Details for: DIO3

Gene ID: 1735

Symbol: DIO3

Ensembl ID: ENSG00000197406

Description: iodothyronine deiodinase 3

Associated with

Cells (max top 100)

(Cell Significance Index and respective Thresholds are uniquely calculated using our advanced thresholding algorithms to reveal cell-specific gene markers)

  • Cell Name: granule cell (CL0000120)
    Fold Change: 1.4910
    Cell Significance Index: 16.9800
  • Cell Name: enterocyte of epithelium of large intestine (CL0002071)
    Fold Change: 1.4495
    Cell Significance Index: 65.7000
  • Cell Name: decidual cell (CL2000002)
    Fold Change: 1.1064
    Cell Significance Index: 17.7500
  • Cell Name: conjunctival epithelial cell (CL1000432)
    Fold Change: 1.0950
    Cell Significance Index: 14.9400
  • Cell Name: glomerular capillary endothelial cell (CL1001005)
    Fold Change: 0.4213
    Cell Significance Index: 1.5700
  • Cell Name: odontoblast (CL0000060)
    Fold Change: 0.2645
    Cell Significance Index: 33.9100
  • Cell Name: skeletal muscle fibroblast (CL0011027)
    Fold Change: 0.2069
    Cell Significance Index: 1.4000
  • Cell Name: retinal progenitor cell (CL0002672)
    Fold Change: 0.1664
    Cell Significance Index: 9.3400
  • Cell Name: embryonic fibroblast (CL2000042)
    Fold Change: 0.1547
    Cell Significance Index: 0.7400
  • Cell Name: intestinal crypt stem cell of large intestine (CL0009016)
    Fold Change: 0.1430
    Cell Significance Index: 1.2500
  • Cell Name: large intestine goblet cell (CL1000320)
    Fold Change: 0.0987
    Cell Significance Index: 1.0700
  • Cell Name: stromal cell of ovary (CL0002132)
    Fold Change: 0.0919
    Cell Significance Index: 12.6200
  • Cell Name: skeletal muscle satellite stem cell (CL0008011)
    Fold Change: 0.0872
    Cell Significance Index: 0.9100
  • Cell Name: cerebellar granule cell (CL0001031)
    Fold Change: 0.0566
    Cell Significance Index: 0.9700
  • Cell Name: lymphoid lineage restricted progenitor cell (CL0000838)
    Fold Change: 0.0371
    Cell Significance Index: 0.4700
  • Cell Name: intestinal epithelial cell (CL0002563)
    Fold Change: 0.0319
    Cell Significance Index: 0.3300
  • Cell Name: endothelial cell of placenta (CL0009092)
    Fold Change: 0.0265
    Cell Significance Index: 0.1600
  • Cell Name: fibroblast of dermis (CL0002551)
    Fold Change: 0.0239
    Cell Significance Index: 0.5000
  • Cell Name: epithelial cell of stomach (CL0002178)
    Fold Change: 0.0180
    Cell Significance Index: 2.1000
  • Cell Name: pigmented ciliary epithelial cell (CL0002303)
    Fold Change: 0.0115
    Cell Significance Index: 1.6700
  • Cell Name: neoplastic cell (CL0001063)
    Fold Change: 0.0112
    Cell Significance Index: 2.2200
  • Cell Name: vasa recta ascending limb cell (CL1001131)
    Fold Change: 0.0054
    Cell Significance Index: 0.0400
  • Cell Name: non-pigmented ciliary epithelial cell (CL0002304)
    Fold Change: 0.0026
    Cell Significance Index: 1.6700
  • Cell Name: pigmented epithelial cell (CL0000529)
    Fold Change: -0.0007
    Cell Significance Index: -1.2400
  • Cell Name: hair follicular keratinocyte (CL2000092)
    Fold Change: -0.0023
    Cell Significance Index: -1.0300
  • Cell Name: pancreatic ductal cell (CL0002079)
    Fold Change: -0.0027
    Cell Significance Index: -0.3100
  • Cell Name: type B pancreatic cell (CL0000169)
    Fold Change: -0.0037
    Cell Significance Index: -2.1100
  • Cell Name: pancreatic A cell (CL0000171)
    Fold Change: -0.0038
    Cell Significance Index: -2.8400
  • Cell Name: pulmonary alveolar epithelial cell (CL0000322)
    Fold Change: -0.0052
    Cell Significance Index: -3.9200
  • Cell Name: cell in vitro (CL0001034)
    Fold Change: -0.0066
    Cell Significance Index: -3.6000
  • Cell Name: ciliary muscle cell (CL1000443)
    Fold Change: -0.0087
    Cell Significance Index: -3.9700
  • Cell Name: mesenchymal cell (CL0008019)
    Fold Change: -0.0128
    Cell Significance Index: -0.2200
