance Index: 81.5200
  • Cell Name: acinar cell of salivary gland (CL0002623)
    Fold Change: 0.3991
    Cell Significance Index: 18.6100
  • Cell Name: enteroendocrine cell of colon (CL0009042)
    Fold Change: 0.3611
    Cell Significance Index: 68.7200
  • Cell Name: neoplastic cell (CL0001063)
    Fold Change: 0.3547
    Cell Significance Index: 70.4000
  • Cell Name: obsolete caudal ganglionic eminence derived GABAergic cortical interneuron (CL4023070)
    Fold Change: 0.3476
    Cell Significance Index: 124.7000
  • Cell Name: tonsil germinal center B cell (CL2000006)
    Fold Change: 0.3007
    Cell Significance Index: 35.4600
  • Cell Name: placental villous trophoblast (CL2000060)
    Fold Change: 0.3005
    Cell Significance Index: 8.0300
  • Cell Name: basal cell of urothelium (CL1000486)
    Fold Change: 0.2881
    Cell Significance Index: 35.4300
  • Cell Name: tuft cell of colon (CL0009041)
    Fold Change: 0.2537
    Cell Significance Index: 229.1100
  • Cell Name: GABAergic interneuron (CL0011005)
    Fold Change: 0.2528
    Cell Significance Index: 174.8600
  • Cell Name: stromal cell of ovary (CL0002132)
    Fold Change: 0.2217
    Cell Significance Index: 30.4400
  • Cell Name: odontoblast (CL0000060)
    Fold Change: 0.1802
    Cell Significance Index: 23.1000
  • Cell Name: cardiac muscle myoblast (CL0000513)
    Fold Change: 0.1622
    Cell Significance Index: 12.4500
  • Cell Name: hair follicular keratinocyte (CL2000092)
    Fold Change: 0.1369
    Cell Significance Index: 60.5300
  • Cell Name: basal epithelial cell of tracheobronchial tree (CL0002329)
    Fold Change: 0.1345
    Cell Significance Index: 3.7600
  • Cell Name: intestinal crypt stem cell of small intestine (CL0009017)
    Fold Change: 0.1085
    Cell Significance Index: 2.3100
  • Cell Name: luminal adaptive secretory precursor cell of mammary gland (CL4033057)
    Fold Change: 0.0872
    Cell Significance Index: 4.1000
  • Cell Name: lactocyte (CL0002325)
    Fold Change: 0.0682
    Cell Significance Index: 8.8100
  • Cell Name: progenitor cell of mammary luminal epithelium (CL0009116)
    Fold Change: 0.0517
    Cell Significance Index: 3.8500
  • Cell Name: pancreatic acinar cell (CL0002064)
    Fold Change: 0.0068
    Cell Significance Index: 1.1600
  • Cell Name: basal cell of prostate epithelium (CL0002341)
    Fold Change: 0.0062
    Cell Significance Index: 0.1700
  • Cell Name: pigmented epithelial cell (CL0000529)
    Fold Change: 0.0055
    Cell Significance Index: 10.3000
  • Cell Name: retinal rod cell (CL0000604)
    Fold Change: 0.0008
    Cell Significance Index: 0.0100
  • Cell Name: small intestine goblet cell (CL1000495)
    Fold Change: -0.0026
    Cell Significance Index: -0.0900
  • Cell Name: anterior lens cell (CL0002223)
    Fold Change: -0.0032
    Cell Significance Index: -5.8600
  • Cell Name: lens epithelial cell (CL0002224)
    Fold Change: -0.0052
    Cell Significance Index: -7.9500
  • Cell Name: granulosa cell (CL0000501)
    Fold Change: -0.0084
    Cell Significance Index: -0.2200
  • Cell Name: kidney loop of Henle cortical thick ascending limb epithelial cell (CL1001109)
    Fold Change: -0.0101
    Cell Significance Index: -7.4100
  • Cell Name: ciliary muscle cell (CL1000443)
    Fold Change: -0.0109
    Cell Significance Index: -4.9400
  • Cell Name: non-pigmented ciliary epithelial cell (CL0002304)
    Fold Change: -0.0119
    Cell Significance Index: -7.5900
  • Cell Name: pulmonary alveolar epithelial cell (CL0000322)
    Fold Change: -0.0121
    Cell Significance Index: -9.1500
  • Cell Name: secondary lens fiber (CL0002225)
    Fold Change: -0.0125
    Cell Significance Index: -16.9800
  • Cell Name: pancreatic A cell (CL0000171)
    Fold Change: -0.0268
    Cell Significance Index: -19.8600
  • Cell Name: sebum secreting cell (CL0000317)
    Fold Change: -0.0296
    Cell Significance Index: -2.0900
  • Cell Name: retinal progenitor cell (CL0002672)
    Fold Change: -0.0308
    Cell Significance Index: -1.7300
  • Cell Name: transit amplifying cell of colon (CL0009011)
    Fold Change: -0.0315
    Cell Significance Index: -1.0100
  • Cell Name: abnormal cell (CL0001061)
    Fold Change: -0.0346
    Cell Significance Index: -3.5300
  • Cell Name: pigmented ciliary epithelial cell (CL0002303)
