Details for: DEXI

Gene ID: 28955

Gene Type:  Protein-coding  - A gene that serves as a template for producing a messenger RNA (mRNA) molecule, which is then translated into a functional protein.

Symbol: DEXI

Ensembl ID: ENSG00000182108

Description: Dexi homolog

Selected Context(s):  Overall

Cell Significance Landscape

Contexts:

Associated with

Significant Cells

Cell Significance Index (CSI) scores for the chosen context(s)

  • lung neuroendocrine cell CL1000223
    CSI 8.07
    rCSI 11.93%
    PRS 87.08
  • retinal ganglion cell CL0000740
    CSI 6.32
    rCSI 13.97%
    PRS 70.93
  • muscle cell CL0000187
    CSI 5.47
    rCSI 11.23%
    PRS 90.78
  • retinal cone cell CL0000573
    CSI 5.31
    rCSI 8.54%
    PRS 75.02
  • common myeloid progenitor CL0000049
    CSI 5.03
    rCSI 4.06%
    PRS 86.21
  • hematopoietic precursor cell CL0008001
    CSI 3.72
    rCSI 3.83%
    PRS 92.99
  • interstitial cell of Cajal CL0002088
    CSI 3.6
    rCSI 4.58%
    PRS 88.74
  • rod bipolar cell CL0000751
    CSI 3.54
    rCSI 6.36%
    PRS 78.1
  • perivascular cell CL4033054
    CSI 2.89
    rCSI 3.96%
    PRS 88.31
  • CD8-positive, alpha-beta memory T cell, CD45RO-positive CL0001203
    CSI 2.75
    rCSI 3.34%
    PRS 64.75
  • mesodermal cell CL0000222
    CSI 2.59
    rCSI 3.11%
    PRS 82.38
  • enteroendocrine cell CL0000164
    CSI 2.59
    rCSI 3.54%
    PRS 83.39
  • retina horizontal cell CL0000745
    CSI 2.58
    rCSI 3.93%
    PRS 81.1
  • megakaryocyte-erythroid progenitor cell CL0000050
    CSI 2.53
    rCSI 2.29%
    PRS 82.75
  • epithelial cell of lung CL0000082
    CSI 2.53
    rCSI 2.1%
    PRS 85.2
  • ON-bipolar cell CL0000749
    CSI 2.53
    rCSI 3.75%
    PRS 83.69
  • cytotoxic T cell CL0000910
    CSI 2.51
    rCSI 14.38%
    PRS 86.19
  • neural crest cell CL0011012
    CSI 2.5
    rCSI 1.98%
    PRS 74.53
  • bronchus fibroblast of lung CL2000093
    CSI 2.45
    rCSI 1.99%
    PRS 83.52
  • multi-ciliated epithelial cell CL0005012
    CSI 2.25
    rCSI 2.25%
    PRS 78.38
  • radial glial cell CL0000681
    CSI 2.19
    rCSI 3.05%
    PRS 82.67
  • granulocyte CL0000094
    CSI 2.16
    rCSI 3.3%
    PRS 90.1
  • intestinal epithelial cell CL0002563
    CSI 2.15
    rCSI 2.24%
    PRS 81.81
  • effector memory CD4-positive, alpha-beta T cell CL0000905
    CSI 2.13
    rCSI 2.9%
    PRS 96.55
  • stem cell CL0000034
    CSI 2.07
    rCSI 2%
    PRS 78.62
  • caudal ganglionic eminence derived cortical interneuron CL4023064
    CSI 2.06
    rCSI 3.64%
    PRS 67.12
  • chondrocyte CL0000138
    CSI 2.06
    rCSI 3.28%
    PRS 77.79
  • ciliated epithelial cell CL0000067
    CSI 2.02
    rCSI 1.78%
    PRS 74.19
  • skin fibroblast CL0002620
    CSI 1.95
    rCSI 1.68%
    PRS 84.06
  • neuroblast (sensu Vertebrata) CL0000031
    CSI 1.91
    rCSI 2.46%
    PRS 80.46
  • cerebral cortex GABAergic interneuron CL0010011
    CSI 1.75
    rCSI 5.17%
    PRS 84.75
  • club cell CL0000158
    CSI 1.71
    rCSI 2.51%
    PRS 79.15
  • fallopian tube secretory epithelial cell CL4030006
    CSI 1.61
    rCSI 1.55%
    PRS 83.47
  • placental villous trophoblast CL2000060
    CSI 1.57
    rCSI 2.42%
    PRS 83.09
  • peripheral nervous system neuron CL2000032
    CSI 1.55
    rCSI 2.11%
    PRS 76.42
  • dendritic cell, human CL0001056
    CSI 1.51
    rCSI 2.33%
    PRS 91.2
  • hepatocyte CL0000182
    CSI 1.49
    rCSI 2.67%
    PRS 83.41
  • cardiac muscle cell CL0000746
    CSI 1.46
    rCSI 2.09%
    PRS 74.69
  • innate lymphoid cell CL0001065
    CSI 1.44
    rCSI 2.98%
    PRS 80.28
  • retinal pigment epithelial cell CL0002586
    CSI 1.39
    rCSI 2.76%
    PRS 80.1
  • astrocyte of the cerebral cortex CL0002605
    CSI 1.37
    rCSI 3.06%
    PRS 68.48
  • basal cell of epidermis CL0002187
    CSI 1.35
    rCSI 2.39%
    PRS 53.51
  • mesenchymal cell CL0008019
    CSI 1.27
    rCSI 3.22%
    PRS 77.87
  • pancreatic ductal cell CL0002079
    CSI 1.16
    rCSI 2.26%
    PRS 87.01
  • helper T cell CL0000912
    CSI 1
    rCSI 1.41%
    PRS 82.2
  • melanocyte of skin CL1000458
    CSI 0.87
    rCSI 1.19%
    PRS 51.96
  • podocyte CL0000653
    CSI 0.83
    rCSI 3.71%
    PRS 84.93
  • microcirculation associated smooth muscle cell CL0008035
    CSI 0.76
    rCSI 2.2%
    PRS 83.26
  • dopaminergic neuron CL0000700
    CSI 0.74
    rCSI 4.2%
    PRS 70.93
  • pancreatic stellate cell CL0002410
    CSI 0.67
    rCSI 3.89%
    PRS 87.03

