Details for: EEF2K

Gene ID: 29904

Symbol: EEF2K

Ensembl ID: ENSG00000103319

Description: eukaryotic elongation factor 2 kinase

Associated with

Cells (max top 100)

(Marker Scores and respective Thresholds are uniquely calculated using our advanced thresholding algorithms to reveal cell-specific gene markers)

  • Cell Name: astrocyte of the cerebral cortex (CL0002605)
    Fold Change: 2.11
    Marker Score: 45,114
  • Cell Name: pvalb GABAergic cortical interneuron (CL4023018)
    Fold Change: 1.84
    Marker Score: 68,000
  • Cell Name: secondary lens fiber (CL0002225)
    Fold Change: 1.82
    Marker Score: 1,067
  • Cell Name: pigmented epithelial cell (CL0000529)
    Fold Change: 1.72
    Marker Score: 7,211
  • Cell Name: basal cell of epidermis (CL0002187)
    Fold Change: 1.71
    Marker Score: 747
  • Cell Name: near-projecting glutamatergic cortical neuron (CL4023012)
    Fold Change: 1.61
    Marker Score: 15,187
  • Cell Name: basal epithelial cell of tracheobronchial tree (CL0002329)
    Fold Change: 1.6
    Marker Score: 1,818
  • Cell Name: sst GABAergic cortical interneuron (CL4023017)
    Fold Change: 1.55
    Marker Score: 30,808
  • Cell Name: skeletal muscle fiber (CL0008002)
    Fold Change: 1.55
    Marker Score: 3,875
  • Cell Name: skeletal muscle fibroblast (CL0011027)
    Fold Change: 1.53
    Marker Score: 1,007
  • Cell Name: mural cell (CL0008034)
    Fold Change: 1.47
    Marker Score: 168,525
  • Cell Name: corneal epithelial cell (CL0000575)
    Fold Change: 1.45
    Marker Score: 1,604
  • Cell Name: dopaminergic neuron (CL0000700)
    Fold Change: 1.41
    Marker Score: 14,574
  • Cell Name: photoreceptor cell (CL0000210)
    Fold Change: 1.41
    Marker Score: 1,059
  • Cell Name: sncg GABAergic cortical interneuron (CL4023015)
    Fold Change: 1.38
    Marker Score: 10,599
  • Cell Name: vip GABAergic cortical interneuron (CL4023016)
    Fold Change: 1.36
    Marker Score: 51,663
  • Cell Name: corticothalamic-projecting glutamatergic cortical neuron (CL4023013)
    Fold Change: 1.35
    Marker Score: 12,846
  • Cell Name: L6b glutamatergic cortical neuron (CL4023038)
    Fold Change: 1.33
    Marker Score: 11,423
  • Cell Name: L5 extratelencephalic projecting glutamatergic cortical neuron (CL4023041)
    Fold Change: 1.31
    Marker Score: 2,017
  • Cell Name: epithelial cell of prostate (CL0002231)
    Fold Change: 1.26
    Marker Score: 877
  • Cell Name: L2/3-6 intratelencephalic projecting glutamatergic neuron (CL4023040)
    Fold Change: 1.24
    Marker Score: 76,353
  • Cell Name: neuron (CL0000540)
    Fold Change: 1.23
    Marker Score: 5,006
  • Cell Name: ciliated cell (CL0000064)
    Fold Change: 1.14
    Marker Score: 3,936
  • Cell Name: alveolar type 2 fibroblast cell (CL4028006)
    Fold Change: 1.12
    Marker Score: 622
  • Cell Name: smooth muscle cell of prostate (CL1000487)
    Fold Change: 1.07
    Marker Score: 274
  • Cell Name: mature astrocyte (CL0002627)
    Fold Change: 1.05
    Marker Score: 691
  • Cell Name: lens fiber cell (CL0011004)
    Fold Change: 1.04
    Marker Score: 330
  • Cell Name: fat cell (CL0000136)
    Fold Change: 1.01
    Marker Score: 564
  • Cell Name: basal epithelial cell of prostatic duct (CL0002236)
    Fold Change: 1
    Marker Score: 885
  • Cell Name: cerebral cortex GABAergic interneuron (CL0010011)
    Fold Change: 1
