Details for: IGHD

Gene ID: 3495

Symbol: IGHD

Ensembl ID: ENSG00000211898

Description: immunoglobulin heavy constant delta

Associated with

Cells (max top 100)

(Cell Significance Index and respective Thresholds are uniquely calculated using our advanced thresholding algorithms to reveal cell-specific gene markers)

  • Cell Name: IgG-negative class switched memory B cell (CL0002117)
    Fold Change: 9.7697
    Cell Significance Index: 43.6900
  • Cell Name: ileal goblet cell (CL1000326)
    Fold Change: 7.5109
    Cell Significance Index: -5.0400
  • Cell Name: centroblast (CL0009112)
    Fold Change: 4.3462
    Cell Significance Index: 10.1400
  • Cell Name: early pro-B cell (CL0002046)
    Fold Change: 1.7365
    Cell Significance Index: 112.0300
  • Cell Name: fallopian tube secretory epithelial cell (CL4030006)
    Fold Change: 1.5461
    Cell Significance Index: 23.9200
  • Cell Name: tonsil germinal center B cell (CL2000006)
    Fold Change: 1.1173
    Cell Significance Index: 131.7600
  • Cell Name: B-1b B cell (CL0000821)
    Fold Change: 0.9550
    Cell Significance Index: 4.7900
  • Cell Name: IgG memory B cell (CL0000979)
    Fold Change: 0.8974
    Cell Significance Index: 5.4200
  • Cell Name: keratocyte (CL0002363)
    Fold Change: 0.8585
    Cell Significance Index: 13.6200
  • Cell Name: retinal blood vessel endothelial cell (CL0002585)
    Fold Change: 0.8158
    Cell Significance Index: 10.5400
  • Cell Name: early promyelocyte (CL0002154)
    Fold Change: 0.7472
    Cell Significance Index: 4.7700
  • Cell Name: transitional stage B cell (CL0000818)
    Fold Change: 0.6602
    Cell Significance Index: 5.8000
  • Cell Name: follicular B cell (CL0000843)
    Fold Change: 0.5697
    Cell Significance Index: 2.8500
  • Cell Name: pro-T cell (CL0000827)
    Fold Change: 0.3088
    Cell Significance Index: 7.8900
  • Cell Name: CD8-positive, alpha-beta regulatory T cell (CL0000795)
    Fold Change: 0.3012
    Cell Significance Index: -0.9300
  • Cell Name: neutrophil progenitor cell (CL0000834)
    Fold Change: 0.2836
    Cell Significance Index: 7.5900
  • Cell Name: late promyelocyte (CL0002151)
    Fold Change: 0.2208
    Cell Significance Index: 1.4700
  • Cell Name: eukaryotic cell (CL0000255)
    Fold Change: 0.0537
    Cell Significance Index: 2.3300
  • Cell Name: centrocyte (CL0009111)
    Fold Change: 0.0097
    Cell Significance Index: 0.0300
  • Cell Name: B-1a B cell (CL0000820)
    Fold Change: 0.0056
    Cell Significance Index: 0.0300
  • Cell Name: pigmented epithelial cell (CL0000529)
    Fold Change: -0.0021
    Cell Significance Index: -4.0400
  • Cell Name: anterior lens cell (CL0002223)
    Fold Change: -0.0033
    Cell Significance Index: -6.1500
  • Cell Name: lens epithelial cell (CL0002224)
    Fold Change: -0.0041
    Cell Significance Index: -6.3700
  • Cell Name: secondary lens fiber (CL0002225)
    Fold Change: -0.0046
    Cell Significance Index: -6.2200
  • Cell Name: pulmonary alveolar epithelial cell (CL0000322)
    Fold Change: -0.0059
    Cell Significance Index: -4.4700
  • Cell Name: fibro/adipogenic progenitor cell (CL0009099)
    Fold Change: -0.0061
    Cell Significance Index: -0.3100
  • Cell Name: cell in vitro (CL0001034)
    Fold Change: -0.0073
    Cell Significance Index: -3.9900
  • Cell Name: non-pigmented ciliary epithelial cell (CL0002304)
    Fold Change: -0.0086
    Cell Significance Index: -5.4500
  • Cell Name: naive B cell (CL0000788)
    Fold Change: -0.0114
    Cell Significance Index: -0.1200
  • Cell Name: ciliary muscle cell (CL1000443)
    Fold Change: -0.0121
    Cell Significance Index: -5.4800
  • Cell Name: neuron associated cell (CL0000095)
    Fold Change: -0.0122
    Cell Significance Index: -0.5000
  • Cell Name: neoplastic cell (CL0001063)
    Fold Change: -0.0190
    Cell Significance Index: -3.7800
  • Cell Name: basal cell of prostate epithelium (CL0002341)
    Fold Change: -0.0202
