Details for: TRGV10

Gene ID: 6984

Gene Type:  Pseudogene  - A non-functional segment of DNA that resembles a functional gene but has lost its protein-coding ability or is otherwise no longer expressed.

Symbol: TRGV10

Ensembl ID: ENSG00000211694

Description: T cell receptor gamma variable 10 (non-functional)

Cell Significance Landscape

Associated with

Significant Cells

Cell Significance Index (CSI) scores for the chosen context(s)

  • central memory CD8-positive, alpha-beta T cell CL0000907
    CSI 82.81
    rCSI 55.79%
    PRS 99.86
  • CD8-positive, CD28-negative, alpha-beta regulatory T cell CL0000920
    CSI 26.03
    rCSI 51.9%
    PRS 99.68
  • activated CD8-positive, alpha-beta T cell, human CL0001049
    CSI 15.67
    rCSI 26.8%
    PRS 99.63
  • CD4-positive, alpha-beta cytotoxic T cell CL0000934
    CSI 11.59
    rCSI 15.92%
    PRS 99.79
  • CD8-positive, alpha-beta memory T cell CL0000909
    CSI 9.16
    rCSI 9.57%
    PRS 99.47
  • effector CD8-positive, alpha-beta T cell CL0001050
    CSI 6.81
    rCSI 5.18%
    PRS 99.8
  • CD8-alpha-alpha-positive, alpha-beta intraepithelial T cell CL0000915
    CSI 6.39
    rCSI 29.03%
    PRS 99.75
  • CD8-positive, alpha-beta cytotoxic T cell CL0000794
    CSI 6
    rCSI 7.16%
    PRS 99.63
  • activated type II NK T cell CL0000931
    CSI 4.02
    rCSI 4.52%
    PRS 99.75
  • CD8-positive, alpha-beta memory T cell, CD45RO-positive CL0001203
    CSI 3.72
    rCSI 4.51%
    PRS 93.02
  • effector memory CD8-positive, alpha-beta T cell, terminally differentiated CL0001062
    CSI 1.37
    rCSI 6.89%
    PRS 99.72
  • double negative T regulatory cell CL0011024
    CSI 0.8
    rCSI 15.22%
    PRS 99.18

Cell ID: Standard Cell Ontology term used for mapping and comparing cells across experiments. Ensures consistency in analyzing cellular functions across tissues.
Fold Change: Represents the ratio of the current Cell Significance Index to the Cell Significance Index Threshold, indicating how much the gene expression has changed compared to a baseline.
Cell Significance Index: Reflects how strongly a gene is expressed in this specific cell.

Cell ID: Standard Cell Ontology term used for mapping and comparing cells across experiments. Ensures consistency in analyzing cellular functions across tissues.
Fold Change: Represents the ratio of the current Cell Significance Index to the Cell Significance Index Threshold, indicating how much the gene expression has changed compared to a baseline.
Cell Significance Index: Reflects how strongly a gene is expressed in this cell type. Calculated using techniques like effect size estimation and bootstrapping for reliability.

Cell ID: Standard Cell Ontology term used for mapping and comparing cells across experiments. Ensures consistency in analyzing cellular functions across tissues.
Fold Change: Represents the ratio of the current Cell Significance Index to the Cell Significance Index Threshold, indicating how much the gene expression has changed compared to a baseline.
Cell Significance Index: Reflects how strongly a gene is expressed in this cell type. Calculated using techniques like effect size estimation and bootstrapping for reliability.
Network Configuration

Explore relationships of the current gene. Select an Interaction Source: 'ONTOLOGY' for shared pathways (GO/Reactome) or 'STRING' for protein-protein interactions. Further refine by selecting context genes and comparing Cell Significance Index (CSI) scores between baseline and target cell types and their specific contexts.

Comma-separated if multiple.
Comma-separated if multiple.
Legend:
  • Query Gene
  • Node Color (Target Cell CSI, relative to current network):
    • Very High
    • High
    • Medium
    • Low
    • Very Low
    • CSI N/A
  • Node Size: Proportional to Target Cell CSI magnitude
  • STRING PPI Edge
  • Shared Pathway Edge (ONTOLOGY)

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Other Information

This section provides additional information about the gene, including a description generated by an AI language model and details about associated proteins.