    Fold Change: -0.0349
    Cell Significance Index: -5.0700
  • Cell Name: lung endothelial cell (CL1001567)
    Fold Change: -0.0361
    Cell Significance Index: -1.8800
  • Cell Name: type B pancreatic cell (CL0000169)
    Fold Change: -0.0462
    Cell Significance Index: -26.0400
  • Cell Name: pancreatic PP cell (CL0002275)
    Fold Change: -0.0476
    Cell Significance Index: -29.7100
  • Cell Name: paneth cell of colon (CL0009009)
    Fold Change: -0.0527
    Cell Significance Index: -0.7900
  • Cell Name: forebrain neuroblast (CL1000042)
    Fold Change: -0.0652
    Cell Significance Index: -4.0100
  • Cell Name: pro-T cell (CL0000827)
    Fold Change: -0.0705
    Cell Significance Index: -1.8000
  • Cell Name: indirect pathway medium spiny neuron (CL4023029)
    Fold Change: -0.0705
    Cell Significance Index: -3.1200
  • Cell Name: cortical cell of adrenal gland (CL0002097)
    Fold Change: -0.0711
    Cell Significance Index: -1.9100
  • Cell Name: dopaminergic neuron (CL0000700)
    Fold Change: -0.0783
    Cell Significance Index: -22.5200
  • Cell Name: CD4-positive, alpha-beta memory T cell, CD45RO-positive (CL0001204)
    Fold Change: -0.0794
    Cell Significance Index: -2.3300
  • Cell Name: epithelial cell of stomach (CL0002178)
    Fold Change: -0.0878
    Cell Significance Index: -10.2300
  • Cell Name: fibroblast of dermis (CL0002551)
    Fold Change: -0.1032
    Cell Significance Index: -2.1600
  • Cell Name: cerebellar granule cell (CL0001031)
    Fold Change: -0.1080
    Cell Significance Index: -1.8500
  • Cell Name: mesenchymal cell (CL0008019)
    Fold Change: -0.1117
    Cell Significance Index: -1.8700
  • Cell Name: mesonephric nephron tubule epithelial cell (CL1000022)
    Fold Change: -0.1125
    Cell Significance Index: -3.9100
  • Cell Name: direct pathway medium spiny neuron (CL4023026)
    Fold Change: -0.1136
    Cell Significance Index: -4.3000
  • Cell Name: pancreatic D cell (CL0000173)
    Fold Change: -0.1382
    Cell Significance Index: -29.1200
  • Cell Name: pancreatic ductal cell (CL0002079)
    Fold Change: -0.1396
    Cell Significance Index: -15.9900
  • Cell Name: hippocampal granule cell (CL0001033)
    Fold Change: -0.1852
    Cell Significance Index: -12.4500
  • Cell Name: umbrella cell of urothelium (CL4030056)
    Fold Change: -0.1879
    Cell Significance Index: -1.7300
  • Cell Name: peg cell (CL4033014)
    Fold Change: -0.2303
    Cell Significance Index: -5.3200
  • Cell Name: smooth muscle cell of sphincter of pupil (CL0002243)
    Fold Change: -0.2455
    Cell Significance Index: -25.5600
  • Cell Name: CD14-positive, CD16-negative classical monocyte (CL0002057)
    Fold Change: -0.2483
    Cell Significance Index: -4.5900
  • Cell Name: enteroendocrine cell of small intestine (CL0009006)
    Fold Change: -0.2504
    Cell Significance Index: -6.2600
  • Cell Name: kidney loop of Henle descending limb epithelial cell (CL1001021)
    Fold Change: -0.2592
    Cell Significance Index: -20.5300
  • Cell Name: skeletal muscle fiber (CL0008002)
    Fold Change: -0.2758
    Cell Significance Index: -7.0900
  • Cell Name: intestinal tuft cell (CL0019032)
    Fold Change: -0.3828
    Cell Significance Index: -23.4700
  • Cell Name: Purkinje cell (CL0000121)
    Fold Change: -0.3880
    Cell Significance Index: -8.5000
  • Cell Name: centrilobular region hepatocyte (CL0019029)
    Fold Change: -0.4058
    Cell Significance Index: -6.8400
  • Cell Name: neutrophil progenitor cell (CL0000834)
    Fold Change: -0.4088
    Cell Significance Index: -10.9400
  • Cell Name: preadipocyte (CL0002334)
    Fold Change: -0.4248
    Cell Significance Index: -8.2900
  • Cell Name: intestinal epithelial cell (CL0002563)
    Fold Change: -0.4419
    Cell Significance Index: -4.5800
  • Cell Name: corticothalamic-projecting glutamatergic cortical neuron (CL4023013)
    Fold Change: -0.5115
    Cell Significance Index: -16.2900
  • Cell Name: hippocampal pyramidal neuron (CL1001571)
    Fold Change: -0.5216
    Cell Significance Index: -14.8900
  • Cell Name: GABAergic amacrine cell (CL4030027)
    Fold Change: -0.5321
    Cell Significance Index: -6.6000
  • Cell Name: fibroblast of mammary gland (CL0002555)
    Fold Change: -0.5568
    Cell Significance Index: -15.9600

