Details for: UCP2

Gene ID: 7351

Symbol: UCP2

Ensembl ID: ENSG00000175567

Description: uncoupling protein 2

Associated with

Cells (max top 100)

(Cell Significance Index and respective Thresholds are uniquely calculated using our advanced thresholding algorithms to reveal cell-specific gene markers)

  • Cell Name: mucosal type mast cell (CL0000485)
    Fold Change: 85.1677
    Cell Significance Index: -34.6000
  • Cell Name: embryonic stem cell (CL0002322)
    Fold Change: 81.1147
    Cell Significance Index: -33.4200
  • Cell Name: hematopoietic oligopotent progenitor cell (CL0002032)
    Fold Change: 70.8081
    Cell Significance Index: -17.9600
  • Cell Name: peripheral blood mononuclear cell (CL2000001)
    Fold Change: 69.9087
    Cell Significance Index: -35.9600
  • Cell Name: ileal goblet cell (CL1000326)
    Fold Change: 47.5245
    Cell Significance Index: -31.8900
  • Cell Name: ciliated cell of the bronchus (CL0002332)
    Fold Change: 36.9943
    Cell Significance Index: -35.3200
  • Cell Name: centroblast (CL0009112)
    Fold Change: 26.3495
    Cell Significance Index: 61.4800
  • Cell Name: orthochromatic erythroblast (CL0000552)
    Fold Change: 12.0929
    Cell Significance Index: -14.9100
  • Cell Name: CD8-positive, alpha-beta regulatory T cell (CL0000795)
    Fold Change: 9.9301
    Cell Significance Index: -30.5000
  • Cell Name: stromal cell of bone marrow (CL0010001)
    Fold Change: 7.6570
    Cell Significance Index: -30.2200
  • Cell Name: CD4-positive, alpha-beta memory T cell, CD45RO-positive (CL0001204)
    Fold Change: 6.0748
    Cell Significance Index: 178.4100
  • Cell Name: CD8-alpha-beta-positive, alpha-beta intraepithelial T cell (CL0000796)
    Fold Change: 5.5770
    Cell Significance Index: -14.9400
  • Cell Name: tonsil germinal center B cell (CL2000006)
    Fold Change: 4.8511
    Cell Significance Index: 572.0900
  • Cell Name: epidermal Langerhans cell (CL0002457)
    Fold Change: 4.5303
    Cell Significance Index: -9.9200
  • Cell Name: umbrella cell of urothelium (CL4030056)
    Fold Change: 3.9674
    Cell Significance Index: 36.5400
  • Cell Name: CD14-positive, CD16-negative classical monocyte (CL0002057)
    Fold Change: 3.6099
    Cell Significance Index: 66.7200
  • Cell Name: peg cell (CL4033014)
    Fold Change: 3.3597
    Cell Significance Index: 77.6200
  • Cell Name: intestinal crypt stem cell of small intestine (CL0009017)
    Fold Change: 3.1629
    Cell Significance Index: 67.3600
  • Cell Name: hepatic pit cell (CL2000054)
    Fold Change: 2.6093
    Cell Significance Index: 6.9900
  • Cell Name: cell in vitro (CL0001034)
    Fold Change: 2.4884
    Cell Significance Index: 1358.9700
  • Cell Name: IgG-negative class switched memory B cell (CL0002117)
    Fold Change: 2.4106
    Cell Significance Index: 10.7800
  • Cell Name: late promyelocyte (CL0002151)
    Fold Change: 2.3409
    Cell Significance Index: 15.5300
  • Cell Name: early pro-B cell (CL0002046)
    Fold Change: 2.1950
    Cell Significance Index: 141.6100