    Marker Score: 71,738
  • Cell Name: kidney proximal straight tubule epithelial cell (CL1000839)
    Fold Change: 1
    Marker Score: 2,347
  • Cell Name: forebrain radial glial cell (CL0013000)
    Fold Change: 1
    Marker Score: 47,963
  • Cell Name: absorptive cell (CL0000212)
    Fold Change: 0.98
    Marker Score: 30,400
  • Cell Name: OFF retinal ganglion cell (CL4023033)
    Fold Change: 0.98
    Marker Score: 409
  • Cell Name: choroid plexus epithelial cell (CL0000706)
    Fold Change: 0.97
    Marker Score: 889
  • Cell Name: chandelier pvalb GABAergic cortical interneuron (CL4023036)
    Fold Change: 0.95
    Marker Score: 3,936
  • Cell Name: intestinal crypt stem cell of colon (CL0009043)
    Fold Change: 0.95
    Marker Score: 2,403
  • Cell Name: tuft cell of colon (CL0009041)
    Fold Change: 0.94
    Marker Score: 485
  • Cell Name: BEST4+ intestinal epithelial cell, human (CL4030026)
    Fold Change: 0.93
    Marker Score: 440
  • Cell Name: pulmonary interstitial fibroblast (CL0002241)
    Fold Change: 0.91
    Marker Score: 732
  • Cell Name: abnormal cell (CL0001061)
    Fold Change: 0.91
    Marker Score: 2,716
  • Cell Name: intestinal epithelial cell (CL0002563)
    Fold Change: 0.91
    Marker Score: 1,470
  • Cell Name: kidney interstitial fibroblast (CL1000692)
    Fold Change: 0.9
    Marker Score: 1,740
  • Cell Name: lens epithelial cell (CL0002224)
    Fold Change: 0.9
    Marker Score: 1,087
  • Cell Name: lamp5 GABAergic cortical interneuron (CL4023011)
    Fold Change: 0.89
    Marker Score: 13,338
  • Cell Name: non-pigmented ciliary epithelial cell (CL0002304)
    Fold Change: 0.88
    Marker Score: 256
  • Cell Name: regular atrial cardiac myocyte (CL0002129)
    Fold Change: 0.87
    Marker Score: 3,109
  • Cell Name: neoplastic cell (CL0001063)
    Fold Change: 0.87
    Marker Score: 5,295
  • Cell Name: transit amplifying cell (CL0009010)
    Fold Change: 0.87
    Marker Score: 4,948
  • Cell Name: epithelial cell of small intestine (CL0002254)
    Fold Change: 0.86
    Marker Score: 310
  • Cell Name: nasal mucosa goblet cell (CL0002480)
    Fold Change: 0.85
    Marker Score: 569
  • Cell Name: corneal endothelial cell (CL0000132)
    Fold Change: 0.83
    Marker Score: 484
  • Cell Name: ciliated columnar cell of tracheobronchial tree (CL0002145)
    Fold Change: 0.83
    Marker Score: 7,195
  • Cell Name: anterior lens cell (CL0002223)
    Fold Change: 0.81
    Marker Score: 1,093
  • Cell Name: epicardial adipocyte (CL1000309)
    Fold Change: 0.8
    Marker Score: 389
  • Cell Name: acinar cell of salivary gland (CL0002623)
    Fold Change: 0.8
    Marker Score: 1,816
  • Cell Name: Purkinje cell (CL0000121)
    Fold Change: 0.79
    Marker Score: 26,624
  • Cell Name: lung goblet cell (CL1000143)
    Fold Change: 0.79
    Marker Score: 227
  • Cell Name: astrocyte (CL0000127)
    Fold Change: 0.78
    Marker Score: 680
  • Cell Name: keratocyte (CL0002363)
    Fold Change: 0.78
    Marker Score: 180
  • Cell Name: adipocyte of epicardial fat of left ventricle (CL1000311)
    Fold Change: 0.78
    Marker Score: 204
  • Cell Name: renal interstitial pericyte (CL1001318)
    Fold Change: 0.77
    Marker Score: 738
  • Cell Name: early T lineage precursor (CL0002425)
    Fold Change: 0.77
    Marker Score: 591
  • Cell Name: ON retinal ganglion cell (CL4023032)
    Fold Change: 0.76
