Details for: XPA

Gene ID: 7507

Gene Type:  Protein-coding  - A gene that serves as a template for producing a messenger RNA (mRNA) molecule, which is then translated into a functional protein.

Symbol: XPA

Ensembl ID: ENSG00000136936

Description: XPA, DNA damage recognition and repair factor

Selected Context(s):  Overall

Cell Significance Landscape

Contexts:

Associated with

Significant Cells

Cell Significance Index (CSI) scores for the chosen context(s)

  • epithelial cell of lower respiratory tract CL0002632
    CSI 7.42
    rCSI 5.75%
    PRS 42.06
  • plasmablast CL0000980
    CSI 7.41
    rCSI 5.83%
    PRS 47.96
  • respiratory basal cell CL0002633
    CSI 6.97
    rCSI 7.22%
    PRS 47.52
  • retinal blood vessel endothelial cell CL0002585
    CSI 6.12
    rCSI 9.78%
    PRS 45.33
  • enteroendocrine cell CL0000164
    CSI 5.78
    rCSI 7.9%
    PRS 44.35
  • pvalb GABAergic cortical interneuron CL4023018
    CSI 5.09
    rCSI 6.33%
    PRS 25.94
  • myoepithelial cell CL0000185
    CSI 4.95
    rCSI 12.52%
    PRS 49.82
  • intermediate monocyte CL0002393
    CSI 4.29
    rCSI 6.47%
    PRS 43.56
  • hematopoietic precursor cell CL0008001
    CSI 4.08
    rCSI 4.2%
    PRS 59.07
  • lung neuroendocrine cell CL1000223
    CSI 4.01
    rCSI 5.94%
    PRS 46.43
  • common lymphoid progenitor CL0000051
    CSI 3.89
    rCSI 5.2%
    PRS 64.2
  • progenitor cell CL0011026
    CSI 3.63
    rCSI 7.73%
    PRS 46.66
  • effector CD8-positive, alpha-beta T cell CL0001050
    CSI 3.54
    rCSI 2.69%
    PRS 52.75
  • fibroblast of cardiac tissue CL0002548
    CSI 3.34
    rCSI 15.98%
    PRS 40.28
  • mesenchymal cell CL0008019
    CSI 3.2
    rCSI 8.13%
    PRS 38.28
  • central memory CD4-positive, alpha-beta T cell CL0000904
    CSI 3.19
    rCSI 1.89%
    PRS 56.1
  • CD4-positive, alpha-beta thymocyte CL0000810
    CSI 3.06
    rCSI 2.45%
    PRS 63.13
  • fallopian tube secretory epithelial cell CL4030006
    CSI 2.95
    rCSI 2.84%
    PRS 42.3
  • pancreatic A cell CL0000171
    CSI 2.94
    rCSI 3.08%
    PRS 44.24
  • pancreatic D cell CL0000173
    CSI 2.93
    rCSI 2.89%
    PRS 43.91
  • hematopoietic multipotent progenitor cell CL0000837
    CSI 2.93
    rCSI 7.04%
    PRS 59.21
  • stromal cell CL0000499
    CSI 2.91
    rCSI 8.19%
    PRS 42.73
  • club cell CL0000158
    CSI 2.9
    rCSI 4.25%
    PRS 41.72
  • CD4-positive, alpha-beta cytotoxic T cell CL0000934
    CSI 2.86
    rCSI 3.93%
    PRS 62.45
  • kidney loop of Henle thin descending limb epithelial cell CL1001111
    CSI 2.8
    rCSI 3.96%
    PRS 39.01
  • sst GABAergic cortical interneuron CL4023017
    CSI 2.78
    rCSI 3.58%
    PRS 28.26
  • double negative thymocyte CL0002489
    CSI 2.67
    rCSI 1.86%
    PRS 49.92
  • mature T cell CL0002419
    CSI 2.67
    rCSI 2.08%
    PRS 58.09
  • alpha-beta T cell CL0000789
    CSI 2.67
    rCSI 3.13%
    PRS 56.82
  • unswitched memory B cell CL0000970
    CSI 2.62
    rCSI 2.2%
    PRS 58.86
  • immature B cell CL0000816
    CSI 2.58
    rCSI 1.92%
    PRS 54.56
  • central memory CD8-positive, alpha-beta T cell CL0000907
    CSI 2.57
    rCSI 1.73%
    PRS 51.46
  • ionocyte CL0005006
    CSI 2.52
    rCSI 2.7%
    PRS 39.67
  • mesodermal cell CL0000222
    CSI 2.47
    rCSI 2.97%
    PRS 40
  • small pre-B-II cell CL0000954
    CSI 2.43
    rCSI 2.34%
    PRS 65.68