  • Cell Name: placental villous trophoblast (CL2000060)
    Fold Change: -0.0146
    Cell Significance Index: -0.3900
  • Cell Name: intermediate cell of urothelium (CL4030055)
    Fold Change: -0.0149
    Cell Significance Index: -2.6800
  • Cell Name: L2/3-6 intratelencephalic projecting glutamatergic neuron (CL4023040)
    Fold Change: -0.0153
    Cell Significance Index: -3.0800
  • Cell Name: pancreatic acinar cell (CL0002064)
    Fold Change: -0.0169
    Cell Significance Index: -2.8800
  • Cell Name: pancreatic D cell (CL0000173)
    Fold Change: -0.0172
    Cell Significance Index: -3.6200
  • Cell Name: eye photoreceptor cell (CL0000287)
    Fold Change: -0.0184
    Cell Significance Index: -1.1600
  • Cell Name: basal cell of urothelium (CL1000486)
    Fold Change: -0.0259
    Cell Significance Index: -3.1900
  • Cell Name: obsolete epithelial cell of alveolus of lung (CL0010003)
    Fold Change: -0.0261
    Cell Significance Index: -0.6500
  • Cell Name: lactocyte (CL0002325)
    Fold Change: -0.0352
    Cell Significance Index: -4.5500
  • Cell Name: smooth muscle cell of sphincter of pupil (CL0002243)
    Fold Change: -0.0367
    Cell Significance Index: -3.8200
  • Cell Name: abnormal cell (CL0001061)
    Fold Change: -0.0368
    Cell Significance Index: -3.7600
  • Cell Name: basal epithelial cell of tracheobronchial tree (CL0002329)
    Fold Change: -0.0423
    Cell Significance Index: -1.1800
  • Cell Name: skeletal muscle fiber (CL0008002)
    Fold Change: -0.0469
    Cell Significance Index: -1.2100
  • Cell Name: luminal adaptive secretory precursor cell of mammary gland (CL4033057)
    Fold Change: -0.0477
    Cell Significance Index: -2.2400
  • Cell Name: kidney loop of Henle descending limb epithelial cell (CL1001021)
    Fold Change: -0.0480
    Cell Significance Index: -3.8000
  • Cell Name: eukaryotic cell (CL0000255)
    Fold Change: -0.0484
    Cell Significance Index: -2.1000
  • Cell Name: fibro/adipogenic progenitor cell (CL0009099)
    Fold Change: -0.0494
    Cell Significance Index: -2.5000
  • Cell Name: cytotoxic T cell (CL0000910)
    Fold Change: -0.0542
    Cell Significance Index: -0.7900
  • Cell Name: hippocampal granule cell (CL0001033)
    Fold Change: -0.0570
    Cell Significance Index: -3.8300
  • Cell Name: keratocyte (CL0002363)
    Fold Change: -0.0574
    Cell Significance Index: -0.9100
  • Cell Name: early pro-B cell (CL0002046)
    Fold Change: -0.0581
    Cell Significance Index: -3.7500
  • Cell Name: skeletal muscle myoblast (CL0000515)
    Fold Change: -0.0607
    Cell Significance Index: -0.6600
  • Cell Name: mesonephric nephron tubule epithelial cell (CL1000022)
    Fold Change: -0.0624
    Cell Significance Index: -2.1700
  • Cell Name: progenitor cell of mammary luminal epithelium (CL0009116)
    Fold Change: -0.0635
    Cell Significance Index: -4.7300
  • Cell Name: acinar cell of salivary gland (CL0002623)
    Fold Change: -0.0646
    Cell Significance Index: -3.0100
  • Cell Name: small intestine goblet cell (CL1000495)
    Fold Change: -0.0652
    Cell Significance Index: -2.2900
  • Cell Name: epithelial cell of pancreas (CL0000083)
    Fold Change: -0.0674
    Cell Significance Index: -1.1100
  • Cell Name: retinal blood vessel endothelial cell (CL0002585)
    Fold Change: -0.0697
    Cell Significance Index: -0.9000
  • Cell Name: bladder urothelial cell (CL1001428)
    Fold Change: -0.0697
    Cell Significance Index: -3.6200
  • Cell Name: transit amplifying cell of colon (CL0009011)
    Fold Change: -0.0699
    Cell Significance Index: -2.2400
  • Cell Name: stellate neuron (CL0000122)
    Fold Change: -0.0704
    Cell Significance Index: -0.8000
  • Cell Name: ependymal cell (CL0000065)
    Fold Change: -0.0754
    Cell Significance Index: -0.8900
  • Cell Name: fibroblast of mammary gland (CL0002555)
    Fold Change: -0.0760
    Cell Significance Index: -2.1800
  • Cell Name: hepatoblast (CL0005026)
    Fold Change: -0.0779
    Cell Significance Index: -1.3100