    Marker Score: 209
  • Cell Name: small intestine goblet cell (CL1000495)
    Fold Change: 0.76
    Marker Score: 303
  • Cell Name: regular ventricular cardiac myocyte (CL0002131)
    Fold Change: 0.75
    Marker Score: 16,799
  • Cell Name: respiratory goblet cell (CL0002370)
    Fold Change: 0.74
    Marker Score: 215
  • Cell Name: enterocyte of epithelium of small intestine (CL1000334)
    Fold Change: 0.74
    Marker Score: 3,084
  • Cell Name: Cajal-Retzius cell (CL0000695)
    Fold Change: 0.73
    Marker Score: 377
  • Cell Name: basal cell (CL0000646)
    Fold Change: 0.72
    Marker Score: 935
  • Cell Name: syncytiotrophoblast cell (CL0000525)
    Fold Change: 0.72
    Marker Score: 589
  • Cell Name: luminal cell of prostate epithelium (CL0002340)
    Fold Change: 0.71
    Marker Score: 416
  • Cell Name: subcutaneous fat cell (CL0002521)
    Fold Change: 0.71
    Marker Score: 260
  • Cell Name: bronchial goblet cell (CL1000312)
    Fold Change: 0.7
    Marker Score: 347
  • Cell Name: contractile cell (CL0000183)
    Fold Change: 0.7
    Marker Score: 380
  • Cell Name: taste receptor cell (CL0000209)
    Fold Change: 0.7
    Marker Score: 605
  • Cell Name: duct epithelial cell (CL0000068)
    Fold Change: 0.7
    Marker Score: 326
  • Cell Name: proerythroblast (CL0000547)
    Fold Change: 0.7
    Marker Score: 473
  • Cell Name: mononuclear cell (CL0000842)
    Fold Change: 0.69
    Marker Score: 223
  • Cell Name: A2 amacrine cell (CL0004219)
    Fold Change: 0.69
    Marker Score: 219
  • Cell Name: skin fibroblast (CL0002620)
    Fold Change: 0.69
    Marker Score: 179
  • Cell Name: basal cell of epithelium of trachea (CL1000348)
    Fold Change: 0.69
    Marker Score: 5,100
  • Cell Name: adventitial cell (CL0002503)
    Fold Change: 0.68
    Marker Score: 169
  • Cell Name: brush cell (CL0002204)
    Fold Change: 0.67
    Marker Score: 616
  • Cell Name: gut absorptive cell (CL0000677)
    Fold Change: 0.67
    Marker Score: 430
  • Cell Name: neutrophil progenitor cell (CL0000834)
    Fold Change: 0.67
    Marker Score: 172
  • Cell Name: oocyte (CL0000023)
    Fold Change: 0.67
    Marker Score: 165
  • Cell Name: fast muscle cell (CL0000190)
    Fold Change: 0.67
    Marker Score: 201
  • Cell Name: germ cell (CL0000586)
    Fold Change: 0.67
    Marker Score: 1,164
  • Cell Name: multi-ciliated epithelial cell (CL0005012)
    Fold Change: 0.66
    Marker Score: 1,253
  • Cell Name: oligodendrocyte precursor cell (CL0002453)
    Fold Change: 0.66
    Marker Score: 813
  • Cell Name: cell of skeletal muscle (CL0000188)
    Fold Change: 0.65
    Marker Score: 498
  • Cell Name: lung ciliated cell (CL1000271)
    Fold Change: 0.64
    Marker Score: 305
  • Cell Name: kidney capillary endothelial cell (CL1000892)
    Fold Change: 0.63
    Marker Score: 197
  • Cell Name: endothelial cell of uterus (CL0009095)
    Fold Change: 0.63
    Marker Score: 1,252
  • Cell Name: endothelial cell of vascular tree (CL0002139)
    Fold Change: 0.61
    Marker Score: 886
  • Cell Name: glandular epithelial cell (CL0000150)
    Fold Change: 0.61
    Marker Score: 1,494
  • Cell Name: podocyte (CL0000653)
    Fold Change: 0.6
    Marker Score: 220
  • Cell Name: osteoclast (CL0000092)
    Fold Change: 0.59
    Marker Score: 296
  • Cell Name: cardiac neuron (CL0010022)
    Fold Change: 0.59
    Marker Score: 736

