Details for: LCN2

Gene ID: 3934

Gene Type:  Protein-coding  - A gene that serves as a template for producing a messenger RNA (mRNA) molecule, which is then translated into a functional protein.

Symbol: LCN2

Ensembl ID: ENSG00000148346

Description: lipocalin 2

Cell Significance Landscape

Associated with

Significant Cells

Cell Significance Index (CSI) scores for the chosen context(s)

  • duct epithelial cell CL0000068
    CSI 45.71
    rCSI 66.88%
    PRS 77.48
  • nasal mucosa goblet cell CL0002480
    CSI 43.18
    rCSI 50.08%
    PRS 78.17
  • tracheal goblet cell CL1000329
    CSI 30.39
    rCSI 66.36%
    PRS 82.07
  • multi-ciliated epithelial cell CL0005012
    CSI 29.03
    rCSI 28.97%
    PRS 66.14
  • mucous neck cell CL0000651
    CSI 25.95
    rCSI 37.4%
    PRS 81.27
  • club cell CL0000158
    CSI 22.88
    rCSI 33.51%
    PRS 67.42
  • epithelial cell of lower respiratory tract CL0002632
    CSI 21.23
    rCSI 16.46%
    PRS 75.92
  • squamous epithelial cell CL0000076
    CSI 21.21
    rCSI 50.35%
    PRS 74.46
  • paneth cell CL0000510
    CSI 18.21
    rCSI 26.88%
    PRS 85.02
  • conjunctival epithelial cell CL1000432
    CSI 17.65
    rCSI 26.95%
    PRS 73.07
  • ciliated epithelial cell CL0000067
    CSI 17.09
    rCSI 15.03%
    PRS 60.82
  • bronchial goblet cell CL1000312
    CSI 16.58
    rCSI 66.25%
    PRS 83.66
  • fallopian tube secretory epithelial cell CL4030006
    CSI 16.42
    rCSI 15.81%
    PRS 72.07
  • deuterosomal cell CL4033044
    CSI 16.04
    rCSI 54.22%
    PRS 73.01
  • respiratory suprabasal cell CL4033048
    CSI 15.79
    rCSI 20.25%
    PRS 76.55
  • pancreatic acinar cell CL0002064
    CSI 15.75
    rCSI 20.93%
    PRS 78.8
  • mucus secreting cell CL0000319
    CSI 15.72
    rCSI 24.97%
    PRS 82.36
  • secretory cell CL0000151
    CSI 14.15
    rCSI 14.76%
    PRS 72.34
  • intestine goblet cell CL0019031
    CSI 12.88
    rCSI 11.43%
    PRS 70.35
  • pancreatic ductal cell CL0002079
    CSI 11.86
    rCSI 23.07%
    PRS 75.85
  • colon epithelial cell CL0011108
    CSI 10.52
    rCSI 11.02%
    PRS 69.57
  • pulmonary ionocyte CL0017000
    CSI 9.83
    rCSI 11.97%
    PRS 79.5
  • dendritic cell CL0000451
    CSI 8.51
    rCSI 10.48%
    PRS 80.58
  • tracheobronchial serous cell CL0019001
    CSI 8.32
    rCSI 35.94%
    PRS 82.44
  • respiratory basal cell CL0002633
    CSI 8.05
    rCSI 8.34%
    PRS 77.78
  • foveolar cell of stomach CL0002179
    CSI 8.02
    rCSI 17.06%
    PRS 80.66
  • luminal epithelial cell of mammary gland CL0002326
    CSI 7.95
    rCSI 14.44%
    PRS 85.09
  • acinar cell CL0000622
    CSI 7.94
    rCSI 11.65%
    PRS 83.24
  • stem cell CL0000034
    CSI 7.9
    rCSI 7.61%
    PRS 64.6
  • platelet CL0000233
    CSI 7.85
    rCSI 32.55%
    PRS 72.26
  • enteroendocrine cell CL0000164
    CSI 7.73
    rCSI 10.57%
    PRS 73.22
  • lung ciliated cell CL1000271
    CSI 7.59
    rCSI 8.78%
    PRS 63.78
  • M cell of gut CL0000682
    CSI 7.55
    rCSI 8.02%
    PRS 79.5
  • epithelial cell of lung CL0000082
    CSI 7.47
    rCSI 6.19%
    PRS 72.83
  • enterocyte CL0000584
    CSI 6.92
    rCSI 11.16%
    PRS 73.14
  • ionocyte CL0005006
    CSI 6.85
    rCSI 7.35%
    PRS 73.08
  • myelocyte CL0002193
    CSI 6.52
    rCSI 42.83%
    PRS 90.91
  • respiratory hillock cell CL4030023
    CSI 6.44
    rCSI 11.49%
    PRS 83.23
  • goblet cell CL0000160
    CSI 6.09
    rCSI 5.75%
    PRS 71.77
  • basal cell CL0000646
    CSI 6.02
    rCSI 8.05%
    PRS 71.98
  • mononuclear phagocyte CL0000113
    CSI 6
