Details for: SPINK2

Gene ID: 6691

Symbol: SPINK2

Ensembl ID: ENSG00000128040

Description: serine peptidase inhibitor Kazal type 2

Associated with

Cells (max top 100)

(Marker Score score is uniquely calculated using our advanced thresholding algorithms to reveal cell-specific gene markers)

  • Cell Name: early promyelocyte (CL0002154)
    Fold Change: 4.74
    Marker Score: 3798
  • Cell Name: cord blood hematopoietic stem cell (CL2000095)
    Fold Change: 4.35
    Marker Score: 3286
  • Cell Name: pro-T cell (CL0000827)
    Fold Change: 2.87
    Marker Score: 11731
  • Cell Name: CD34-positive, CD38-negative hematopoietic stem cell (CL0001024)
    Fold Change: 2.72
    Marker Score: 1967
  • Cell Name: hematopoietic multipotent progenitor cell (CL0000837)
    Fold Change: 2.36
    Marker Score: 1154
  • Cell Name: decidual natural killer cell, human (CL0002343)
    Fold Change: 2.24
    Marker Score: 6181
  • Cell Name: oogonial cell (CL0000024)
    Fold Change: 1.93
    Marker Score: 2777
  • Cell Name: hematopoietic precursor cell (CL0008001)
    Fold Change: 1.53
    Marker Score: 536
  • Cell Name: oocyte (CL0000023)
    Fold Change: 1.46
    Marker Score: 362
  • Cell Name: cardiac endothelial cell (CL0010008)
    Fold Change: 1.38
    Marker Score: 2622
  • Cell Name: primordial germ cell (CL0000670)
    Fold Change: 1.38
    Marker Score: 1729
  • Cell Name: enterocyte of epithelium of large intestine (CL0002071)
    Fold Change: 1.3
    Marker Score: 1297.5
  • Cell Name: intestinal crypt stem cell of small intestine (CL0009017)
    Fold Change: 1.25
    Marker Score: 846
  • Cell Name: early lymphoid progenitor (CL0000936)
    Fold Change: 1.22
    Marker Score: 599
  • Cell Name: male germ cell (CL0000015)
    Fold Change: 1.21
    Marker Score: 349
  • Cell Name: lymphoid lineage restricted progenitor cell (CL0000838)
    Fold Change: 1.17
    Marker Score: 703
  • Cell Name: enterocyte of epithelium of small intestine (CL1000334)
    Fold Change: 1.15
    Marker Score: 4806
  • Cell Name: hematopoietic stem cell (CL0000037)
    Fold Change: 1.05
    Marker Score: 552
  • Cell Name: fallopian tube secretory epithelial cell (CL4030006)
    Fold Change: 1.04
    Marker Score: 251800
  • Cell Name: cerebral cortex GABAergic interneuron (CL0010011)
    Fold Change: 1
    Marker Score: 71817.5
  • Cell Name: forebrain radial glial cell (CL0013000)
    Fold Change: 1
    Marker Score: 48042.5
  • Cell Name: absorptive cell (CL0000212)
    Fold Change: 0.98
    Marker Score: 30408
  • Cell Name: tuft cell of colon (CL0009041)
    Fold Change: 0.97
    Marker Score: 500
  • Cell Name: BEST4+ intestinal epithelial cell, human (CL4030026)
    Fold Change: 0.96
    Marker Score: 454
  • Cell Name: intestinal crypt stem cell of colon (CL0009043)
    Fold Change: 0.95
    Marker Score: 2412
  • Cell Name: transit amplifying cell (CL0009010)
    Fold Change: 0.93
    Marker Score: 5314
  • Cell Name: cardiac muscle myoblast (CL0000513)
    Fold Change: 0.93
    Marker Score: 14549
  • Cell Name: NKp44-positive group 3 innate lymphoid cell, human (CL0001079)
    Fold Change: 0.92
    Marker Score: 207
  • Cell Name: small intestine goblet cell (CL1000495)
    Fold Change: 0.91
    Marker Score: 366
  • Cell Name: abnormal cell (CL0001061)
    Fold Change: 0.91
    Marker Score: 2735
  • Cell Name: IgA plasma cell (CL0000987)
    Fold Change: 0.9
    Marker Score: 769
