Details for: SOX2

Gene ID: 6657

Symbol: SOX2

Ensembl ID: ENSG00000181449

Description: SRY-box transcription factor 2

Associated with

Cells (max top 100)

(Cell Significance Index and respective Thresholds are uniquely calculated using our advanced thresholding algorithms to reveal cell-specific gene markers)

  • Cell Name: sensory neuron (CL0000101)
    Fold Change: 4.9295
    Cell Significance Index: 28.0200
  • Cell Name: respiratory goblet cell (CL0002370)
    Fold Change: 3.6121
    Cell Significance Index: 37.2600
  • Cell Name: respiratory epithelial cell (CL0002368)
    Fold Change: 3.0405
    Cell Significance Index: 18.2200
  • Cell Name: retinal progenitor cell (CL0002672)
    Fold Change: 2.8757
    Cell Significance Index: 161.3700
  • Cell Name: forebrain neuroblast (CL1000042)
    Fold Change: 1.0256
    Cell Significance Index: 63.0400
  • Cell Name: astrocyte of the cerebral cortex (CL0002605)
    Fold Change: 0.8054
    Cell Significance Index: 13.9300
  • Cell Name: cortical interneuron (CL0008031)
    Fold Change: 0.6759
    Cell Significance Index: 16.2100
  • Cell Name: hippocampal astrocyte (CL0002604)
    Fold Change: 0.5814
    Cell Significance Index: 8.1300
  • Cell Name: obsolete caudal ganglionic eminence derived GABAergic cortical interneuron (CL4023070)
    Fold Change: 0.5226
    Cell Significance Index: 187.4600
  • Cell Name: basal epithelial cell of tracheobronchial tree (CL0002329)
    Fold Change: 0.1759
    Cell Significance Index: 4.9200
  • Cell Name: intermediate cell of urothelium (CL4030055)
    Fold Change: 0.1256
    Cell Significance Index: 22.6400
  • Cell Name: basal cell of urothelium (CL1000486)
    Fold Change: 0.0684
    Cell Significance Index: 8.4100
  • Cell Name: dopaminergic neuron (CL0000700)
    Fold Change: 0.0587
    Cell Significance Index: 16.8900
  • Cell Name: cell in vitro (CL0001034)
    Fold Change: 0.0068
    Cell Significance Index: 3.7400
  • Cell Name: neuron associated cell (CL0000095)
    Fold Change: -0.0022
    Cell Significance Index: -0.0900
  • Cell Name: pulmonary alveolar epithelial cell (CL0000322)
    Fold Change: -0.0309
    Cell Significance Index: -23.4000
  • Cell Name: Mueller cell (CL0000636)
    Fold Change: -0.0325
    Cell Significance Index: -0.2500
  • Cell Name: kidney loop of Henle cortical thick ascending limb epithelial cell (CL1001109)
    Fold Change: -0.0354
    Cell Significance Index: -25.9800
  • Cell Name: pancreatic A cell (CL0000171)
    Fold Change: -0.0367
    Cell Significance Index: -27.1600
  • Cell Name: type B pancreatic cell (CL0000169)
    Fold Change: -0.0421
    Cell Significance Index: -23.7200
  • Cell Name: hair follicular keratinocyte (CL2000092)
    Fold Change: -0.0514
    Cell Significance Index: -22.7100
  • Cell Name: epithelial cell of stomach (CL0002178)
    Fold Change: -0.0532
    Cell Significance Index: -6.2000
  • Cell Name: acinar cell of salivary gland (CL0002623)
    Fold Change: -0.0686
    Cell Significance Index: -3.2000