    Cell Significance Index: -0.5500
  • Cell Name: acinar cell of salivary gland (CL0002623)
    Fold Change: -0.0255
    Cell Significance Index: -1.1900
  • Cell Name: L2/3-6 intratelencephalic projecting glutamatergic neuron (CL4023040)
    Fold Change: -0.0274
    Cell Significance Index: -5.5100
  • Cell Name: stromal cell of ovary (CL0002132)
    Fold Change: -0.0293
    Cell Significance Index: -4.0300
  • Cell Name: intermediate cell of urothelium (CL4030055)
    Fold Change: -0.0295
    Cell Significance Index: -5.3200
  • Cell Name: lymphoid lineage restricted progenitor cell (CL0000838)
    Fold Change: -0.0308
    Cell Significance Index: -0.3900
  • Cell Name: pigmented ciliary epithelial cell (CL0002303)
    Fold Change: -0.0367
    Cell Significance Index: -5.3300
  • Cell Name: duct epithelial cell (CL0000068)
    Fold Change: -0.0398
    Cell Significance Index: -0.5500
  • Cell Name: lactocyte (CL0002325)
    Fold Change: -0.0401
    Cell Significance Index: -5.1800
  • Cell Name: myeloid lineage restricted progenitor cell (CL0000839)
    Fold Change: -0.0406
    Cell Significance Index: -0.5700
  • Cell Name: basal cell of urothelium (CL1000486)
    Fold Change: -0.0437
    Cell Significance Index: -5.3700
  • Cell Name: bladder urothelial cell (CL1001428)
    Fold Change: -0.0558
    Cell Significance Index: -2.9000
  • Cell Name: abnormal cell (CL0001061)
    Fold Change: -0.0573
    Cell Significance Index: -5.8500
  • Cell Name: hematopoietic cell (CL0000988)
    Fold Change: -0.0585
    Cell Significance Index: -0.8600
  • Cell Name: cardiac muscle myoblast (CL0000513)
    Fold Change: -0.0642
    Cell Significance Index: -4.9300
  • Cell Name: squamous epithelial cell (CL0000076)
    Fold Change: -0.0666
    Cell Significance Index: -0.8100
  • Cell Name: progenitor cell of mammary luminal epithelium (CL0009116)
    Fold Change: -0.0712
    Cell Significance Index: -5.3100
  • Cell Name: stromal cell of endometrium (CL0002255)
    Fold Change: -0.0759
    Cell Significance Index: -1.0800
  • Cell Name: pulmonary capillary endothelial cell (CL4028001)
    Fold Change: -0.0768
    Cell Significance Index: -1.0500
  • Cell Name: fibroblast of connective tissue of nonglandular part of prostate (CL1000304)
    Fold Change: -0.0772
    Cell Significance Index: -0.8400
  • Cell Name: early T lineage precursor (CL0002425)
    Fold Change: -0.0792
    Cell Significance Index: -1.1500
  • Cell Name: skeletal muscle myoblast (CL0000515)
    Fold Change: -0.0837
    Cell Significance Index: -0.9100
  • Cell Name: leukocyte (CL0000738)
    Fold Change: -0.0842
    Cell Significance Index: -1.4300
  • Cell Name: mature B cell (CL0000785)
    Fold Change: -0.0891
    Cell Significance Index: -0.5800
  • Cell Name: indirect pathway medium spiny neuron (CL4023029)
    Fold Change: -0.0968
    Cell Significance Index: -4.2800
  • Cell Name: syncytiotrophoblast cell (CL0000525)
    Fold Change: -0.1000
    Cell Significance Index: -0.9500
  • Cell Name: B cell (CL0000236)
    Fold Change: -0.1024
    Cell Significance Index: -1.2100
  • Cell Name: umbrella cell of urothelium (CL4030056)
    Fold Change: -0.1064
    Cell Significance Index: -0.9800
  • Cell Name: precursor B cell (CL0000817)
    Fold Change: -0.1090
    Cell Significance Index: -1.4100
  • Cell Name: direct pathway medium spiny neuron (CL4023026)
    Fold Change: -0.1112
    Cell Significance Index: -4.2100
  • Cell Name: luminal adaptive secretory precursor cell of mammary gland (CL4033057)
    Fold Change: -0.1132
    Cell Significance Index: -5.3200
  • Cell Name: microcirculation associated smooth muscle cell (CL0008035)
    Fold Change: -0.1155
    Cell Significance Index: -0.9700
  • Cell Name: fibroblast of connective tissue of glandular part of prostate (CL1000305)
    Fold Change: -0.1193
    Cell Significance Index: -1.3200
  • Cell Name: megakaryocyte progenitor cell (CL0000553)
    Fold Change: -0.1203