Cell ID: Standard Cell Ontology term used for mapping and comparing cells across experiments. Ensures consistency in analyzing cellular functions across tissues.
Fold Change: Represents the ratio of the current Cell Significance Index to the Cell Significance Index Threshold, indicating how much the gene expression has changed compared to a baseline.
Cell Significance Index: Reflects how strongly a gene is expressed in this specific cell.

Cell ID: Standard Cell Ontology term used for mapping and comparing cells across experiments. Ensures consistency in analyzing cellular functions across tissues.
Fold Change: Represents the ratio of the current Cell Significance Index to the Cell Significance Index Threshold, indicating how much the gene expression has changed compared to a baseline.
Cell Significance Index: Reflects how strongly a gene is expressed in this cell type. Calculated using techniques like effect size estimation and bootstrapping for reliability.

Cell ID: Standard Cell Ontology term used for mapping and comparing cells across experiments. Ensures consistency in analyzing cellular functions across tissues.
Fold Change: Represents the ratio of the current Cell Significance Index to the Cell Significance Index Threshold, indicating how much the gene expression has changed compared to a baseline.
Cell Significance Index: Reflects how strongly a gene is expressed in this cell type. Calculated using techniques like effect size estimation and bootstrapping for reliability.
Network Configuration

Explore relationships of the current gene. Select an Interaction Source: 'ONTOLOGY' for shared pathways (GO/Reactome) or 'STRING' for protein-protein interactions. Further refine by selecting context genes and comparing Cell Significance Index (CSI) scores between baseline and target cell types and their specific contexts.

Comma-separated if multiple.
Comma-separated if multiple.
Legend:
  • Query Gene
  • Node Color (Target Cell CSI, relative to current network):
    • Very High
    • High
    • Medium
    • Low
    • Very Low
    • CSI N/A
  • Node Size: Proportional to Target Cell CSI magnitude
  • STRING PPI Edge
  • Shared Pathway Edge (ONTOLOGY)

Loading network (please wait)...

