Details for: CD99

Gene ID: 4267

Symbol: CD99

Ensembl ID: ENSG00000002586

Description: CD99 molecule (Xg blood group)

Associated with

Cells (max top 100)

(Cell Significance Index and respective Thresholds are uniquely calculated using our advanced thresholding algorithms to reveal cell-specific gene markers)

  • Cell Name: embryonic stem cell (CL0002322)
    Fold Change: 228.5485
    Cell Significance Index: -94.1500
  • Cell Name: mucosal type mast cell (CL0000485)
    Fold Change: 209.6702
    Cell Significance Index: -85.1800
  • Cell Name: smooth muscle fiber of ileum (CL1000278)
    Fold Change: 194.6952
    Cell Significance Index: -91.9200
  • Cell Name: peripheral blood mononuclear cell (CL2000001)
    Fold Change: 183.0146
    Cell Significance Index: -94.1400
  • Cell Name: ileal goblet cell (CL1000326)
    Fold Change: 138.3114
    Cell Significance Index: -92.8100
  • Cell Name: ciliated cell of the bronchus (CL0002332)
    Fold Change: 90.1290
    Cell Significance Index: -86.0500
  • Cell Name: CD8-positive, alpha-beta regulatory T cell (CL0000795)
    Fold Change: 22.3966
    Cell Significance Index: -68.7900
  • Cell Name: epidermal Langerhans cell (CL0002457)
    Fold Change: 21.5893
    Cell Significance Index: -47.2500
  • Cell Name: microcirculation associated smooth muscle cell (CL0008035)
    Fold Change: 12.1419
    Cell Significance Index: 101.9900
  • Cell Name: enterocyte of epithelium of small intestine (CL1000334)
    Fold Change: 12.0113
    Cell Significance Index: 346.0700
  • Cell Name: basal cell of prostate epithelium (CL0002341)
    Fold Change: 7.7442
    Cell Significance Index: 210.7900
  • Cell Name: mature alpha-beta T cell (CL0000791)
    Fold Change: 7.2806
    Cell Significance Index: 39.7000
  • Cell Name: CD8-alpha-beta-positive, alpha-beta intraepithelial T cell (CL0000796)
    Fold Change: 6.7193
    Cell Significance Index: -18.0000
  • Cell Name: CD4-positive, alpha-beta memory T cell, CD45RO-positive (CL0001204)
    Fold Change: 6.1637
    Cell Significance Index: 181.0200
  • Cell Name: fibroblast of dermis (CL0002551)
    Fold Change: 6.1543
    Cell Significance Index: 128.8200
  • Cell Name: intestinal crypt stem cell of small intestine (CL0009017)
    Fold Change: 5.3817
    Cell Significance Index: 114.6200
  • Cell Name: theca cell (CL0000503)
    Fold Change: 5.2732
    Cell Significance Index: 30.9800
  • Cell Name: granulosa cell (CL0000501)
    Fold Change: 4.3661
    Cell Significance Index: 114.8100
  • Cell Name: early pro-B cell (CL0002046)
    Fold Change: 4.2195
    Cell Significance Index: 272.2200
  • Cell Name: stromal cell of ovary (CL0002132)
    Fold Change: 4.1078
    Cell Significance Index: 564.1200
  • Cell Name: endothelial cell of venule (CL1000414)
    Fold Change: 3.8916
    Cell Significance Index: 44.2100
  • Cell Name: interstitial cell of ovary (CL0002094)
    Fold Change: 3.7652
    Cell Significance Index: 48.2200
  • Cell Name: lung endothelial cell (CL1001567)
    Fold Change: 3.5496
    Cell Significance Index: 184.9000
  • Cell Name: odontoblast (CL0000060)
    Fold Change: 2.6983
    Cell Significance Index: 345.9100
  • Cell Name: vascular lymphangioblast (CL0005022)
    Fold Change: 2.5878
    Cell Significance Index: 45.7300
  • Cell Name: pulmonary interstitial fibroblast (CL0002241)
    Fold Change: 2.3866
    Cell Significance Index: 14.7700
  • Cell Name: skeletal muscle fibroblast (CL0011027)
    Fold Change: 2.1519
    Cell Significance Index: 14.5800
  • Cell Name: basal cell of urothelium (CL1000486)
    Fold Change: 1.9953
    Cell Significance Index: 245.3400
  • Cell Name: tuft cell of colon (CL0009041)
    Fold Change: 1.9310
    Cell Significance Index: 1743.5800
  • Cell Name: umbrella cell of urothelium (CL4030056)
    Fold Change: 1.9058
    Cell Significance Index: 17.5500
  • Cell Name: fibroblast of mammary gland (CL0002555)
    Fold Change: 1.8862
    Cell Significance Index: 54.0700
  • Cell Name: cell in vitro (CL0001034)
    Fold Change: 1.7812