  • Cell Name: neutrophil progenitor cell (CL0000834)
    Fold Change: 1.8842
    Cell Significance Index: 50.4000
  • Cell Name: bladder urothelial cell (CL1001428)
    Fold Change: 0.9662
    Cell Significance Index: 50.1900
  • Cell Name: progenitor cell of mammary luminal epithelium (CL0009116)
    Fold Change: 0.7725
    Cell Significance Index: 57.5800
  • Cell Name: colon goblet cell (CL0009039)
    Fold Change: 0.6964
    Cell Significance Index: 68.8900
  • Cell Name: intermediate cell of urothelium (CL4030055)
    Fold Change: 0.6549
    Cell Significance Index: 118.0500
  • Cell Name: T-helper 22 cell (CL0001042)
    Fold Change: 0.5611
    Cell Significance Index: 1.7100
  • Cell Name: basal cell of urothelium (CL1000486)
    Fold Change: 0.5316
    Cell Significance Index: 65.3700
  • Cell Name: enteroendocrine cell of colon (CL0009042)
    Fold Change: 0.3594
    Cell Significance Index: 68.3900
  • Cell Name: early promyelocyte (CL0002154)
    Fold Change: 0.2381
    Cell Significance Index: 1.5200
  • Cell Name: acinar cell of salivary gland (CL0002623)
    Fold Change: 0.0117
    Cell Significance Index: 0.5500
  • Cell Name: abnormal cell (CL0001061)
    Fold Change: 0.0097
    Cell Significance Index: 0.9900
  • Cell Name: mesonephric nephron tubule epithelial cell (CL1000022)
    Fold Change: 0.0027
    Cell Significance Index: 0.0900
  • Cell Name: pancreatic PP cell (CL0002275)
    Fold Change: -0.0084
    Cell Significance Index: -5.2400
  • Cell Name: pancreatic A cell (CL0000171)
    Fold Change: -0.0101
    Cell Significance Index: -7.5000
  • Cell Name: pigmented epithelial cell (CL0000529)
    Fold Change: -0.0127
    Cell Significance Index: -23.8900
  • Cell Name: hair follicular keratinocyte (CL2000092)
    Fold Change: -0.0150
    Cell Significance Index: -6.6200
  • Cell Name: pulmonary alveolar epithelial cell (CL0000322)
    Fold Change: -0.0157
    Cell Significance Index: -11.9000
  • Cell Name: anterior lens cell (CL0002223)
    Fold Change: -0.0182
    Cell Significance Index: -33.6000
  • Cell Name: lens epithelial cell (CL0002224)
    Fold Change: -0.0210
    Cell Significance Index: -32.3100
  • Cell Name: secondary lens fiber (CL0002225)
    Fold Change: -0.0231
    Cell Significance Index: -31.3700
  • Cell Name: enterocyte of epithelium of small intestine (CL1000334)
    Fold Change: -0.0252
    Cell Significance Index: -0.7300
  • Cell Name: neoplastic cell (CL0001063)
    Fold Change: -0.0294
    Cell Significance Index: -5.8300
  • Cell Name: epithelial cell of small intestine (CL0002254)
    Fold Change: -0.0347
    Cell Significance Index: -5.6400
  • Cell Name: type B pancreatic cell (CL0000169)
    Fold Change: -0.0401
    Cell Significance Index: -22.6300
  • Cell Name: kidney loop of Henle cortical thick ascending limb epithelial cell (CL1001109)
    Fold Change: -0.0435
    Cell Significance Index: -31.8800
  • Cell Name: non-pigmented ciliary epithelial cell (CL0002304)
    Fold Change: -0.0544