Cell ID: Standard Cell Ontology term used for mapping and comparing cells across experiments. Ensures consistency in analyzing cellular functions across tissues.
Fold Change: Represents the ratio of the current Marker Score to the Marker Score Threshold, indicating how much the gene expression has changed compared to a baseline.
Marker Score: Reflects how strongly a gene is expressed in this cell type. Calculated using techniques like effect size estimation and bootstrapping for reliability.

Cell ID: Standard Cell Ontology term used for mapping and comparing cells across experiments. Ensures consistency in analyzing cellular functions across tissues.
Fold Change: Represents the ratio of the current Marker Score to the Marker Score Threshold, indicating how much the gene expression has changed compared to a baseline.
Marker Score: Reflects how strongly a gene is expressed in this cell type. Calculated using techniques like effect size estimation and bootstrapping for reliability.

Cell ID: Standard Cell Ontology term used for mapping and comparing cells across experiments. Ensures consistency in analyzing cellular functions across tissues.
Fold Change: Represents the ratio of the current Marker Score to the Marker Score Threshold, indicating how much the gene expression has changed compared to a baseline.
Marker Score: Reflects how strongly a gene is expressed in this cell type. Calculated using techniques like effect size estimation and bootstrapping for reliability.

Other Information

**Key Characteristics:** 1. **EF2K structure and function:** EEF2K is a serine/threonine kinase that phosphorylates and activates eukaryotic elongation factor 2 (eEF2), a translation initiation factor. This phosphorylation event regulates protein synthesis and elongation. 2. **Cellular localization:** EEF2K is predominantly found in the cytosol and nucleus, with specific expression in neurons, muscle cells, and epithelial cells. 3. **Expression patterns:** EEF2K is highly expressed in neurons, particularly in the cerebral cortex, and in muscle cells, including skeletal muscle fibers. 4. **Regulatory mechanisms:** EEF2K is regulated by various signaling pathways, including calmodulin, calcium ion binding, and insulin stimulus. **Pathways and Functions:** 1. **Translation regulation:** EEF2K phosphorylates eEF2, regulating protein synthesis and elongation. This process is crucial for maintaining cellular homeostasis and responding to environmental changes. 2. **Signaling pathways:** EEF2K is involved in various signaling pathways, including: * mTORC1-mediated signaling: Regulates protein synthesis and autophagy. * Calcium ion binding: Regulates muscle contraction and relaxation. * Calmodulin binding: Regulates muscle contraction and cellular responses to anoxia. * Insulin stimulus: Regulates glucose metabolism and protein synthesis. 3. **Autophagy and apoptosis:** EEF2K regulates autophagy and apoptosis by modulating protein synthesis and translation. 4. **Dendritic spine morphogenesis:** EEF2K promotes dendritic spine morphogenesis, a process critical for synaptic plasticity and learning. **Clinical Significance:** 1. **Neurological disorders:** EEF2K dysregulation has been implicated in various neurological disorders, including Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, and stroke. 2. **Muscular dystrophy:** Mutations in EEF2K have been associated with muscular dystrophy, highlighting its role in muscle cell function and survival. 3. **Cancer:** EEF2K dysregulation has been linked to cancer progression, suggesting its potential as a therapeutic target. 4. **Ischemia and stroke:** EEF2K plays a critical role in responding to ischemia and stroke, highlighting its potential as a therapeutic target for treating these conditions. In conclusion, EEF2K is a multifunctional gene that regulates various cellular processes, including translation, signaling, and autophagy. Its dysregulation has been implicated in various diseases, highlighting its potential as a therapeutic target. Further research is necessary to fully elucidate the mechanisms of EEF2K and its role in human disease.