  • naive T cell CL0000898
    CSI 2.42
    rCSI 1.68%
    PRS 54.25
  • secretory cell CL0000151
    CSI 2.3
    rCSI 2.4%
    PRS 42.44
  • regular ventricular cardiac myocyte CL0002131
    CSI 2.26
    rCSI 14.09%
    PRS 34.9
  • kidney interstitial alternatively activated macrophage CL1000695
    CSI 2.23
    rCSI 5.82%
    PRS 40.89
  • skin fibroblast CL0002620
    CSI 2.2
    rCSI 1.9%
    PRS 50.78
  • interstitial cell of Cajal CL0002088
    CSI 2.19
    rCSI 2.79%
    PRS 46.82
  • group 3 innate lymphoid cell CL0001071
    CSI 2.19
    rCSI 1.65%
    PRS 44.92
  • effector memory CD8-positive, alpha-beta T cell, terminally differentiated CL0001062
    CSI 2.17
    rCSI 10.89%
    PRS 52.4
  • alveolar type 1 fibroblast cell CL4028004
    CSI 2.16
    rCSI 2.36%
    PRS 45.59
  • differentiation-committed oligodendrocyte precursor CL4023059
    CSI 2.13
    rCSI 3.87%
    PRS 35.87
  • neural crest cell CL0011012
    CSI 2.12
    rCSI 1.67%
    PRS 30.42
  • CD4-positive, alpha-beta memory T cell CL0000897
    CSI 2.11
    rCSI 1.51%
    PRS 54.17
  • epithelial cell of lung CL0000082
    CSI 2.1
    rCSI 1.74%
    PRS 40.27
  • mature B cell CL0000785
    CSI 2.08
    rCSI 1.81%
    PRS 50.49
  • multi-ciliated epithelial cell CL0005012
    CSI 2.08
    rCSI 2.08%
    PRS 36.37
  • acinar cell CL0000622
    CSI 2.07
    rCSI 3.04%
    PRS 52.56
  • mature alpha-beta T cell CL0000791
    CSI 2.04
    rCSI 7.39%
    PRS 60.78
  • direct pathway medium spiny neuron CL4023026
    CSI 2.03
    rCSI 48.49%
    PRS 26.75
  • bronchus fibroblast of lung CL2000093
    CSI 2.02
    rCSI 1.64%
    PRS 42.69
  • T-helper 17 cell CL0000899
    CSI 2.01
    rCSI 1.6%
    PRS 63.51
  • CD4-positive, CD25-positive, alpha-beta regulatory T cell CL0000792
    CSI 1.98
    rCSI 1.95%
    PRS 56.89
  • VIP GABAergic cortical interneuron CL4023016
    CSI 1.98
    rCSI 2.36%
    PRS 27.28
  • indirect pathway medium spiny neuron CL4023029
    CSI 1.97
    rCSI 47.49%
    PRS 27.63
  • vascular leptomeningeal cell CL4023051
    CSI 1.96
    rCSI 3.44%
    PRS 34.77
  • Kupffer cell CL0000091
    CSI 1.92
    rCSI 4.4%
    PRS 41.13
  • dendritic cell, human CL0001056
    CSI 1.89
    rCSI 2.91%
    PRS 48.45
  • hematopoietic stem cell CL0000037
    CSI 1.86
    rCSI 1.24%
    PRS 45.73
  • class switched memory B cell CL0000972
    CSI 1.83
    rCSI 1.37%
    PRS 60.01
  • pro-B cell CL0000826
    CSI 1.83
    rCSI 1.51%
    PRS 42.69
  • perivascular cell CL4033054
    CSI 1.83
    rCSI 2.5%
    PRS 46.39
  • renal alpha-intercalated cell CL0005011
    CSI 1.82
    rCSI 2.43%
    PRS 50
  • ON-bipolar cell CL0000749
    CSI 1.76
    rCSI 2.62%
    PRS 44.67
  • effector CD4-positive, alpha-beta T cell CL0001044
    CSI 1.76
    rCSI 5.04%
    PRS 58.83
  • radial glial cell CL0000681
    CSI 1.76
    rCSI 2.44%
    PRS 41.36
  • cerebral cortex GABAergic interneuron CL0010011
    CSI 1.69
    rCSI 4.98%
    PRS 45.76
  • Mueller cell CL0000636
    CSI 1.68
    rCSI 3.83%
    PRS 35.89
  • hepatic stellate cell CL0000632
    CSI 1.67
    rCSI 6.27%
    PRS 35.54
  • CD8-positive, alpha-beta thymocyte CL0000811
    CSI 1.67
    rCSI 2.6%
    PRS 68.87
  • interneuron CL0000099
    CSI 1.67
    rCSI 3.35%
    PRS 32.42
  • ciliated epithelial cell CL0000067
    CSI 1.66
    rCSI 1.46%
    PRS 31.77
