Details for: C1S

Gene ID: 716

Symbol: C1S

Ensembl ID: ENSG00000182326

Description: complement C1s

Associated with

Cells (max top 100)

(Marker Scores and respective Thresholds are uniquely calculated using our advanced thresholding algorithms to reveal cell-specific gene markers)

  • Cell Name: skeletal muscle fibroblast (CL0011027)
    Fold Change: 3.95
    Marker Score: 2,598
  • Cell Name: fibroblast of lung (CL0002553)
    Fold Change: 3.68
    Marker Score: 9,643
  • Cell Name: bronchus fibroblast of lung (CL2000093)
    Fold Change: 3.58
    Marker Score: 4,927
  • Cell Name: retinal bipolar neuron (CL0000748)
    Fold Change: 3.42
    Marker Score: 28,952
  • Cell Name: fibroblast of connective tissue of nonglandular part of prostate (CL1000304)
    Fold Change: 3.4
    Marker Score: 2,898
  • Cell Name: fibroblast of mammary gland (CL0002555)
    Fold Change: 3.35
    Marker Score: 114,113
  • Cell Name: theca cell (CL0000503)
    Fold Change: 3.23
    Marker Score: 2,313
  • Cell Name: inflammatory cell (CL0009002)
    Fold Change: 3.17
    Marker Score: 1,364
  • Cell Name: fibroblast of connective tissue of glandular part of prostate (CL1000305)
    Fold Change: 3.14
    Marker Score: 1,309
  • Cell Name: skin fibroblast (CL0002620)
    Fold Change: 2.91
    Marker Score: 754
  • Cell Name: decidual cell (CL2000002)
    Fold Change: 2.9
    Marker Score: 12,495
  • Cell Name: periportal region hepatocyte (CL0019026)
    Fold Change: 2.88
    Marker Score: 15,462
  • Cell Name: epicardial adipocyte (CL1000309)
    Fold Change: 2.76
    Marker Score: 1,338
  • Cell Name: fibroblast of breast (CL4006000)
    Fold Change: 2.71
    Marker Score: 1,545
  • Cell Name: stromal cell of ovary (CL0002132)
    Fold Change: 2.68
    Marker Score: 30,203
  • Cell Name: stromal cell of lamina propria of small intestine (CL0009022)
    Fold Change: 2.59
    Marker Score: 583
  • Cell Name: fibroblast of connective tissue of prostate (CL1000299)
    Fold Change: 2.5
    Marker Score: 622
  • Cell Name: prostate stromal cell (CL0002622)
    Fold Change: 2.48
    Marker Score: 622
  • Cell Name: keratocyte (CL0002363)
    Fold Change: 2.41
    Marker Score: 555
  • Cell Name: cardiac muscle cell (CL0000746)
    Fold Change: 2.22
    Marker Score: 29,472
  • Cell Name: centrilobular region hepatocyte (CL0019029)
    Fold Change: 2.12
    Marker Score: 13,619
  • Cell Name: midzonal region hepatocyte (CL0019028)
    Fold Change: 2.05
    Marker Score: 8,855
  • Cell Name: pancreatic stellate cell (CL0002410)
    Fold Change: 1.97
    Marker Score: 1,245
  • Cell Name: mesothelial cell of epicardium (CL0011019)
    Fold Change: 1.94
    Marker Score: 624
  • Cell Name: alveolar type 2 fibroblast cell (CL4028006)
    Fold Change: 1.92
    Marker Score: 1,069
  • Cell Name: kidney interstitial fibroblast (CL1000692)
    Fold Change: 1.9
    Marker Score: 3,653
  • Cell Name: vascular leptomeningeal cell (CL4023051)
    Fold Change: 1.89
    Marker Score: 2,178
  • Cell Name: smooth muscle cell (CL0000192)
    Fold Change: 1.79
    Marker Score: 1,180
  • Cell Name: fibroblast (CL0000057)
    Fold Change: 1.79
    Marker Score: 1,729
  • Cell Name: medullary thymic epithelial cell (CL0002365)
    Fold Change: 1.78
    Marker Score: 2,917
  • Cell Name: adventitial cell (CL0002503)
    Fold Change: 1.71
    Marker Score: 423