    Cell Significance Index: -34.5700
  • Cell Name: pancreatic D cell (CL0000173)
    Fold Change: -0.0579
    Cell Significance Index: -12.1900
  • Cell Name: transit amplifying cell of colon (CL0009011)
    Fold Change: -0.0701
    Cell Significance Index: -2.2500
  • Cell Name: ciliary muscle cell (CL1000443)
    Fold Change: -0.0764
    Cell Significance Index: -34.6800
  • Cell Name: enterocyte of epithelium of large intestine (CL0002071)
    Fold Change: -0.0806
    Cell Significance Index: -3.6500
  • Cell Name: obsolete caudal ganglionic eminence derived GABAergic cortical interneuron (CL4023070)
    Fold Change: -0.0817
    Cell Significance Index: -29.2900
  • Cell Name: pancreatic acinar cell (CL0002064)
    Fold Change: -0.0832
    Cell Significance Index: -14.2100
  • Cell Name: paneth cell of epithelium of small intestine (CL1000343)
    Fold Change: -0.0882
    Cell Significance Index: -1.9100
  • Cell Name: conjunctival epithelial cell (CL1000432)
    Fold Change: -0.0916
    Cell Significance Index: -1.2500
  • Cell Name: pro-T cell (CL0000827)
    Fold Change: -0.0922
    Cell Significance Index: -2.3600
  • Cell Name: dopaminergic neuron (CL0000700)
    Fold Change: -0.1013
    Cell Significance Index: -29.1500
  • Cell Name: stromal cell of ovary (CL0002132)
    Fold Change: -0.1181
    Cell Significance Index: -16.2200
  • Cell Name: small intestine goblet cell (CL1000495)
    Fold Change: -0.1429
    Cell Significance Index: -5.0200
  • Cell Name: L2/3-6 intratelencephalic projecting glutamatergic neuron (CL4023040)
    Fold Change: -0.1462
    Cell Significance Index: -29.3200
  • Cell Name: epithelial cell of stomach (CL0002178)
    Fold Change: -0.1720
    Cell Significance Index: -20.0500
  • Cell Name: pancreatic endocrine cell (CL0008024)
    Fold Change: -0.2011
    Cell Significance Index: -22.9500
  • Cell Name: lactocyte (CL0002325)
    Fold Change: -0.2050
    Cell Significance Index: -26.4900
  • Cell Name: pigmented ciliary epithelial cell (CL0002303)
    Fold Change: -0.2220
    Cell Significance Index: -32.2700
  • Cell Name: pancreatic ductal cell (CL0002079)
    Fold Change: -0.2357
    Cell Significance Index: -27.0000
  • Cell Name: odontoblast (CL0000060)
    Fold Change: -0.2492
    Cell Significance Index: -31.9500
  • Cell Name: smooth muscle cell of sphincter of pupil (CL0002243)
    Fold Change: -0.2827
    Cell Significance Index: -29.4400
  • Cell Name: mature alpha-beta T cell (CL0000791)
    Fold Change: -0.2898
    Cell Significance Index: -1.5800
  • Cell Name: luminal adaptive secretory precursor cell of mammary gland (CL4033057)
    Fold Change: -0.2929
    Cell Significance Index: -13.7700
  • Cell Name: CD4-positive, alpha-beta thymocyte (CL0000810)
    Fold Change: -0.2947
    Cell Significance Index: -5.0800
  • Cell Name: fibro/adipogenic progenitor cell (CL0009099)
    Fold Change: -0.3045
    Cell Significance Index: -15.3900
  • Cell Name: IgG memory B cell (CL0000979)
    Fold Change: -0.3179
    Cell Significance Index: -1.9200