  • T follicular helper cell CL0002038
    CSI 1.66
    rCSI 1.24%
    PRS 56.24
  • early lymphoid progenitor CL0000936
    CSI 1.65
    rCSI 1.45%
    PRS 46.53
  • CD4-positive helper T cell CL0000492
    CSI 1.65
    rCSI 1.25%
    PRS 53.57
  • activated CD4-positive, alpha-beta T cell CL0000896
    CSI 1.63
    rCSI 1.51%
    PRS 62.07
  • CD14-positive, CD16-positive monocyte CL0002397
    CSI 1.63
    rCSI 2.13%
    PRS 54.57
  • cerebellar granule cell CL0001031
    CSI 1.6
    rCSI 2.36%
    PRS 38.26
  • fibroblast of lung CL0002553
    CSI 1.6
    rCSI 1.49%
    PRS 41.7
  • pancreatic ductal cell CL0002079
    CSI 1.59
    rCSI 3.09%
    PRS 43.64
  • precursor B cell CL0000817
    CSI 1.58
    rCSI 1.38%
    PRS 51.23
  • melanocyte CL0000148
    CSI 1.58
    rCSI 1.17%
    PRS 35.98
  • transit amplifying cell of colon CL0009011
    CSI 1.58
    rCSI 1.85%
    PRS 45.43
  • lung secretory cell CL1000272
    CSI 1.58
    rCSI 3.91%
    PRS 39.94
  • chondrocyte CL0000138
    CSI 1.55
    rCSI 2.46%
    PRS 35.54
  • hepatocyte CL0000182
    CSI 1.53
    rCSI 2.74%
    PRS 40.27
  • CD14-low, CD16-positive monocyte CL0002396
    CSI 1.52
    rCSI 1.17%
    PRS 40.36
  • OFF-bipolar cell CL0000750
    CSI 1.5
    rCSI 2.06%
    PRS 51.89
  • activated type II NK T cell CL0000931
    CSI 1.5
    rCSI 1.68%
    PRS 57.71
  • pulmonary ionocyte CL0017000
    CSI 1.48
    rCSI 1.8%
    PRS 49.18
  • enteric smooth muscle cell CL0002504
    CSI 1.46
    rCSI 2.08%
    PRS 44.42
  • granulocyte monocyte progenitor cell CL0000557
    CSI 1.43
    rCSI 1.24%
    PRS 45.39
  • inhibitory interneuron CL0000498
    CSI 1.42
    rCSI 3.28%
    PRS 34.38
  • common myeloid progenitor CL0000049
    CSI 1.42
    rCSI 1.15%
    PRS 42.26
  • myeloid leukocyte CL0000766
    CSI 1.39
    rCSI 1.29%
    PRS 42.72
  • effector memory CD4-positive, alpha-beta T cell CL0000905
    CSI 1.39
    rCSI 1.9%
    PRS 69.51
  • common dendritic progenitor CL0001029
    CSI 1.39
    rCSI 1.74%
    PRS 51.07
  • cytotoxic T cell CL0000910
    CSI 0.1
    rCSI 0.8%
    PRS 54.0%
  • ON midget ganglion cell CL4033046
    CSI 0.2
    rCSI 3.8%
    PRS 35.2%
  • medium spiny neuron CL1001474
    CSI 0.2
    rCSI 1.7%
    PRS 30.2%
  • pancreatic stellate cell CL0002410
    CSI 0.3
    rCSI 1.6%
    PRS 52.7%
  • corticothalamic-projecting glutamatergic cortical neuron CL4023013
    CSI 0.3
    rCSI 2.0%
    PRS 28.6%
  • near-projecting glutamatergic cortical neuron CL4023012
    CSI 0.4
    rCSI 1.7%
    PRS 28.2%
  • parietal cell CL0000162
    CSI 0.5
    rCSI 3.9%
    PRS 80.7%
  • central nervous system neuron CL2000029
    CSI 0.5
    rCSI 3.3%
    PRS 30.6%
  • microcirculation associated smooth muscle cell CL0008035
    CSI 0.5
    rCSI 1.3%
    PRS 44.3%
  • bronchiolar smooth muscle cell CL4033017
    CSI 0.5
    rCSI 7.0%
    PRS 67.5%
  • intestinal tuft cell CL0019032
    CSI 0.5
    rCSI 0.7%
    PRS 46.3%
  • forebrain radial glial cell CL0013000
    CSI 0.5
    rCSI 1.7%
    PRS 49.7%
  • stromal cell of ovary CL0002132
    CSI 0.6
    rCSI 1.6%
    PRS 57.2%
  • tracheobronchial smooth muscle cell CL0019019
    CSI 0.6
    rCSI 1.1%
    PRS 50.1%
  • GABAergic neuron CL0000617
    CSI 0.6
    rCSI 2.1%
    PRS 31.2%
  • corneal epithelial cell CL0000575
    CSI 0.7
    rCSI 1.9%
    PRS 59.0%
  • glycinergic amacrine cell CL4030028