  • Cell Name: colon goblet cell (CL0009039)
    Fold Change: 1.58
    Marker Score: 1,151
  • Cell Name: endothelial cell of pericentral hepatic sinusoid (CL0019022)
    Fold Change: 1.55
    Marker Score: 1,660
  • Cell Name: mesenchymal lymphangioblast (CL0005021)
    Fold Change: 1.54
    Marker Score: 343
  • Cell Name: mesodermal cell (CL0000222)
    Fold Change: 1.48
    Marker Score: 19,488
  • Cell Name: supporting cell (CL0000630)
    Fold Change: 1.4
    Marker Score: 2,625
  • Cell Name: hepatic stellate cell (CL0000632)
    Fold Change: 1.38
    Marker Score: 522
  • Cell Name: hepatocyte (CL0000182)
    Fold Change: 1.37
    Marker Score: 936
  • Cell Name: interstitial cell of ovary (CL0002094)
    Fold Change: 1.34
    Marker Score: 8,722
  • Cell Name: myofibroblast cell (CL0000186)
    Fold Change: 1.33
    Marker Score: 1,642
  • Cell Name: mesothelial cell (CL0000077)
    Fold Change: 1.26
    Marker Score: 505
  • Cell Name: fat cell (CL0000136)
    Fold Change: 1.26
    Marker Score: 703
  • Cell Name: smooth muscle cell of prostate (CL1000487)
    Fold Change: 1.22
    Marker Score: 311
  • Cell Name: non-pigmented ciliary epithelial cell (CL0002304)
    Fold Change: 1.2
    Marker Score: 352
  • Cell Name: pigmented epithelial cell (CL0000529)
    Fold Change: 1.18
    Marker Score: 4,930
  • Cell Name: kidney proximal straight tubule epithelial cell (CL1000839)
    Fold Change: 1.16
    Marker Score: 2,742
  • Cell Name: enterocyte of epithelium of small intestine (CL1000334)
    Fold Change: 1.14
    Marker Score: 4,782
  • Cell Name: cardiac muscle myoblast (CL0000513)
    Fold Change: 1.14
    Marker Score: 17,773
  • Cell Name: astrocyte of the cerebral cortex (CL0002605)
    Fold Change: 1.13
    Marker Score: 24,142
  • Cell Name: pneumocyte (CL0000322)
    Fold Change: 1.1
    Marker Score: 1,775
  • Cell Name: uterine smooth muscle cell (CL0002601)
    Fold Change: 1.1
    Marker Score: 1,427
  • Cell Name: cortical thymic epithelial cell (CL0002364)
    Fold Change: 1.08
    Marker Score: 3,990
  • Cell Name: immature innate lymphoid cell (CL0001082)
    Fold Change: 1.03
    Marker Score: 2,098
  • Cell Name: enteric smooth muscle cell (CL0002504)
    Fold Change: 1.02
    Marker Score: 2,396
  • Cell Name: cerebral cortex GABAergic interneuron (CL0010011)
    Fold Change: 1
    Marker Score: 71,778
  • Cell Name: forebrain radial glial cell (CL0013000)
    Fold Change: 1
    Marker Score: 48,003
  • Cell Name: cardiac neuron (CL0010022)
    Fold Change: 1
    Marker Score: 1,242
  • Cell Name: smooth muscle cell of large intestine (CL1000279)
    Fold Change: 1
    Marker Score: 377
  • Cell Name: absorptive cell (CL0000212)
    Fold Change: 0.98
    Marker Score: 30,404
  • Cell Name: reticular cell (CL0000432)
    Fold Change: 0.97
    Marker Score: 355
  • Cell Name: tuft cell of colon (CL0009041)
    Fold Change: 0.97
    Marker Score: 499
  • Cell Name: BEST4+ intestinal epithelial cell, human (CL4030026)
    Fold Change: 0.96
    Marker Score: 453
  • Cell Name: intestinal crypt stem cell of colon (CL0009043)
    Fold Change: 0.95
    Marker Score: 2,410
  • Cell Name: contractile cell (CL0000183)
    Fold Change: 0.93
    Marker Score: 506
  • Cell Name: skeletal muscle satellite stem cell (CL0008011)
    Fold Change: 0.93
    Marker Score: 995
  • Cell Name: small intestine goblet cell (CL1000495)
    Fold Change: 0.92
