Details for: IL19

Gene ID: 29949

Symbol: IL19

Ensembl ID: ENSG00000142224

Description: interleukin 19

Associated with

Cells (max top 100)

(Cell Significance Index and respective Thresholds are uniquely calculated using our advanced thresholding algorithms to reveal cell-specific gene markers)

  • Cell Name: mucosal type mast cell (CL0000485)
    Fold Change: 3.2246
    Cell Significance Index: -1.3100
  • Cell Name: endothelial tip cell (CL0000704)
    Fold Change: 1.8697
    Cell Significance Index: 8.0400
  • Cell Name: epithelial cell of nephron (CL1000449)
    Fold Change: 1.3601
    Cell Significance Index: 11.5600
  • Cell Name: salivary gland glandular cell (CL1001596)
    Fold Change: 1.0834
    Cell Significance Index: 6.0300
  • Cell Name: bladder urothelial cell (CL1001428)
    Fold Change: 0.5783
    Cell Significance Index: 30.0400
  • Cell Name: umbrella cell of urothelium (CL4030056)
    Fold Change: 0.3746
    Cell Significance Index: 3.4500
  • Cell Name: retinal blood vessel endothelial cell (CL0002585)
    Fold Change: 0.1176
    Cell Significance Index: 1.5200
  • Cell Name: myeloid lineage restricted progenitor cell (CL0000839)
    Fold Change: 0.1169
    Cell Significance Index: 1.6400
  • Cell Name: kidney loop of Henle ascending limb epithelial cell (CL1001016)
    Fold Change: 0.1094
    Cell Significance Index: 0.5100
  • Cell Name: mesonephric nephron tubule epithelial cell (CL1000022)
    Fold Change: 0.1076
    Cell Significance Index: 3.7400
  • Cell Name: mucus secreting cell of tracheobronchial tree submucosal gland (CL4033037)
    Fold Change: 0.1063
    Cell Significance Index: 0.7100
  • Cell Name: salivary gland cell (CL0009005)
    Fold Change: 0.0870
    Cell Significance Index: 1.0800
  • Cell Name: cerebellar granule cell (CL0001031)
    Fold Change: 0.0834
    Cell Significance Index: 1.4300
  • Cell Name: decidual cell (CL2000002)
    Fold Change: 0.0742
    Cell Significance Index: 1.1900
  • Cell Name: conjunctival epithelial cell (CL1000432)
    Fold Change: 0.0711
    Cell Significance Index: 0.9700
  • Cell Name: cell in vitro (CL0001034)
    Fold Change: 0.0647
    Cell Significance Index: 35.3100
  • Cell Name: respiratory goblet cell (CL0002370)
    Fold Change: 0.0504
    Cell Significance Index: 0.5200
  • Cell Name: proerythroblast (CL0000547)
    Fold Change: 0.0482
    Cell Significance Index: 0.6900
  • Cell Name: intestinal tuft cell (CL0019032)
    Fold Change: 0.0253
    Cell Significance Index: 1.5500
  • Cell Name: seromucus secreting cell (CL0000159)
    Fold Change: 0.0221
    Cell Significance Index: 0.4600
  • Cell Name: eukaryotic cell (CL0000255)
    Fold Change: 0.0194
    Cell Significance Index: 0.8400
  • Cell Name: basal cell of prostate epithelium (CL0002341)
    Fold Change: 0.0191
    Cell Significance Index: 0.5200
  • Cell Name: tracheal goblet cell (CL1000329)
    Fold Change: 0.0145
    Cell Significance Index: 0.1200
  • Cell Name: mesangial cell (CL0000650)
    Fold Change: 0.0107
    Cell Significance Index: 0.1400
  • Cell Name: L2/3-6 intratelencephalic projecting glutamatergic neuron (CL4023040)
    Fold Change: 0.0104
    Cell Significance Index: 2.0900
  • Cell Name: cortical cell of adrenal gland (CL0002097)
    Fold Change: 0.0097
    Cell Significance Index: 0.2600
  • Cell Name: epithelial cell of pancreas (CL0000083)
    Fold Change: 0.0091
    Cell Significance Index: 0.1500
  • Cell Name: tuft cell of colon (CL0009041)
    Fold Change: 0.0084
    Cell Significance Index: 7.6200
  • Cell Name: obsolete caudal ganglionic eminence derived GABAergic cortical interneuron (CL4023070)
    Fold Change: 0.0076
    Cell Significance Index: 2.7100
  • Cell Name: intermediate cell of urothelium (CL4030055)
    Fold Change: 0.0070
    Cell Significance Index: 1.2700
  • Cell Name: neoplastic cell (CL0001063)
    Fold Change: 0.0069
    Cell Significance Index: 1.3700
  • Cell Name: acinar cell of salivary gland (CL0002623)
    Fold Change: 0.0062
    Cell Significance Index: 0.2900
