Details for: YARS2

Gene ID: 51067

Symbol: YARS2

Ensembl ID: ENSG00000139131

Description: tyrosyl-tRNA synthetase 2

Associated with

Cells (max top 100)

(Cell Significance Index and respective Thresholds are uniquely calculated using our advanced thresholding algorithms to reveal cell-specific gene markers)

  • Cell Name: polychromatophilic erythroblast (CL0000550)
    Fold Change: 138.0467
    Cell Significance Index: -21.4700
  • Cell Name: hematopoietic oligopotent progenitor cell (CL0002032)
    Fold Change: 76.6430
    Cell Significance Index: -19.4400
  • Cell Name: mucosal type mast cell (CL0000485)
    Fold Change: 48.5099
    Cell Significance Index: -19.7100
  • Cell Name: ciliated cell of the bronchus (CL0002332)
    Fold Change: 20.8852
    Cell Significance Index: -19.9400
  • Cell Name: orthochromatic erythroblast (CL0000552)
    Fold Change: 18.4840
    Cell Significance Index: -22.7900
  • Cell Name: CD8-alpha-beta-positive, alpha-beta intraepithelial T cell (CL0000796)
    Fold Change: 7.9063
    Cell Significance Index: -21.1800
  • Cell Name: stromal cell of bone marrow (CL0010001)
    Fold Change: 5.8565
    Cell Significance Index: -23.1100
  • Cell Name: CD8-positive, alpha-beta regulatory T cell (CL0000795)
    Fold Change: 5.4974
    Cell Significance Index: -16.8900
  • Cell Name: enteroendocrine cell of colon (CL0009042)
    Fold Change: 2.6285
    Cell Significance Index: 500.2200
  • Cell Name: gut absorptive cell (CL0000677)
    Fold Change: 0.9253
    Cell Significance Index: 55.5500
  • Cell Name: tuft cell of colon (CL0009041)
    Fold Change: 0.8487
    Cell Significance Index: 766.2900
  • Cell Name: neoplastic cell (CL0001063)
    Fold Change: 0.8109
    Cell Significance Index: 160.9200
  • Cell Name: epithelial cell of stomach (CL0002178)
    Fold Change: 0.6973
    Cell Significance Index: 81.2600
  • Cell Name: epithelial cell of small intestine (CL0002254)
    Fold Change: 0.6930
    Cell Significance Index: 112.7100
  • Cell Name: L2/3-6 intratelencephalic projecting glutamatergic neuron (CL4023040)
    Fold Change: 0.6126
    Cell Significance Index: 122.8900
  • Cell Name: bladder urothelial cell (CL1001428)
    Fold Change: 0.6031
    Cell Significance Index: 31.3300
  • Cell Name: GABAergic interneuron (CL0011005)
    Fold Change: 0.5818
    Cell Significance Index: 402.3600
  • Cell Name: basal cell of prostate epithelium (CL0002341)
    Fold Change: 0.5764
    Cell Significance Index: 15.6900
  • Cell Name: acinar cell of salivary gland (CL0002623)
    Fold Change: 0.5199
    Cell Significance Index: 24.2400
  • Cell Name: placental villous trophoblast (CL2000060)
    Fold Change: 0.4678
    Cell Significance Index: 12.4900
  • Cell Name: retinal progenitor cell (CL0002672)
    Fold Change: 0.4637
    Cell Significance Index: 26.0200
  • Cell Name: conjunctival epithelial cell (CL1000432)
    Fold Change: 0.4060
    Cell Significance Index: 5.5400
  • Cell Name: microfold cell of epithelium of small intestine (CL1000353)
    Fold Change: 0.3664
    Cell Significance Index: 25.3400
  • Cell Name: pigmented ciliary epithelial cell (CL0002303)
    Fold Change: 0.3435
    Cell Significance Index: 49.9300
  • Cell Name: cell in vitro (CL0001034)
    Fold Change: 0.3416
    Cell Significance Index: 186.5500
  • Cell Name: obsolete caudal ganglionic eminence derived GABAergic cortical interneuron (CL4023070)
    Fold Change: 0.3226
    Cell Significance Index: 115.7100
  • Cell Name: intermediate cell of urothelium (CL4030055)
    Fold Change: 0.3159
    Cell Significance Index: 56.9500
  • Cell Name: basal cell of urothelium (CL1000486)
    Fold Change: 0.2819
    Cell Significance Index: 34.6700
  • Cell Name: cardiac muscle myoblast (CL0000513)
    Fold Change: 0.2660
    Cell Significance Index: 20.4100
  • Cell Name: cortical cell of adrenal gland (CL0002097)
    Fold Change: 0.2603
    Cell Significance Index: 6.9800
  • Cell Name: stromal cell of ovary (CL0002132)
    Fold Change: 0.2417
    Cell Significance Index: 33.1900