    rCSI 13.2%
    PRS 76.74
  • respiratory epithelial cell CL0002368
    CSI 5.64
    rCSI 34.84%
    PRS 92.3
  • transit amplifying cell of colon CL0009011
    CSI 5.62
    rCSI 6.61%
    PRS 74.53
  • kidney collecting duct principal cell CL1001431
    CSI 5.5
    rCSI 27.67%
    PRS 70.93
  • respiratory goblet cell CL0002370
    CSI 5.37
    rCSI 58.41%
    PRS 83.68
  • myoepithelial cell CL0000185
    CSI 5.05
    rCSI 12.77%
    PRS 78.91
  • ciliated cell CL0000064
    CSI 4.87
    rCSI 7.89%
    PRS 68.14
  • lung goblet cell CL1000143
    CSI 4.8
    rCSI 53.62%
    PRS 86.38
  • serous secreting cell CL0000313
    CSI 4.57
    rCSI 23.09%
    PRS 90.4
  • megakaryocyte CL0000556
    CSI 4.36
    rCSI 18.9%
    PRS 80.93
  • neutrophil CL0000775
    CSI 4.27
    rCSI 23.86%
    PRS 76.25
  • ciliated columnar cell of tracheobronchial tree CL0002145
    CSI 4.22
    rCSI 9.62%
    PRS 67.36
  • intrahepatic cholangiocyte CL0002538
    CSI 4.11
    rCSI 9.85%
    PRS 78.96
  • stratified epithelial cell CL0000079
    CSI 3.98
    rCSI 24.54%
    PRS 84.67
  • promyelocyte CL0000836
    CSI 3.97
    rCSI 5.73%
    PRS 80.18
  • transit amplifying cell CL0009010
    CSI 3.62
    rCSI 5.53%
    PRS 83.09
  • kidney loop of Henle thin ascending limb epithelial cell CL1001107
    CSI 3.16
    rCSI 8.16%
    PRS 67.47
  • intestinal crypt stem cell of colon CL0009043
    CSI 3.1
    rCSI 23.31%
    PRS 85.04
  • serous secreting cell of bronchus submucosal gland CL4033005
    CSI 2.96
    rCSI 16.86%
    PRS 86
  • tracheobronchial goblet cell CL0019003
    CSI 2.93
    rCSI 47.14%
    PRS 86.15
  • basal cell of prostate epithelium CL0002341
    CSI 2.79
    rCSI 8.08%
    PRS 81.41
  • pulmonary alveolar type 1 cell CL0002062
    CSI 2.75
    rCSI 15.88%
    PRS 69.88
  • megakaryocyte-erythroid progenitor cell CL0000050
    CSI 2.62
    rCSI 2.36%
    PRS 69.92
  • airway submucosal gland duct basal cell CL4033024
    CSI 2.47
    rCSI 15.77%
    PRS 80.5
  • smooth muscle cell CL0000192
    CSI 2.46
    rCSI 5.87%
    PRS 71.64
  • lung secretory cell CL1000272
    CSI 2.38
    rCSI 5.88%
    PRS 71.6
  • luminal cell of prostate epithelium CL0002340
    CSI 2.26
    rCSI 12.15%
    PRS 81.95
  • progenitor cell CL0011026
    CSI 2.11
    rCSI 4.5%
    PRS 68.44
  • mammary gland epithelial cell CL0002327
    CSI 1.97
    rCSI 6.89%
    PRS 82.58
  • basal cell of epithelium of trachea CL1000348
    CSI 1.95
    rCSI 13.8%
    PRS 81.18
  • cholangiocyte CL1000488
    CSI 1.95
    rCSI 11.71%
    PRS 76.27
  • epithelial cell of esophagus CL0002252
    CSI 1.8
    rCSI 17.77%
    PRS 82.81
  • transit amplifying cell of small intestine CL0009012
    CSI 1.77
    rCSI 7.78%
    PRS 83.56
  • glandular epithelial cell CL0000150
    CSI 1.72
    rCSI 4.52%
    PRS 87.05
  • colonocyte CL1000347
    CSI 1.61
    rCSI 2.31%
    PRS 74.42
  • colon goblet cell CL0009039
    CSI 1.5
    rCSI 3.56%
    PRS 79.71
  • acinar cell of salivary gland CL0002623
    CSI 1.36
    rCSI 31.62%
    PRS 87.42
  • type EC enteroendocrine cell CL0000577
    CSI 1.36
    rCSI 4.82%
    PRS 78.51
  • kidney loop of Henle thick ascending limb epithelial cell CL1001106
    CSI 1.11
    rCSI 9.58%
    PRS 68.21
  • enterocyte of epithelium of large intestine CL0002071
    CSI 1.09
    rCSI 5.74%
    PRS 79.84
  • granulocyte CL0000094
    CSI 0.93
    rCSI 1.42%
    PRS 81.1
  • peptic cell CL0000155
    CSI 0.3
    rCSI 2.92%
    PRS 86.08
  • epithelial cell of urethra CL1000296
    CSI 0.24
    rCSI 6.14%
    PRS 83.74