    Marker Score: 368
  • Cell Name: mesenchymal stem cell (CL0000134)
    Fold Change: 0.92
    Marker Score: 1,413
  • Cell Name: abnormal cell (CL0001061)
    Fold Change: 0.91
    Marker Score: 2,738
  • Cell Name: mononuclear cell (CL0000842)
    Fold Change: 0.9
    Marker Score: 291
  • Cell Name: endothelial cell of periportal hepatic sinusoid (CL0019021)
    Fold Change: 0.89
    Marker Score: 246
  • Cell Name: epithelial cell of small intestine (CL0002254)
    Fold Change: 0.89
    Marker Score: 321
  • Cell Name: OFF retinal ganglion cell (CL4023033)
    Fold Change: 0.89
    Marker Score: 373
  • Cell Name: anterior lens cell (CL0002223)
    Fold Change: 0.89
    Marker Score: 1,193
  • Cell Name: transit amplifying cell (CL0009010)
    Fold Change: 0.88
    Marker Score: 5,047
  • Cell Name: basal epithelial cell of prostatic duct (CL0002236)
    Fold Change: 0.88
    Marker Score: 779
  • Cell Name: Leydig cell (CL0000178)
    Fold Change: 0.88
    Marker Score: 945
  • Cell Name: neoplastic cell (CL0001063)
    Fold Change: 0.87
    Marker Score: 5,296
  • Cell Name: ciliary muscle cell (CL1000443)
    Fold Change: 0.87
    Marker Score: 1,905
  • Cell Name: myoepithelial cell of mammary gland (CL0002324)
    Fold Change: 0.86
    Marker Score: 4,212
  • Cell Name: cholangiocyte (CL1000488)
    Fold Change: 0.85
    Marker Score: 318
  • Cell Name: ovarian surface epithelial cell (CL2000064)
    Fold Change: 0.85
    Marker Score: 2,313
  • Cell Name: pancreatic ductal cell (CL0002079)
    Fold Change: 0.84
    Marker Score: 868
  • Cell Name: tracheobronchial smooth muscle cell (CL0019019)
    Fold Change: 0.83
    Marker Score: 244
  • Cell Name: L2/3-6 intratelencephalic projecting glutamatergic neuron (CL4023040)
    Fold Change: 0.82
    Marker Score: 50,345
  • Cell Name: near-projecting glutamatergic cortical neuron (CL4023012)
    Fold Change: 0.82
    Marker Score: 7,673
  • Cell Name: connective tissue cell (CL0002320)
    Fold Change: 0.81
    Marker Score: 211
  • Cell Name: regular ventricular cardiac myocyte (CL0002131)
    Fold Change: 0.81
    Marker Score: 18,082
  • Cell Name: Schwann cell (CL0002573)
    Fold Change: 0.81
    Marker Score: 280
  • Cell Name: early T lineage precursor (CL0002425)
    Fold Change: 0.8
    Marker Score: 612
  • Cell Name: tendon cell (CL0000388)
    Fold Change: 0.8
    Marker Score: 196
  • Cell Name: fibroblast of cardiac tissue (CL0002548)
    Fold Change: 0.8
    Marker Score: 4,787
  • Cell Name: ionocyte (CL0005006)
    Fold Change: 0.78
    Marker Score: 238
  • Cell Name: intestinal epithelial cell (CL0002563)
    Fold Change: 0.78
    Marker Score: 1,265
  • Cell Name: choroid plexus epithelial cell (CL0000706)
    Fold Change: 0.77
    Marker Score: 708
  • Cell Name: stem cell of epidermis (CL1000428)
    Fold Change: 0.76
    Marker Score: 258
  • Cell Name: Cajal-Retzius cell (CL0000695)
    Fold Change: 0.75
    Marker Score: 390
  • Cell Name: brush cell (CL0002204)
    Fold Change: 0.75
    Marker Score: 687
  • Cell Name: L5 extratelencephalic projecting glutamatergic cortical neuron (CL4023041)
    Fold Change: 0.74
    Marker Score: 1,143
  • Cell Name: lens epithelial cell (CL0002224)
    Fold Change: 0.74
    Marker Score: 896
  • Cell Name: lymphoid lineage restricted progenitor cell (CL0000838)
    Fold Change: 0.74
    Marker Score: 444