Cell ID: Standard Cell Ontology term used for mapping and comparing cells across experiments. Ensures consistency in analyzing cellular functions across tissues.
Fold Change: Represents the ratio of the current Cell Significance Index to the Cell Significance Index Threshold, indicating how much the gene expression has changed compared to a baseline.
Cell Significance Index: Reflects how strongly a gene is expressed in this specific cell.

Cell ID: Standard Cell Ontology term used for mapping and comparing cells across experiments. Ensures consistency in analyzing cellular functions across tissues.
Fold Change: Represents the ratio of the current Cell Significance Index to the Cell Significance Index Threshold, indicating how much the gene expression has changed compared to a baseline.
Cell Significance Index: Reflects how strongly a gene is expressed in this cell type. Calculated using techniques like effect size estimation and bootstrapping for reliability.

Cell ID: Standard Cell Ontology term used for mapping and comparing cells across experiments. Ensures consistency in analyzing cellular functions across tissues.
Fold Change: Represents the ratio of the current Cell Significance Index to the Cell Significance Index Threshold, indicating how much the gene expression has changed compared to a baseline.
Cell Significance Index: Reflects how strongly a gene is expressed in this cell type. Calculated using techniques like effect size estimation and bootstrapping for reliability.

Other Information

**Key Characteristics** 1. **Serine/threonine kinase**: VRK3 belongs to the VRK family of serine/threonine kinases, which are characterized by their ability to phosphorylate serine and threonine residues on target proteins. 2. **Immune system regulation**: VRK3 plays a crucial role in regulating immune responses, particularly in the context of TLR signaling pathways. 3. **Widespread expression**: VRK3 is expressed in various cell types, including hematopoietic cells, smooth muscle fibers, and epithelial cells. 4. **Multiple signaling pathways**: VRK3 is involved in multiple signaling pathways, including TLR signaling, cytokine signaling, and DNA damage response. 5. **Phosphorylation activity**: VRK3 has been shown to phosphorylate and activate various target proteins, including transcription factors and kinases. **Pathways and Functions** 1. **TLR signaling pathways**: VRK3 is involved in the regulation of TLR signaling pathways, including TLR4, TLR3, and TLR7/8. It phosphorylates and activates downstream signaling molecules, such as NF-κB and MAPKs. 2. **Cytokine signaling**: VRK3 is also involved in cytokine signaling, particularly in the context of IL-17 signaling. It phosphorylates and activates transcription factors, such as NF-κB and STAT3. 3. **DNA damage response**: VRK3 plays a role in the regulation of the DNA damage response, particularly in the context of ERK/MAPK signaling pathways. 