Cell ID: Standard Cell Ontology term used for mapping and comparing cells across experiments. Ensures consistency in analyzing cellular functions across tissues.
Fold Change: Represents the ratio of the current Cell Significance Index to the Cell Significance Index Threshold, indicating how much the gene expression has changed compared to a baseline.
Cell Significance Index: Reflects how strongly a gene is expressed in this specific cell.

Cell ID: Standard Cell Ontology term used for mapping and comparing cells across experiments. Ensures consistency in analyzing cellular functions across tissues.
Fold Change: Represents the ratio of the current Cell Significance Index to the Cell Significance Index Threshold, indicating how much the gene expression has changed compared to a baseline.
Cell Significance Index: Reflects how strongly a gene is expressed in this cell type. Calculated using techniques like effect size estimation and bootstrapping for reliability.

Cell ID: Standard Cell Ontology term used for mapping and comparing cells across experiments. Ensures consistency in analyzing cellular functions across tissues.
Fold Change: Represents the ratio of the current Cell Significance Index to the Cell Significance Index Threshold, indicating how much the gene expression has changed compared to a baseline.
Cell Significance Index: Reflects how strongly a gene is expressed in this cell type. Calculated using techniques like effect size estimation and bootstrapping for reliability.
Network Configuration

Explore relationships of the current gene. Select an Interaction Source: 'ONTOLOGY' for shared pathways (GO/Reactome) or 'STRING' for protein-protein interactions. Further refine by selecting context genes and comparing Cell Significance Index (CSI) scores between baseline and target cell types and their specific contexts.

Comma-separated if multiple.
Comma-separated if multiple.
Legend:
  • Query Gene
  • Node Color (Target Cell CSI, relative to current network):
    • Very High
    • High
    • Medium
    • Low
    • Very Low
    • CSI N/A
  • Node Size: Proportional to Target Cell CSI magnitude
  • STRING PPI Edge
  • Shared Pathway Edge (ONTOLOGY)

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Other Information

This section provides additional information about the gene, including a description generated by an AI language model and details about associated proteins.