  • Cell Name: hair follicular keratinocyte (CL2000092)
    Fold Change: 0.2303
    Cell Significance Index: 101.8400
  • Cell Name: luminal adaptive secretory precursor cell of mammary gland (CL4033057)
    Fold Change: 0.2148
    Cell Significance Index: 10.1000
  • Cell Name: tonsil germinal center B cell (CL2000006)
    Fold Change: 0.2129
    Cell Significance Index: 25.1100
  • Cell Name: sebum secreting cell (CL0000317)
    Fold Change: 0.2091
    Cell Significance Index: 14.7900
  • Cell Name: colon goblet cell (CL0009039)
    Fold Change: 0.1826
    Cell Significance Index: 18.0600
  • Cell Name: enteroendocrine cell of small intestine (CL0009006)
    Fold Change: 0.1776
    Cell Significance Index: 4.4400
  • Cell Name: paneth cell of epithelium of small intestine (CL1000343)
    Fold Change: 0.1731
    Cell Significance Index: 3.7500
  • Cell Name: eye photoreceptor cell (CL0000287)
    Fold Change: 0.1642
    Cell Significance Index: 10.3500
  • Cell Name: mesonephric nephron tubule epithelial cell (CL1000022)
    Fold Change: 0.1609
    Cell Significance Index: 5.5900
  • Cell Name: fibroblast of dermis (CL0002551)
    Fold Change: 0.1495
    Cell Significance Index: 3.1300
  • Cell Name: enterocyte of epithelium of large intestine (CL0002071)
    Fold Change: 0.1368
    Cell Significance Index: 6.2000
  • Cell Name: indirect pathway medium spiny neuron (CL4023029)
    Fold Change: 0.1284
    Cell Significance Index: 5.6800
  • Cell Name: enterocyte of epithelium of small intestine (CL1000334)
    Fold Change: 0.1197
    Cell Significance Index: 3.4500
  • Cell Name: early pro-B cell (CL0002046)
    Fold Change: 0.1098
    Cell Significance Index: 7.0900
  • Cell Name: direct pathway medium spiny neuron (CL4023026)
    Fold Change: 0.0998
    Cell Significance Index: 3.7800
  • Cell Name: hippocampal granule cell (CL0001033)
    Fold Change: 0.0885
    Cell Significance Index: 5.9500
  • Cell Name: preadipocyte (CL0002334)
    Fold Change: 0.0835
    Cell Significance Index: 1.6300
  • Cell Name: basal epithelial cell of tracheobronchial tree (CL0002329)
    Fold Change: 0.0716
    Cell Significance Index: 2.0000
  • Cell Name: lactocyte (CL0002325)
    Fold Change: 0.0714
    Cell Significance Index: 9.2300
  • Cell Name: lung endothelial cell (CL1001567)
    Fold Change: 0.0559
    Cell Significance Index: 2.9100
  • Cell Name: cerebellar granule cell (CL0001031)
    Fold Change: 0.0508
    Cell Significance Index: 0.8700
  • Cell Name: pigmented epithelial cell (CL0000529)
    Fold Change: 0.0363
    Cell Significance Index: 68.3100
  • Cell Name: progenitor cell of mammary luminal epithelium (CL0009116)
    Fold Change: 0.0362
    Cell Significance Index: 2.7000
  • Cell Name: lens epithelial cell (CL0002224)
    Fold Change: 0.0334
    Cell Significance Index: 51.4000
  • Cell Name: anterior lens cell (CL0002223)
    Fold Change: 0.0275
    Cell Significance Index: 50.7500
  • Cell Name: odontoblast (CL0000060)
    Fold Change: 0.0161
    Cell Significance Index: 2.0600
  • Cell Name: skeletal muscle myoblast (CL0000515)
    Fold Change: 0.0110
    Cell Significance Index: 0.1200
  • Cell Name: secondary lens fiber (CL0002225)
    Fold Change: 0.0100
    Cell Significance Index: 13.5500
  • Cell Name: mesenchymal cell (CL0008019)
    Fold Change: 0.0072
    Cell Significance Index: 0.1200
  • Cell Name: non-pigmented ciliary epithelial cell (CL0002304)
    Fold Change: 0.0059
    Cell Significance Index: 3.7300
  • Cell Name: intestinal crypt stem cell of small intestine (CL0009017)
    Fold Change: 0.0014
    Cell Significance Index: 0.0300
  • Cell Name: small intestine goblet cell (CL1000495)
    Fold Change: -0.0068
    Cell Significance Index: -0.2400
  • Cell Name: ciliary muscle cell (CL1000443)
    Fold Change: -0.0114
    Cell Significance Index: -5.1600
  • Cell Name: kidney loop of Henle cortical thick ascending limb epithelial cell (CL1001109)
    Fold Change: -0.0169
    Cell Significance Index: -12.3900
  • Cell Name: pulmonary alveolar epithelial cell (CL0000322)