  • Cell Name: L2/3-6 intratelencephalic projecting glutamatergic neuron (CL4023040)
    Fold Change: -0.0920
    Cell Significance Index: -18.4600
  • Cell Name: neoplastic cell (CL0001063)
    Fold Change: -0.1194
    Cell Significance Index: -23.7000
  • Cell Name: pancreatic D cell (CL0000173)
    Fold Change: -0.1285
    Cell Significance Index: -27.0600
  • Cell Name: pancreatic acinar cell (CL0002064)
    Fold Change: -0.1666
    Cell Significance Index: -28.4400
  • Cell Name: odontoblast (CL0000060)
    Fold Change: -0.1895
    Cell Significance Index: -24.2900
  • Cell Name: stromal cell of ovary (CL0002132)
    Fold Change: -0.1922
    Cell Significance Index: -26.4000
  • Cell Name: eye photoreceptor cell (CL0000287)
    Fold Change: -0.2153
    Cell Significance Index: -13.5700
  • Cell Name: tonsil germinal center B cell (CL2000006)
    Fold Change: -0.2236
    Cell Significance Index: -26.3700
  • Cell Name: abnormal cell (CL0001061)
    Fold Change: -0.2300
    Cell Significance Index: -23.4900
  • Cell Name: pancreatic ductal cell (CL0002079)
    Fold Change: -0.2415
    Cell Significance Index: -27.6700
  • Cell Name: bladder urothelial cell (CL1001428)
    Fold Change: -0.3224
    Cell Significance Index: -16.7500
  • Cell Name: fallopian tube secretory epithelial cell (CL4030006)
    Fold Change: -0.3393
    Cell Significance Index: -5.2500
  • Cell Name: hippocampal granule cell (CL0001033)
    Fold Change: -0.3571
    Cell Significance Index: -24.0100
  • Cell Name: neural progenitor cell (CL0011020)
    Fold Change: -0.3638
    Cell Significance Index: -3.6000
  • Cell Name: skeletal muscle fiber (CL0008002)
    Fold Change: -0.3718
    Cell Significance Index: -9.5600
  • Cell Name: cardiac muscle myoblast (CL0000513)
    Fold Change: -0.3730
    Cell Significance Index: -28.6200
  • Cell Name: stratified epithelial cell (CL0000079)
    Fold Change: -0.3939
    Cell Significance Index: -14.4600
  • Cell Name: myeloid dendritic cell (CL0000782)
    Fold Change: -0.4182
    Cell Significance Index: -3.2800
  • Cell Name: glycinergic neuron (CL1001509)
    Fold Change: -0.4363
    Cell Significance Index: -22.9100
  • Cell Name: macroglial cell (CL0000126)
    Fold Change: -0.4647
    Cell Significance Index: -5.3800
  • Cell Name: enterocyte of epithelium of large intestine (CL0002071)
    Fold Change: -0.5308
    Cell Significance Index: -24.0600
  • Cell Name: luminal adaptive secretory precursor cell of mammary gland (CL4033057)
    Fold Change: -0.5598
    Cell Significance Index: -26.3100
  • Cell Name: keratinocyte (CL0000312)
    Fold Change: -0.5673
    Cell Significance Index: -14.1700
  • Cell Name: forebrain radial glial cell (CL0013000)
    Fold Change: -0.5681
    Cell Significance Index: -4.1300
  • Cell Name: lamp5 GABAergic cortical interneuron (CL4023011)
    Fold Change: -0.5892
    Cell Significance Index: -12.7300
  • Cell Name: epithelial cell of esophagus (CL0002252)
    Fold Change: -0.6583
    Cell Significance Index: -4.3700
