Details for: B4GALT4

Gene ID: 8702

Symbol: B4GALT4

Ensembl ID: ENSG00000121578

Description: beta-1,4-galactosyltransferase 4

Associated with

Cells (max top 100)

(Cell Significance Index and respective Thresholds are uniquely calculated using our advanced thresholding algorithms to reveal cell-specific gene markers)

  • Cell Name: polychromatophilic erythroblast (CL0000550)
    Fold Change: 144.1381
    Cell Significance Index: -22.4200
  • Cell Name: hematopoietic oligopotent progenitor cell (CL0002032)
    Fold Change: 85.8292
    Cell Significance Index: -21.7700
  • Cell Name: ileal goblet cell (CL1000326)
    Fold Change: 37.0778
    Cell Significance Index: -24.8800
  • Cell Name: ciliated cell of the bronchus (CL0002332)
    Fold Change: 20.9062
    Cell Significance Index: -19.9600
  • Cell Name: orthochromatic erythroblast (CL0000552)
    Fold Change: 18.5084
    Cell Significance Index: -22.8200
  • Cell Name: CD8-alpha-beta-positive, alpha-beta intraepithelial T cell (CL0000796)
    Fold Change: 8.8060
    Cell Significance Index: -23.5900
  • Cell Name: stromal cell of bone marrow (CL0010001)
    Fold Change: 5.8083
    Cell Significance Index: -22.9200
  • Cell Name: conjunctival epithelial cell (CL1000432)
    Fold Change: 2.7925
    Cell Significance Index: 38.1000
  • Cell Name: epidermal Langerhans cell (CL0002457)
    Fold Change: 2.7324
    Cell Significance Index: -5.9800
  • Cell Name: bladder urothelial cell (CL1001428)
    Fold Change: 2.1786
    Cell Significance Index: 113.1700
  • Cell Name: umbrella cell of urothelium (CL4030056)
    Fold Change: 2.0812
    Cell Significance Index: 19.1700
  • Cell Name: intestinal crypt stem cell of colon (CL0009043)
    Fold Change: 1.3216
    Cell Significance Index: 143.7500
  • Cell Name: enterocyte of epithelium of large intestine (CL0002071)
    Fold Change: 1.2428
    Cell Significance Index: 56.3300
  • Cell Name: colon goblet cell (CL0009039)
    Fold Change: 0.9367
    Cell Significance Index: 92.6600
  • Cell Name: paneth cell of colon (CL0009009)
    Fold Change: 0.9210
    Cell Significance Index: 13.8000
  • Cell Name: intermediate cell of urothelium (CL4030055)
    Fold Change: 0.8874
    Cell Significance Index: 159.9700
  • Cell Name: microfold cell of epithelium of small intestine (CL1000353)
    Fold Change: 0.7477
    Cell Significance Index: 51.7100
  • Cell Name: extravillous trophoblast (CL0008036)
    Fold Change: 0.7339
    Cell Significance Index: 4.5600
  • Cell Name: peg cell (CL4033014)
    Fold Change: 0.7339
    Cell Significance Index: 16.9600
  • Cell Name: enterocyte of epithelium of small intestine (CL1000334)
    Fold Change: 0.7113
    Cell Significance Index: 20.5000
  • Cell Name: neoplastic cell (CL0001063)
    Fold Change: 0.7078
    Cell Significance Index: 140.4600
  • Cell Name: placental villous trophoblast (CL2000060)
    Fold Change: 0.6719
    Cell Significance Index: 17.9400
  • Cell Name: epithelial cell of small intestine (CL0002254)
    Fold Change: 0.6516
    Cell Significance Index: 105.9800
  • Cell Name: basal cell of prostate epithelium (CL0002341)
    Fold Change: 0.6157
    Cell Significance Index: 16.7600
  • Cell Name: early pro-B cell (CL0002046)
    Fold Change: 0.5229
    Cell Significance Index: 33.7400
  • Cell Name: L2/3-6 intratelencephalic projecting glutamatergic neuron (CL4023040)
    Fold Change: 0.5123
    Cell Significance Index: 102.7700
  • Cell Name: basal cell of urothelium (CL1000486)
    Fold Change: 0.4968
    Cell Significance Index: 61.0900
  • Cell Name: cell in vitro (CL0001034)
    Fold Change: 0.4712
    Cell Significance Index: 257.3300
  • Cell Name: dopaminergic neuron (CL0000700)
    Fold Change: 0.4168
    Cell Significance Index: 119.9400
  • Cell Name: stromal cell of ovary (CL0002132)
    Fold Change: 0.3489
    Cell Significance Index: 47.9200
  • Cell Name: enteroendocrine cell of colon (CL0009042)
    Fold Change: 0.3156
    Cell Significance Index: 60.0600
  • Cell Name: GABAergic interneuron (CL0011005)
    Fold Change: 0.2379