4. **Cell signaling**: VRK3 is involved in various cell signaling pathways, including protein kinase A (PKA) and protein kinase C (PKC) signaling pathways. 5. **Stromal cell function**: VRK3 is expressed in stromal cells of bone marrow and plays a role in regulating their function. **Clinical Significance** 1. **Immune system disorders**: VRK3's role in immune system regulation makes it a potential target for the treatment of immune system disorders, such as autoimmune diseases and inflammatory disorders. 2. **Cancer**: VRK3's involvement in DNA damage response and cell signaling pathways makes it a potential target for cancer therapy. 3. **Neurological disorders**: VRK3's role in ERK/MAPK signaling pathways makes it a potential target for the treatment of neurological disorders, such as Alzheimer's disease and Parkinson's disease. 4. **Infectious diseases**: VRK3's involvement in TLR signaling pathways makes it a potential target for the treatment of infectious diseases, such as tuberculosis and sepsis. 5. **Regenerative medicine**: VRK3's role in stem cell regulation and tissue development makes it a potential target for regenerative medicine applications. In conclusion, VRK3 is a multifunctional kinase that plays critical roles in regulating immune responses, DNA damage response, and cell signaling pathways. Its involvement in multiple signaling pathways and its widespread expression across different cell types make it a promising target for the treatment of various diseases, including immune system disorders, cancer, neurological disorders, and infectious diseases.

Genular Protein ID: 3043411493

Symbol: VRK3_HUMAN

Name: Serine/threonine-protein kinase VRK3

UniProtKB Accession Codes:

Q8IV63 A6NEG5 A8KA53 Q502Y2 Q9P2V8

Database IDs:

AGR 1 AlphaFoldDB 1 Antibodypedia 1 Bgee 1 BioGRID 1 BioGRID-ORCS 1 BioMuta 1 CCDS 3 CPTAC 2 CTD 1 ChEBI 5 ChEMBL 1 ChiTaRS 1 DMDM 1 DNASU 1 DisGeNET 1 EC 2 EMBL 7 Ensembl 6 EvolutionaryTrace 1 ExpressionAtlas 1 GO 10 Gene3D 1 GeneCards 1 GeneTree 1 GenomeRNAi 1 GlyGen 1 HGNC 1 HPA 1 InParanoid 1 IntAct 1 InterPro 4 KEGG 1 MANE-Select 1 MIM 1 MINT 1 MassIVE 1 NCBI Taxonomy 1 OMA 1 OpenTargets 1 OrthoDB 1 PANTHER 2 PDB 1 PDBsum 1 PRO 1 PROSITE 1 PathwayCommons 1 PaxDb 1 PeptideAtlas 1 Pfam 2 PharmGKB 1 Pharos 1 PhosphoSitePlus 1 PhylomeDB 1 Proteomes 1 ProteomicsDB 3 Pumba 1 RNAct 1 Reactome 1 RefSeq 8 Rhea 3 SIGNOR 1 SMART 1 SMR 1 STRING 1 SUPFAM 1 SignaLink 1 TopDownProteomics 1 TreeFam 1 UCSC 1 VEuPathDB 1 eggNOG 1 iPTMnet 1 jPOST 1 neXtProt 1

Citations:

PubMed ID: 14702039

Title: Complete sequencing and characterization of 21,243 full-length human cDNAs.

PubMed ID: 14702039

DOI: 10.1038/ng1285

PubMed ID: 15057824

Title: The DNA sequence and biology of human chromosome 19.

PubMed ID: 15057824

DOI: 10.1038/nature02399

PubMed ID: 15489334

Title: The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC).

PubMed ID: 15489334

DOI: 10.1101/gr.2596504

PubMed ID: 14645249

Title: Characterization of three paralogous members of the Mammalian vaccinia related kinase family.