## Summary [LCN2](/details-gene/3934) (lipocalin 2) is a protein-coding gene located on chromosome 9q34.11. As a member of the lipocalin superfamily, it functions as a secreted protein primarily involved in the innate immune response, particularly in antimicrobial defense through iron sequestration [Link](https://doi.org/10.1016/s1097-2765(02)00710-4). Initially identified as a protein associated with gelatinase in human neutrophils [Link](https://doi.org/10.1016/s0021-9258(18)82217-7), its expression is highly significant in a wide array of mucosal and glandular epithelial cells. Its function is pleiotropic, extending to iron transport, regulation of apoptosis, and modulation of inflammatory signaling pathways. Clinically, [LCN2](/details-gene/3934) is recognized as a biomarker for various inflammatory conditions and diseases, with a corresponding entry in OMIM ([600181](https://omim.org/entry/600181)). ## Cellular Roles and Expression Landscape The expression profile of [LCN2](/details-gene/3934) highlights its critical role in mucosal and barrier tissues. **Overall**, the gene shows the highest significance in secretory and epithelial cell types that form the first line of defense against environmental insults. Its most prominent expression is observed in [duct epithelial cell](/details-cell/CL0000068) (CSI: 45.71), suggesting a major role in glandular secretions. This is strongly supported by its high significance in various goblet cells, including [nasal mucosa goblet cell](/details-cell/CL0002480) (CSI: 43.18), [tracheal goblet cell](/details-cell/CL1000329) (CSI: 30.39), and [bronchial goblet cell](/details-cell/CL1000312) (CSI: 16.58). This pattern establishes [LCN2](/details-gene/3934) as a key component of the mucus layer in the respiratory tract. Its high expression extends to other specialized secretory cells such as [mucous neck cell](/details-cell/CL0000651) in the stomach and [Paneth cell](/details-cell/CL0000510) in the intestine, underscoring a broad function in gastrointestinal immunity. The gene is also a defining marker for multiple ciliated and non-ciliated epithelial cell types, including [multi-ciliated epithelial cell](/details-cell/CL0005012), [squamous epithelial cell](/details-cell/CL0000076), and [epithelial cell of lower respiratory tract](/details-cell/CL0002632). This widespread epithelial expression suggests that [LCN2](/details-gene/3934) contributes fundamentally to the protective functions of epithelial barriers across diverse organ systems, from the respiratory and digestive tracts to the reproductive system, as indicated by its expression in [fallopian tube secretory epithelial cell](/details-cell/CL4030006). ## Pathways and Molecular Function The functions of [LCN2](/details-gene/3934) are tightly linked to the innate immune system and metal ion transport, which is consistent with its cellular expression profile in barrier tissues. Functionally, [LCN2](/details-gene/3934) is deeply involved in the `Defense response to bacterium` ([GO:0042742](https://www.ebi.ac.uk/QuickGO/term/GO:0042742)) as part of the `Innate immune response` ([GO:0045087](https://www.ebi.ac.uk/QuickGO/term/GO:0045087)). This is corroborated by its inclusion in the `Antimicrobial peptides` pathway ([R-HSA-6803157](https://reactome.org/content/detail/R-HSA-6803157)). The primary mechanism for this antimicrobial activity is its molecular function as an iron-sequestering protein (`Iron ion sequestering activity` [GO:0140315](https://www.ebi.ac.uk/QuickGO/term/GO:0140315))), which it achieves through `Enterobactin binding` ([GO:1903981](https://www.ebi.ac.uk/QuickGO/term/GO:1903981)) and subsequent `Siderophore transport` ([GO:0015891](https://www.ebi.ac.uk/QuickGO/term/GO:0015891)). By binding to bacterial siderophores, [LCN2](/details-gene/3934) effectively deprives invading bacteria of essential iron, a process detailed in the `Metal sequestration by antimicrobial proteins` pathway ([R-HSA-6799990](https://reactome.org/content/detail/R-HSA-6799990)). Beyond its direct antimicrobial role, [LCN2](/details-gene/3934) is implicated in broader immune signaling, as shown by its involvement in `Cytokine signaling in immune system` ([R-HSA-1280215](https://reactome.org/content/detail/R-HSA-1280215)) and `Signaling by interleukins` ([R-HSA-449147](https://reactome.org/content/detail/R-HSA-449147)). As its name suggests, it is a component of neutrophil specific granules (`Specific granule lumen` [GO:0035580](https://www.ebi.ac.uk/QuickGO/term/GO:0035580)) and is released during `Neutrophil degranulation` ([R-HSA-6798695](https://reactome.org/content/detail/R-HSA-6798695)), linking epithelial defense with the rapid response of professional immune cells. Its presence in the `Extracellular region` ([GO:0005576](https://www.ebi.ac.uk/QuickGO/term/GO:0005576)) and `Extracellular exosome` ([GO:0070062](https://www.ebi.ac.uk/QuickGO/term/GO:0070062)) facilitates its role as a signaling molecule and a mobile antimicrobial agent. ## Research Directions The data firmly establish [LCN2](/details-gene/3934) as a central component of mucosal immunity. Future research should focus on the specific regulation of this gene in response to pathogens and its broader homeostatic functions in epithelial tissues. **Proposed Hypotheses:** 1. The high expression of [LCN2](/details-gene/3934) in respiratory goblet and epithelial cells is dynamically regulated by specific pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs). Its induction may be a primary, non-redundant mechanism for controlling the growth of siderophore-dependent bacteria in the airway mucus layer. 2. Beyond its role in innate immunity, [LCN2](/details-gene/3934) acts as a critical regulator of iron homeostasis in mucosal tissues. Its constitutive expression in secretory cells helps prevent local iron overload and subsequent oxidative damage, thereby maintaining epithelial integrity. **Experimental Approach:** To test the first hypothesis, an *in vitro* model using primary human bronchial epithelial cells differentiated at an air-liquid interface (ALI) would be highly informative. These cultures, which naturally form a polarized epithelium with mucus-producing goblet cells, could be challenged with either live siderophore-producing bacteria (e.g., *Klebsiella pneumoniae*) or purified bacterial components like LPS. The expression and secretion of [LCN2](/details-gene/3934) could be quantified by qRT-PCR and ELISA, respectively. Subsequently, CRISPR-Cas9-mediated knockout of [LCN2](/details-gene/3934) in these cultures would allow for a direct assessment of its contribution to bacteriostasis by measuring bacterial growth in the apical mucus layer compared to wild-type controls. **Therapeutic Potential:** The dual role of [LCN2](/details-gene/3934) presents a complex therapeutic landscape. As a secreted antimicrobial protein, recombinant human [LCN2](/details-gene/3934) could be explored as a potential topical therapeutic agent for antibiotic-resistant respiratory or skin infections. Conversely, [LCN2](/details-gene/3934) is often highly upregulated in chronic inflammatory diseases and certain cancers, where it can promote cell survival and proliferation. In these contexts, [LCN2](/details-gene/3934) could be a target for inhibition. Development of neutralizing monoclonal antibodies or small molecule inhibitors that block its interaction with its receptors could represent a viable strategy to mitigate its pro-inflammatory or pro-tumorigenic effects.