  • Cell Name: neutrophil progenitor cell (CL0000834)
    Fold Change: -0.0779
    Cell Significance Index: -2.0900
  • Cell Name: CD14-low, CD16-positive monocyte (CL0002396)
    Fold Change: -0.0793
    Cell Significance Index: -1.9200
  • Cell Name: interstitial cell of ovary (CL0002094)
    Fold Change: -0.0796
    Cell Significance Index: -1.0200
  • Cell Name: epithelial cell of nephron (CL1000449)
    Fold Change: -0.0824
    Cell Significance Index: -0.7000
  • Cell Name: glycinergic neuron (CL1001509)
    Fold Change: -0.0825
    Cell Significance Index: -4.3300
  • Cell Name: connective tissue cell (CL0002320)
    Fold Change: -0.0913
    Cell Significance Index: -0.8800
  • Cell Name: endothelial cell of venule (CL1000414)
    Fold Change: -0.0979
    Cell Significance Index: -1.1100
  • Cell Name: basal cell of prostate epithelium (CL0002341)
    Fold Change: -0.0988
    Cell Significance Index: -2.6900
  • Cell Name: indirect pathway medium spiny neuron (CL4023029)
    Fold Change: -0.1065
    Cell Significance Index: -4.7100
  • Cell Name: L6b glutamatergic cortical neuron (CL4023038)
    Fold Change: -0.1072
    Cell Significance Index: -3.5100
  • Cell Name: Purkinje cell (CL0000121)
    Fold Change: -0.1092
    Cell Significance Index: -2.3900
  • Cell Name: erythroid progenitor cell (CL0000038)
    Fold Change: -0.1093
    Cell Significance Index: -1.4300
  • Cell Name: kidney epithelial cell (CL0002518)
    Fold Change: -0.1100
    Cell Significance Index: -3.2400
  • Cell Name: photoreceptor cell (CL0000210)
    Fold Change: -0.1132
    Cell Significance Index: -1.5900
  • Cell Name: corticothalamic-projecting glutamatergic cortical neuron (CL4023013)
    Fold Change: -0.1132
    Cell Significance Index: -3.6100
  • Cell Name: cortical cell of adrenal gland (CL0002097)
    Fold Change: -0.1142
    Cell Significance Index: -3.0600
  • Cell Name: paneth cell of colon (CL0009009)
    Fold Change: -0.1175
    Cell Significance Index: -1.7600
  • Cell Name: hematopoietic stem cell (CL0000037)
    Fold Change: -0.1205
    Cell Significance Index: -2.0600
  • Cell Name: hematopoietic multipotent progenitor cell (CL0000837)
    Fold Change: -0.1234
    Cell Significance Index: -1.4900
  • Cell Name: direct pathway medium spiny neuron (CL4023026)
    Fold Change: -0.1246
    Cell Significance Index: -4.7200
  • Cell Name: granulosa cell (CL0000501)
    Fold Change: -0.1278
    Cell Significance Index: -3.3600
  • Cell Name: plasmablast (CL0000980)
    Fold Change: -0.1300
    Cell Significance Index: -1.2100
  • Cell Name: cerebral cortex endothelial cell (CL1001602)
    Fold Change: -0.1332
    Cell Significance Index: -2.7100
  • Cell Name: hippocampal pyramidal neuron (CL1001571)
    Fold Change: -0.1335
    Cell Significance Index: -3.8100
  • Cell Name: neuron associated cell (sensu Vertebrata) (CL0000123)
    Fold Change: -0.1351
    Cell Significance Index: -1.5000
  • Cell Name: stratified epithelial cell (CL0000079)
    Fold Change: -0.1359
    Cell Significance Index: -4.9900
  • Cell Name: granulocyte monocyte progenitor cell (CL0000557)
    Fold Change: -0.1378
    Cell Significance Index: -1.5400
  • Cell Name: cardiac endothelial cell (CL0010008)
    Fold Change: -0.1418
    Cell Significance Index: -2.0400
  • Cell Name: muscle fibroblast (CL1001609)
    Fold Change: -0.1420
    Cell Significance Index: -0.8700
  • Cell Name: near-projecting glutamatergic cortical neuron (CL4023012)
    Fold Change: -0.1491
    Cell Significance Index: -3.7200
  • Cell Name: L2/3 intratelencephalic projecting glutamatergic neuron (CL4030059)
    Fold Change: -0.1493
    Cell Significance Index: -1.9900
  • Cell Name: erythrocyte (CL0000232)
    Fold Change: -0.1507
    Cell Significance Index: -3.8400
  • Cell Name: stromal cell (CL0000499)
    Fold Change: -0.1554
    Cell Significance Index: -1.5900
  • Cell Name: hepatocyte (CL0000182)
    Fold Change: -0.1601
    Cell Significance Index: -2.2200