  • Cell Name: neural crest cell (CL0011012)
    Fold Change: -0.6642
    Cell Significance Index: -7.2100
  • Cell Name: chandelier pvalb GABAergic cortical interneuron (CL4023036)
    Fold Change: -0.6890
    Cell Significance Index: -14.3800
  • Cell Name: mesonephric nephron tubule epithelial cell (CL1000022)
    Fold Change: -0.7278
    Cell Significance Index: -25.2900
  • Cell Name: VIP GABAergic cortical interneuron (CL4023016)
    Fold Change: -0.7292
    Cell Significance Index: -14.6400
  • Cell Name: L5 extratelencephalic projecting glutamatergic cortical neuron (CL4023041)
    Fold Change: -0.7413
    Cell Significance Index: -25.9700
  • Cell Name: L6b glutamatergic cortical neuron (CL4023038)
    Fold Change: -0.7544
    Cell Significance Index: -24.7000
  • Cell Name: pvalb GABAergic cortical interneuron (CL4023018)
    Fold Change: -0.7864
    Cell Significance Index: -16.6900
  • Cell Name: basal cell of epithelium of trachea (CL1000348)
    Fold Change: -0.7991
    Cell Significance Index: -6.8800
  • Cell Name: corticothalamic-projecting glutamatergic cortical neuron (CL4023013)
    Fold Change: -0.8038
    Cell Significance Index: -25.6000
  • Cell Name: lens fiber cell (CL0011004)
    Fold Change: -0.8271
    Cell Significance Index: -26.1600
  • Cell Name: glutamatergic neuron (CL0000679)
    Fold Change: -0.8389
    Cell Significance Index: -9.1400
  • Cell Name: sst GABAergic cortical interneuron (CL4023017)
    Fold Change: -0.8476
    Cell Significance Index: -16.7600
  • Cell Name: GABAergic neuron (CL0000617)
    Fold Change: -0.8535
    Cell Significance Index: -10.7700
  • Cell Name: tracheal goblet cell (CL1000329)
    Fold Change: -0.8553
    Cell Significance Index: -7.0700
  • Cell Name: kidney epithelial cell (CL0002518)
    Fold Change: -0.8600
    Cell Significance Index: -25.3300
  • Cell Name: hippocampal pyramidal neuron (CL1001571)
    Fold Change: -0.8610
    Cell Significance Index: -24.5700
  • Cell Name: epithelial cell of pancreas (CL0000083)
    Fold Change: -0.9024
    Cell Significance Index: -14.8700
  • Cell Name: CD4-positive, alpha-beta memory T cell, CD45RO-positive (CL0001204)
    Fold Change: -0.9074
    Cell Significance Index: -26.6500
  • Cell Name: mature astrocyte (CL0002627)
    Fold Change: -0.9341
    Cell Significance Index: -10.3800
  • Cell Name: Purkinje cell (CL0000121)
    Fold Change: -0.9481
    Cell Significance Index: -20.7600
  • Cell Name: leptomeningeal cell (CL0000708)
    Fold Change: -0.9511
    Cell Significance Index: -20.3300
  • Cell Name: neutrophil progenitor cell (CL0000834)
    Fold Change: -0.9757
    Cell Significance Index: -26.1000
  • Cell Name: obsolete epithelial cell of alveolus of lung (CL0010003)
    Fold Change: -0.9769
    Cell Significance Index: -24.3600
  • Cell Name: fibroblast of mammary gland (CL0002555)
    Fold Change: -0.9804
    Cell Significance Index: -28.1100
  • Cell Name: cortical cell of adrenal gland (CL0002097)
    Fold Change: -0.9845