Genular Protein ID: 3848438305

Symbol: NGAL_HUMAN

Name: Lipocalin-2

UniProtKB Accession Codes:

P80188 A6NII8 B4DWV4 B7ZAA2 P30150 Q5SYV9 Q5SYW0 Q6FGL5 Q92683

Database IDs:

ABCD 1 AGR 1 AlphaFoldDB 1 Antibodypedia 1 BMRB 1 Bgee 1 BindingDB 1 BioGRID 1 BioGRID-ORCS 1 BioMuta 1 CCDS 1 CDD 1 CPTAC 1 CTD 1 ChEBI 6 ChiTaRS 1 DIP 1 DMDM 1 DNASU 1 DisGeNET 1 DrugBank 6 EMBL 9 EMDB 1 Ensembl 2 EvolutionaryTrace 1 ExpressionAtlas 1 GO 13 Gene3D 1 GeneCards 1 GeneTree 1 GeneWiki 1 GenomeRNAi 1 GlyConnect 1 GlyCosmos 1 GlyGen 1 HGNC 1 HPA 1 InParanoid 1 IntAct 1 InterPro 5 KEGG 1 MANE-Select 1 MIM 1 MINT 1 MassIVE 1 MoonDB 1 NCBI Taxonomy 1 OMA 1 OpenTargets 1 OrthoDB 1 PANTHER 2 PDB 56 PDBsum 56 PIR 1 PRIDE 1 PRINTS 2 PRO 1 PROSITE 1 PathwayCommons 1 PaxDb 1 PeptideAtlas 1 Pfam 1 PharmGKB 1 Pharos 1 PhosphoSitePlus 1 PhylomeDB 1 Proteomes 1 ProteomicsDB 2 Pumba 1 RNAct 1 Reactome 4 RefSeq 1 SIGNOR 1 SMR 1 STRING 1 SUPFAM 1 SignaLink 1 SwissPalm 1 TreeFam 1 UCSC 1 VEuPathDB 1 eggNOG 1 iPTMnet 1 jPOST 1 neXtProt 1

Citations:

PubMed ID: 8060329

Title: Molecular cloning and expression of a cDNA encoding NGAL: a lipocalin expressed in human neutrophils.

PubMed ID: 8060329

DOI: 10.1006/bbrc.1994.2096

PubMed ID: 9339356

Title: Molecular characterization and pattern of tissue expression of the gene for neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin from humans.

PubMed ID: 9339356

DOI: 10.1006/geno.1997.4896

PubMed ID: 14702039

Title: Complete sequencing and characterization of 21,243 full-length human cDNAs.

PubMed ID: 14702039

DOI: 10.1038/ng1285

PubMed ID: 15164053

Title: DNA sequence and analysis of human chromosome 9.

PubMed ID: 15164053

DOI: 10.1038/nature02465

PubMed ID: 15489334

Title: The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC).