Cell ID: Standard Cell Ontology term used for mapping and comparing cells across experiments. Ensures consistency in analyzing cellular functions across tissues.
Fold Change: Represents the ratio of the current Cell Significance Index to the Cell Significance Index Threshold, indicating how much the gene expression has changed compared to a baseline.
Cell Significance Index: Reflects how strongly a gene is expressed in this specific cell.

Cell ID: Standard Cell Ontology term used for mapping and comparing cells across experiments. Ensures consistency in analyzing cellular functions across tissues.
Fold Change: Represents the ratio of the current Cell Significance Index to the Cell Significance Index Threshold, indicating how much the gene expression has changed compared to a baseline.
Cell Significance Index: Reflects how strongly a gene is expressed in this cell type. Calculated using techniques like effect size estimation and bootstrapping for reliability.

Cell ID: Standard Cell Ontology term used for mapping and comparing cells across experiments. Ensures consistency in analyzing cellular functions across tissues.
Fold Change: Represents the ratio of the current Cell Significance Index to the Cell Significance Index Threshold, indicating how much the gene expression has changed compared to a baseline.
Cell Significance Index: Reflects how strongly a gene is expressed in this cell type. Calculated using techniques like effect size estimation and bootstrapping for reliability.

Other Information

**Key Characteristics:** DIO3 is a selenoprotein, a class of enzymes that require the amino acid selenocysteine as a cofactor. The enzyme is expressed in various tissues, including the brain, liver, and immune cells, such as microglia and T cells. DIO3 is specifically localized to the outer mitochondrial membrane and is involved in the regulation of thyroid hormone levels in the mitochondria. The enzyme has a high specificity for T4, with a low affinity for T3, and is inhibited by iodothyronine deiodinase 1 (DIO1) and DIO2. **Pathways and Functions:** DIO3 is involved in the following biological pathways: 1. **Thyroid Hormone Metabolism:** DIO3 catalyzes the conversion of T4 to T3, the biologically active form of thyroid hormone, which regulates various physiological processes, including growth, development, and metabolism. 2. **Brown Fat Cell Proliferation:** DIO3 has been shown to promote the proliferation of brown adipose tissue (BAT) cells, which are involved in thermogenesis and energy expenditure. 3. **Immune Response:** DIO3 has been implicated in the regulation of immune responses, including the modulation of T cell activation and cytokine production. 4. **Inflammation and Oxidative Stress:** DIO3 has been shown to regulate the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines and oxidative stress markers, suggesting a role in the modulation of inflammatory responses. 5. **Neuroprotection:** DIO3 has been implicated in the regulation of neuroprotection, including the modulation of neuroinflammation and neurodegenerative diseases. **Clinical Significance:** DIO3 has significant implications for various diseases and disorders, including: 1. **Thyroid Dysfunction:** Alterations in DIO3 expression and activity have been implicated in thyroid dysfunction, including hypothyroidism and hyperthyroidism. 2. **Neurodegenerative Diseases:** DIO3 has been implicated in the regulation of neurodegenerative diseases, including Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, and multiple sclerosis. 3. **Cancer:** DIO3 has been shown to regulate cancer cell metabolism, growth, and invasion, suggesting a potential role in cancer therapy. 4. **Immune-Mediated Disorders:** DIO3 has been implicated in the regulation of immune-mediated disorders, including autoimmune diseases and transplant rejection. In conclusion, DIO3 is a crucial enzyme involved in the regulation of thyroid hormone metabolism and beyond. Further research is needed to fully elucidate the mechanisms by which DIO3 modulates various biological pathways and to explore its therapeutic potential in various diseases and disorders.