    Cell Significance Index: -26.3800
  • Cell Name: pro-T cell (CL0000827)
    Fold Change: -0.9884
    Cell Significance Index: -25.2500
  • Cell Name: granulosa cell (CL0000501)
    Fold Change: -0.9945
    Cell Significance Index: -26.1500
  • Cell Name: ciliated columnar cell of tracheobronchial tree (CL0002145)
    Fold Change: -1.0256
    Cell Significance Index: -9.4200
  • Cell Name: sncg GABAergic cortical interneuron (CL4023015)
    Fold Change: -1.0268
    Cell Significance Index: -20.2100
  • Cell Name: erythrocyte (CL0000232)
    Fold Change: -1.0421
    Cell Significance Index: -26.5500
  • Cell Name: near-projecting glutamatergic cortical neuron (CL4023012)
    Fold Change: -1.0447
    Cell Significance Index: -26.0600
  • Cell Name: placental villous trophoblast (CL2000060)
    Fold Change: -1.0520
    Cell Significance Index: -28.0900
  • Cell Name: CD14-low, CD16-positive monocyte (CL0002396)
    Fold Change: -1.0965
    Cell Significance Index: -26.5600
  • Cell Name: type I muscle cell (CL0002211)
    Fold Change: -1.1127
    Cell Significance Index: -27.1500
  • Cell Name: peg cell (CL4033014)
    Fold Change: -1.1150
    Cell Significance Index: -25.7600
  • Cell Name: oligodendrocyte (CL0000128)
    Fold Change: -1.1248
    Cell Significance Index: -12.0600
  • Cell Name: astrocyte (CL0000127)
    Fold Change: -1.1280
    Cell Significance Index: -12.9100
  • Cell Name: photoreceptor cell (CL0000210)
    Fold Change: -1.1559
    Cell Significance Index: -16.2400
  • Cell Name: neural cell (CL0002319)
    Fold Change: -1.1632
    Cell Significance Index: -13.5700
  • Cell Name: duct epithelial cell (CL0000068)
    Fold Change: -1.1687
    Cell Significance Index: -16.1600
  • Cell Name: caudal ganglionic eminence derived cortical interneuron (CL4023064)
    Fold Change: -1.1755
    Cell Significance Index: -23.4400
  • Cell Name: glial cell (CL0000125)
    Fold Change: -1.2450
    Cell Significance Index: -13.6400
  • Cell Name: hippocampal interneuron (CL1001569)
    Fold Change: -1.2538
    Cell Significance Index: -16.2600
  • Cell Name: cerebral cortex endothelial cell (CL1001602)
    Fold Change: -1.2940
    Cell Significance Index: -26.3300
  • Cell Name: seromucus secreting cell (CL0000159)
    Fold Change: -1.3430
    Cell Significance Index: -28.0100
  • Cell Name: CD14-positive monocyte (CL0001054)
    Fold Change: -1.3436
    Cell Significance Index: -26.2700
  • Cell Name: fibroblast of dermis (CL0002551)
    Fold Change: -1.3441
    Cell Significance Index: -28.1400
  • Cell Name: basal cell of prostate epithelium (CL0002341)
    Fold Change: -1.3536
    Cell Significance Index: -36.8500
  • Cell Name: retinal rod cell (CL0000604)
    Fold Change: -1.3582
    Cell Significance Index: -16.1900
  • Cell Name: oligodendrocyte precursor cell (CL0002453)
    Fold Change: -1.3654
    Cell Significance Index: -17.8200
  • Cell Name: ciliated cell (CL0000064)
    Fold Change: -1.3734
    Cell Significance Index: -14.8700