    CSI 0.7
    rCSI 1.7%
    PRS 41.7%
  • amacrine cell CL0000561
    CSI 0.7
    rCSI 1.9%
    PRS 33.9%
  • late pro-B cell CL0002048
    CSI 0.7
    rCSI 1.7%
    PRS 72.4%
  • L6b glutamatergic cortical neuron CL4023038
    CSI 0.7
    rCSI 2.2%
    PRS 28.4%
  • L2/3-6 intratelencephalic projecting glutamatergic neuron CL4023040
    CSI 0.7
    rCSI 1.7%
    PRS 26.6%
  • tracheobronchial serous cell CL0019001
    CSI 0.7
    rCSI 3.1%
    PRS 58.4%
  • paneth cell of epithelium of small intestine CL1000343
    CSI 0.7
    rCSI 2.0%
    PRS 56.3%
  • GABAergic amacrine cell CL4030027
    CSI 0.7
    rCSI 2.5%
    PRS 34.4%
  • retinal bipolar neuron CL0000748
    CSI 0.7
    rCSI 1.4%
    PRS 32.4%
  • cardiac muscle cell CL0000746
    CSI 0.7
    rCSI 1.1%
    PRS 33.9%
  • kidney connecting tubule epithelial cell CL1000768
    CSI 0.8
    rCSI 1.9%
    PRS 33.1%
  • chandelier pvalb GABAergic cortical interneuron CL4023036
    CSI 0.8
    rCSI 2.4%
    PRS 30.6%
  • retinal cone cell CL0000573
    CSI 0.8
    rCSI 1.3%
    PRS 33.2%
  • podocyte CL0000653
    CSI 0.8
    rCSI 3.7%
    PRS 40.4%
  • retinal rod cell CL0000604
    CSI 0.9
    rCSI 1.6%
    PRS 40.5%
  • conjunctival epithelial cell CL1000432
    CSI 1.0
    rCSI 1.5%
    PRS 42.3%
  • placental villous trophoblast CL2000060
    CSI 1.0
    rCSI 1.5%
    PRS 39.8%
  • type B pancreatic cell CL0000169
    CSI 1.0
    rCSI 2.2%
    PRS 39.1%
  • Hofbauer cell CL3000001
    CSI 1.0
    rCSI 1.9%
    PRS 51.4%
  • lamp5 GABAergic cortical interneuron CL4023011
    CSI 1.0
    rCSI 1.7%
    PRS 27.4%
  • sncg GABAergic cortical interneuron CL4023015
    CSI 1.0
    rCSI 1.7%
    PRS 29.4%
  • lung ciliated cell CL1000271
    CSI 1.1
    rCSI 1.2%
    PRS 32.6%
  • retina horizontal cell CL0000745
    CSI 1.1
    rCSI 1.6%
    PRS 38.6%
  • peripheral nervous system neuron CL2000032
    CSI 1.1
    rCSI 1.5%
    PRS 35.7%
  • rod bipolar cell CL0000751
    CSI 1.1
    rCSI 1.9%
    PRS 35.6%
  • alveolar adventitial fibroblast CL4028006
    CSI 1.1
    rCSI 1.7%
    PRS 42.7%
  • cardiac neuron CL0010022
    CSI 1.1
    rCSI 3.5%
    PRS 39.0%
  • L5 extratelencephalic projecting glutamatergic cortical neuron CL4023041
    CSI 1.1
    rCSI 3.9%
    PRS 26.3%
  • vascular associated smooth muscle cell CL0000359
    CSI 1.1
    rCSI 3.6%
    PRS 45.0%
  • glioblast CL0000030
    CSI 1.2
    rCSI 1.8%
    PRS 36.2%
  • retinal ganglion cell CL0000740
    CSI 1.2
    rCSI 2.6%
    PRS 31.1%
  • lung macrophage CL1001603
    CSI 1.2
    rCSI 2.6%
    PRS 47.9%
  • cerebral cortex endothelial cell CL1001602
    CSI 1.2
    rCSI 2.1%
    PRS 33.2%
  • astrocyte of the cerebral cortex CL0002605
    CSI 1.2
    rCSI 2.8%
    PRS 28.0%
  • neuroblast (sensu Nematoda and Protostomia) CL0000338
    CSI 1.2
    rCSI 1.4%
    PRS 36.6%
  • caudal ganglionic eminence derived cortical interneuron CL4023064
    CSI 1.3
    rCSI 2.2%
    PRS 26.4%
  • double-positive, alpha-beta thymocyte CL0000809
    CSI 1.3
    rCSI 1.3%
    PRS 54.5%
  • retinal pigment epithelial cell CL0002586
    CSI 1.3
    rCSI 2.5%
    PRS 41.5%
  • Schwann cell CL0002573
    CSI 1.3
    rCSI 3.7%
    PRS 41.9%
  • intestinal epithelial cell CL0002563
    CSI 1.3
    rCSI 1.4%
    PRS 41.4%
  • keratinocyte CL0000312
    CSI 1.3
    rCSI 1.1%
    PRS 46.7%