    Cell Significance Index: 972.7400
  • Cell Name: tonsil germinal center B cell (CL2000006)
    Fold Change: 1.6066
    Cell Significance Index: 189.4700
  • Cell Name: neoplastic cell (CL0001063)
    Fold Change: 1.5436
    Cell Significance Index: 306.3400
  • Cell Name: intermediate cell of urothelium (CL4030055)
    Fold Change: 1.4626
    Cell Significance Index: 263.6600
  • Cell Name: hair follicular keratinocyte (CL2000092)
    Fold Change: 1.4041
    Cell Significance Index: 620.8000
  • Cell Name: cardiac muscle myoblast (CL0000513)
    Fold Change: 1.3974
    Cell Significance Index: 107.2400
  • Cell Name: prostate gland microvascular endothelial cell (CL2000059)
    Fold Change: 1.2566
    Cell Significance Index: 9.0300
  • Cell Name: progenitor cell of mammary luminal epithelium (CL0009116)
    Fold Change: 1.1267
    Cell Significance Index: 83.9700
  • Cell Name: acinar cell of salivary gland (CL0002623)
    Fold Change: 1.1054
    Cell Significance Index: 51.5400
  • Cell Name: pancreatic acinar cell (CL0002064)
    Fold Change: 1.0139
    Cell Significance Index: 173.1300
  • Cell Name: skeletal muscle fiber (CL0008002)
    Fold Change: 1.0099
    Cell Significance Index: 25.9600
  • Cell Name: fibro/adipogenic progenitor cell (CL0009099)
    Fold Change: 0.9971
    Cell Significance Index: 50.3900
  • Cell Name: CD14-positive, CD16-negative classical monocyte (CL0002057)
    Fold Change: 0.9463
    Cell Significance Index: 17.4900
  • Cell Name: sebum secreting cell (CL0000317)
    Fold Change: 0.7077
    Cell Significance Index: 50.0500
  • Cell Name: microfold cell of epithelium of small intestine (CL1000353)
    Fold Change: 0.5482
    Cell Significance Index: 37.9100
  • Cell Name: endothelial cell of placenta (CL0009092)
    Fold Change: 0.4287
    Cell Significance Index: 2.5900
  • Cell Name: cardiac muscle cell (CL0000746)
    Fold Change: 0.2970
    Cell Significance Index: 4.3900
  • Cell Name: pancreatic A cell (CL0000171)
    Fold Change: 0.2951
    Cell Significance Index: 218.5700
  • Cell Name: colon goblet cell (CL0009039)
    Fold Change: 0.1771
    Cell Significance Index: 17.5200
  • Cell Name: paneth cell of epithelium of small intestine (CL1000343)
    Fold Change: 0.1560
    Cell Significance Index: 3.3800
  • Cell Name: mesonephric nephron tubule epithelial cell (CL1000022)
    Fold Change: 0.1437
    Cell Significance Index: 4.9900
  • Cell Name: anterior lens cell (CL0002223)
    Fold Change: 0.0918
    Cell Significance Index: 169.3000
  • Cell Name: peg cell (CL4033014)
    Fold Change: 0.0636
    Cell Significance Index: 1.4700
  • Cell Name: placental villous trophoblast (CL2000060)
    Fold Change: 0.0633
    Cell Significance Index: 1.6900
  • Cell Name: enteroendocrine cell of colon (CL0009042)
    Fold Change: 0.0626
    Cell Significance Index: 11.9200
  • Cell Name: lens epithelial cell (CL0002224)
    Fold Change: 0.0486
    Cell Significance Index: 74.8200
  • Cell Name: luminal cell of prostate epithelium (CL0002340)
    Fold Change: 0.0459
    Cell Significance Index: 0.4800
  • Cell Name: pigmented epithelial cell (CL0000529)
    Fold Change: 0.0262
    Cell Significance Index: 49.3400
  • Cell Name: secondary lens fiber (CL0002225)
    Fold Change: 0.0212
    Cell Significance Index: 28.8400
  • Cell Name: pigmented ciliary epithelial cell (CL0002303)
    Fold Change: -0.0088
    Cell Significance Index: -1.2800
  • Cell Name: transit amplifying cell of colon (CL0009011)
    Fold Change: -0.0170
    Cell Significance Index: -0.5500
  • Cell Name: pulmonary alveolar epithelial cell (CL0000322)
    Fold Change: -0.0366
    Cell Significance Index: -27.7000
  • Cell Name: obsolete caudal ganglionic eminence derived GABAergic cortical interneuron (CL4023070)
    Fold Change: -0.0518
    Cell Significance Index: -18.5900
  • Cell Name: abnormal cell (CL0001061)
    Fold Change: -0.0536
    Cell Significance Index: -5.4800
  • Cell Name: ciliary muscle cell (CL1000443)
    Fold Change: -0.0594