    Fold Change: -0.0252
    Cell Significance Index: -19.0400
  • Cell Name: pancreatic A cell (CL0000171)
    Fold Change: -0.0259
    Cell Significance Index: -19.1900
  • Cell Name: pancreatic acinar cell (CL0002064)
    Fold Change: -0.0260
    Cell Significance Index: -4.4400
  • Cell Name: type B pancreatic cell (CL0000169)
    Fold Change: -0.0365
    Cell Significance Index: -20.5800
  • Cell Name: pancreatic PP cell (CL0002275)
    Fold Change: -0.0406
    Cell Significance Index: -25.3800
  • Cell Name: abnormal cell (CL0001061)
    Fold Change: -0.0491
    Cell Significance Index: -5.0200
  • Cell Name: dopaminergic neuron (CL0000700)
    Fold Change: -0.0533
    Cell Significance Index: -15.3300
  • Cell Name: glycinergic neuron (CL1001509)
    Fold Change: -0.0745
    Cell Significance Index: -3.9100
  • Cell Name: Purkinje cell (CL0000121)
    Fold Change: -0.0765
    Cell Significance Index: -1.6800
  • Cell Name: pancreatic ductal cell (CL0002079)
    Fold Change: -0.0831
    Cell Significance Index: -9.5200
  • Cell Name: retinal rod cell (CL0000604)
    Fold Change: -0.0864
    Cell Significance Index: -1.0300
  • Cell Name: peg cell (CL4033014)
    Fold Change: -0.1052
    Cell Significance Index: -2.4300
  • Cell Name: granulosa cell (CL0000501)
    Fold Change: -0.1097
    Cell Significance Index: -2.8900
  • Cell Name: forebrain neuroblast (CL1000042)
    Fold Change: -0.1136
    Cell Significance Index: -6.9900
  • Cell Name: pro-T cell (CL0000827)
    Fold Change: -0.1168
    Cell Significance Index: -2.9900
  • Cell Name: pancreatic D cell (CL0000173)
    Fold Change: -0.1186
    Cell Significance Index: -24.9800
  • Cell Name: transit amplifying cell of colon (CL0009011)
    Fold Change: -0.1427
    Cell Significance Index: -4.5700
  • Cell Name: CD4-positive, alpha-beta memory T cell, CD45RO-positive (CL0001204)
    Fold Change: -0.1447
    Cell Significance Index: -4.2500
  • Cell Name: endothelial cell of placenta (CL0009092)
    Fold Change: -0.1523
    Cell Significance Index: -0.9200
  • Cell Name: cardiac muscle cell (CL0000746)
    Fold Change: -0.1775
    Cell Significance Index: -2.6200
  • Cell Name: smooth muscle cell of sphincter of pupil (CL0002243)
    Fold Change: -0.1873
    Cell Significance Index: -19.5000
  • Cell Name: umbrella cell of urothelium (CL4030056)
    Fold Change: -0.2525
    Cell Significance Index: -2.3300
  • Cell Name: intestinal epithelial cell (CL0002563)
    Fold Change: -0.2550
    Cell Significance Index: -2.6400
  • Cell Name: kidney loop of Henle descending limb epithelial cell (CL1001021)
    Fold Change: -0.2578
    Cell Significance Index: -20.4200
  • Cell Name: intestinal tuft cell (CL0019032)
    Fold Change: -0.2734
    Cell Significance Index: -16.7600
  • Cell Name: fibroblast of mammary gland (CL0002555)
    Fold Change: -0.3031
    Cell Significance Index: -8.6900
  • Cell Name: GABAergic amacrine cell (CL4030027)
    Fold Change: -0.3128
    Cell Significance Index: -3.8800
  • Cell Name: hippocampal pyramidal neuron (CL1001571)
    Fold Change: -0.3560
    Cell Significance Index: -10.1600
  • Cell Name: pvalb GABAergic cortical interneuron (CL4023018)
    Fold Change: -0.3821
    Cell Significance Index: -8.1100
  • Cell Name: corticothalamic-projecting glutamatergic cortical neuron (CL4023013)
    Fold Change: -0.3997
    Cell Significance Index: -12.7300
  • Cell Name: skeletal muscle fiber (CL0008002)
    Fold Change: -0.4046
    Cell Significance Index: -10.4000
  • Cell Name: VIP GABAergic cortical interneuron (CL4023016)
    Fold Change: -0.4079
    Cell Significance Index: -8.1900
  • Cell Name: L6b glutamatergic cortical neuron (CL4023038)
    Fold Change: -0.4227
    Cell Significance Index: -13.8400
  • Cell Name: fibroblast of cardiac tissue (CL0002548)
    Fold Change: -0.4265
    Cell Significance Index: -6.1300
  • Cell Name: L5 extratelencephalic projecting glutamatergic cortical neuron (CL4023041)
    Fold Change: -0.4830
    Cell Significance Index: -16.9200