    Cell Significance Index: 164.5700
  • Cell Name: acinar cell of salivary gland (CL0002623)
    Fold Change: 0.2253
    Cell Significance Index: 10.5000
  • Cell Name: cardiac muscle myoblast (CL0000513)
    Fold Change: 0.2159
    Cell Significance Index: 16.5700
  • Cell Name: odontoblast (CL0000060)
    Fold Change: 0.2089
    Cell Significance Index: 26.7800
  • Cell Name: pancreatic ductal cell (CL0002079)
    Fold Change: 0.2060
    Cell Significance Index: 23.6000
  • Cell Name: fibroblast of dermis (CL0002551)
    Fold Change: 0.1873
    Cell Significance Index: 3.9200
  • Cell Name: intestinal epithelial cell (CL0002563)
    Fold Change: 0.1855
    Cell Significance Index: 1.9200
  • Cell Name: obsolete caudal ganglionic eminence derived GABAergic cortical interneuron (CL4023070)
    Fold Change: 0.1764
    Cell Significance Index: 63.2700
  • Cell Name: hair follicular keratinocyte (CL2000092)
    Fold Change: 0.1227
    Cell Significance Index: 54.2300
  • Cell Name: indirect pathway medium spiny neuron (CL4023029)
    Fold Change: 0.1011
    Cell Significance Index: 4.4700
  • Cell Name: direct pathway medium spiny neuron (CL4023026)
    Fold Change: 0.0956
    Cell Significance Index: 3.6200
  • Cell Name: enteroendocrine cell of small intestine (CL0009006)
    Fold Change: 0.0908
    Cell Significance Index: 2.2700
  • Cell Name: tuft cell of colon (CL0009041)
    Fold Change: 0.0882
    Cell Significance Index: 79.6200
  • Cell Name: basal epithelial cell of tracheobronchial tree (CL0002329)
    Fold Change: 0.0880
    Cell Significance Index: 2.4600
  • Cell Name: pancreatic acinar cell (CL0002064)
    Fold Change: 0.0565
    Cell Significance Index: 9.6500
  • Cell Name: intestinal crypt stem cell of small intestine (CL0009017)
    Fold Change: 0.0465
    Cell Significance Index: 0.9900
  • Cell Name: lactocyte (CL0002325)
    Fold Change: 0.0427
    Cell Significance Index: 5.5200
  • Cell Name: fibroblast of mammary gland (CL0002555)
    Fold Change: 0.0249
    Cell Significance Index: 0.7200
  • Cell Name: luminal adaptive secretory precursor cell of mammary gland (CL4033057)
    Fold Change: 0.0210
    Cell Significance Index: 0.9900
  • Cell Name: pigmented epithelial cell (CL0000529)
    Fold Change: 0.0062
    Cell Significance Index: 11.7200
  • Cell Name: pancreatic A cell (CL0000171)
    Fold Change: -0.0038
    Cell Significance Index: -2.7900
  • Cell Name: transit amplifying cell of colon (CL0009011)
    Fold Change: -0.0053
    Cell Significance Index: -0.1700
  • Cell Name: ciliary muscle cell (CL1000443)
    Fold Change: -0.0074
    Cell Significance Index: -3.3400
  • Cell Name: anterior lens cell (CL0002223)
    Fold Change: -0.0076
    Cell Significance Index: -13.9500
  • Cell Name: lens epithelial cell (CL0002224)
    Fold Change: -0.0085
    Cell Significance Index: -13.1600
  • Cell Name: tonsil germinal center B cell (CL2000006)
    Fold Change: -0.0108
    Cell Significance Index: -1.2700
  • Cell Name: secondary lens fiber (CL0002225)
    Fold Change: -0.0129
    Cell Significance Index: -17.5400
  • Cell Name: non-pigmented ciliary epithelial cell (CL0002304)
    Fold Change: -0.0133
    Cell Significance Index: -8.4600
  • Cell Name: pancreatic PP cell (CL0002275)
    Fold Change: -0.0162
    Cell Significance Index: -10.1100
  • Cell Name: kidney loop of Henle cortical thick ascending limb epithelial cell (CL1001109)
    Fold Change: -0.0200
    Cell Significance Index: -14.6700
  • Cell Name: pulmonary alveolar epithelial cell (CL0000322)
    Fold Change: -0.0215
    Cell Significance Index: -16.2800
  • Cell Name: type B pancreatic cell (CL0000169)
    Fold Change: -0.0231
    Cell Significance Index: -13.0200
  • Cell Name: pancreatic endocrine cell (CL0008024)
    Fold Change: -0.0244
    Cell Significance Index: -2.7900
  • Cell Name: sebum secreting cell (CL0000317)
    Fold Change: -0.0245
    Cell Significance Index: -1.7300
  • Cell Name: abnormal cell (CL0001061)
    Fold Change: -0.0413
    Cell Significance Index: -4.2200