  • Cell Name: luminal hormone-sensing cell of mammary gland (CL4033058)
    Fold Change: -0.3234
    Cell Significance Index: -1.9900
  • Cell Name: eye photoreceptor cell (CL0000287)
    Fold Change: -0.3294
    Cell Significance Index: -20.7600
  • Cell Name: cardiac muscle myoblast (CL0000513)
    Fold Change: -0.3956
    Cell Significance Index: -30.3600
  • Cell Name: neuron associated cell (CL0000095)
    Fold Change: -0.4144
    Cell Significance Index: -16.9800
  • Cell Name: lung endothelial cell (CL1001567)
    Fold Change: -0.4232
    Cell Significance Index: -22.0500
  • Cell Name: sebum secreting cell (CL0000317)
    Fold Change: -0.4316
    Cell Significance Index: -30.5300
  • Cell Name: kidney loop of Henle descending limb epithelial cell (CL1001021)
    Fold Change: -0.4472
    Cell Significance Index: -35.4200
  • Cell Name: retinal progenitor cell (CL0002672)
    Fold Change: -0.4507
    Cell Significance Index: -25.2900
  • Cell Name: basal epithelial cell of tracheobronchial tree (CL0002329)
    Fold Change: -0.4573
    Cell Significance Index: -12.7800
  • Cell Name: hippocampal granule cell (CL0001033)
    Fold Change: -0.4725
    Cell Significance Index: -31.7700
  • Cell Name: forebrain neuroblast (CL1000042)
    Fold Change: -0.4754
    Cell Significance Index: -29.2200
  • Cell Name: cortical cell of adrenal gland (CL0002097)
    Fold Change: -0.5128
    Cell Significance Index: -13.7400
  • Cell Name: intestinal tuft cell (CL0019032)
    Fold Change: -0.5238
    Cell Significance Index: -32.1200
  • Cell Name: paneth cell of colon (CL0009009)
    Fold Change: -0.5319
    Cell Significance Index: -7.9700
  • Cell Name: granulosa cell (CL0000501)
    Fold Change: -0.5767
    Cell Significance Index: -15.1700
  • Cell Name: monocyte-derived dendritic cell (CL0011031)
    Fold Change: -0.5943
    Cell Significance Index: -10.2100
  • Cell Name: glycinergic neuron (CL1001509)
    Fold Change: -0.6110
    Cell Significance Index: -32.0800
  • Cell Name: fallopian tube secretory epithelial cell (CL4030006)
    Fold Change: -0.6210
    Cell Significance Index: -9.6100
  • Cell Name: hematopoietic cell (CL0000988)
    Fold Change: -0.6393
    Cell Significance Index: -9.3500
  • Cell Name: placental villous trophoblast (CL2000060)
    Fold Change: -0.6801
    Cell Significance Index: -18.1600
  • Cell Name: Sertoli cell (CL0000216)
    Fold Change: -0.6887
    Cell Significance Index: -9.6600
  • Cell Name: myeloid leukocyte (CL0000766)
    Fold Change: -0.7136
    Cell Significance Index: -5.7800
  • Cell Name: epithelial cell of pancreas (CL0000083)
    Fold Change: -0.7258
    Cell Significance Index: -11.9600
  • Cell Name: indirect pathway medium spiny neuron (CL4023029)
    Fold Change: -0.7664
    Cell Significance Index: -33.9000
  • Cell Name: Hofbauer cell (CL3000001)
    Fold Change: -0.7689
    Cell Significance Index: -6.2700
  • Cell Name: skeletal muscle fiber (CL0008002)
    Fold Change: -0.7921
    Cell Significance Index: -20.3600