PubMed ID: 15489334

DOI: 10.1101/gr.2596504

PubMed ID: 7835423

Title: Cloning and expression of human neutrophil lipocalin cDNA derived from bone marrow and ovarian cancer cells.

PubMed ID: 7835423

DOI: 10.1016/0014-5793(94)01303-i

PubMed ID: 7683678

Title: Isolation and primary structure of NGAL, a novel protein associated with human neutrophil gelatinase.

PubMed ID: 7683678

DOI: 10.1016/s0021-9258(18)82217-7

PubMed ID: 1281792

Title: A 25 kDa alpha 2-microglobulin-related protein is a component of the 125 kDa form of human gelatinase.

PubMed ID: 1281792

DOI: 10.1016/0014-5793(92)81511-j

PubMed ID: 8298140

Title: Identification of neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin as a novel matrix protein of specific granules in human neutrophils.

PubMed ID: 8298140

PubMed ID: 12453413

Title: An iron delivery pathway mediated by a lipocalin.

PubMed ID: 12453413

DOI: 10.1016/s1097-2765(02)00710-4

PubMed ID: 15084671

Title: A proteomic analysis of human bile.

PubMed ID: 15084671

DOI: 10.1074/mcp.m400015-mcp200

PubMed ID: 16335952

Title: Human plasma N-glycoproteome analysis by immunoaffinity subtraction, hydrazide chemistry, and mass spectrometry.

PubMed ID: 16335952

DOI: 10.1021/pr0502065

PubMed ID: 16740002

Title: Identification of N-linked glycoproteins in human saliva by glycoprotein capture and mass spectrometry.

PubMed ID: 16740002

DOI: 10.1021/pr050492k

PubMed ID: 19229297

Title: Transcription and signalling pathways involved in BCR-ABL-mediated misregulation of 24p3 and 24p3R.

PubMed ID: 19229297

DOI: 10.1038/emboj.2009.35

PubMed ID: 19159218

Title: Glycoproteomics analysis of human liver tissue by combination of multiple enzyme digestion and hydrazide chemistry.

PubMed ID: 19159218

DOI: 10.1021/pr8008012

PubMed ID: 27780864

Title: Human Metabolome-derived Cofactors Are Required for the Antibacterial Activity of Siderocalin in Urine.

PubMed ID: 27780864

DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m116.759183

PubMed ID: 21269460

Title: Initial characterization of the human central proteome.

PubMed ID: 21269460

DOI: 10.1186/1752-0509-5-17

PubMed ID: 30418175

Title: Insulin receptor signaling regulates renal collecting duct and intercalated cell antibacterial defenses.

PubMed ID: 30418175

DOI: 10.1172/jci98595

PubMed ID: 10684642

Title: Ligand preference inferred from the structure of neutrophil gelatinase associated lipocalin.

PubMed ID: 10684642

DOI: 10.1021/bi992215v

PubMed ID: 10339412

Title: The solution structure and dynamics of human neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin.

PubMed ID: 10339412

DOI: 10.1006/jmbi.1999.2755

PubMed ID: 12453412

Title: The neutrophil lipocalin NGAL is a bacteriostatic agent that interferes with siderophore-mediated iron acquisition.

PubMed ID: 12453412

DOI: 10.1016/s1097-2765(02)00708-6

PubMed ID: 15642259

Title: Siderocalin (Lcn 2) also binds carboxymycobactins, potentially defending against mycobacterial infections through iron sequestration.

PubMed ID: 15642259

DOI: 10.1016/j.str.2004.10.009

PubMed ID: 20581821

Title: Iron traffics in circulation bound to a siderocalin (Ngal)-catechol complex.

PubMed ID: 20581821

DOI: 10.1038/nchembio.402

PubMed ID: 21978368

Title: Immune interference in Mycobacterium tuberculosis intracellular iron acquisition through siderocalin recognition of carboxymycobactins.

PubMed ID: 21978368

DOI: 10.1021/cb200331g

Sequence Information:

  • Length: 198
  • Mass: 22588
  • Checksum: CD761805723FEF1E
  • Sequence:
    • MPLGLLWLGL ALLGALHAQA QDSTSDLIPA PPLSKVPLQQ NFQDNQFQGK WYVVGLAGNA 
ILREDKDPQK MYATIYELKE DKSYNVTSVL FRKKKCDYWI RTFVPGCQPG EFTLGNIKSY 
PGLTSYLVRV VSTNYNQHAM VFFKKVSQNR EYFKITLYGR TKELTSELKE NFIRFSKSLG 
LPENHIVFPV PIDQCIDG