Cell ID: Standard Cell Ontology term used for mapping and comparing cells across experiments. Ensures consistency in analyzing cellular functions across tissues.
Fold Change: Represents the ratio of the current Marker Score to the Marker Score Threshold, indicating how much the gene expression has changed compared to a baseline.
Marker Score: Reflects how strongly a gene is expressed in this cell type. Calculated using techniques like effect size estimation and bootstrapping for reliability.

Cell ID: Standard Cell Ontology term used for mapping and comparing cells across experiments. Ensures consistency in analyzing cellular functions across tissues.
Fold Change: Represents the ratio of the current Marker Score to the Marker Score Threshold, indicating how much the gene expression has changed compared to a baseline.
Marker Score: Reflects how strongly a gene is expressed in this cell type. Calculated using techniques like effect size estimation and bootstrapping for reliability.

Cell ID: Standard Cell Ontology term used for mapping and comparing cells across experiments. Ensures consistency in analyzing cellular functions across tissues.
Fold Change: Represents the ratio of the current Marker Score to the Marker Score Threshold, indicating how much the gene expression has changed compared to a baseline.
Marker Score: Reflects how strongly a gene is expressed in this cell type. Calculated using techniques like effect size estimation and bootstrapping for reliability.

Other Information

Title: Unveiling the Role of Complement C1s in the Immune System: A Comprehensive Review As an expert immunologist, I am delighted to delve into the intricacies of the complement system, a vital component of the innate immune response. In this article, we will focus on the gene encoding Complement C1s (C1S), a serine protease that plays a pivotal role in the classical pathway of complement activation. Our discussion will cover the gene's summary, key characteristics, pathways and functions, and clinical significance. Summary -------- Complement C1s is a crucial protein in the complement system, a group of proteins that work together to defend the body against pathogens. This gene encodes for the C1s subcomponent, a serine protease that catalyzes the cleavage of C4 and C2, activating the classical pathway of complement activation. The C1s protein is expressed in various tissues, including skeletal muscle, lung, and mammary gland fibroblasts, and is involved in the regulation of the complement cascade. Key Characteristics -------------------- The C1s protein is a serine protease that exhibits a unique molecular structure, consisting of two subunits connected by a disulfide bond. This structure allows for the protein to bind to C4 and C2, facilitating their cleavage and activation of the classical pathway. The C1s protein is also characterized by its ability to bind to calcium ions, which is essential for its enzymatic activity. Pathways and Functions ---------------------- The classical pathway of complement activation is initiated when C1s cleaves C4 and C2, generating C4a and C2a fragments. These fragments then bind to C1q, forming a C1q-C1r-C1s complex. This complex then binds to the Fc region of IgG antibodies, triggering a cascade of events that ultimately lead to the opsonization and clearance of pathogens. The C1s protein plays a central role in this pathway, as it is responsible for the cleavage of C4 and C2. The C1s-C4-C2 complex then activates the complement cascade, leading to the production of various complement proteins, including C3, C5, and C6. These proteins work together to form the membrane attack complex (MAC), which ultimately leads to the lysis of pathogens. Clinical Significance ------------------- Dysregulation of the complement system has been implicated in various diseases, including autoimmune disorders, such as systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and rheumatoid arthritis (RA). The C1s protein has been shown to play a critical role in the pathogenesis of these diseases, as it can contribute to the formation of immune complexes and the activation of the complement cascade. Furthermore, the C1s protein has been implicated in the development of cancer, as it can promote tumor growth and metastasis. The C1s protein has also been shown to be involved in the regulation of the innate immune response, and its dysregulation can lead to the development of inflammatory diseases, such as atherosclerosis and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Conclusion ---------- In conclusion, the Complement C1s gene plays a vital role in the immune system, particularly in the classical pathway of complement activation. The C1s protein is a serine protease that catalyzes the cleavage of C4 and C2, activating the complement cascade. The C1s protein is expressed in various tissues and is involved in the regulation of the complement cascade, making it a critical component of the innate immune response. Further research is needed to fully understand the role of C1s in disease pathogenesis and to explore potential therapeutic strategies for the treatment of diseases associated with complement dysregulation.