  • Cell Name: basal cell of urothelium (CL1000486)
    Fold Change: 0.0050
    Cell Significance Index: 0.6100
  • Cell Name: pigmented ciliary epithelial cell (CL0002303)
    Fold Change: 0.0043
    Cell Significance Index: 0.6300
  • Cell Name: odontoblast (CL0000060)
    Fold Change: 0.0040
    Cell Significance Index: 0.5100
  • Cell Name: luminal adaptive secretory precursor cell of mammary gland (CL4033057)
    Fold Change: 0.0017
    Cell Significance Index: 0.0800
  • Cell Name: pigmented epithelial cell (CL0000529)
    Fold Change: 0.0008
    Cell Significance Index: 1.5400
  • Cell Name: lens epithelial cell (CL0002224)
    Fold Change: -0.0001
    Cell Significance Index: -0.1400
  • Cell Name: anterior lens cell (CL0002223)
    Fold Change: -0.0004
    Cell Significance Index: -0.7900
  • Cell Name: non-pigmented ciliary epithelial cell (CL0002304)
    Fold Change: -0.0006
    Cell Significance Index: -0.3700
  • Cell Name: secondary lens fiber (CL0002225)
    Fold Change: -0.0009
    Cell Significance Index: -1.2900
  • Cell Name: kidney loop of Henle cortical thick ascending limb epithelial cell (CL1001109)
    Fold Change: -0.0016
    Cell Significance Index: -1.1800
  • Cell Name: ciliary muscle cell (CL1000443)
    Fold Change: -0.0019
    Cell Significance Index: -0.8500
  • Cell Name: pancreatic A cell (CL0000171)
    Fold Change: -0.0019
    Cell Significance Index: -1.4200
  • Cell Name: dopaminergic neuron (CL0000700)
    Fold Change: -0.0022
    Cell Significance Index: -0.6300
  • Cell Name: pancreatic acinar cell (CL0002064)
    Fold Change: -0.0024
    Cell Significance Index: -0.4100
  • Cell Name: type B pancreatic cell (CL0000169)
    Fold Change: -0.0026
    Cell Significance Index: -1.4700
  • Cell Name: tuft cell of small intestine (CL0009080)
    Fold Change: -0.0040
    Cell Significance Index: -0.0400
  • Cell Name: stromal cell of ovary (CL0002132)
    Fold Change: -0.0057
    Cell Significance Index: -0.7800
  • Cell Name: medial ganglionic eminence derived interneuron (CL4023063)
    Fold Change: -0.0063
    Cell Significance Index: -0.0900
  • Cell Name: pancreatic ductal cell (CL0002079)
    Fold Change: -0.0068
    Cell Significance Index: -0.7800
  • Cell Name: pancreatic D cell (CL0000173)
    Fold Change: -0.0073
    Cell Significance Index: -1.5400
  • Cell Name: cardiac muscle myoblast (CL0000513)
    Fold Change: -0.0076
    Cell Significance Index: -0.5800
  • Cell Name: L6 intratelencephalic projecting glutamatergic neuron of the primary motor cortex (CL4023050)
    Fold Change: -0.0090
    Cell Significance Index: -0.1200
  • Cell Name: epithelial cell of stomach (CL0002178)
    Fold Change: -0.0103
    Cell Significance Index: -1.2100
  • Cell Name: lactocyte (CL0002325)
    Fold Change: -0.0120
    Cell Significance Index: -1.5500
  • Cell Name: smooth muscle cell of sphincter of pupil (CL0002243)
    Fold Change: -0.0130
    Cell Significance Index: -1.3500
  • Cell Name: tonsil germinal center B cell (CL2000006)
    Fold Change: -0.0134
    Cell Significance Index: -1.5900
  • Cell Name: Purkinje cell (CL0000121)
    Fold Change: -0.0135
    Cell Significance Index: -0.3000
  • Cell Name: enterocyte of epithelium of large intestine (CL0002071)
    Fold Change: -0.0135
    Cell Significance Index: -0.6100
  • Cell Name: duct epithelial cell (CL0000068)
    Fold Change: -0.0137
    Cell Significance Index: -0.1900
  • Cell Name: abnormal cell (CL0001061)
    Fold Change: -0.0140
    Cell Significance Index: -1.4300
  • Cell Name: transit amplifying cell of small intestine (CL0009012)
    Fold Change: -0.0145
    Cell Significance Index: -0.3000
  • Cell Name: forebrain neuroblast (CL1000042)
    Fold Change: -0.0146
    Cell Significance Index: -0.9000
  • Cell Name: microfold cell of epithelium of small intestine (CL1000353)
    Fold Change: -0.0179
    Cell Significance Index: -1.2400
  • Cell Name: enterocyte of epithelium of small intestine (CL1000334)
    Fold Change: -0.0180
    Cell Significance Index: -0.5200
  • Cell Name: hippocampal granule cell (CL0001033)