    Cell Significance Index: -26.9800
  • Cell Name: type B pancreatic cell (CL0000169)
    Fold Change: -0.0713
    Cell Significance Index: -40.2400
  • Cell Name: non-pigmented ciliary epithelial cell (CL0002304)
    Fold Change: -0.0903
    Cell Significance Index: -57.3200
  • Cell Name: dopaminergic neuron (CL0000700)
    Fold Change: -0.1046
    Cell Significance Index: -30.0900
  • Cell Name: kidney loop of Henle cortical thick ascending limb epithelial cell (CL1001109)
    Fold Change: -0.1051
    Cell Significance Index: -77.0400
  • Cell Name: pancreatic PP cell (CL0002275)
    Fold Change: -0.1727
    Cell Significance Index: -107.8700
  • Cell Name: small intestine goblet cell (CL1000495)
    Fold Change: -0.1877
    Cell Significance Index: -6.6000
  • Cell Name: pro-T cell (CL0000827)
    Fold Change: -0.2861
    Cell Significance Index: -7.3100
  • Cell Name: gut endothelial cell (CL0000131)
    Fold Change: -0.2963
    Cell Significance Index: -2.0400
  • Cell Name: pancreatic D cell (CL0000173)
    Fold Change: -0.3184
    Cell Significance Index: -67.0700
  • Cell Name: L2/3-6 intratelencephalic projecting glutamatergic neuron (CL4023040)
    Fold Change: -0.3818
    Cell Significance Index: -76.5800
  • Cell Name: paneth cell of colon (CL0009009)
    Fold Change: -0.4004
    Cell Significance Index: -6.0000
  • Cell Name: luminal adaptive secretory precursor cell of mammary gland (CL4033057)
    Fold Change: -0.4143
    Cell Significance Index: -19.4700
  • Cell Name: lactocyte (CL0002325)
    Fold Change: -0.4495
    Cell Significance Index: -58.0800
  • Cell Name: gut absorptive cell (CL0000677)
    Fold Change: -0.4761
    Cell Significance Index: -28.5800
  • Cell Name: pancreatic ductal cell (CL0002079)
    Fold Change: -0.4967
    Cell Significance Index: -56.9100
  • Cell Name: mesenchymal cell (CL0008019)
    Fold Change: -0.4983
    Cell Significance Index: -8.3400
  • Cell Name: basal epithelial cell of tracheobronchial tree (CL0002329)
    Fold Change: -0.6929
    Cell Significance Index: -19.3700
  • Cell Name: skeletal muscle myoblast (CL0000515)
    Fold Change: -0.7920
    Cell Significance Index: -8.6100
  • Cell Name: smooth muscle cell of sphincter of pupil (CL0002243)
    Fold Change: -0.7996
    Cell Significance Index: -83.2600
  • Cell Name: neutrophil progenitor cell (CL0000834)
    Fold Change: -0.9148
    Cell Significance Index: -24.4700
  • Cell Name: retinal progenitor cell (CL0002672)
    Fold Change: -0.9776
    Cell Significance Index: -54.8600
  • Cell Name: cortical cell of adrenal gland (CL0002097)
    Fold Change: -1.0066
    Cell Significance Index: -26.9700
  • Cell Name: kidney loop of Henle descending limb epithelial cell (CL1001021)
    Fold Change: -1.1520
    Cell Significance Index: -91.2400
  • Cell Name: intestinal tuft cell (CL0019032)
    Fold Change: -1.2014
    Cell Significance Index: -73.6600
  • Cell Name: astrocyte of the cerebral cortex (CL0002605)
    Fold Change: -1.4147
    Cell Significance Index: -24.4600
  • Cell Name: glycinergic neuron (CL1001509)
    Fold Change: -1.4683
    Cell Significance Index: -77.0900
  • Cell Name: intestinal epithelial cell (CL0002563)
    Fold Change: -1.6857
    Cell Significance Index: -17.4500
  • Cell Name: type I muscle cell (CL0002211)
    Fold Change: -1.6914
    Cell Significance Index: -41.2700
  • Cell Name: regular ventricular cardiac myocyte (CL0002131)
    Fold Change: -1.7391
    Cell Significance Index: -22.3000
  • Cell Name: neuron associated cell (CL0000095)
    Fold Change: -1.7888
    Cell Significance Index: -73.3000
  • Cell Name: cerebral cortex endothelial cell (CL1001602)
    Fold Change: -1.9368
    Cell Significance Index: -39.4100
  • Cell Name: kidney epithelial cell (CL0002518)
    Fold Change: -2.0040
    Cell Significance Index: -59.0300
  • Cell Name: kidney cell (CL1000497)
    Fold Change: -2.0515
    Cell Significance Index: -16.3800
  • Cell Name: hepatic pit cell (CL2000054)
    Fold Change: -2.0587
    Cell Significance Index: -5.5200