  • Cell Name: epithelial cell of small intestine (CL0002254)
    Fold Change: 0.89
    Marker Score: 319
  • Cell Name: respiratory basal cell (CL0002633)
    Fold Change: 0.87
    Marker Score: 1252
  • Cell Name: neoplastic cell (CL0001063)
    Fold Change: 0.87
    Marker Score: 5283
  • Cell Name: late promyelocyte (CL0002151)
    Fold Change: 0.87
    Marker Score: 217
  • Cell Name: tonsil germinal center B cell (CL2000006)
    Fold Change: 0.82
    Marker Score: 2427.5
  • Cell Name: intestinal epithelial cell (CL0002563)
    Fold Change: 0.77
    Marker Score: 1255
  • Cell Name: common lymphoid progenitor (CL0000051)
    Fold Change: 0.77
    Marker Score: 524.5
  • Cell Name: brush cell (CL0002204)
    Fold Change: 0.76
    Marker Score: 692
  • Cell Name: Cajal-Retzius cell (CL0000695)
    Fold Change: 0.75
    Marker Score: 389
  • Cell Name: gut absorptive cell (CL0000677)
    Fold Change: 0.71
    Marker Score: 454
  • Cell Name: neutrophil progenitor cell (CL0000834)
    Fold Change: 0.68
    Marker Score: 173
  • Cell Name: early T lineage precursor (CL0002425)
    Fold Change: 0.66
    Marker Score: 508
  • Cell Name: precursor B cell (CL0000817)
    Fold Change: 0.61
    Marker Score: 405
  • Cell Name: centrocyte (CL0009111)
    Fold Change: 0.57
    Marker Score: 136
  • Cell Name: intestinal enteroendocrine cell (CL1001516)
    Fold Change: 0.55
    Marker Score: 442
  • Cell Name: intraepithelial lymphocyte (CL0002496)
    Fold Change: 0.47
    Marker Score: 520
  • Cell Name: smooth muscle myoblast (CL0000514)
    Fold Change: 0.47
    Marker Score: 223
  • Cell Name: megakaryocyte-erythroid progenitor cell (CL0000050)
    Fold Change: 0.46
    Marker Score: 192
  • Cell Name: common myeloid progenitor (CL0000049)
    Fold Change: 0.45
    Marker Score: 120
  • Cell Name: basal cell of prostate epithelium (CL0002341)
    Fold Change: 0.45
    Marker Score: 1106
  • Cell Name: kidney proximal convoluted tubule epithelial cell (CL1000838)
    Fold Change: 0.44
    Marker Score: 913
  • Cell Name: granulocyte monocyte progenitor cell (CL0000557)
    Fold Change: 0.43
    Marker Score: 271
  • Cell Name: epithelial cell of stratum germinativum of esophagus (CL1000447)
    Fold Change: 0.42
    Marker Score: 101
  • Cell Name: group 3 innate lymphoid cell (CL0001071)
    Fold Change: 0.41
    Marker Score: 172
  • Cell Name: osteoclast (CL0000092)
    Fold Change: 0.38
    Marker Score: 189
  • Cell Name: innate lymphoid cell (CL0001065)
    Fold Change: 0.37
    Marker Score: 134
  • Cell Name: fraction A pre-pro B cell (CL0002045)
    Fold Change: 0.37
    Marker Score: 374
  • Cell Name: transit amplifying cell of small intestine (CL0009012)
    Fold Change: 0.36
    Marker Score: 148.5
  • Cell Name: centroblast (CL0009112)
    Fold Change: 0.36
    Marker Score: 175
  • Cell Name: type B pancreatic cell (CL0000169)
    Fold Change: 0.35
    Marker Score: 345
  • Cell Name: leukocyte (CL0000738)
    Fold Change: 0.34
    Marker Score: 197
  • Cell Name: erythroid progenitor cell, mammalian (CL0001066)
    Fold Change: 0.34
    Marker Score: 110
  • Cell Name: NKp44-negative group 3 innate lymphoid cell, human (CL0001080)
    Fold Change: 0.33
    Marker Score: 72
  • Cell Name: intestinal tuft cell (CL0019032)
    Fold Change: 0.31
    Marker Score: 98
  • Cell Name: natural T-regulatory cell (CL0000903)
    Fold Change: 0.31
    Marker Score: 157
  • Cell Name: neuronal receptor cell (CL0000006)