Cell ID: Standard Cell Ontology term used for mapping and comparing cells across experiments. Ensures consistency in analyzing cellular functions across tissues.
Fold Change: Represents the ratio of the current Cell Significance Index to the Cell Significance Index Threshold, indicating how much the gene expression has changed compared to a baseline.
Cell Significance Index: Reflects how strongly a gene is expressed in this specific cell.

Cell ID: Standard Cell Ontology term used for mapping and comparing cells across experiments. Ensures consistency in analyzing cellular functions across tissues.
Fold Change: Represents the ratio of the current Cell Significance Index to the Cell Significance Index Threshold, indicating how much the gene expression has changed compared to a baseline.
Cell Significance Index: Reflects how strongly a gene is expressed in this cell type. Calculated using techniques like effect size estimation and bootstrapping for reliability.

Cell ID: Standard Cell Ontology term used for mapping and comparing cells across experiments. Ensures consistency in analyzing cellular functions across tissues.
Fold Change: Represents the ratio of the current Cell Significance Index to the Cell Significance Index Threshold, indicating how much the gene expression has changed compared to a baseline.
Cell Significance Index: Reflects how strongly a gene is expressed in this cell type. Calculated using techniques like effect size estimation and bootstrapping for reliability.

Other Information

**Key Characteristics:** 1. **Transcription factor**: SOX2 is a transcription factor that regulates gene expression by binding to specific DNA sequences. 2. **RNA polymerase II-specific**: SOX2 interacts with RNA polymerase II to activate transcription of target genes. 3. **Dna-binding transcription activator activity**: SOX2 exhibits activator activity on target genes, promoting their transcription. 4. **Dna-binding transcription factor activity**: SOX2 also exhibits repressor activity on certain target genes, modulating their expression. **Pathways and Functions:** 1. **Adenohypophysis development**: SOX2 regulates the development of the anterior pituitary gland, influencing the differentiation of pituitary cells. 2. **Brain development**: SOX2 is involved in the specification of neural cells, including neurons and glial cells, during brain development. 3. **Chromatin organization**: SOX2 regulates chromatin structure and organization, affecting gene expression and transcription. 4. **Immune system**: SOX2 modulates immune responses, including the regulation of cytokine signaling and immune cell development. 5. **Neuronal stem cell population maintenance**: SOX2 maintains the pluripotency of neural stem cells, ensuring their ability to differentiate into various neural cell types. 6. **Pituitary gland development**: SOX2 regulates the development of the pituitary gland, influencing the differentiation of pituitary cells. **Clinical Significance:** 1. **Cancer**: SOX2 is overexpressed in various types of cancer, including brain tumors, pituitary tumors, and lung cancer, suggesting its role in tumorigenesis. 2. **Neurodevelopmental disorders**: Mutations in SOX2 have been associated with neurodevelopmental disorders, such as X-linked mental retardation and microcephaly. 3. **Autoimmune diseases**: SOX2 modulates immune responses, and alterations in SOX2 expression have been linked to autoimmune diseases, such as multiple sclerosis and rheumatoid arthritis. 4. **Regenerative medicine**: SOX2 plays a crucial role in tissue regeneration, and its ability to maintain stem cell pluripotency makes it an attractive target for regenerative therapies. In conclusion, the SOX2 gene is a multifunctional transcription factor that plays a critical role in various cellular processes, including development, cell fate specification, and immune responses. Its dysregulation has been implicated in various diseases, highlighting the need for further research into the molecular mechanisms underlying SOX2 function and its clinical significance.

Genular Protein ID: 399741046

Symbol: SOX2_HUMAN

Name: Transcription factor SOX-2

UniProtKB Accession Codes:

P48431 Q14537

Database IDs:

AGR 1 AlphaFoldDB 1 Antibodypedia 1 BMRB 1 Bgee 1 BioGRID 1 BioGRID-ORCS 1 BioMuta 1 CCDS 1 CDD 1 CORUM 1 CTD 1 DIP 1 DMDM 1 DNASU 1 DisGeNET 1 EMBL 3 EMDB 3 Ensembl 1 EvolutionaryTrace 1 ExpressionAtlas 1 GO 46 Gene3D 1 GeneCards 1 GeneReviews 1 GeneTree 1 GeneWiki 1 GenomeRNAi 1 GlyCosmos 1 GlyGen 1 HGNC 1 HOGENOM 1 HPA 1 IDEAL 1 InParanoid 1 IntAct 1 InterPro 4 KEGG 1 MANE-Select 1 MIM 3 MINT 1 MalaCards 1 MassIVE 1 NCBI Taxonomy 1 OMA 1 OpenTargets 1 Orphanet 4 OrthoDB 1 PANTHER 2 PDB 8 PDBsum 8 PRO 1 PROSITE 1 PathwayCommons 1 PaxDb 1 PeptideAtlas 1 Pfam 2 PharmGKB 1 Pharos 1 PhosphoSitePlus 1 PhylomeDB 1 Proteomes 1 ProteomicsDB 1 Pumba 1 RNAct 1 Reactome 11 RefSeq 1 SIGNOR 1 SMART 1 SMR 1 STRING 1 SUPFAM 1 SignaLink 1 TreeFam 1 UCSC 1 VEuPathDB 1 eggNOG 1 iPTMnet 1 jPOST 1 neXtProt 1