  • Cell Name: pancreatic D cell (CL0000173)
    Fold Change: -0.0508
    Cell Significance Index: -10.7000
  • Cell Name: progenitor cell of mammary luminal epithelium (CL0009116)
    Fold Change: -0.0553
    Cell Significance Index: -4.1200
  • Cell Name: pigmented ciliary epithelial cell (CL0002303)
    Fold Change: -0.1009
    Cell Significance Index: -14.6700
  • Cell Name: forebrain neuroblast (CL1000042)
    Fold Change: -0.1046
    Cell Significance Index: -6.4300
  • Cell Name: glycinergic neuron (CL1001509)
    Fold Change: -0.1078
    Cell Significance Index: -5.6600
  • Cell Name: epithelial cell of stomach (CL0002178)
    Fold Change: -0.1099
    Cell Significance Index: -12.8100
  • Cell Name: mesenchymal cell (CL0008019)
    Fold Change: -0.1171
    Cell Significance Index: -1.9600
  • Cell Name: paneth cell of epithelium of small intestine (CL1000343)
    Fold Change: -0.1579
    Cell Significance Index: -3.4200
  • Cell Name: eye photoreceptor cell (CL0000287)
    Fold Change: -0.1604
    Cell Significance Index: -10.1100
  • Cell Name: retinal progenitor cell (CL0002672)
    Fold Change: -0.1828
    Cell Significance Index: -10.2600
  • Cell Name: smooth muscle cell of sphincter of pupil (CL0002243)
    Fold Change: -0.2007
    Cell Significance Index: -20.9000
  • Cell Name: granulosa cell (CL0000501)
    Fold Change: -0.2164
    Cell Significance Index: -5.6900
  • Cell Name: fibro/adipogenic progenitor cell (CL0009099)
    Fold Change: -0.2281
    Cell Significance Index: -11.5300
  • Cell Name: hippocampal granule cell (CL0001033)
    Fold Change: -0.2469
    Cell Significance Index: -16.6000
  • Cell Name: cortical cell of adrenal gland (CL0002097)
    Fold Change: -0.2583
    Cell Significance Index: -6.9200
  • Cell Name: kidney loop of Henle descending limb epithelial cell (CL1001021)
    Fold Change: -0.2737
    Cell Significance Index: -21.6800
  • Cell Name: mesonephric nephron tubule epithelial cell (CL1000022)
    Fold Change: -0.2751
    Cell Significance Index: -9.5600
  • Cell Name: lung endothelial cell (CL1001567)
    Fold Change: -0.3120
    Cell Significance Index: -16.2500
  • Cell Name: intestinal tuft cell (CL0019032)
    Fold Change: -0.3223
    Cell Significance Index: -19.7600
  • Cell Name: corneal epithelial cell (CL0000575)
    Fold Change: -0.3238
    Cell Significance Index: -4.6100
  • Cell Name: small intestine goblet cell (CL1000495)
    Fold Change: -0.3463
    Cell Significance Index: -12.1700
  • Cell Name: kidney epithelial cell (CL0002518)
    Fold Change: -0.3560
    Cell Significance Index: -10.4900
  • Cell Name: microcirculation associated smooth muscle cell (CL0008035)
    Fold Change: -0.3560
    Cell Significance Index: -2.9900
  • Cell Name: medium spiny neuron (CL1001474)
    Fold Change: -0.3779
    Cell Significance Index: -5.1000
  • Cell Name: preadipocyte (CL0002334)
    Fold Change: -0.4212
    Cell Significance Index: -8.2200
  • Cell Name: stratified epithelial cell (CL0000079)
    Fold Change: -0.4408
    Cell Significance Index: -16.1800
  • Cell Name: cardiac muscle cell (CL0000746)
    Fold Change: -0.4555
    Cell Significance Index: -6.7300
  • Cell Name: L5 extratelencephalic projecting glutamatergic cortical neuron (CL4023041)
    Fold Change: -0.4633
    Cell Significance Index: -16.2300
  • Cell Name: neuron associated cell (CL0000095)
    Fold Change: -0.4723
    Cell Significance Index: -19.3500
  • Cell Name: skeletal muscle fiber (CL0008002)
    Fold Change: -0.4777
    Cell Significance Index: -12.2800
  • Cell Name: neutrophil progenitor cell (CL0000834)
    Fold Change: -0.4834
    Cell Significance Index: -12.9300
  • Cell Name: corticothalamic-projecting glutamatergic cortical neuron (CL4023013)
    Fold Change: -0.4848
    Cell Significance Index: -15.4400
  • Cell Name: CD4-positive, alpha-beta memory T cell, CD45RO-positive (CL0001204)
    Fold Change: -0.4883
    Cell Significance Index: -14.3400
  • Cell Name: L6b glutamatergic cortical neuron (CL4023038)
    Fold Change: -0.4887
    Cell Significance Index: -16.0000