    Fold Change: 0.3
    Marker Score: 133
  • Cell Name: CD8-alpha-alpha-positive, alpha-beta intraepithelial T cell (CL0000915)
    Fold Change: 0.29
    Marker Score: 414
  • Cell Name: myelocyte (CL0002193)
    Fold Change: 0.29
    Marker Score: 124
  • Cell Name: conjunctival epithelial cell (CL1000432)
    Fold Change: 0.28
    Marker Score: 291
  • Cell Name: pro-B cell (CL0000826)
    Fold Change: 0.28
    Marker Score: 266
  • Cell Name: CD4-positive, alpha-beta memory T cell (CL0000897)
    Fold Change: 0.26
    Marker Score: 154
  • Cell Name: CD56-positive, CD161-positive immature natural killer cell, human (CL0002338)
    Fold Change: 0.26
    Marker Score: 85
  • Cell Name: common dendritic progenitor (CL0001029)
    Fold Change: 0.26
    Marker Score: 89
  • Cell Name: germinal center B cell (CL0000844)
    Fold Change: 0.25
    Marker Score: 154
  • Cell Name: activated CD8-positive, alpha-beta T cell (CL0000906)
    Fold Change: 0.25
    Marker Score: 182
  • Cell Name: CD8-alpha-beta-positive, alpha-beta intraepithelial T cell (CL0000796)
    Fold Change: 0.25
    Marker Score: 76
  • Cell Name: CD16-negative, CD56-bright natural killer cell, human (CL0000938)
    Fold Change: 0.24
    Marker Score: 199
  • Cell Name: CD34-positive, CD56-positive, CD117-positive common innate lymphoid precursor, human (CL0001074)
    Fold Change: 0.24
    Marker Score: 66
  • Cell Name: megakaryocyte progenitor cell (CL0000553)
    Fold Change: 0.23
    Marker Score: 64
  • Cell Name: pre-conventional dendritic cell (CL0002010)
    Fold Change: 0.23
    Marker Score: 67
  • Cell Name: B cell (CL0000236)
    Fold Change: 0.22
    Marker Score: 213
  • Cell Name: enteroendocrine cell of small intestine (CL0009006)
    Fold Change: 0.22
    Marker Score: 63
  • Cell Name: type I NK T cell (CL0000921)
    Fold Change: 0.22
    Marker Score: 172
  • Cell Name: alpha-beta T cell (CL0000789)
    Fold Change: 0.22
    Marker Score: 166
  • Cell Name: epithelial cell of alveolus of lung (CL0010003)
    Fold Change: 0.21
    Marker Score: 95
  • Cell Name: cerebral cortex endothelial cell (CL1001602)
    Fold Change: 0.21
    Marker Score: 125
  • Cell Name: transit amplifying cell of colon (CL0009011)
    Fold Change: 0.21
    Marker Score: 95
  • Cell Name: malignant cell (CL0001064)
    Fold Change: 0.21
    Marker Score: 2759
  • Cell Name: effector memory CD4-positive, alpha-beta T cell (CL0000905)
    Fold Change: 0.2
    Marker Score: 146
  • Cell Name: CD4-positive helper T cell (CL0000492)
    Fold Change: 0.2
    Marker Score: 214
  • Cell Name: mature NK T cell (CL0000814)
    Fold Change: 0.2
    Marker Score: 91
  • Cell Name: enteroendocrine cell of colon (CL0009042)
    Fold Change: 0.19
    Marker Score: 66
  • Cell Name: transitional stage B cell (CL0000818)
    Fold Change: 0.19
    Marker Score: 67
  • Cell Name: naive T cell (CL0000898)
    Fold Change: 0.19
    Marker Score: 121
  • Cell Name: DN1 thymic pro-T cell (CL0000894)
    Fold Change: 0.19
    Marker Score: 58
  • Cell Name: T-helper 1 cell (CL0000545)
    Fold Change: 0.18
    Marker Score: 71
  • Cell Name: megakaryocyte (CL0000556)
    Fold Change: 0.18
    Marker Score: 101
  • Cell Name: immature innate lymphoid cell (CL0001082)
    Fold Change: 0.17
    Marker Score: 351
  • Cell Name: paneth cell of epithelium of small intestine (CL1000343)
    Fold Change: 0.17
    Marker Score: 42