Cell ID: Standard Cell Ontology term used for mapping and comparing cells across experiments. Ensures consistency in analyzing cellular functions across tissues.
Fold Change: Represents the ratio of the current Cell Significance Index to the Cell Significance Index Threshold, indicating how much the gene expression has changed compared to a baseline.
Cell Significance Index: Reflects how strongly a gene is expressed in this specific cell.

Cell ID: Standard Cell Ontology term used for mapping and comparing cells across experiments. Ensures consistency in analyzing cellular functions across tissues.
Fold Change: Represents the ratio of the current Cell Significance Index to the Cell Significance Index Threshold, indicating how much the gene expression has changed compared to a baseline.
Cell Significance Index: Reflects how strongly a gene is expressed in this cell type. Calculated using techniques like effect size estimation and bootstrapping for reliability.

Cell ID: Standard Cell Ontology term used for mapping and comparing cells across experiments. Ensures consistency in analyzing cellular functions across tissues.
Fold Change: Represents the ratio of the current Cell Significance Index to the Cell Significance Index Threshold, indicating how much the gene expression has changed compared to a baseline.
Cell Significance Index: Reflects how strongly a gene is expressed in this cell type. Calculated using techniques like effect size estimation and bootstrapping for reliability.

Other Information

**Key Characteristics** UCP2 is a small, 33-kDa protein that is predominantly expressed in the mitochondria of various cell types, including blood cells, immune cells, and neuronal cells. It is a homodimeric protein that is composed of two identical subunits, each of which contains a transmembrane domain and a peroxisomal membrane domain. UCP2 is characterized by its ability to uncouple ATP synthesis from the respiratory chain activity, thereby reducing the energy expenditure of the cell. It also has a role in regulating the proton gradient across the mitochondrial inner membrane, which is essential for maintaining the proper functioning of the electron transport chain. **Pathways and Functions** UCP2 is involved in several signaling pathways that regulate energy metabolism and thermogenesis. Some of the key pathways and functions of UCP2 include: 1. **Adaptive thermogenesis**: UCP2 plays a crucial role in regulating thermogenesis, which is the process by which the body generates heat. This process is essential for maintaining energy homeostasis and regulating body temperature. 2. **Glucose and amino acid metabolism**: UCP2 is involved in regulating glucose and amino acid metabolism by modulating the activity of key enzymes and signaling pathways. 3. **Mitochondrial fission and fusion**: UCP2 is involved in regulating the dynamics of mitochondrial fission and fusion, which is essential for maintaining mitochondrial function and regulating cellular metabolism. 4. **Proton buffering**: UCP2 helps to regulate the proton gradient across the mitochondrial inner membrane, which is essential for maintaining the proper functioning of the electron transport chain. 5. **Oxidative stress response**: UCP2 has been implicated in regulating the response to oxidative stress, which is a condition characterized by the accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in the cell. **Clinical Significance** UCP2 has been implicated in several physiological and pathological processes, including: 1. **Obesity and diabetes**: UCP2 has been shown to play a role in regulating energy metabolism and thermogenesis, and its dysregulation has been implicated in the development of obesity and diabetes. 2. **Cancer**: UCP2 has been implicated in regulating the growth and proliferation of cancer cells, and its dysregulation has been associated with the development of various types of cancer. 3. **Neurodegenerative diseases**: UCP2 has been implicated in regulating the function of neurons and has been associated with the development of neurodegenerative diseases, including Alzheimer's disease and Parkinson's disease. 4. **Inflammatory diseases**: UCP2 has been implicated in regulating the immune response and has been associated with the development of inflammatory diseases, including rheumatoid arthritis and atherosclerosis. In conclusion, UCP2 is a critical regulator of energy metabolism and thermogenesis, and its dysregulation has been implicated in several physiological and pathological processes. Further research is needed to fully understand the role of UCP2 in regulating cellular metabolism and to explore its potential as a therapeutic target for the treatment of various diseases.

Genular Protein ID: 517509895

Symbol: UCP2_HUMAN

Name: Mitochondrial uncoupling protein 2

UniProtKB Accession Codes:

P55851 Q4PJH8 Q53HM3

Database IDs:

AGR 1 AlphaFoldDB 1 Antibodypedia 1 Bgee 1 BioGRID 1 BioGRID-ORCS 1 BioMuta 1 CCDS 1 CTD 1 ChEBI 21 ChiTaRS 1 DMDM 1 DNASU 1 DisGeNET 1 EMBL 12 Ensembl 2 ExpressionAtlas 1 GO 38 Gene3D 1 GeneCards 1 GeneReviews 1 GeneTree 1 GeneWiki 1 GenomeRNAi 1 HGNC 1 HOGENOM 1 HPA 1 InParanoid 1 IntAct 1 InterPro 4 KEGG 1 MANE-Select 1 MIM 2 MalaCards 1 MassIVE 1 NCBI Taxonomy 1 OMA 1 OpenTargets 1 Orphanet 1 OrthoDB 1 PANTHER 2 PRINTS 1 PRO 1 PROSITE 1 PathwayCommons 1 PaxDb 1 PeptideAtlas 1 Pfam 1 PharmGKB 1 Pharos 1 PhosphoSitePlus 1 PhylomeDB 1 Proteomes 1 ProteomicsDB 1 RNAct 1 Reactome 1 RefSeq 1 Rhea 11 STRING 1 SUPFAM 1 SignaLink 1 TCDB 1 TreeFam 1 UCSC 1 VEuPathDB 1 eggNOG 1 iPTMnet 1 neXtProt 1

Citations:

PubMed ID: 9180264

Title: Uncoupling protein-3: a new member of the mitochondrial carrier family with tissue-specific expression.