Genular Protein ID: 3994444760

Symbol: C1S_HUMAN

Name: Complement C1s subcomponent

UniProtKB Accession Codes:

Database IDs:

Citations:

PubMed ID: 3500856

Title: Molecular cloning of cDNA for human complement component C1s. The complete amino acid sequence.

PubMed ID: 3500856

DOI: 10.1111/j.1432-1033.1987.tb13644.x

PubMed ID: 2831944

Title: Complete cDNA sequence of human complement Cls and close physical linkage of the homologous genes Cls and Clr.

PubMed ID: 2831944

DOI: 10.1021/bi00400a004

PubMed ID: 2459702

Title: Human genes for complement components C1r and C1s in a close tail-to-tail arrangement.

PubMed ID: 2459702

DOI: 10.1073/pnas.85.19.7307

PubMed ID: 15489334

Title: The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC).

PubMed ID: 15489334

DOI: 10.1101/gr.2596504

PubMed ID: 9794427

Title: Two lineages of mannose-binding lectin-associated serine protease (MASP) in vertebrates.

PubMed ID: 9794427

PubMed ID: 2553984

Title: Complement genes C1r and C1s feature an intronless serine protease domain closely related to haptoglobin.

PubMed ID: 2553984

DOI: 10.1016/0022-2836(89)90161-7

PubMed ID: 3007145

Title: Human complement component C1s. Partial sequence determination of the heavy chain and identification of the peptide bond cleaved during activation.

PubMed ID: 3007145

DOI: 10.1111/j.1432-1033.1986.tb09546.x

PubMed ID: 6362661

Title: The serine proteinase chain of human complement component C1s. Cyanogen bromide cleavage and N-terminal sequences of the fragments.

PubMed ID: 6362661

DOI: 10.1042/bj2150565

PubMed ID: 2141278

Title: Chemical and functional characterization of a fragment of C1-s containing the epidermal growth factor homology region.

PubMed ID: 2141278

DOI: 10.1021/bi00466a021

PubMed ID: 1854725

Title: Effect of lactoperoxidase-catalyzed iodination on the Ca(2+)-dependent interactions of human C1s. Location of the iodination sites.

PubMed ID: 1854725

DOI: 10.1021/bi00243a014

PubMed ID: 2007122

Title: Identification of the disulfide bonds of human complement C1s.

PubMed ID: 2007122

DOI: 10.1021/bi00225a014

PubMed ID: 7779774

Title: Structure of the catalytic region of human complement protease C1s: study by chemical cross-linking and three-dimensional homology modeling.

PubMed ID: 7779774

DOI: 10.1021/bi00022a004

PubMed ID: 11527969

Title: Substrate specificities of recombinant mannan-binding lectin-associated serine proteases-1 and -2.

PubMed ID: 11527969

DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m105934200

PubMed ID: 11390518

Title: Molecular basis of a selective C1s deficiency associated with early onset multiple autoimmune diseases.

PubMed ID: 11390518

DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.166.12.7612

PubMed ID: 16335952

Title: Human plasma N-glycoproteome analysis by immunoaffinity subtraction, hydrazide chemistry, and mass spectrometry.

PubMed ID: 16335952

DOI: 10.1021/pr0502065

PubMed ID: 19159218

Title: Glycoproteomics analysis of human liver tissue by combination of multiple enzyme digestion and hydrazide chemistry.

PubMed ID: 19159218

DOI: 10.1021/pr8008012

PubMed ID: 24275569

Title: An enzyme assisted RP-RPLC approach for in-depth analysis of human liver phosphoproteome.

PubMed ID: 24275569

DOI: 10.1016/j.jprot.2013.11.014

PubMed ID: 27745832

Title: Periodontal Ehlers-Danlos syndrome is caused by mutations in C1R and C1S, which encode subcomponents C1r and C1s of complement.

PubMed ID: 27745832

DOI: 10.1016/j.ajhg.2016.08.019

PubMed ID: 10775260

Title: Crystal structure of the catalytic domain of human complement c1s: a serine protease with a handle.

PubMed ID: 10775260

DOI: 10.1093/emboj/19.8.1755

PubMed ID: 12788922

Title: X-ray structure of the Ca2+-binding interaction domain of C1s. Insights into the assembly of the C1 complex of complement.