Cell ID: Standard Cell Ontology term used for mapping and comparing cells across experiments. Ensures consistency in analyzing cellular functions across tissues.
Fold Change: Represents the ratio of the current Cell Significance Index to the Cell Significance Index Threshold, indicating how much the gene expression has changed compared to a baseline.
Cell Significance Index: Reflects how strongly a gene is expressed in this specific cell.

Cell ID: Standard Cell Ontology term used for mapping and comparing cells across experiments. Ensures consistency in analyzing cellular functions across tissues.
Fold Change: Represents the ratio of the current Cell Significance Index to the Cell Significance Index Threshold, indicating how much the gene expression has changed compared to a baseline.
Cell Significance Index: Reflects how strongly a gene is expressed in this cell type. Calculated using techniques like effect size estimation and bootstrapping for reliability.

Cell ID: Standard Cell Ontology term used for mapping and comparing cells across experiments. Ensures consistency in analyzing cellular functions across tissues.
Fold Change: Represents the ratio of the current Cell Significance Index to the Cell Significance Index Threshold, indicating how much the gene expression has changed compared to a baseline.
Cell Significance Index: Reflects how strongly a gene is expressed in this cell type. Calculated using techniques like effect size estimation and bootstrapping for reliability.

Other Information

**Key Characteristics:** B4GALT4 is a type II transmembrane glycoprotein, with a large extracellular domain and a shorter intracellular domain. The enzyme exhibits galactosyltransferase activity, specifically transferring galactose units to N-acetylglucosamine (GlcNAc) residues on glycan chains. B4GALT4 is highly expressed in various epithelial tissues, including bladder urothelial cells, pulmonary interstitial fibroblasts, and glandular epithelial cells. The enzyme's expression is also observed in non-epithelial cells, such as pancreatic ductal cells and conjunctival epithelial cells. **Pathways and Functions:** B4GALT4 is involved in several glycosylation pathways, including asparagine N-linked glycosylation, carbohydrate metabolic process, and glycosylation. The enzyme plays a crucial role in the formation of complex carbohydrates, such as keratan sulfate and lactosylceramide, which are essential for cellular recognition and signaling. B4GALT4 also participates in the glycosylation of proteins, including those involved in cell adhesion, migration, and differentiation. The enzyme's activities are regulated by various post-translational modifications, including glycosylation, phosphorylation, and ubiquitination. B4GALT4's activity is also influenced by the presence of specific cofactors, such as UDP-galactose and UDP-N-acetylglucosamine. **Clinical Significance:** Dysregulation of B4GALT4 has been implicated in various diseases, including cancer, autoimmune disorders, and