PubMed ID: 9180264

DOI: 10.1016/s0014-5793(97)00384-0

PubMed ID: 9054939

Title: Uncoupling protein-2: a novel gene linked to obesity and hyperinsulinemia.

PubMed ID: 9054939

DOI: 10.1038/ng0397-269

PubMed ID: 9133562

Title: Cloning and characterization of an uncoupling protein homolog: a potential molecular mediator of human thermogenesis.

PubMed ID: 9133562

DOI: 10.2337/diab.46.5.900

PubMed ID: 9568704

Title: Structure and organization of the human uncoupling protein 2 gene and identification of a common biallelic variant in Caucasian and African-American subjects.

PubMed ID: 9568704

DOI: 10.2337/diabetes.47.4.685

PubMed ID: 10082652

Title: Functional organization of the human uncoupling protein-2 gene, and juxtaposition to the uncoupling protein-3 gene.

PubMed ID: 10082652

DOI: 10.1006/bbrc.1998.0146

PubMed ID: 15489334

Title: The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC).

PubMed ID: 15489334

DOI: 10.1101/gr.2596504

PubMed ID: 11171965

Title: Uncoupling proteins 2 and 3 are highly active H(+) transporters and highly nucleotide sensitive when activated by coenzyme Q (ubiquinone).

PubMed ID: 11171965

DOI: 10.1073/pnas.98.4.1416

PubMed ID: 11278935

Title: Physiological levels of mammalian uncoupling protein 2 do not uncouple yeast mitochondria.

PubMed ID: 11278935

DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m011566200

PubMed ID: 22524567

Title: Toward understanding the mechanism of ion transport activity of neuronal uncoupling proteins UCP2, UCP4, and UCP5.

PubMed ID: 22524567

DOI: 10.1021/bi3003378

PubMed ID: 24395786

Title: UCP2 transports C4 metabolites out of mitochondria, regulating glucose and glutamine oxidation.

PubMed ID: 24395786

DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1317400111

PubMed ID: 26182433

Title: A biophysical study on molecular physiology of the uncoupling proteins of the central nervous system.

PubMed ID: 26182433

DOI: 10.1042/bsr20150130

PubMed ID: 33798544

Title: Mitochondrial proton leaks and uncoupling proteins.

PubMed ID: 33798544

DOI: 10.1016/j.bbabio.2021.148428

PubMed ID: 33373220

Title: Functional Oligomeric Forms of Uncoupling Protein 2: Strong Evidence for Asymmetry in Protein and Lipid Bilayer Systems.

PubMed ID: 33373220

DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.0c09422

PubMed ID: 11381268

Title: A common polymorphism in the promoter of UCP2 is associated with decreased risk of obesity in middle-aged humans.

PubMed ID: 11381268

DOI: 10.1038/88911

Sequence Information:

  • Length: 309
  • Mass: 33229
  • Checksum: 2E1741391621E3D9
  • Sequence:
    • MVGFKATDVP PTATVKFLGA GTAACIADLI TFPLDTAKVR LQIQGESQGP VRATASAQYR 
GVMGTILTMV RTEGPRSLYN GLVAGLQRQM SFASVRIGLY DSVKQFYTKG SEHASIGSRL 
LAGSTTGALA VAVAQPTDVV KVRFQAQARA GGGRRYQSTV NAYKTIAREE GFRGLWKGTS 
PNVARNAIVN CAELVTYDLI KDALLKANLM TDDLPCHFTS AFGAGFCTTV IASPVDVVKT 
RYMNSALGQY SSAGHCALTM LQKEGPRAFY KGFMPSFLRL GSWNVVMFVT YEQLKRALMA 
ACTSREAPF

Database document:

This is a preview of the gene's schema. Only a few entries are kept for 'singleCellExpressions,' 'mRNAExpressions,' and other large data arrays for visualization purposes. You can zoom in with the mouse wheel for a closer view, and the text will adjust automatically if necessary. For the full schema, download it here.