PubMed ID: 14645249

DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m310813200

PubMed ID: 18617507

Title: Proteomics identification of nuclear Ran GTPase as an inhibitor of human VRK1 and VRK2 (vaccinia-related kinase) activities.

PubMed ID: 18617507

DOI: 10.1074/mcp.m700586-mcp200

PubMed ID: 18669648

Title: A quantitative atlas of mitotic phosphorylation.

PubMed ID: 18669648

DOI: 10.1073/pnas.0805139105

PubMed ID: 19690332

Title: Quantitative phosphoproteomic analysis of T cell receptor signaling reveals system-wide modulation of protein-protein interactions.

PubMed ID: 19690332

DOI: 10.1126/scisignal.2000007

PubMed ID: 20068231

Title: Quantitative phosphoproteomics reveals widespread full phosphorylation site occupancy during mitosis.

PubMed ID: 20068231

DOI: 10.1126/scisignal.2000475

PubMed ID: 21406692

Title: System-wide temporal characterization of the proteome and phosphoproteome of human embryonic stem cell differentiation.

PubMed ID: 21406692

DOI: 10.1126/scisignal.2001570

PubMed ID: 23186163

Title: Toward a comprehensive characterization of a human cancer cell phosphoproteome.

PubMed ID: 23186163

DOI: 10.1021/pr300630k

PubMed ID: 25899223

Title: Presumed pseudokinase VRK3 functions as a BAF kinase.

PubMed ID: 25899223

DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamcr.2015.04.007

PubMed ID: 27346674

Title: Stress-induced nuclear translocation of CDK5 suppresses neuronal death by downregulating ERK activation via VRK3 phosphorylation.

PubMed ID: 27346674

DOI: 10.1038/srep28634

PubMed ID: 27941812

Title: VRK3-mediated nuclear localization of HSP70 prevents glutamate excitotoxicity-induced apoptosis and Abeta accumulation via enhancement of ERK phosphatase VHR activity.

PubMed ID: 27941812

DOI: 10.1038/srep38452

PubMed ID: 33067254

Title: RNF144a induces ERK-dependent cell death under oxidative stress via downregulation of vaccinia-related kinase 3.

PubMed ID: 33067254

DOI: 10.1242/jcs.247304

PubMed ID: 19141289

Title: Structure of the pseudokinase VRK3 reveals a degraded catalytic site, a highly conserved kinase fold, and a putative regulatory binding site.

PubMed ID: 19141289

DOI: 10.1016/j.str.2008.10.018

PubMed ID: 17344846

Title: Patterns of somatic mutation in human cancer genomes.

PubMed ID: 17344846

DOI: 10.1038/nature05610

Sequence Information:

  • Length: 474
  • Mass: 52881
  • Checksum: 86B9B91050A7F0CC
  • Sequence:
    • MISFCPDCGK SIQAAFKFCP YCGNSLPVEE HVGSQTFVNP HVSSFQGSKR GLNSSFETSP 
KKVKWSSTVT SPRLSLFSDG DSSESEDTLS SSERSKGSGS RPPTPKSSPQ KTRKSPQVTR 
GSPQKTSCSP QKTRQSPQTL KRSRVTTSLE ALPTGTVLTD KSGRQWKLKS FQTRDNQGIL 
YEAAPTSTLT CDSGPQKQKF SLKLDAKDGR LFNEQNFFQR AAKPLQVNKW KKLYSTPLLA 
IPTCMGFGVH QDKYRFLVLP SLGRSLQSAL DVSPKHVLSE RSVLQVACRL LDALEFLHEN 
EYVHGNVTAE NIFVDPEDQS QVTLAGYGFA FRYCPSGKHV AYVEGSRSPH EGDLEFISMD 
LHKGCGPSRR SDLQSLGYCM LKWLYGFLPW TNCLPNTEDI MKQKQKFVDK PGPFVGPCGH 
WIRPSETLQK YLKVVMALTY EEKPPYAMLR NNLEALLQDL RVSPYDPIGL PMVP

Database document:

This is a preview of the gene's schema. Only a few entries are kept for 'singleCellExpressions,' 'mRNAExpressions,' and other large data arrays for visualization purposes. You can zoom in with the mouse wheel for a closer view, and the text will adjust automatically if necessary. For the full schema, download it here.