  • plasmacytoid dendritic cell, human CL0001058
    CSI 1.3
    rCSI 0.9%
    PRS 43.4%
  • stem cell CL0000034
    CSI 1.3
    rCSI 1.3%
    PRS 33.0%
  • adipocyte CL0000136
    CSI 1.3
    rCSI 1.7%
    PRS 38.0%
  • choroid plexus epithelial cell CL0000706
    CSI 1.4
    rCSI 2.2%
    PRS 33.2%
  • megakaryocyte-erythroid progenitor cell CL0000050
    CSI 1.4
    rCSI 1.2%
    PRS 38.5%
  • neuroblast (sensu Vertebrata) CL0000031
    CSI 1.4
    rCSI 1.8%
    PRS 39.8%
  • common dendritic progenitor CL0001029
    CSI 1.4
    rCSI 1.7%
    PRS 51.1%
  • effector memory CD4-positive, alpha-beta T cell CL0000905
    CSI 1.4
    rCSI 1.9%
    PRS 69.5%
  • myeloid leukocyte CL0000766
    CSI 1.4
    rCSI 1.3%
    PRS 42.7%
  • common myeloid progenitor CL0000049
    CSI 1.4
    rCSI 1.2%
    PRS 42.3%
  • inhibitory interneuron CL0000498
    CSI 1.4
    rCSI 3.3%
    PRS 34.4%
  • granulocyte monocyte progenitor cell CL0000557
    CSI 1.4
    rCSI 1.2%
    PRS 45.4%
  • enteric smooth muscle cell CL0002504
    CSI 1.5
    rCSI 2.1%
    PRS 44.4%
  • pulmonary ionocyte CL0017000
    CSI 1.5
    rCSI 1.8%
    PRS 49.2%
  • activated type II NK T cell CL0000931
    CSI 1.5
    rCSI 1.7%
    PRS 57.7%
  • OFF-bipolar cell CL0000750
    CSI 1.5
    rCSI 2.1%
    PRS 51.9%
  • CD14-low, CD16-positive monocyte CL0002396
    CSI 1.5
    rCSI 1.2%
    PRS 40.4%
  • hepatocyte CL0000182
    CSI 1.5
    rCSI 2.7%
    PRS 40.3%
  • chondrocyte CL0000138
    CSI 1.6
    rCSI 2.5%
    PRS 35.5%
  • lung secretory cell CL1000272
    CSI 1.6
    rCSI 3.9%
    PRS 39.9%
  • transit amplifying cell of colon CL0009011
    CSI 1.6
    rCSI 1.9%
    PRS 45.4%
  • melanocyte CL0000148
    CSI 1.6
    rCSI 1.2%
    PRS 36.0%
  • precursor B cell CL0000817
    CSI 1.6
    rCSI 1.4%
    PRS 51.2%
  • pancreatic ductal cell CL0002079
    CSI 1.6
    rCSI 3.1%
    PRS 43.6%
  • fibroblast of lung CL0002553
    CSI 1.6
    rCSI 1.5%
    PRS 41.7%
  • cerebellar granule cell CL0001031
    CSI 1.6
    rCSI 2.4%
    PRS 38.3%
  • CD14-positive, CD16-positive monocyte CL0002397
    CSI 1.6
    rCSI 2.1%
    PRS 54.6%
  • activated CD4-positive, alpha-beta T cell CL0000896
    CSI 1.6
    rCSI 1.5%
    PRS 62.1%
  • CD4-positive helper T cell CL0000492
    CSI 1.7
    rCSI 1.3%
    PRS 53.6%
  • early lymphoid progenitor CL0000936
    CSI 1.7
    rCSI 1.5%
    PRS 46.5%
  • T follicular helper cell CL0002038
    CSI 1.7
    rCSI 1.2%
    PRS 56.2%
  • ciliated epithelial cell CL0000067
    CSI 1.7
    rCSI 1.5%
    PRS 31.8%
  • interneuron CL0000099
    CSI 1.7
    rCSI 3.4%
    PRS 32.4%
  • CD8-positive, alpha-beta thymocyte CL0000811
    CSI 1.7
    rCSI 2.6%
    PRS 68.9%
  • hepatic stellate cell CL0000632
    CSI 1.7
    rCSI 6.3%
    PRS 35.5%
  • Mueller cell CL0000636
    CSI 1.7
    rCSI 3.8%
    PRS 35.9%
  • cerebral cortex GABAergic interneuron CL0010011
    CSI 1.7
    rCSI 5.0%
    PRS 45.8%
  • radial glial cell CL0000681
    CSI 1.8
    rCSI 2.4%
    PRS 41.4%
  • effector CD4-positive, alpha-beta T cell CL0001044
    CSI 1.8
    rCSI 5.0%
    PRS 58.8%
  • ON-bipolar cell CL0000749
    CSI 1.8
    rCSI 2.6%
    PRS 44.7%
  • renal alpha-intercalated cell CL0005011
    CSI 1.8
    rCSI 2.4%
    PRS 50.0%
  • perivascular cell CL4033054
    CSI 1.8
    rCSI 2.5%
    PRS 46.4%
  • pro-B cell CL0000826
    CSI 1.8
    rCSI 1.5%
    PRS 42.7%