Other Information

This section provides additional information about the gene, including a description generated by an AI language model and details about associated proteins.

## Summary [DEXI](/details-gene/28955) is a protein-coding gene located on chromosome 16p13.13 that encodes the Dexamethasone-induced protein. As its name suggests, it was first identified as a transcript induced by glucocorticoids and has been observed to be upregulated in the context of emphysema ([Link](https://doi.org/10.1165/ajrcmb.25.1.4417)). The **Overall** expression profile reveals that [DEXI](/details-gene/28955) is a significant gene in a remarkably diverse array of cell types, including [lung neuroendocrine cell](/details-cell/CL1000223), various neuronal cells of the retina, [muscle cell](/details-cell/CL0000187), and hematopoietic progenitors. This broad but significant expression pattern suggests that [DEXI](/details-gene/28955) may play a pleiotropic role in fundamental cellular processes, potentially related to stress response and cell maintenance across multiple tissues. ## Cellular Roles and Expression Landscape The expression landscape of [DEXI](/details-gene/28955) is characterized by its high significance in functionally disparate cell lineages, pointing towards a broad, rather than a lineage-specific, role. - **Neuroendocrine and Sensory Systems:** [DEXI](/details-gene/28955) shows the highest significance in [lung neuroendocrine cell](/details-cell/CL1000223) (CSI: 8.07). A consistent and notable pattern is also observed in the retina, where it is highly significant in [retinal ganglion cell](/details-cell/CL0000740), [retinal cone cell](/details-cell/CL0000573), [rod bipolar cell](/details-cell/CL0000751), and [retina horizontal cell](/details-cell/CL0000745). This strong signal across multiple retinal neuron types suggests a fundamental role in retinal biology, perhaps related to cell survival or function. - **Muscular and Mesenchymal Tissues:** The gene is also a significant marker in [muscle cell](/details-cell/CL0000187) and [interstitial cell of Cajal](/details-cell/CL0002088), the pacemaking cells of the gastrointestinal tract. Its relevance in [perivascular cell](/details-cell/CL4033054) and [mesodermal cell](/details-cell/CL0000222) further supports a role in mesenchymal lineages. - **Hematopoietic System:** In the hematopoietic compartment, [DEXI](/details-gene/28955) is highly significant in progenitor populations, including [common myeloid progenitor](/details-cell/CL0000049) and [hematopoietic precursor cell](/details-cell/CL0008001). Its moderate significance in mature immune cells like [CD8-positive, alpha-beta memory T cell, CD45RO-positive](/details-cell/CL0001203) suggests its role may be more pronounced during development and differentiation than in effector functions of mature lymphocytes. - **Epithelial Tissues:** Consistent with its initial discovery, [DEXI](/details-gene/28955) is significantly expressed in [epithelial cell of lung](/details-cell/CL0000082) and [enteroendocrine cell](/details-cell/CL0000164), reinforcing its connection to glucocorticoid-responsive barrier and secretory tissues. ## Pathways and Molecular Function The functional annotation for [DEXI](/details-gene/28955) is currently limited. The Gene Ontology consortium annotates its molecular function as [protein binding (GO:0005515)](https://www.ebi.ac.uk/QuickGO/term/GO:0005515), which suggests that it likely exerts its function as part of a larger protein complex. While specific pathways are not yet defined, its induction by dexamethasone strongly implies an involvement in the glucocorticoid signaling cascade. It may function as a downstream effector or a modulator of the glucocorticoid receptor's activity, translating the hormonal signal into specific cellular responses across the diverse cell types in which it is expressed. ## Research Directions The broad expression of [DEXI](/details-gene/28955) and its connection to both glucocorticoid signaling and lung pathology present several compelling avenues for future research. **Proposed Hypotheses:** 1. Given its upregulation in emphysema and high expression in [lung neuroendocrine cell](/details-cell/CL1000223) and [epithelial cell of lung](/details-cell/CL0000082), it is hypothesized that **[DEXI](/details-gene/28955) is a key mediator of glucocorticoid-induced cellular stress responses in the lung, and its chronic overexpression contributes to the pathological tissue remodeling seen in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.** 2. The consistent high significance of [DEXI](/details-gene/28955) across multiple, distinct classes of retinal neurons suggests a non-redundant function in ocular health. A second hypothesis is that **[DEXI](/details-gene/28955) acts as a neuroprotective factor in the retina, essential for maintaining the metabolic homeostasis and long-term survival of photoreceptors and ganglion cells under physiological stress.** **Experimental Approach:** To test the first hypothesis regarding its role in lung pathology, a valuable experiment would involve using an in vitro model of chronic lung inflammation. Primary human bronchial epithelial cells could be cultured and chronically exposed to cigarette smoke extract to mimic the stress environment of emphysema. [DEXI](/details-gene/28955) expression could then be knocked down using CRISPR interference (CRISPRi). The impact of [DEXI](/details-gene/28955) loss would be assessed by RNA-sequencing to identify changes in inflammatory, senescence, and extracellular matrix remodeling pathways, complemented by functional assays measuring cell viability, apoptosis, and secretion of inflammatory cytokines (e.g., IL-6, IL-8). **Therapeutic Potential:** The finding that [DEXI](/details-gene/28955) is upregulated in emphysema suggests it could be a potential therapeutic target. If its overexpression drives pathological processes, a strategy of **inhibition** would be pursued. However, the widespread expression of [DEXI](/details-gene/28955) in other critical tissues, particularly the retina and muscle, poses a significant risk for systemic therapies. Therefore, its therapeutic potential is likely limited to localized delivery methods, such as inhaled antisense oligonucleotides or siRNA, to specifically target the lung and minimize off-target effects. Such a treatment could potentially mitigate the cellular stress and maladaptive remodeling that characterizes chronic lung diseases.