Citations:

PubMed ID: 7849401

Title: The cDNA sequence and chromosomal location of the human SOX2 gene.

PubMed ID: 7849401

DOI: 10.1007/bf00411460

PubMed ID: 15489334

Title: The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC).

PubMed ID: 15489334

DOI: 10.1101/gr.2596504

PubMed ID: 12612584

Title: Mutations in SOX2 cause anophthalmia.

PubMed ID: 12612584

DOI: 10.1038/ng1120

PubMed ID: 18035408

Title: Induction of pluripotent stem cells from adult human fibroblasts by defined factors.

PubMed ID: 18035408

DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2007.11.019

PubMed ID: 19349578

Title: Exportin 4 mediates a novel nuclear import pathway for Sox family transcription factors.

PubMed ID: 19349578

DOI: 10.1083/jcb.200810106

PubMed ID: 21654807

Title: Direct reprogramming of somatic cells is promoted by maternal transcription factor Glis1.

PubMed ID: 21654807

DOI: 10.1038/nature10106

PubMed ID: 21406692

Title: System-wide temporal characterization of the proteome and phosphoproteome of human embryonic stem cell differentiation.

PubMed ID: 21406692

DOI: 10.1126/scisignal.2001570

PubMed ID: 24033328

Title: Molecular findings and clinical data in a cohort of 150 patients with anophthalmia/microphthalmia.

PubMed ID: 24033328

DOI: 10.1111/cge.12275

PubMed ID: 29358331

Title: LSD1 demethylase and the methyl-binding protein PHF20L1 prevent SET7 methyltransferase-dependent proteolysis of the stem-cell protein SOX2.

PubMed ID: 29358331

DOI: 10.1074/jbc.ra117.000342

PubMed ID: 34732716

Title: Competitive binding of E3 ligases TRIM26 and WWP2 controls SOX2 in glioblastoma.

PubMed ID: 34732716

DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-26653-6

PubMed ID: 30442713

Title: Proteolysis of methylated SOX2 protein is regulated by L3MBTL3 and CRL4-DCAF5 ubiquitin ligase.

PubMed ID: 30442713

DOI: 10.1074/jbc.ra118.005336

Sequence Information:

  • Length: 317
  • Mass: 34310
  • Checksum: EFCCAFE3E3A2B67B
  • Sequence:
    • MYNMMETELK PPGPQQTSGG GGGNSTAAAA GGNQKNSPDR VKRPMNAFMV WSRGQRRKMA 
QENPKMHNSE ISKRLGAEWK LLSETEKRPF IDEAKRLRAL HMKEHPDYKY RPRRKTKTLM 
KKDKYTLPGG LLAPGGNSMA SGVGVGAGLG AGVNQRMDSY AHMNGWSNGS YSMMQDQLGY 
PQHPGLNAHG AAQMQPMHRY DVSALQYNSM TSSQTYMNGS PTYSMSYSQQ GTPGMALGSM 
GSVVKSEASS SPPVVTSSSH SRAPCQAGDL RDMISMYLPG AEVPEPAAPS RLHMSQHYQS 
GPVPGTAING TLPLSHM

Database document:

This is a preview of the gene's schema. Only a few entries are kept for 'singleCellExpressions,' 'mRNAExpressions,' and other large data arrays for visualization purposes. You can zoom in with the mouse wheel for a closer view, and the text will adjust automatically if necessary. For the full schema, download it here.