Cell ID: Standard Cell Ontology term used for mapping and comparing cells across experiments. Ensures consistency in analyzing cellular functions across tissues.
Fold Change: Represents the ratio of the current Cell Significance Index to the Cell Significance Index Threshold, indicating how much the gene expression has changed compared to a baseline.
Cell Significance Index: Reflects how strongly a gene is expressed in this specific cell.

Cell ID: Standard Cell Ontology term used for mapping and comparing cells across experiments. Ensures consistency in analyzing cellular functions across tissues.
Fold Change: Represents the ratio of the current Cell Significance Index to the Cell Significance Index Threshold, indicating how much the gene expression has changed compared to a baseline.
Cell Significance Index: Reflects how strongly a gene is expressed in this cell type. Calculated using techniques like effect size estimation and bootstrapping for reliability.

Cell ID: Standard Cell Ontology term used for mapping and comparing cells across experiments. Ensures consistency in analyzing cellular functions across tissues.
Fold Change: Represents the ratio of the current Cell Significance Index to the Cell Significance Index Threshold, indicating how much the gene expression has changed compared to a baseline.
Cell Significance Index: Reflects how strongly a gene is expressed in this cell type. Calculated using techniques like effect size estimation and bootstrapping for reliability.
Network Configuration

Explore relationships of the current gene. Select an Interaction Source: 'ONTOLOGY' for shared pathways (GO/Reactome) or 'STRING' for protein-protein interactions. Further refine by selecting context genes and comparing Cell Significance Index (CSI) scores between baseline and target cell types and their specific contexts.

Comma-separated if multiple.
Comma-separated if multiple.

Legend:
  • Query Gene
  • Node Color (Target Cell CSI, relative to current network):
    • Very High
    • High
    • Medium
    • Low
    • Very Low
    • CSI N/A
  • Node Size: Proportional to Target Cell CSI magnitude
  • STRING PPI Edge
  • Shared Pathway Edge (ONTOLOGY)

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Other Information

This section provides additional information about the gene, including a description generated by an AI language model and details about associated proteins.