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Other Information

**Key Characteristics:** SPINK2 is a member of the Kazal-type serine protease inhibitor family, which is characterized by its ability to inhibit serine-type endopeptidases. The SPINK2 protein is a small, cysteine-rich protein with a molecular weight of approximately 40 kDa. It is primarily expressed in hematopoietic cells, including stem cells, progenitor cells, and mature cells such as natural killer cells and oogonial cells. SPINK2 is also found in cardiac endothelial cells, suggesting its potential role in vascular regulation. **Pathways and Functions:** SPINK2 is involved in several biological pathways, including: 1. **Acrosomal vesicle and Acrosome assembly:** SPINK2 plays a crucial role in the regulation of acrosomal vesicle formation and acrosome assembly, which is essential for sperm capacitation and fertilization. 2. **Negative regulation of serine-type endopeptidase activity:** SPINK2 inhibits the activity of serine-type endopeptidases, such as trypsin and chymotrypsin, which are involved in various cellular processes, including proteolytic degradation of proteins. 3. **Protein binding:** SPINK2 interacts with various proteins, including serine-type endopeptidases, which regulates their activity and function. 4. **Spermatid development:** SPINK2 is essential for spermatid development, as it regulates the activity of serine-type endopeptidases involved in sperm maturation. **Clinical Significance:** Dysregulation of SPINK2 has been implicated in various diseases, including: 1. **Pregnancy-related disorders:** Alterations in SPINK2 expression have been linked to pregnancy-related disorders, such as recurrent miscarriage and preterm labor. 2. **Cardiovascular diseases:** SPINK2 has been shown to regulate vascular function, and its dysregulation may contribute to cardiovascular diseases, such as atherosclerosis and hypertension. 3. **Cancer:** SPINK2 has been identified as a tumor suppressor gene, and its dysregulation has been linked to various types of cancer, including breast and prostate cancer. In conclusion, SPINK2 is a crucial gene that plays a significant role in regulating serine-type endopeptidase activity and is involved in various biological pathways, including acrosomal vesicle assembly, spermatid development, and protein binding. Its dysregulation has been implicated in various diseases, highlighting the importance of further research into the biological significance of SPINK2.

Genular Protein ID: 4148603935

Symbol: ISK2_HUMAN

Name: Serine protease inhibitor Kazal-type 2

UniProtKB Accession Codes:

P20155 Q6FGH2

Database IDs:

AGR 1 AlphaFoldDB 1 Antibodypedia 1 BMRB 1 Bgee 1 BioGRID 1 BioGRID-ORCS 1 BioMuta 1 CCDS 1 CTD 1 DMDM 1 DNASU 1 DisGeNET 1 EMBL 8 Ensembl 1 EvolutionaryTrace 1 ExpressionAtlas 1 GO 6 Gene3D 1 GeneCards 1 GeneTree 1 GeneWiki 1 Genevisible 1 GenomeRNAi 1 HGNC 1 HOGENOM 1 HPA 1 InParanoid 1 IntAct 1 InterPro 3 KEGG 1 MEROPS 1 MIM 3 MalaCards 1 MassIVE 1 NCBI Taxonomy 1 OpenTargets 1 OrthoDB 1 PANTHER 2 PDB 4 PDBsum 2 PIR 1 PRO 1 PROSITE 2 PROSITE-ProRule 1 PathwayCommons 1 PeptideAtlas 1 Pfam 1 PharmGKB 1 Pharos 1 PhosphoSitePlus 1 PhylomeDB 1 Proteomes 1 ProteomicsDB 1 RNAct 1 RefSeq 3 SMART 1 SMR 1 SUPFAM 1 SignaLink 1 UCSC 1 UniProtKB 1 VEuPathDB 1 iPTMnet 1 jPOST 1 neXtProt 1

Citations:

PubMed ID: 1704312

Title: Molecular cloning and sequence analysis of the cDNA encoding the human acrosin-trypsin inhibitor (HUSI-II).

PubMed ID: 1704312

DOI: 10.1016/0014-5793(91)80099-o

PubMed ID: 8428671

Title: Organization and sequence of the gene encoding the human acrosin-trypsin inhibitor (HUSI-II).

PubMed ID: 8428671

DOI: 10.1016/0378-1119(93)90138-s

PubMed ID: 20736409

Title: Systematic mapping and functional analysis of a family of human epididymal secretory sperm-located proteins.

PubMed ID: 20736409

DOI: 10.1074/mcp.m110.001719

PubMed ID: 14702039

Title: Complete sequencing and characterization of 21,243 full-length human cDNAs.

PubMed ID: 14702039

DOI: 10.1038/ng1285

PubMed ID: 15489334

Title: The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC).

PubMed ID: 15489334

DOI: 10.1101/gr.2596504

PubMed ID: 2226783

Title: Amino acid sequence elucidation of human acrosin-trypsin inhibitor (HUSI-II) reveals that Kazal-type proteinase inhibitors are structurally related to beta-subunits of glycoprotein hormones.

PubMed ID: 2226783

DOI: 10.1016/0014-5793(90)81273-q

PubMed ID: 19422058

Title: Identification of trypsin-inhibitory site and structure determination of human SPINK2 serine proteinase inhibitor.

PubMed ID: 19422058

DOI: 10.1002/prot.22432

PubMed ID: 28554943

Title: SPINK2 deficiency causes infertility by inducing sperm defects in heterozygotes and azoospermia in homozygotes.

PubMed ID: 28554943

DOI: 10.15252/emmm.201607461

Sequence Information:

  • Length: 84
  • Mass: 9291
  • Checksum: E1DE1792BFB1BB85
  • Sequence:
    • MALSVLRLAL LLLAVTFAAS LIPQFGLFSK YRTPNCSQYR LPGCPRHFNP VCGSDMSTYA 
NECTLCMKIR EGGHNIKIIR NGPC

Genular Protein ID: 324718842

Symbol: D6RI10_HUMAN

Name: N/A

UniProtKB Accession Codes:

D6RI10

Database IDs:

AlphaFoldDB 1 Antibodypedia 1 Bgee 1 BioGRID-ORCS 1 CTD 1 DNASU 1 EMBL 1 Ensembl 2 ExpressionAtlas 1 GO 2 Gene3D 1 GeneTree 1 GenomeRNAi 1 HGNC 1 HOGENOM 1 InterPro 3 MANE-Select 1 MEROPS 1 MassIVE 1 MaxQB 1 NCBI Taxonomy 1 OMA 1 OrthoDB 1 PANTHER 2 PROSITE 3 PaxDb 1 PeptideAtlas 2 Pfam 1 PhylomeDB 1 Proteomes 2 ProteomicsDB 1 RefSeq 1 SAM 2 SMART 1 SMR 1 STRING 1 SUPFAM 1 UCSC 1 VEuPathDB 1 eggNOG 1

Citations:

PubMed ID: 15815621

Title: Generation and annotation of the DNA sequences of human chromosomes 2 and 4.