Genular Protein ID: 2606678179

Symbol: DEXI_HUMAN

Name: Dexamethasone-induced protein

UniProtKB Accession Codes:

O95424 B2RAA7

Database IDs:

AGR 1 AlphaFoldDB 1 Antibodypedia 1 Bgee 1 BioGRID 1 BioGRID-ORCS 1 BioMuta 1 CCDS 1 CTD 1 ChiTaRS 1 DNASU 1 DisGeNET 1 EMBL 7 Ensembl 3 GeneCards 1 GeneTree 1 GenomeRNAi 1 HGNC 1 HOGENOM 1 HPA 1 InParanoid 1 IntAct 1 InterPro 1 KEGG 1 MANE-Select 1 MIM 1 NCBI Taxonomy 1 OMA 1 OpenTargets 1 OrthoDB 1 PANTHER 2 PRINTS 1 PRO 1 PathwayCommons 1 PaxDb 1 PeptideAtlas 1 Pfam 1 PharmGKB 1 Pharos 1 PhylomeDB 1 Proteomes 1 RNAct 1 RefSeq 2 STRING 1 SignaLink 1 TreeFam 1 UCSC 1 VEuPathDB 1 eggNOG 1 neXtProt 1

Citations:

PubMed ID: 11472984

Title: Cloning of dexamethasone-induced transcript: a novel glucocorticoid-induced gene that is upregulated in emphysema.

PubMed ID: 11472984

DOI: 10.1165/ajrcmb.25.1.4417

PubMed ID: 14702039

Title: Complete sequencing and characterization of 21,243 full-length human cDNAs.

PubMed ID: 14702039

DOI: 10.1038/ng1285

PubMed ID: 15489334

Title: The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC).

PubMed ID: 15489334

DOI: 10.1101/gr.2596504

Sequence Information:

  • Length: 95
  • Mass: 10429
  • Checksum: F9F98DE2572D3F83
  • Sequence:
    • MLGARVAAHL DALGPLVPYV PPPLLPSMFY VGLFFVNVLI LYYAFLMEYI VLNVGLVFLP 
EDMDQALVDL GVLSDPGSGL YDADSELDVF DAYLE