## Summary [XPA](/details-gene/7507) (Xeroderma Pigmentosum, complementation group A) is a critical protein factor involved in the early stages of the nucleotide excision repair (NER) pathway. Its primary function is to recognize and bind to a wide range of DNA lesions, particularly those induced by ultraviolet (UV) radiation and chemical mutagens, thereby initiating the DNA repair cascade. It possesses a zinc-finger domain essential for its activity and localizes to the nucleus to perform its function [Link](https://doi.org/10.1038/348073a0), [Link](https://doi.org/10.1016/s0021-9258(19)49821-9). Germline mutations in the [XPA](/details-gene/7507) gene cause the severe autosomal recessive disorder Xeroderma Pigmentosum group A ([278700](https://omim.org/entry/278700)), characterized by extreme sun sensitivity, a high incidence of skin cancer, and neurological abnormalities. Expression data indicates that while [XPA](/details-gene/7507) serves a fundamental housekeeping role, it shows particular significance in cell types with high proliferative rates or those directly exposed to environmental insults, such as epithelial and hematopoietic cells. ## Cellular Roles and Expression Landscape The expression profile of [XPA](/details-gene/7507) highlights its fundamental role in maintaining genomic integrity across a diverse array of cell types. **Overall**, its significance is most pronounced in cells that face high levels of DNA damage or have a high turnover rate. It is a key marker in [epithelial cell of lower respiratory tract](/details-cell/CL0002632) (CSI: 7.42) and [respiratory basal cell](/details-cell/CL0002633) (CSI: 6.97), which are constantly exposed to environmental mutagens. This suggests a crucial protective function in barrier tissues. Furthermore, [XPA](/details-gene/7507) shows high significance in rapidly dividing immune and progenitor cells, including [plasmablast](/details-cell/CL0000980) (CSI: 7.41), [hematopoietic precursor cell](/details-cell/CL0008001) (CSI: 4.08), and [common lymphoid progenitor](/details-cell/CL0000051) (CSI: 3.89). This pattern is consistent with the heightened need for robust DNA repair mechanisms to prevent the accumulation of mutations during frequent cell division and clonal expansion. The gene's notable expression in a variety of other lineages, such as [retinal blood vessel endothelial cell](/details-cell/CL0002585) and even neuronal subtypes like [pvalb GABAergic cortical interneuron](/details-cell/CL4023018), underscores its widespread importance as a core component of the cellular DNA damage response machinery. ## Pathways and Molecular Function [XPA](/details-gene/7507) is a central player in the [Dna repair](/details-go/GO0006281) ([GO:0006281](https://www.ebi.ac.uk/QuickGO/term/GO:0006281)) machinery, with a specialized role in [Nucleotide-excision repair](/details-go/GO0006289) ([GO:0006289](https://www.ebi.ac.uk/QuickGO/term/GO:0006289)). This is elaborated in Reactome pathways, where it is shown to participate in both [Global genome nucleotide excision repair (gg-ner)](https://reactome.org/content/detail/R-HSA-5696399) ([R-HSA-5696399](https://reactome.org/content/detail/R-HSA-5696399)) and [Transcription-coupled nucleotide excision repair (tc-ner)](https://reactome.org/content/detail/R-HSA-6781827) ([R-HSA-6781827](https://reactome.org/content/detail/R-HSA-6781827)). At the molecular level, its primary function is [damaged dna binding](/details-go/GO0003684) ([GO:0003684](https://www.ebi.ac.uk/QuickGO/term/GO:0003684)), acting as a key damage sensor that verifies the presence of a lesion and helps assemble the downstream repair complex [Link](https://doi.org/10.1038/374566a0). It operates within the [nucleotide-excision repair factor 1 complex](/details-go/GO0000110) ([GO:0000110](https://www.ebi.ac.uk/QuickGO/term/GO:0000110)) and is essential for the [formation of incision complex in gg-ner](https://reactome.org/content/detail/R-HSA-5696395) ([R-HSA-5696395](https://reactome.org/content/detail/R-HSA-5696395)). This activity is confined to the [nucleus](/details-go/GO0005634) ([GO:0005634]), where it localizes to perform its surveillance and repair functions. The protein's activity can be modulated by post-translational modifications, such as phosphorylation by ATM/ATR, which promotes cell survival after UV irradiation [Link](https://doi.org/10.1158/0008-5472.can-05-3403), and its expression levels are also under circadian control, suggesting a mechanism for anticipating daily environmental insults like UV exposure [Link](https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.0915085107). ## Research Directions While the primary role of [XPA](/details-gene/7507) in preventing UV-induced skin cancer is well-established, its broader implications in other pathologies and cell types warrant further investigation. The gene's high significance in diverse tissues suggests its dysregulation could contribute to a range of diseases characterized by genomic instability. **Proposed Hypotheses:** 1. **Role in Carcinogen-Induced Lung Cancer:** Given its high significance in [respiratory basal cell](/details-cell/CL0002633)s and [epithelial cell of lower respiratory tract](/details-cell/CL0002632)s, downregulation or functional impairment of [XPA](/details-gene/7507) in these cells may be a key event in the initiation of lung cancer by increasing susceptibility to DNA damage from inhaled carcinogens like those in tobacco smoke. 2. **Contribution to Hematopoietic Aging:** The importance of [XPA](/details-gene/7507) in [hematopoietic precursor cell](/details-cell/CL0008001)s suggests it is critical for maintaining the integrity of the hematopoietic stem cell pool. It is plausible that an age-related decline in [XPA](/details-gene/7507) expression or activity contributes to the accumulation of somatic mutations, leading to clonal hematopoiesis and an increased risk of myeloid malignancies. 3. **Impact of Circadian Disruption on Tissue-Specific Cancer Risk:** Based on evidence of its circadian regulation [Link](https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.0915085107), disruption of the core clock machinery (e.g., through shift work or lifestyle factors) could lead to mis-timed expression of [XPA](/details-gene/7507), creating periods of heightened vulnerability to DNA damage in exposed tissues like the skin or lungs, thereby elevating cancer risk. **Experimental Approach:** To test the hypothesis regarding its role in carcinogen-induced lung cancer (Hypothesis 1), an *in vitro* model using primary human bronchial epithelial cells cultured at an air-liquid interface would be suitable. [XPA](/details-gene/7507) expression could be stably knocked down using a lentiviral shRNA system. These knockdown cells, alongside non-targeting controls, would be chronically exposed to low doses of a tobacco carcinogen, such as benzo[a]pyrene diol epoxide (BPDE). The impact could be assessed by measuring the frequency of DNA adducts (via mass spectrometry), quantifying somatic mutation rates (using duplex sequencing), and monitoring for signs of cellular transformation over time. **Therapeutic Potential:** The therapeutic potential of targeting [XPA](/details-gene/7507) is highly context-dependent. For monogenic diseases like Xeroderma Pigmentosum, the goal would be **activation** or restoration of function, likely through gene therapy approaches aimed at delivering a functional copy of the gene to affected cells. In contrast, in the context of oncology, many standard chemotherapies (e.g., cisplatin) function by inducing DNA damage. Cancer cells often develop resistance by upregulating DNA repair pathways. Therefore, transient pharmacological **inhibition** of [XPA](/details-gene/7507) represents a promising strategy to chemosensitize tumors, increasing the efficacy of DNA-damaging agents by preventing the repair of lethal lesions.

Genular Protein ID: 2791788058

Symbol: XPA_HUMAN

Name: DNA repair protein complementing XP-A cells

UniProtKB Accession Codes:

Database IDs:

Citations:

PubMed ID: 2234061

Title: Analysis of a human DNA excision repair gene involved in group A Xeroderma pigmentosum and containing a zinc-finger domain.

PubMed ID: 2234061

DOI: 10.1038/348073a0

PubMed ID: 15164053

Title: DNA sequence and analysis of human chromosome 9.

PubMed ID: 15164053

DOI: 10.1038/nature02465

PubMed ID: 15489334

Title: The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC).

PubMed ID: 15489334

DOI: 10.1101/gr.2596504

PubMed ID: 8294029

Title: Genomic characterization of the human DNA excision repair-controlling gene XPAC.

PubMed ID: 8294029

DOI: 10.1016/0378-1119(93)90493-m

PubMed ID: 7700386

Title: RPA involvement in the damage-recognition and incision steps of nucleotide excision repair.

PubMed ID: 7700386

DOI: 10.1038/374566a0

PubMed ID: 8543191

Title: Characterization of the human XPA promoter.