Cell ID: Standard Cell Ontology term used for mapping and comparing cells across experiments. Ensures consistency in analyzing cellular functions across tissues.
Fold Change: Represents the ratio of the current Cell Significance Index to the Cell Significance Index Threshold, indicating how much the gene expression has changed compared to a baseline.
Cell Significance Index: Reflects how strongly a gene is expressed in this specific cell.

Cell ID: Standard Cell Ontology term used for mapping and comparing cells across experiments. Ensures consistency in analyzing cellular functions across tissues.
Fold Change: Represents the ratio of the current Cell Significance Index to the Cell Significance Index Threshold, indicating how much the gene expression has changed compared to a baseline.
Cell Significance Index: Reflects how strongly a gene is expressed in this cell type. Calculated using techniques like effect size estimation and bootstrapping for reliability.

Cell ID: Standard Cell Ontology term used for mapping and comparing cells across experiments. Ensures consistency in analyzing cellular functions across tissues.
Fold Change: Represents the ratio of the current Cell Significance Index to the Cell Significance Index Threshold, indicating how much the gene expression has changed compared to a baseline.
Cell Significance Index: Reflects how strongly a gene is expressed in this cell type. Calculated using techniques like effect size estimation and bootstrapping for reliability.

Other Information

**Key Characteristics** CD99 is a non-classical major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I molecule, which distinguishes it from traditional MHC class I molecules. Its distinctive structure, consisting of an extracellular domain, a transmembrane domain, and an intracellular tail, enables it to interact with various ligands and signaling molecules. CD99 is also a member of the scavenger receptor family, which allows it to bind to a range of ligands, including proteins, lipids, and carbohydrates. This versatility in ligand binding contributes to its diverse roles in the immune system. **Pathways and Functions** CD99's involvement in multiple signaling pathways highlights its multifunctional nature. Some of its key pathways include: 1. **Adaptive Immune System**: CD99 interacts with T cells, facilitating their extravasation and migration into tissues. This process is crucial for the initiation of immune responses and the regulation of inflammation. 2. **Cell Surface Interactions at the Vascular Wall**: CD99 binds to endothelial cells, regulating their adhesion and migration. This interaction is essential for maintaining vascular homeostasis and preventing excessive inflammation. 3. **Immune Regulatory Interactions between Lymphoid and Non-Lymphoid Cells**: CD99 interacts with non-lymphoid cells, such as cardiac muscle cells and pancreatic acinar cells, to regulate their immune responses and tissue homeostasis. 