Cell ID: Standard Cell Ontology term used for mapping and comparing cells across experiments. Ensures consistency in analyzing cellular functions across tissues.
Fold Change: Represents the ratio of the current Cell Significance Index to the Cell Significance Index Threshold, indicating how much the gene expression has changed compared to a baseline.
Cell Significance Index: Reflects how strongly a gene is expressed in this specific cell.

Cell ID: Standard Cell Ontology term used for mapping and comparing cells across experiments. Ensures consistency in analyzing cellular functions across tissues.
Fold Change: Represents the ratio of the current Cell Significance Index to the Cell Significance Index Threshold, indicating how much the gene expression has changed compared to a baseline.
Cell Significance Index: Reflects how strongly a gene is expressed in this cell type. Calculated using techniques like effect size estimation and bootstrapping for reliability.

Cell ID: Standard Cell Ontology term used for mapping and comparing cells across experiments. Ensures consistency in analyzing cellular functions across tissues.
Fold Change: Represents the ratio of the current Cell Significance Index to the Cell Significance Index Threshold, indicating how much the gene expression has changed compared to a baseline.
Cell Significance Index: Reflects how strongly a gene is expressed in this cell type. Calculated using techniques like effect size estimation and bootstrapping for reliability.

Other Information

**Key Characteristics** YARS2 is a mitochondrial enzyme that exhibits the following key characteristics: 1. **Aminoacylation of tyrosine-tRNA**: YARS2 catalyzes the attachment of tyrosine to its corresponding tRNA, a process that is essential for the proper translation of mitochondrial mRNAs. 2. **Mitochondrial localization**: YARS2 is specifically localized to the mitochondrial matrix, where it plays a critical role in the translation of mitochondrial mRNAs. 3. **Protein binding and homodimerization**: YARS2 exhibits protein binding and homodimerization activity, suggesting its ability to interact with other mitochondrial proteins and form homodimers. 4. **RNA binding**: YARS2 has been shown to bind to various RNAs, including tRNA and mRNA, indicating its role in regulating protein synthesis. **Pathways and Functions** YARS2 is involved in the following pathways and functions: 1. **Mitochondrial protein synthesis**: YARS2 plays a crucial role in the translation of mitochondrial mRNAs, ensuring the accurate incorporation of tyrosine into tRNA. 2. **Energy metabolism**: YARS2 is involved in the regulation of energy metabolism, as it is required for the proper translation of mitochondrial mRNAs that encode for energy-related proteins. 3. **Immune response**: YARS2 has been implicated in the regulation of immune response, as it is required for the proper translation of mitochondrial mRNAs that encode for immune-related proteins. 