Genular Protein ID: 962347715

Symbol: IOD3_HUMAN

Name: Thyroxine 5-deiodinase

UniProtKB Accession Codes:

P55073 G3XAM0 Q8WVN5

Database IDs:

AGR 1 Antibodypedia 1 BRENDA 1 Bgee 1 BioCyc 1 BioGRID 1 BioGRID-ORCS 1 BioMuta 1 CCDS 1 CTD 1 ChEBI 6 ChEMBL 1 DMDM 1 DNASU 1 DisGeNET 1 DrugBank 2 EC 1 EMBL 3 Ensembl 1 GO 13 Gene3D 1 GeneCards 1 GeneTree 1 GenomeRNAi 1 HGNC 1 HOGENOM 1 HPA 1 InParanoid 1 IntAct 1 InterPro 4 KEGG 1 MANE-Select 1 MIM 1 MassIVE 1 NCBI Taxonomy 1 OMA 1 OpenTargets 1 OrthoDB 1 PANTHER 2 PIRSF 2 PRO 1 PROSITE 1 PathwayCommons 1 PaxDb 1 PeptideAtlas 1 Pfam 1 PharmGKB 1 Pharos 1 PhosphoSitePlus 1 PhylomeDB 1 Proteomes 1 ProteomicsDB 2 RNAct 1 Reactome 1 RefSeq 1 Rhea 1 SABIO-RK 1 SIGNOR 1 STRING 1 SUPFAM 1 SwissPalm 1 TreeFam 1 UCSC 1 VEuPathDB 1 eggNOG 1 iPTMnet 1 neXtProt 1

Citations:

PubMed ID: 7593630

Title: Type 3 iodothyronine deiodinase: cloning, in vitro expression, and functional analysis of the placental selenoenzyme.

PubMed ID: 7593630

DOI: 10.1172/jci118299

PubMed ID: 12508121

Title: The DNA sequence and analysis of human chromosome 14.

PubMed ID: 12508121

DOI: 10.1038/nature01348

PubMed ID: 15489334

Title: The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC).

PubMed ID: 15489334

DOI: 10.1101/gr.2596504

PubMed ID: 12746313

Title: Substitution of cysteine for selenocysteine in the catalytic center of type III iodothyronine deiodinase reduces catalytic efficiency and alters substrate preference.

PubMed ID: 12746313

DOI: 10.1210/en.2003-0084

PubMed ID: 12419801

Title: Human type 3 iodothyronine selenodeiodinase is located in the plasma membrane and undergoes rapid internalization to endosomes.

PubMed ID: 12419801

DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m210266200

PubMed ID: 18356288

Title: The thyroid hormone-inactivating deiodinase functions as a homodimer.

PubMed ID: 18356288

DOI: 10.1210/me.2007-0490

Sequence Information:

  • Length: 304
  • Mass: 33947
  • Checksum: 08B61835B353D3C7
  • Sequence:
    • MPRQATSRLV VGEGEGSQGA SGPAATMLRS LLLHSLRLCA QTASCLVLFP RFLGTAFMLW 
LLDFLCIRKH FLGRRRRGQP EPEVELNSEG EEVPPDDPPI CVSDDNRLCT LASLKAVWHG 
QKLDFFKQAH EGGPAPNSEV VLPDGFQSQH ILDYAQGNRP LVLNFGSCTU PPFMARMSAF 
QRLVTKYQRD VDFLIIYIEE AHPSDGWVTT DSPYIIPQHR SLEDRVSAAR VLQQGAPGCA 
LVLDTMANSS SSAYGAYFER LYVIQSGTIM YQGGRGPDGY QVSELRTWLE RYDEQLHGAR 
PRRV

Genular Protein ID: 3687594917

Symbol: Q86TU3_HUMAN

Name: N/A

UniProtKB Accession Codes:

Q86TU3

Database IDs:

ARBA 1 AlphaFoldDB 1 BioGRID-ORCS 1 CTD 1 DNASU 1 DisGeNET 1 EMBL 2 GO 4 Gene3D 1 InterPro 1 KEGG 1 NCBI Taxonomy 1 OrthoDB 1 PANTHER 2 PeptideAtlas 1 Pfam 1 PharmGKB 1 RefSeq 1 RuleBase 1 SAM 2

Sequence Information:

  • Length: 169
  • Mass: 18568
  • Checksum: C652B5BD5BF7DF14
  • Sequence:
    • MPRQATSRLV VGEGEGSQGA SGPAATMLRS LLLHSLRLCA QTASCLVLFP RFLGTAFMLW 
LLDFLCIRKH FLGRRRRGQP EPEVELNSEG EEVPPDDPPI CVSDDNRLCT LASLKAVWHG 
QKLDFFKQAH EGGPAPNSEV VLPDGFQSQH ILDYAQGNRP LVLNFGSCT

Database document:

This is a preview of the gene's schema. Only a few entries are kept for 'singleCellExpressions,' 'mRNAExpressions,' and other large data arrays for visualization purposes. You can zoom in with the mouse wheel for a closer view, and the text will adjust automatically if necessary. For the full schema, download it here.