PubMed ID: 15815621

DOI: 10.1038/nature03466

Sequence Information:

  • Length: 134
  • Mass: 13891
  • Checksum: 095E186BCFC16428
  • Sequence:
    • MALSVLRLAL LLLAVTFAGS ARSGPGERGP PEKSGFGSQT GGGPCPAPGG LGDGTRAPVT 
GGSPEDLPAS LIPQFGLFSK YRTPNCSQYR LPGCPRHFNP VCGSDMSTYA NECTLCMKIR 
EGGHNIKIIR NGPC

Genular Protein ID: 557236015

Symbol: A0A087WTA9_HUMAN

Name: N/A

UniProtKB Accession Codes:

A0A087WTA9

Database IDs:

AlphaFoldDB 1 Antibodypedia 1 Bgee 1 BioGRID-ORCS 1 CTD 1 DNASU 1 EMBL 1 Ensembl 2 ExpressionAtlas 1 GO 2 GeneTree 1 GenomeRNAi 1 HGNC 1 HOGENOM 1 InterPro 1 MassIVE 1 NCBI Taxonomy 1 OrthoDB 1 PANTHER 2 PeptideAtlas 2 Proteomes 2 ProteomicsDB 1 RefSeq 1 SAM 2 SMR 1 UCSC 1 VEuPathDB 1

Citations:

PubMed ID: 15815621

Title: Generation and annotation of the DNA sequences of human chromosomes 2 and 4.

PubMed ID: 15815621

DOI: 10.1038/nature03466

Sequence Information:

  • Length: 134
  • Mass: 14157
  • Checksum: CD3FD0EAE5136428
  • Sequence:
    • MALSVLRLAL LLLAVTFAGS ARSGPGERGP PEKSGFGSQT GGGPCPAPGG LGDGTRAPVT 
GGSPEDLPGK VVIILKSFEM DPADGAVYRK EDGETTFTGR LDKLHFPFFS FPVFLYMRFV 
NTHFLRAGME DSHV

Genular Protein ID: 3295850263

Symbol: D6RC51_HUMAN

Name: N/A

UniProtKB Accession Codes:

D6RC51

Database IDs:

AlphaFoldDB 1 Antibodypedia 1 Bgee 1 BioGRID-ORCS 1 CTD 1 DNASU 1 EMBL 1 Ensembl 2 ExpressionAtlas 1 GO 2 Gene3D 1 GeneTree 1 GenomeRNAi 1 HGNC 1 InterPro 3 MEROPS 1 MassIVE 1 MaxQB 1 NCBI Taxonomy 1 OrthoDB 1 PANTHER 2 PROSITE 3 PeptideAtlas 2 Pfam 1 Proteomes 2 ProteomicsDB 1 RefSeq 1 SAM 2 SMART 1 SMR 1 SUPFAM 1 UCSC 1 VEuPathDB 1

Citations:

PubMed ID: 15815621

Title: Generation and annotation of the DNA sequences of human chromosomes 2 and 4.

PubMed ID: 15815621

DOI: 10.1038/nature03466

Sequence Information:

  • Length: 119
  • Mass: 12455
  • Checksum: E32B1E6811C3ADFF
  • Sequence:
    • MALSVLRLAL LLLAVTFAGS ARSGPGERGP PEKSGFGSQT GGGPCPAPGG LGDASLIPQF 
GLFSKYRTPN CSQYRLPGCP RHFNPVCGSD MSTYANECTL CMKIREGGHN IKIIRNGPC

Database document:

This is a preview of the gene's schema. Only a few entries are kept for 'singleCellExpressions,' 'mRNAExpressions,' and other large data arrays for visualization purposes. For the full schema, download it here.