## Summary [TRGV10](/details-gene/6984) is a non-functional pseudogene located on chromosome 7 within the T cell receptor gamma (TRG) locus. Despite its classification as a pseudogene, its expression is highly specific and significant within subsets of the T cell lineage. Functional annotations link its locus to the [adaptive immune response](https://www.ebi.ac.uk/QuickGO/term/GO:0002250) and the [T cell receptor complex](https://www.ebi.ac.uk/QuickGO/term/GO:0042101). The data strongly suggests that while [TRGV10](/details-gene/6984) may not produce a functional protein, its transcript serves as a highly specific molecular marker, particularly for cytotoxic and memory T cell populations. ## Cellular Roles and Expression Landscape The expression pattern of [TRGV10](/details-gene/6984) is remarkably restricted to specific lymphocyte populations, positioning it as a key identifier for distinct T cell subsets. **Overall**, the gene's significance is most pronounced in cytotoxic and memory T lymphocytes. It shows exceptionally high significance in the [central memory CD8-positive, alpha-beta T cell](/details-cell/CL0000907) population (CSI: 82.81), suggesting its expression is a defining feature of this cell state. Its significance is also notable in other related populations, including [CD8-positive, CD28-negative, alpha-beta regulatory T cells](/details-cell/CL0000920) (CSI: 26.03), [activated CD8-positive, alpha-beta T cells, human](/details-cell/CL0001049) (CSI: 15.67), and various other effector and memory T cell subsets. The consistent high ranking across these related cell types indicates that [TRGV10](/details-gene/6984) expression is tightly associated with the molecular programs governing T cell activation, memory formation, and cytotoxic function. The inclusion of [activated type II NK T cells](/details-cell/CL0000931) further broadens its role to innate-like T lymphocytes. The transcript's presence across these functionally related cells suggests it may be involved in, or is a marker of, shared transcriptional networks active during an immune response. ## Pathways and Molecular Function Although classified as a pseudogene and presumed to be non-protein-coding, the transcriptional activity at the [TRGV10](/details-gene/6984) locus is annotated with functions central to T cell biology. Its association with the Gene Ontology terms for [adaptive immune response](https://www.ebi.ac.uk/QuickGO/term/GO:0002250) and the [T cell receptor complex](https://www.ebi.ac.uk/QuickGO/term/GO:0042101) is entirely consistent with its highly specific expression in T lymphocytes. This suggests that the regulatory elements controlling [TRGV10](/details-gene/6984) transcription are deeply integrated into the core machinery that defines T cell identity and function, even if the transcript itself is non-functional in a classical protein-coding sense. ## Research Directions The specific expression of a "non-functional" pseudogene like [TRGV10](/details-gene/6984) in key immune cell subsets raises intriguing questions about its potential regulatory roles. ### Proposed Hypotheses 1. **[TRGV10](/details-gene/6984) functions as a long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) to regulate T cell memory.** The highly specific and abundant expression in [central memory CD8-positive, alpha-beta T cells](/details-cell/CL0000907) suggests the transcript itself could be functional. As a lncRNA, it may act as a scaffold for chromatin-modifying enzymes or as a competitive endogenous RNA (ceRNA) that sequesters microRNAs, thereby fine-tuning the expression of genes critical for the establishment and maintenance of the T cell memory state. 2. **[TRGV10](/details-gene/6984) transcription is a biomarker of TCR locus accessibility and T cell lineage commitment.** An alternative hypothesis is that the transcript has no direct function but its expression is a consequence of an open chromatin state at the TRG locus during T cell development or activation. In this model, the level of [TRGV10](/details-gene/6984) RNA serves as a sensitive readout of the transcriptional activity and epigenetic landscape of this genomic region, which is critical for T cell identity, rather than being a functional molecule itself. ### Key Experiments To test the hypothesis that [TRGV10](/details-gene/6984) functions as a regulatory lncRNA (Hypothesis 1), a targeted knockdown experiment could be performed. Using CRISPR interference (CRISPRi) to specifically repress transcription of [TRGV10](/details-gene/6984) in primary human CD8+ T cells, one could then induce differentiation towards a central memory phenotype in vitro. Subsequent single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) would reveal changes in the transcriptome of [TRGV10](/details-gene/6984)-deficient cells, identifying potential downstream targets. This could be complemented with functional assays, such as proliferation and cytokine secretion upon re-stimulation, to determine if the loss of [TRGV10](/details-gene/6984) impairs memory T cell function. ### Therapeutic Potential As a pseudogene, [TRGV10](/details-gene/6984) is not a conventional drug target. However, if it is validated as a functional lncRNA essential for T cell memory, it could represent a novel target for immunotherapy. Its high specificity for T cell subsets would be advantageous. For instance, antisense oligonucleotides (ASOs) could be designed to degrade the [TRGV10](/details-gene/6984) transcript. Depending on its precise role, such a strategy could be used to either enhance T cell memory formation in vaccines or dampen T cell activity in autoimmune contexts. Its utility as a highly specific biomarker for monitoring memory T cell populations in various disease states or in response to therapy also holds significant clinical potential.