4. **Protein Binding**: CD99's extracellular domain binds to a range of proteins, including chemokines, cytokines, and adhesion molecules, which modulates its signaling activity. **Clinical Significance** CD99's dysregulation has been implicated in various diseases, including: 1. **Leukemia**: CD99 is overexpressed in certain types of leukemia, such as Ewing's sarcoma and acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). This overexpression is often associated with poor prognosis and reduced survival rates. 2. **Inflammatory Disorders**: CD99's involvement in regulating inflammation and immune responses makes it a potential target for the treatment of inflammatory diseases, such as rheumatoid arthritis and atherosclerosis. 3. **Cancer Metastasis**: CD99's role in facilitating T cell extravasation and migration into tissues may contribute to cancer metastasis. Understanding its involvement in this process may lead to the development of novel therapeutic strategies. In conclusion, CD99 is a multifunctional protein that plays a critical role in regulating immune responses, cell migration, and tissue homeostasis. Its dysregulation has been implicated in various diseases, highlighting the need for further research into its signaling pathways and clinical significance.

Genular Protein ID: 2111858126

Symbol: CD99_HUMAN

Name: CD99 antigen

UniProtKB Accession Codes:

P14209 A6NIW1 O00518 Q6ICV7

Database IDs:

ABCD 1 AGR 1 AlphaFoldDB 1 Antibodypedia 1 Bgee 1 BioGRID 1 BioGRID-ORCS 1 BioMuta 1 CCDS 3 CTD 1 ChiTaRS 1 DMDM 1 DNASU 1 DisGeNET 1 EMBL 14 Ensembl 10 ExpressionAtlas 1 GO 6 GeneCards 1 GeneTree 1 GeneWiki 1 GenomeRNAi 1 GlyConnect 1 GlyCosmos 1 GlyGen 1 HGNC 1 HOGENOM 1 HPA 1 InParanoid 1 IntAct 1 InterPro 1 KEGG 1 MANE-Select 1 MIM 2 MINT 1 MassIVE 1 NCBI Taxonomy 1 OMA 1 OpenTargets 1 OrthoDB 1 PANTHER 2 PDB 1 PDBsum 1 PIR 1 PRO 1 PathwayCommons 1 PaxDb 1 PeptideAtlas 1 Pfam 1 PharmGKB 1 Pharos 1 PhosphoSitePlus 1 PhylomeDB 1 Proteomes 2 ProteomicsDB 3 Pumba 1 RNAct 1 Reactome 2 RefSeq 5 SMR 1 STRING 1 SignaLink 1 SwissPalm 1 TreeFam 1 UCSC 1 VEuPathDB 1 eggNOG 1 iPTMnet 1 jPOST 1 neXtProt 1

Citations:

PubMed ID: 2479542

Title: The E2 antigen, a 32 kd glycoprotein involved in T-cell adhesion processes, is the MIC2 gene product.

PubMed ID: 2479542

DOI: 10.1002/j.1460-2075.1989.tb08485.x

PubMed ID: 15772651

Title: The DNA sequence of the human X chromosome.

PubMed ID: 15772651

DOI: 10.1038/nature03440

PubMed ID: 15489334

Title: The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC).

PubMed ID: 15489334

DOI: 10.1101/gr.2596504

PubMed ID: 3472717

Title: Molecular genetics of MIC2: a gene shared by the human X and Y chromosomes.

PubMed ID: 3472717

DOI: 10.1101/sqb.1986.051.01.025

PubMed ID: 2456574

Title: Absence of methylation of a CpG-rich region at the 5' end of the MIC2 gene on the active X, the inactive X, and the Y chromosome.

PubMed ID: 2456574

DOI: 10.1073/pnas.85.15.5605

PubMed ID: 21269460

Title: Initial characterization of the human central proteome.