inflammatory conditions. For instance, aberrant expression of B4GALT4 has been observed in bladder cancer, where it contributes to tumor progression and metastasis. Similarly, alterations in B4GALT4 expression have been linked to autoimmune diseases, such as rheumatoid arthritis and lupus, where it plays a role in the regulation of immune responses. Furthermore, B4GALT4's involvement in glycosylation pathways makes it a potential target for therapeutic interventions aimed at modulating carbohydrate-mediated signaling. Research into the enzyme's role in disease pathogenesis and its potential as a therapeutic target is ongoing, with implications for the development of novel treatments for various diseases. In conclusion, B4GALT4 is a critical enzyme involved in glycosylation and cellular function. Its dysregulation has been implicated in various diseases, highlighting the need for further research into its role in disease pathogenesis and its potential as a therapeutic target.

Genular Protein ID: 1288375215

Symbol: B4GT4_HUMAN

Name: Beta-N-acetylglucosaminyl-glycolipid beta-1,4-galactosyltransferase

UniProtKB Accession Codes:

O60513 Q68D68 Q9BSW3 Q9C078

Database IDs:

AGR 1 AlphaFoldDB 1 Antibodypedia 1 BRENDA 1 Bgee 1 BioCyc 1 BioGRID 1 BioGRID-ORCS 1 BioMuta 1 CAZy 1 CCDS 1 CDD 1 CTD 1 ChEBI 31 ChiTaRS 1 DNASU 1 DisGeNET 1 DrugBank 1 EC 2 EMBL 8 Ensembl 3 ExpressionAtlas 1 GO 14 GeneCards 1 GeneTree 1 GeneWiki 1 GenomeRNAi 1 GlyCosmos 1 GlyGen 1 HGNC 1 HPA 1 InParanoid 1 IntAct 1 InterPro 4 KEGG 1 MANE-Select 1 MIM 1 MassIVE 1 NCBI Taxonomy 1 OMA 1 OpenTargets 1 OrthoDB 1 PANTHER 2 PRINTS 1 PRO 1 PathwayCommons 1 PaxDb 1 PeptideAtlas 1 Pfam 2 PharmGKB 1 Pharos 1 PhosphoSitePlus 1 PhylomeDB 1 Proteomes 1 ProteomicsDB 1 Pumba 1 RNAct 1 Reactome 2 RefSeq 8 Rhea 12 SMR 1 STRING 1 SUPFAM 1 SignaLink 1 SwissLipids 1 TreeFam 1 UCSC 1 UniPathway 1 VEuPathDB 1 eggNOG 1 iPTMnet 1 jPOST 1 neXtProt 1

Citations:

PubMed ID: 9597550

Title: The expanding beta 4-galactosyltransferase gene family: messages from the databanks.

PubMed ID: 9597550

DOI: 10.1093/glycob/8.5.517

PubMed ID: 9792633

Title: Cloning of a novel member of the UDP-galactose:beta-N-acetylglucosamine beta1,4-galactosyltransferase family, beta4Gal-T4, involved in glycosphingolipid biosynthesis.

PubMed ID: 9792633

DOI: 10.1074/jbc.273.45.29331

PubMed ID: 11588157

Title: Galactosylation of N-linked oligosaccharides by human beta-1,4-galactosyltransferases I, II, III, IV, V, and VI expressed in Sf-9 cells.

PubMed ID: 11588157

DOI: 10.1093/glycob/11.10.813

PubMed ID: 12975309

Title: The secreted protein discovery initiative (SPDI), a large-scale effort to identify novel human secreted and transmembrane proteins: a bioinformatics assessment.

PubMed ID: 12975309

DOI: 10.1101/gr.1293003

PubMed ID: 17974005

Title: The full-ORF clone resource of the German cDNA consortium.

PubMed ID: 17974005

DOI: 10.1186/1471-2164-8-399

PubMed ID: 15489334

Title: The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC).