Genular Protein ID: 2522327892

Symbol: EF2K_HUMAN

Name: Eukaryotic elongation factor 2 kinase

UniProtKB Accession Codes:

O00418 Q8N588

Database IDs:

AGR 1 AlphaFoldDB 1 Antibodypedia 1 BRENDA 1 Bgee 1 BindingDB 1 BioGRID 2 BioGRID-ORCS 1 BioMuta 1 CCDS 1 CDD 1 CTD 1 ChEBI 6 ChEMBL 1 ChiTaRS 1 DNASU 1 DisGeNET 1 EC 1 ELM 1 EMBL 3 EPD 1 Ensembl 1 ExpressionAtlas 1 GO 27 Gene3D 2 GeneCards 1 GeneTree 1 GeneWiki 1 Genevisible 1 GlyGen 1 GuidetoPHARMACOLOGY 1 HGNC 1 HOGENOM 1 HPA 1 InParanoid 1 IntAct 1 InterPro 5 KEGG 1 MANE-Select 1 MIM 1 MINT 1 MassIVE 1 MaxQB 1 MetOSite 1 NCBI Taxonomy 1 OMA 1 OpenTargets 1 OrthoDB 1 PANTHER 2 PDB 13 PDBsum 8 PIRSF 1 PRO 1 PROSITE 1 PROSITE-ProRule 1 PathwayCommons 1 PaxDb 1 PeptideAtlas 1 Pfam 1 PharmGKB 1 Pharos 1 PhosphoSitePlus 1 PhylomeDB 1 Proteomes 1 ProteomicsDB 1 Pumba 1 RNAct 1 Reactome 1 RefSeq 3 Rhea 3 SAM 1 SIGNOR 1 SMART 1 SMR 1 STRING 1 SUPFAM 2 SignaLink 1 TreeFam 1 UCSC 1 UniProtKB 2 VEuPathDB 1 eggNOG 1 iPTMnet 1 jPOST 1 neXtProt 1

Citations:

PubMed ID: 9144159

Title: Identification of a new class of protein kinases represented by eukaryotic elongation factor-2 kinase.

PubMed ID: 9144159

DOI: 10.1073/pnas.94.10.4884

PubMed ID: 15616553

Title: The sequence and analysis of duplication-rich human chromosome 16.

PubMed ID: 15616553

DOI: 10.1038/nature03187

PubMed ID: 15489334

Title: The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC).

PubMed ID: 15489334

DOI: 10.1101/gr.2596504

PubMed ID: 11015200

Title: Mapping the functional domains of elongation factor-2 kinase.

PubMed ID: 11015200

DOI: 10.1021/bi0007270

PubMed ID: 11500363

Title: A novel method to identify protein kinase substrates: eEF2 kinase is phosphorylated and inhibited by SAPK4/p38delta.

PubMed ID: 11500363

DOI: 10.1093/emboj/20.16.4360

PubMed ID: 11500364

Title: Regulation of elongation factor 2 kinase by p90(RSK1) and p70 S6 kinase.

PubMed ID: 11500364

DOI: 10.1093/emboj/20.16.4370

PubMed ID: 15144186

Title: Robust phosphoproteomic profiling of tyrosine phosphorylation sites from human T cells using immobilized metal affinity chromatography and tandem mass spectrometry.

PubMed ID: 15144186

DOI: 10.1021/ac035352d

PubMed ID: 14709557

Title: Stimulation of the AMP-activated protein kinase leads to activation of eukaryotic elongation factor 2 kinase and to its phosphorylation at a novel site, serine 398.

PubMed ID: 14709557

DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m309773200

PubMed ID: 17081983

Title: Global, in vivo, and site-specific phosphorylation dynamics in signaling networks.

PubMed ID: 17081983

DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2006.09.026

PubMed ID: 16964243

Title: A probability-based approach for high-throughput protein phosphorylation analysis and site localization.

PubMed ID: 16964243

DOI: 10.1038/nbt1240

PubMed ID: 18337751

Title: cdc2-cyclin B regulates eEF2 kinase activity in a cell cycle- and amino acid-dependent manner.

PubMed ID: 18337751

DOI: 10.1038/emboj.2008.39

PubMed ID: 18669648

Title: A quantitative atlas of mitotic phosphorylation.

PubMed ID: 18669648

DOI: 10.1073/pnas.0805139105

PubMed ID: 19413330

Title: Lys-N and trypsin cover complementary parts of the phosphoproteome in a refined SCX-based approach.