    Fold Change: -0.0184
    Cell Significance Index: -1.2400
  • Cell Name: kidney epithelial cell (CL0002518)
    Fold Change: -0.0194
    Cell Significance Index: -0.5700
  • Cell Name: obsolete epithelial cell of alveolus of lung (CL0010003)
    Fold Change: -0.0209
    Cell Significance Index: -0.5200
  • Cell Name: progenitor cell of mammary luminal epithelium (CL0009116)
    Fold Change: -0.0211
    Cell Significance Index: -1.5700
  • Cell Name: early pro-B cell (CL0002046)
    Fold Change: -0.0228
    Cell Significance Index: -1.4700
  • Cell Name: retinal progenitor cell (CL0002672)
    Fold Change: -0.0237
    Cell Significance Index: -1.3300
  • Cell Name: CD4-positive, alpha-beta memory T cell, CD45RO-positive (CL0001204)
    Fold Change: -0.0259
    Cell Significance Index: -0.7600
  • Cell Name: stratified epithelial cell (CL0000079)
    Fold Change: -0.0281
    Cell Significance Index: -1.0300
  • Cell Name: corticothalamic-projecting glutamatergic cortical neuron (CL4023013)
    Fold Change: -0.0283
    Cell Significance Index: -0.9000
  • Cell Name: keratinocyte (CL0000312)
    Fold Change: -0.0304
    Cell Significance Index: -0.7600
  • Cell Name: L6b glutamatergic cortical neuron (CL4023038)
    Fold Change: -0.0305
    Cell Significance Index: -1.0000
  • Cell Name: L5 extratelencephalic projecting glutamatergic cortical neuron (CL4023041)
    Fold Change: -0.0311
    Cell Significance Index: -1.0900
  • Cell Name: indirect pathway medium spiny neuron (CL4023029)
    Fold Change: -0.0314
    Cell Significance Index: -1.3900
  • Cell Name: peg cell (CL4033014)
    Fold Change: -0.0318
    Cell Significance Index: -0.7400
  • Cell Name: fibroblast of mammary gland (CL0002555)
    Fold Change: -0.0324
    Cell Significance Index: -0.9300
  • Cell Name: small intestine goblet cell (CL1000495)
    Fold Change: -0.0347
    Cell Significance Index: -1.2200
  • Cell Name: direct pathway medium spiny neuron (CL4023026)
    Fold Change: -0.0372
    Cell Significance Index: -1.4100
  • Cell Name: lens fiber cell (CL0011004)
    Fold Change: -0.0397
    Cell Significance Index: -1.2600
  • Cell Name: megakaryocyte (CL0000556)
    Fold Change: -0.0408
    Cell Significance Index: -0.6600
  • Cell Name: fibro/adipogenic progenitor cell (CL0009099)
    Fold Change: -0.0408
    Cell Significance Index: -2.0600
  • Cell Name: placental villous trophoblast (CL2000060)
    Fold Change: -0.0412
    Cell Significance Index: -1.1000
  • Cell Name: CD14-low, CD16-positive monocyte (CL0002396)
    Fold Change: -0.0415
    Cell Significance Index: -1.0100
  • Cell Name: cerebral cortex endothelial cell (CL1001602)
    Fold Change: -0.0418
    Cell Significance Index: -0.8500
  • Cell Name: near-projecting glutamatergic cortical neuron (CL4023012)
    Fold Change: -0.0421
    Cell Significance Index: -1.0500
  • Cell Name: hippocampal pyramidal neuron (CL1001571)
    Fold Change: -0.0435
    Cell Significance Index: -1.2400
  • Cell Name: Hofbauer cell (CL3000001)
    Fold Change: -0.0454
    Cell Significance Index: -0.3700
  • Cell Name: corneal epithelial cell (CL0000575)
    Fold Change: -0.0457
    Cell Significance Index: -0.6500
  • Cell Name: basal epithelial cell of tracheobronchial tree (CL0002329)
    Fold Change: -0.0462
    Cell Significance Index: -1.2900
  • Cell Name: intestinal epithelial cell (CL0002563)
    Fold Change: -0.0464
    Cell Significance Index: -0.4800
  • Cell Name: pvalb GABAergic cortical interneuron (CL4023018)
    Fold Change: -0.0466
    Cell Significance Index: -0.9900
  • Cell Name: lamp5 GABAergic cortical interneuron (CL4023011)
    Fold Change: -0.0477
    Cell Significance Index: -1.0300
  • Cell Name: neuron associated cell (CL0000095)
    Fold Change: -0.0481
    Cell Significance Index: -1.9700
  • Cell Name: foveolar cell of stomach (CL0002179)
    Fold Change: -0.0491
    Cell Significance Index: -0.3200
  • Cell Name: neutrophil progenitor cell (CL0000834)
    Fold Change: -0.0516
    Cell Significance Index: -1.3800