    Cell Significance Index: -0.8700
  • Cell Name: luminal cell of prostate epithelium (CL0002340)
    Fold Change: -0.1210
    Cell Significance Index: -1.2500
  • Cell Name: stratified epithelial cell (CL0000079)
    Fold Change: -0.1253
    Cell Significance Index: -4.6000
  • Cell Name: lymphocyte (CL0000542)
    Fold Change: -0.1272
    Cell Significance Index: -1.7300
  • Cell Name: immature B cell (CL0000816)
    Fold Change: -0.1300
    Cell Significance Index: -1.2300
  • Cell Name: thymocyte (CL0000893)
    Fold Change: -0.1401
    Cell Significance Index: -1.7700
  • Cell Name: hematopoietic multipotent progenitor cell (CL0000837)
    Fold Change: -0.1450
    Cell Significance Index: -1.7500
  • Cell Name: endothelial cell of venule (CL1000414)
    Fold Change: -0.1532
    Cell Significance Index: -1.7400
  • Cell Name: B-2 B cell (CL0000822)
    Fold Change: -0.1568
    Cell Significance Index: -1.3900
  • Cell Name: corticothalamic-projecting glutamatergic cortical neuron (CL4023013)
    Fold Change: -0.1576
    Cell Significance Index: -5.0200
  • Cell Name: memory B cell (CL0000787)
    Fold Change: -0.1589
    Cell Significance Index: -1.6900
  • Cell Name: L6b glutamatergic cortical neuron (CL4023038)
    Fold Change: -0.1646
    Cell Significance Index: -5.3900
  • Cell Name: immature innate lymphoid cell (CL0001082)
    Fold Change: -0.1673
    Cell Significance Index: -2.0700
  • Cell Name: prostate gland microvascular endothelial cell (CL2000059)
    Fold Change: -0.1699
    Cell Significance Index: -1.2200
  • Cell Name: common lymphoid progenitor (CL0000051)
    Fold Change: -0.1753
    Cell Significance Index: -1.7800
  • Cell Name: kidney epithelial cell (CL0002518)
    Fold Change: -0.1881
    Cell Significance Index: -5.5400
  • Cell Name: fibroblast of mammary gland (CL0002555)
    Fold Change: -0.1905
    Cell Significance Index: -5.4600
  • Cell Name: epithelial cell of urethra (CL1000296)
    Fold Change: -0.1955
    Cell Significance Index: -1.2100
  • Cell Name: CD4-positive, alpha-beta thymocyte (CL0000810)
    Fold Change: -0.1972
    Cell Significance Index: -3.4000
  • Cell Name: erythrocyte (CL0000232)
    Fold Change: -0.1978
    Cell Significance Index: -5.0400
  • Cell Name: erythroid progenitor cell (CL0000038)
    Fold Change: -0.1994
    Cell Significance Index: -2.6100
  • Cell Name: common dendritic progenitor (CL0001029)
    Fold Change: -0.1999
    Cell Significance Index: -2.0800
  • Cell Name: near-projecting glutamatergic cortical neuron (CL4023012)
    Fold Change: -0.2029
    Cell Significance Index: -5.0600
  • Cell Name: CD14-positive monocyte (CL0001054)
    Fold Change: -0.2071
    Cell Significance Index: -4.0500
  • Cell Name: keratinocyte (CL0000312)
    Fold Change: -0.2094
    Cell Significance Index: -5.2300
  • Cell Name: type I muscle cell (CL0002211)
    Fold Change: -0.2201
    Cell Significance Index: -5.3700
  • Cell Name: megakaryocyte (CL0000556)
    Fold Change: -0.2260
    Cell Significance Index: -3.6600
  • Cell Name: proerythroblast (CL0000547)
    Fold Change: -0.2303
    Cell Significance Index: -3.3000
  • Cell Name: CD14-low, CD16-positive monocyte (CL0002396)
    Fold Change: -0.2312
    Cell Significance Index: -5.6000
  • Cell Name: pro-B cell (CL0000826)
    Fold Change: -0.2325
    Cell Significance Index: -2.5000
  • Cell Name: peg cell (CL4033014)
    Fold Change: -0.2337
    Cell Significance Index: -5.4000
  • Cell Name: centrilobular region hepatocyte (CL0019029)
    Fold Change: -0.2392
    Cell Significance Index: -4.0300
  • Cell Name: megakaryocyte-erythroid progenitor cell (CL0000050)
    Fold Change: -0.2443
    Cell Significance Index: -3.3500
  • Cell Name: placental villous trophoblast (CL2000060)
    Fold Change: -0.2449
    Cell Significance Index: -6.5400
  • Cell Name: lamp5 GABAergic cortical interneuron (CL4023011)
    Fold Change: -0.2490
    Cell Significance Index: -5.3800