PubMed ID: 19413330

DOI: 10.1021/ac9004309

PubMed ID: 19690332

Title: Quantitative phosphoproteomic analysis of T cell receptor signaling reveals system-wide modulation of protein-protein interactions.

PubMed ID: 19690332

DOI: 10.1126/scisignal.2000007

PubMed ID: 20068231

Title: Quantitative phosphoproteomics reveals widespread full phosphorylation site occupancy during mitosis.

PubMed ID: 20068231

DOI: 10.1126/scisignal.2000475

PubMed ID: 21269460

Title: Initial characterization of the human central proteome.

PubMed ID: 21269460

DOI: 10.1186/1752-0509-5-17

PubMed ID: 21112387

Title: The channel-kinase TRPM7 regulates phosphorylation of the translational factor eEF2 via eEF2-k.

PubMed ID: 21112387

DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2010.11.011

PubMed ID: 21406692

Title: System-wide temporal characterization of the proteome and phosphoproteome of human embryonic stem cell differentiation.

PubMed ID: 21406692

DOI: 10.1126/scisignal.2001570

PubMed ID: 22216903

Title: Identification of autophosphorylation sites in eukaryotic elongation factor-2 kinase.

PubMed ID: 22216903

DOI: 10.1042/bj20111530

PubMed ID: 22223895

Title: Comparative large-scale characterisation of plant vs. mammal proteins reveals similar and idiosyncratic N-alpha acetylation features.

PubMed ID: 22223895

DOI: 10.1074/mcp.m111.015131

PubMed ID: 23186163

Title: Toward a comprehensive characterization of a human cancer cell phosphoproteome.

PubMed ID: 23186163

DOI: 10.1021/pr300630k

PubMed ID: 24275569

Title: An enzyme assisted RP-RPLC approach for in-depth analysis of human liver phosphoproteome.

PubMed ID: 24275569

DOI: 10.1016/j.jprot.2013.11.014

PubMed ID: 17344846

Title: Patterns of somatic mutation in human cancer genomes.

PubMed ID: 17344846

DOI: 10.1038/nature05610

Sequence Information:

  • Length: 725
  • Mass: 82144
  • Checksum: 9D2900E50EFF12DA
  • Sequence:
    • MADEDLIFRL EGVDGGQSPR AGHDGDSDGD SDDEEGYFIC PITDDPSSNQ NVNSKVNKYY 
SNLTKSERYS SSGSPANSFH FKEAWKHAIQ KAKHMPDPWA EFHLEDIATE RATRHRYNAV 
TGEWLDDEVL IKMASQPFGR GAMRECFRTK KLSNFLHAQQ WKGASNYVAK RYIEPVDRDV 
YFEDVRLQME AKLWGEEYNR HKPPKQVDIM QMCIIELKDR PGKPLFHLEH YIEGKYIKYN 
SNSGFVRDDN IRLTPQAFSH FTFERSGHQL IVVDIQGVGD LYTDPQIHTE TGTDFGDGNL 
GVRGMALFFY SHACNRICES MGLAPFDLSP RERDAVNQNT KLLQSAKTIL RGTEEKCGSP 
QVRTLSGSRP PLLRPLSENS GDENMSDVTF DSLPSSPSSA TPHSQKLDHL HWPVFSDLDN 
MASRDHDHLD NHRESENSGD SGYPSEKRGE LDDPEPREHG HSYSNRKYES DEDSLGSSGR 
VCVEKWNLLN SSRLHLPRAS AVALEVQRLN ALDLEKKIGK SILGKVHLAM VRYHEGGRFC 
EKGEEWDQES AVFHLEHAAN LGELEAIVGL GLMYSQLPHH ILADVSLKET EENKTKGFDY 
LLKAAEAGDR QSMILVARAF DSGQNLSPDR CQDWLEALHW YNTALEMTDC DEGGEYDGMQ 
DEPRYMMLAR EAEMLFTGGY GLEKDPQRSG DLYTQAAEAA MEAMKGRLAN QYYQKAEEAW 
AQMEE

Database document:

This is a preview of the gene's schema. Only a few entries are kept for 'singleCellExpressions,' 'mRNAExpressions,' and other large data arrays for visualization purposes. You can zoom in with the mouse wheel for a closer view, and the text will adjust automatically if necessary. For the full schema, download it here.