Cell ID: Standard Cell Ontology term used for mapping and comparing cells across experiments. Ensures consistency in analyzing cellular functions across tissues.
Fold Change: Represents the ratio of the current Cell Significance Index to the Cell Significance Index Threshold, indicating how much the gene expression has changed compared to a baseline.
Cell Significance Index: Reflects how strongly a gene is expressed in this specific cell.

Cell ID: Standard Cell Ontology term used for mapping and comparing cells across experiments. Ensures consistency in analyzing cellular functions across tissues.
Fold Change: Represents the ratio of the current Cell Significance Index to the Cell Significance Index Threshold, indicating how much the gene expression has changed compared to a baseline.
Cell Significance Index: Reflects how strongly a gene is expressed in this cell type. Calculated using techniques like effect size estimation and bootstrapping for reliability.

Cell ID: Standard Cell Ontology term used for mapping and comparing cells across experiments. Ensures consistency in analyzing cellular functions across tissues.
Fold Change: Represents the ratio of the current Cell Significance Index to the Cell Significance Index Threshold, indicating how much the gene expression has changed compared to a baseline.
Cell Significance Index: Reflects how strongly a gene is expressed in this cell type. Calculated using techniques like effect size estimation and bootstrapping for reliability.

Other Information

**Key Characteristics:** IL-19 is a type II cytokine, which distinguishes it from the majority of interleukins that belong to type I. Its structure consists of four immunoglobulin-like domains, which confer its ability to interact with cell surface receptors. IL-19 is primarily expressed in hematopoietic cells, including granulocyte-monocyte progenitors, and epithelial cells of the gut, such as enterocytes and goblet cells. Its expression is also observed in the nervous system, particularly in GABAergic interneurons of the cerebral cortex. **Pathways and Functions:** IL-19 exerts its effects through binding to its receptor, IL-20R, which is composed of two subunits, IL-20R1 and IL-20R2. The IL-20R complex triggers a signaling cascade that activates various downstream pathways, including: 1. **Apoptotic process:** IL-19 promotes apoptosis in certain cell types, such as granulocytes, by inducing the expression of pro-apoptotic genes. 2. **Cytokine activity:** IL-19 modulates the production of other cytokines, including IL-10, which has anti-inflammatory properties. 3. **Immune system regulation:** IL-19 influences immune cell development, function, and survival, particularly in the context of hematopoietic cells. 4. **Reactive oxygen species (ROS) metabolism:** IL-19 regulates ROS production, which is essential for maintaining cellular homeostasis and responding to oxidative stress. **Clinical Significance:** IL-19 has been implicated in various diseases, including: 1. **Autoimmune disorders:** IL-19 has been linked to autoimmune conditions, such as rheumatoid arthritis, lupus, and multiple sclerosis, where it may contribute to tissue damage and inflammation. 2. **Cancer:** IL-19 has been shown to promote tumor growth and metastasis in certain cancer types, including colorectal cancer. 3. **Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD):** IL-19 may play a role in the pathogenesis of IBD, particularly in the context of intestinal inflammation. 4. **Neurological disorders:** IL-19 has been implicated in neurological conditions, such as Parkinson's disease and multiple sclerosis, where it may contribute to neuroinflammation and neuronal damage. In conclusion, IL-19 is a multifunctional cytokine that plays a crucial role in regulating immune responses, inflammation, and cellular homeostasis. Further research is necessary to fully elucidate the mechanisms of IL-19 action and its clinical significance in various diseases.