PubMed ID: 8543191

DOI: 10.1016/0378-1119(95)00649-4

PubMed ID: 1918083

Title: Identification and characterization of xpac protein, the gene product of the human XPAC (Xeroderma pigmentosum group A complementing) gene.

PubMed ID: 1918083

DOI: 10.1016/s0021-9258(18)55060-2

PubMed ID: 1601884

Title: Mutational analysis of the structure and function of the Xeroderma pigmentosum group A complementing protein. Identification of essential domains for nuclear localization and DNA excision repair.

PubMed ID: 1601884

DOI: 10.1016/s0021-9258(19)49821-9

PubMed ID: 8504220

Title: Molecular analysis of Xeroderma pigmentosum group A gene.

PubMed ID: 8504220

DOI: 10.1007/bf01891230

PubMed ID: 10447254

Title: A summary of mutations in the UV-sensitive disorders: xeroderma pigmentosum, Cockayne syndrome, and trichothiodystrophy.

PubMed ID: 10447254

DOI: 10.1002/(sici)1098-1004(1999)14:1<9::aid-humu2>3.0.co;2-6

PubMed ID: 16540648

Title: Phosphorylation of nucleotide excision repair factor xeroderma pigmentosum group A by ataxia telangiectasia mutated and Rad3-related-dependent checkpoint pathway promotes cell survival in response to UV irradiation.

PubMed ID: 16540648

DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-05-3403

PubMed ID: 19413330

Title: Lys-N and trypsin cover complementary parts of the phosphoproteome in a refined SCX-based approach.

PubMed ID: 19413330

DOI: 10.1021/ac9004309

PubMed ID: 19197159

Title: UV-dependent interaction between Cep164 and XPA mediates localization of Cep164 at sites of DNA damage and UV sensitivity.

PubMed ID: 19197159

DOI: 10.4161/cc.8.4.7844

PubMed ID: 20304803

Title: Circadian control of XPA and excision repair of cisplatin-DNA damage by cryptochrome and HERC2 ubiquitin ligase.

PubMed ID: 20304803

DOI: 10.1073/pnas.0915085107

PubMed ID: 22814378

Title: N-terminal acetylome analyses and functional insights of the N-terminal acetyltransferase NatB.

PubMed ID: 22814378

DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1210303109

PubMed ID: 23186163

Title: Toward a comprehensive characterization of a human cancer cell phosphoproteome.

PubMed ID: 23186163

DOI: 10.1021/pr300630k

PubMed ID: 25218447

Title: Uncovering global SUMOylation signaling networks in a site-specific manner.

PubMed ID: 25218447

DOI: 10.1038/nsmb.2890

PubMed ID: 28112733

Title: Site-specific mapping of the human SUMO proteome reveals co-modification with phosphorylation.

PubMed ID: 28112733

DOI: 10.1038/nsmb.3366

PubMed ID: 9699634

Title: Solution structure of the DNA- and RPA-binding domain of the human repair factor XPA.

PubMed ID: 9699634

DOI: 10.1038/1400

PubMed ID: 10563794

Title: Interactions of human nucleotide excision repair protein XPA with DNA and RPA70 Delta C327: chemical shift mapping and 15N NMR relaxation studies.

PubMed ID: 10563794

DOI: 10.1021/bi991755p

PubMed ID: 31253769

Title: Structural basis of TFIIH activation for nucleotide excision repair.

PubMed ID: 31253769

DOI: 10.1038/s41467-019-10745-5

PubMed ID: 1339397

Title: Molecular basis of group A Xeroderma pigmentosum: a missense mutation and two deletions located in a zinc finger consensus sequence of the XPAC gene.

PubMed ID: 1339397

DOI: 10.1007/bf02265282

PubMed ID: 1372103

Title: Identification of splicing mutations of the last nucleotides of exons, a nonsense mutation, and a missense mutation of the XPAC gene as causes of group A Xeroderma pigmentosum.

PubMed ID: 1372103

DOI: 10.1016/0921-8777(92)90081-d

PubMed ID: 9671271

Title: Distribution of mutations in the human Xeroderma pigmentosum group A gene and their relationships to the functional regions of the DNA damage recognition protein.

PubMed ID: 9671271

DOI: 10.1002/(sici)1098-1004(1998)12:2<103::aid-humu5>3.0.co;2-6

Sequence Information:

  • Length: 273
  • Mass: 31368
  • Checksum: F89F735219A8494B
  • Sequence:
  • MAAADGALPE AAALEQPAEL PASVRASIER KRQRALMLRQ ARLAARPYSA TAAAATGGMA 
    NVKAAPKIID TGGGFILEEE EEEEQKIGKV VHQPGPVMEF DYVICEECGK EFMDSYLMNH 
    FDLPTCDNCR DADDKHKLIT KTEAKQEYLL KDCDLEKREP PLKFIVKKNP HHSQWGDMKL 
    YLKLQIVKRS LEVWGSQEAL EEAKEVRQEN REKMKQKKFD KKVKELRRAV RSSVWKRETI 
    VHQHEYGPEE NLEDDMYRKT CTMCGHELTY EKM