PubMed ID: 12788922

DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m305175200

Sequence Information:

  • Length: 688
  • Mass: 76684
  • Checksum: 85522647A4C47205
  • Sequence:
  • MWCIVLFSLL AWVYAEPTMY GEILSPNYPQ AYPSEVEKSW DIEVPEGYGI HLYFTHLDIE 
    LSENCAYDSV QIISGDTEEG RLCGQRSSNN PHSPIVEEFQ VPYNKLQVIF KSDFSNEERF 
    TGFAAYYVAT DINECTDFVD VPCSHFCNNF IGGYFCSCPP EYFLHDDMKN CGVNCSGDVF 
    TALIGEIASP NYPKPYPENS RCEYQIRLEK GFQVVVTLRR EDFDVEAADS AGNCLDSLVF 
    VAGDRQFGPY CGHGFPGPLN IETKSNALDI IFQTDLTGQK KGWKLRYHGD PMPCPKEDTP 
    NSVWEPAKAK YVFRDVVQIT CLDGFEVVEG RVGATSFYST CQSNGKWSNS KLKCQPVDCG 
    IPESIENGKV EDPESTLFGS VIRYTCEEPY YYMENGGGGE YHCAGNGSWV NEVLGPELPK 
    CVPVCGVPRE PFEEKQRIIG GSDADIKNFP WQVFFDNPWA GGALINEYWV LTAAHVVEGN 
    REPTMYVGST SVQTSRLAKS KMLTPEHVFI HPGWKLLEVP EGRTNFDNDI ALVRLKDPVK 
    MGPTVSPICL PGTSSDYNLM DGDLGLISGW GRTEKRDRAV RLKAARLPVA PLRKCKEVKV 
    EKPTADAEAY VFTPNMICAG GEKGMDSCKG DSGGAFAVQD PNDKTKFYAA GLVSWGPQCG 
    TYGLYTRVKN YVDWIMKTMQ ENSTPRED

Genular Protein ID: 801953386

Symbol: F8WCZ6_HUMAN

Name: N/A

UniProtKB Accession Codes:

Database IDs:

Citations:

PubMed ID: 16541075

Title: The finished DNA sequence of human chromosome 12.

PubMed ID: 16541075

DOI: 10.1038/nature04569

PubMed ID: 24275569

Title: An enzyme assisted RP-RPLC approach for in-depth analysis of human liver phosphoproteome.

PubMed ID: 24275569

DOI: 10.1016/j.jprot.2013.11.014

Sequence Information:

  • Length: 521
  • Mass: 57519
  • Checksum: 0ADFEDA8AAD3AB37
  • Sequence:
  • MKNCGVNCSG DVFTALIGEI ASPNYPKPYP ENSRCEYQIR LEKGFQVVVT LRREDFDVEA 
    ADSAGNCLDS LVFVAGDRQF GPYCGHGFPG PLNIETKSNA LDIIFQTDLT GQKKGWKLRY 
    HGDPMPCPKE DTPNSVWEPA KAKYVFRDVV QITCLDGFEV VEGRVGATSF YSTCQSNGKW 
    SNSKLKCQPV DCGIPESIEN GKVEDPESTL FGSVIRYTCE EPYYYMENGG GGEYHCAGNG 
    SWVNEVLGPE LPKCVPVCGV PREPFEEKQR IIGGSDADIK NFPWQVFFDN PWAGGALINE 
    YWVLTAAHVV EGNREPTMYV GSTSVQTSRL AKSKMLTPEH VFIHPGWKLL EVPEGRTNFD 
    NDIALVRLKD PVKMGPTVSP ICLPGTSSDY NLMDGDLGLI SGWGRTEKRD RAVRLKAARL 
    PVAPLRKCKE VKVEKPTADA EAYVFTPNMI CAGGEKGMDS CKGDSGGAFA VQDPNDKTKF 
    YAAGLVSWGP QCGTYGLYTR VKNYVDWIMK TMQENSTPRE D

Database document:

This is a preview of the gene's schema. Only a few entries are kept for 'singleCellExpressions,' 'mRNAExpressions,' and other large data arrays for visualization purposes. You can zoom in with the mouse wheel for a closer view, and the text will adjust automatically if necessary. For the full schema, download it here.