Genular Protein ID: 4098769952

Symbol: IL19_HUMAN

Name: Interleukin-19

UniProtKB Accession Codes:

Q9UHD0 B6VEV9 Q5VUT3 Q96QR4 Q9NUA0

Database IDs:

AGR 1 AlphaFoldDB 1 Antibodypedia 1 Bgee 1 BioGRID 1 BioGRID-ORCS 1 BioMuta 1 CCDS 1 CTD 1 ChiTaRS 1 DMDM 1 DNASU 1 DisGeNET 1 EMBL 8 Ensembl 4 EvolutionaryTrace 1 GO 10 Gene3D 1 GeneCards 1 GeneTree 1 GenomeRNAi 1 GlyCosmos 1 GlyGen 1 HGNC 1 HOGENOM 1 HPA 1 InParanoid 1 IntAct 1 InterPro 5 KEGG 1 MANE-Select 1 MIM 1 MassIVE 1 NCBI Taxonomy 1 OMA 1 OpenTargets 1 OrthoDB 1 PANTHER 2 PDB 1 PDBsum 1 PRINTS 1 PRO 1 PROSITE 1 PathwayCommons 1 PaxDb 1 PeptideAtlas 1 Pfam 1 PharmGKB 1 Pharos 1 PhylomeDB 1 Proteomes 1 ProteomicsDB 1 RNAct 1 Reactome 1 RefSeq 3 SIGNOR 1 SMR 1 STRING 1 SUPFAM 1 SignaLink 1 TreeFam 1 UCSC 1 VEuPathDB 1 eggNOG 1 neXtProt 1

Citations:

PubMed ID: 11196675

Title: Cloning, expression and initial characterization of interleukin-19 (IL-19), a novel homolog of human interleukin-10 (IL-10).

PubMed ID: 11196675

DOI: 10.1038/sj.gene.6363714

PubMed ID: 12370360

Title: IL-19 induces production of IL-6 and TNF-alpha and results in cell apoptosis through TNF-alpha.

PubMed ID: 12370360

DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.169.8.4288

PubMed ID: 19906316

Title: Discovery of novel human transcript variants by analysis of intronic single-block EST with polyadenylation site.

PubMed ID: 19906316

DOI: 10.1186/1471-2164-10-518

PubMed ID: 16710414

Title: The DNA sequence and biological annotation of human chromosome 1.

PubMed ID: 16710414

DOI: 10.1038/nature04727

PubMed ID: 11564763

Title: STAT activation by IL-19, IL-20 and mda-7 through IL-20 receptor complexes of two types.

PubMed ID: 11564763

DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.167.7.3545

PubMed ID: 12351624

Title: Interleukins 19, 20, and 24 signal through two distinct receptor complexes. Differences in receptor-ligand interactions mediate unique biological functions.

PubMed ID: 12351624

DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m205114200

PubMed ID: 15340161

Title: Signal peptide prediction based on analysis of experimentally verified cleavage sites.

PubMed ID: 15340161

DOI: 10.1110/ps.04682504

PubMed ID: 16365913

Title: Regulation of T cells and cytokines by the interleukin-10 (IL-10)-family cytokines IL-19, IL-20, IL-22, IL-24 and IL-26.

PubMed ID: 16365913

DOI: 10.1002/eji.200425523

PubMed ID: 34932373

Title: Induction of IL19 expression through JNK and cGAS-STING modulates DNA damage-induced cytokine production.

PubMed ID: 34932373

DOI: 10.1126/scisignal.aba2611

PubMed ID: 12403790

Title: Crystal structure of interleukin-19 defines a new subfamily of helical cytokines.

PubMed ID: 12403790

DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m208602200

Sequence Information:

  • Length: 177
  • Mass: 20452
  • Checksum: 7CCFB052177DE408
  • Sequence:
    • MKLQCVSLWL LGTILILCSV DNHGLRRCLI STDMHHIEES FQEIKRAIQA KDTFPNVTIL 
STLETLQIIK PLDVCCVTKN LLAFYVDRVF KDHQEPNPKI LRKISSIANS FLYMQKTLRQ 
CQEQRQCHCR QEATNATRVI HDNYDQLEVH AAAIKSLGEL DVFLAWINKN HEVMFSA

Database document:

This is a preview of the gene's schema. Only a few entries are kept for 'singleCellExpressions,' 'mRNAExpressions,' and other large data arrays for visualization purposes. You can zoom in with the mouse wheel for a closer view, and the text will adjust automatically if necessary. For the full schema, download it here.