PubMed ID: 21269460

DOI: 10.1186/1752-0509-5-17

PubMed ID: 23186163

Title: Toward a comprehensive characterization of a human cancer cell phosphoproteome.

PubMed ID: 23186163

DOI: 10.1021/pr300630k

PubMed ID: 24275569

Title: An enzyme assisted RP-RPLC approach for in-depth analysis of human liver phosphoproteome.

PubMed ID: 24275569

DOI: 10.1016/j.jprot.2013.11.014

PubMed ID: 25944712

Title: N-terminome analysis of the human mitochondrial proteome.

PubMed ID: 25944712

DOI: 10.1002/pmic.201400617

Sequence Information:

  • Length: 185
  • Mass: 18848
  • Checksum: C302E09E6B022EAB
  • Sequence:
    • MARGAALALL LFGLLGVLVA APDGGFDLSD ALPDNENKKP TAIPKKPSAG DDFDLGDAVV 
DGENDDPRPP NPPKPMPNPN PNHPSSSGSF SDADLADGVS GGEGKGGSDG GGSHRKEGEE 
ADAPGVIPGI VGAVVVAVAG AISSFIAYQK KKLCFKENAE QGEVDMESHR NANAEPAVQR 
TLLEK

Genular Protein ID: 3438970569

Symbol: A0A096LP69_HUMAN

Name: N/A

UniProtKB Accession Codes:

A0A096LP69

Database IDs:

ARBA 5 Antibodypedia 1 Bgee 1 BioGRID-ORCS 1 CTD 1 ChiTaRS 1 DNASU 1 DisGeNET 1 EMBL 1 Ensembl 4 GO 1 GeneTree 1 HGNC 1 InterPro 1 NCBI Taxonomy 1 OrthoDB 1 PANTHER 2 PeptideAtlas 1 Pfam 1 Proteomes 2 ProteomicsDB 1 RefSeq 1 SAM 3 UCSC 1 VEuPathDB 1

Citations:

PubMed ID: 11237011

Title: Initial sequencing and analysis of the human genome.

PubMed ID: 11237011

DOI: 10.1038/35057062

PubMed ID: 12815422

Title: The male-specific region of the human Y chromosome is a mosaic of discrete sequence classes.

PubMed ID: 12815422

DOI: 10.1038/nature01722

PubMed ID: 15496913

Title: Finishing the euchromatic sequence of the human genome.

PubMed ID: 15496913

DOI: 10.1038/nature03001

PubMed ID: 15772651

Title: The DNA sequence of the human X chromosome.

PubMed ID: 15772651

DOI: 10.1038/nature03440

PubMed ID: 21269460

Title: Initial characterization of the human central proteome.

PubMed ID: 21269460

DOI: 10.1186/1752-0509-5-17

PubMed ID: 23186163

Title: Toward a comprehensive characterization of a human cancer cell phosphoproteome.

PubMed ID: 23186163

PubMed ID: 24275569

Title: An enzyme assisted RP-RPLC approach for in-depth analysis of human liver phosphoproteome.

PubMed ID: 24275569

DOI: 10.1016/j.jprot.2013.11.014

PubMed ID: 25944712

Title: N-terminome analysis of the human mitochondrial proteome.

PubMed ID: 25944712

Sequence Information:

  • Length: 184
  • Mass: 18777
  • Checksum: 4982CCD5E69DAE9B
  • Sequence:
    • MARGAALALL LFGLLGVLVA APDGGFDLSD ALPDNENKKP TAIPKKPSAG DDFDLGDAVV 
DGENDDPRPP NPPKPMPNPN PNHPSSSGSF SDADLADGVS GGEGKGGSDG GGSHRKEGEE 
ADAPGVIPGI VGAVVVAVAG AISSFIAYQK KKLCFKENEQ GEVDMESHRN ANAEPAVQRT 
LLEK

Database document:

This is a preview of the gene's schema. Only a few entries are kept for 'singleCellExpressions,' 'mRNAExpressions,' and other large data arrays for visualization purposes. You can zoom in with the mouse wheel for a closer view, and the text will adjust automatically if necessary. For the full schema, download it here.