Cell ID: Standard Cell Ontology term used for mapping and comparing cells across experiments. Ensures consistency in analyzing cellular functions across tissues.
Fold Change: Represents the ratio of the current Cell Significance Index to the Cell Significance Index Threshold, indicating how much the gene expression has changed compared to a baseline.
Cell Significance Index: Reflects how strongly a gene is expressed in this specific cell.

Cell ID: Standard Cell Ontology term used for mapping and comparing cells across experiments. Ensures consistency in analyzing cellular functions across tissues.
Fold Change: Represents the ratio of the current Cell Significance Index to the Cell Significance Index Threshold, indicating how much the gene expression has changed compared to a baseline.
Cell Significance Index: Reflects how strongly a gene is expressed in this cell type. Calculated using techniques like effect size estimation and bootstrapping for reliability.

Cell ID: Standard Cell Ontology term used for mapping and comparing cells across experiments. Ensures consistency in analyzing cellular functions across tissues.
Fold Change: Represents the ratio of the current Cell Significance Index to the Cell Significance Index Threshold, indicating how much the gene expression has changed compared to a baseline.
Cell Significance Index: Reflects how strongly a gene is expressed in this cell type. Calculated using techniques like effect size estimation and bootstrapping for reliability.

Other Information

**Key Characteristics** 1. **IGHD gene structure**: The IGHD gene is a single-copy gene located on chromosome 11q13, encoding a constant region of the heavy chain of IgD antibodies. 2. **Expression pattern**: IGHD is expressed in various stages of B cell development, including naive B cells, transitional stage B cells, class-switched memory B cells, and germinal center B cells. 3. **Function**: The IGHD gene plays a crucial role in the adaptive immune response, particularly in the context of viral infections and autoimmune diseases. 4. **Regulation**: IGHD expression is regulated by various signaling pathways, including the B cell receptor (BCR) signaling pathway, Cd22-mediated BCR regulation, and positive regulation of interleukin-1 production. **Pathways and Functions** 1. **B cell receptor (BCR) signaling pathway**: The IGHD gene is part of the BCR signaling pathway, which is essential for B cell activation and proliferation. The BCR signaling pathway involves the binding of antigens to the BCR, leading to the activation of downstream signaling molecules, including IgHD. 2. **Cd22-mediated BCR regulation**: Cd22 is a surface molecule that regulates BCR signaling, and IGHD is involved in this regulation. Cd22 binding to IgD on the surface of B cells can modulate BCR signaling and IgHD expression. 3. **Positive regulation of interleukin-1 production**: IGHD expression is positively regulated by the production of interleukin-1 (IL-1), a cytokine that plays a crucial role in the adaptive immune response. 4. **Antigen activation and B cell receptor signaling**: IGHD is involved in the activation of B cells by antigens, leading to the generation of second messengers and the activation of downstream signaling pathways. **Clinical Significance** 1. **Viral infections**: IGHD is involved in the immune response to viral infections, particularly in the context of SARS-CoV and SARS-CoV-2 infections. 2. **Autoimmune diseases**: IGHD expression is dysregulated in autoimmune diseases, such as rheumatoid arthritis and lupus, highlighting its potential as a therapeutic target. 3. **Immunoglobulin D (IgD) deficiency**: IGHD deficiency can lead to IgD deficiency, a condition characterized by impaired immune function and increased susceptibility to infections. 4. **Potential therapeutics**: The IGHD gene has been identified as a potential target for the development of therapeutics for SARS-CoV and SARS-CoV-2 infections, as well as autoimmune diseases. In conclusion, the IGHD gene plays a crucial role in the adaptive immune response, particularly in the context of viral infections and autoimmune diseases. Its dysregulation can lead to impaired immune function and increased susceptibility to infections, highlighting its potential as a therapeutic target. Further research is needed to fully understand the mechanisms of IGHD expression and its clinical significance.

Database document:

This is a preview of the gene's schema. Only a few entries are kept for 'singleCellExpressions,' 'mRNAExpressions,' and other large data arrays for visualization purposes. You can zoom in with the mouse wheel for a closer view, and the text will adjust automatically if necessary. For the full schema, download it here.