PubMed ID: 15489334

DOI: 10.1101/gr.2596504

PubMed ID: 10580128

Title: Identification and characterization of large galactosyltransferase gene families: galactosyltransferases for all functions.

PubMed ID: 10580128

DOI: 10.1016/s0304-4165(99)00168-3

PubMed ID: 12511560

Title: Beta 1,4-galactosyltransferase (beta 4GalT)-IV is specific for GlcNAc 6-O-sulfate. Beta 4GalT-IV acts on keratan sulfate-related glycans and a precursor glycan of 6-sulfosialyl-Lewis X.

PubMed ID: 12511560

DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m211480200

PubMed ID: 17690104

Title: Enzymes responsible for synthesis of corneal keratan sulfate glycosaminoglycans.

PubMed ID: 17690104

DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m703695200

PubMed ID: 32827291

Title: N-glycosylation of the human beta1,4-galactosyltransferase 4 is crucial for its activity and Golgi localization.

PubMed ID: 32827291

DOI: 10.1007/s10719-020-09941-z

Sequence Information:

  • Length: 344
  • Mass: 40041
  • Checksum: 6B7742676FE8A58B
  • Sequence:
    • MGFNLTFHLS YKFRLLLLLT LCLTVVGWAT SNYFVGAIQE IPKAKEFMAN FHKTLILGKG 
KTLTNEASTK KVELDNCPSV SPYLRGQSKL IFKPDLTLEE VQAENPKVSR GRYRPQECKA 
LQRVAILVPH RNREKHLMYL LEHLHPFLQR QQLDYGIYVI HQAEGKKFNR AKLLNVGYLE 
ALKEENWDCF IFHDVDLVPE NDFNLYKCEE HPKHLVVGRN STGYRLRYSG YFGGVTALSR 
EQFFKVNGFS NNYWGWGGED DDLRLRVELQ RMKISRPLPE VGKYTMVFHT RDKGNEVNAE 
RMKLLHQVSR VWRTDGLSSC SYKLVSVEHN PLYINITVDF WFGA

Genular Protein ID: 2295595570

Symbol: B3KM35_HUMAN

Name: N/A

UniProtKB Accession Codes:

B3KM35

Database IDs:

ARBA 12 AlphaFoldDB 1 BioGRID-ORCS 1 CDD 1 CTD 1 ChEBI 1 DNASU 1 DisGeNET 1 EMBL 2 GO 6 InterPro 4 KEGG 1 NCBI Taxonomy 1 OrthoDB 1 PANTHER 2 PRINTS 1 PeptideAtlas 1 Pfam 4 PharmGKB 1 RefSeq 2 RuleBase 1 SAM 1 SUPFAM 1 UniPathway 1

Citations:

PubMed ID: 14702039

Title: Complete sequencing and characterization of 21,243 full-length human cDNAs.

PubMed ID: 14702039

DOI: 10.1038/ng1285

Sequence Information:

  • Length: 344
  • Mass: 40013
  • Checksum: BC20EF06A4E5369E
  • Sequence:
    • MGFNLTFHLS YKFRLLLLLT LCLTVAGWAT SNYFVGAIQE IPKAKEFMAN FHKTLILGKG 
KTLTNEASTK KVELDNCPSV SPYLRGQSKL IFKPDLTLEE VQAENPKVSR GRYRPQECKA 
LQRVAILVPH RNREKHLMYL LEHLHPFLQR QQLDYGIYVI HQAEGKKFNR AKLLNVGYLE 
ALKEENWDCF IFHDVDLVPE NDFNLYKCEE HPKHLVVGRN STGYRLRYSG YFGGVTALSR 
EQFFKVNGFS NNYWGWGGED DDLRLRVELQ RMKISRPLPE VGKYTMVFHT RDKGNEVNAE 
RMKLLHQVSR VWRTDGLSSC SYKLVSVEHN PLYINITVDF WFGA

Database document:

This is a preview of the gene's schema. Only a few entries are kept for 'singleCellExpressions,' 'mRNAExpressions,' and other large data arrays for visualization purposes. You can zoom in with the mouse wheel for a closer view, and the text will adjust automatically if necessary. For the full schema, download it here.