4. **Cell differentiation and survival**: YARS2 has been shown to play a role in cell differentiation and survival, as it is required for the proper translation of mitochondrial mRNAs that encode for cell survival-related proteins. **Clinical Significance** The dysregulation of YARS2 has been implicated in various diseases, including: 1. **Mitochondrial disorders**: YARS2 mutations have been associated with mitochondrial disorders, such as MELAS syndrome and Kearns-Sayre syndrome. 2. **Cancer**: YARS2 has been shown to be overexpressed in certain types of cancer, including leukemia and lymphoma. 3. **Neurodegenerative diseases**: YARS2 has been implicated in the regulation of neurodegenerative diseases, such as Alzheimer's disease and Parkinson's disease. In conclusion, YARS2 is a crucial component of mitochondrial protein synthesis, playing a pivotal role in the regulation of energy metabolism, immune response, and cell differentiation and survival. Further research is needed to fully understand the functions of YARS2 and its clinical significance in various diseases.

Genular Protein ID: 2400534741

Symbol: SYYM_HUMAN

Name: Tyrosine--tRNA ligase, mitochondrial

UniProtKB Accession Codes:

Q9Y2Z4 D3DUW8 Q9H817

Database IDs:

ABCD 1 AGR 1 AlphaFoldDB 1 Antibodypedia 1 BRENDA 1 Bgee 1 BioGRID 1 BioGRID-ORCS 1 BioMuta 1 CCDS 1 CDD 1 CTD 1 ChEBI 17 ChiTaRS 1 DIP 1 DMDM 1 DNASU 1 DisGeNET 1 DrugBank 1 EC 1 EMBL 6 Ensembl 1 EvolutionaryTrace 1 ExpressionAtlas 1 GO 13 Gene3D 3 GeneCards 1 GeneTree 1 GenomeRNAi 1 GlyGen 1 HGNC 1 HPA 1 InParanoid 1 IntAct 1 InterPro 6 KEGG 1 MANE-Select 1 MIM 3 MINT 1 MalaCards 1 MassIVE 1 NCBI Taxonomy 1 NCBIfam 1 OMA 1 OpenTargets 1 Orphanet 1 OrthoDB 1 PANTHER 2 PDB 2 PDBsum 2 PRINTS 1 PRO 1 PROSITE 1 PathwayCommons 1 PaxDb 1 PeptideAtlas 1 Pfam 1 PharmGKB 1 Pharos 1 PhosphoSitePlus 1 PhylomeDB 1 Proteomes 1 ProteomicsDB 1 Pumba 1 RNAct 1 Reactome 1 RefSeq 1 Rhea 3 SIGNOR 1 SMR 1 STRING 1 SUPFAM 2 SignaLink 1 SwissPalm 1 TreeFam 1 UCSC 1 VEuPathDB 1 eggNOG 1 iPTMnet 1 jPOST 1 neXtProt 1

Citations:

PubMed ID: 10810093

Title: Identification of novel human genes evolutionarily conserved in Caenorhabditis elegans by comparative proteomics.

PubMed ID: 10810093

DOI: 10.1101/gr.10.5.703

PubMed ID: 14702039

Title: Complete sequencing and characterization of 21,243 full-length human cDNAs.

PubMed ID: 14702039

DOI: 10.1038/ng1285

PubMed ID: 16541075

Title: The finished DNA sequence of human chromosome 12.

PubMed ID: 16541075

DOI: 10.1038/nature04569

PubMed ID: 15489334

Title: The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC).

PubMed ID: 15489334

DOI: 10.1101/gr.2596504

PubMed ID: 15779907

Title: Toward the full set of human mitochondrial aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases: characterization of AspRS and TyrRS.

PubMed ID: 15779907

DOI: 10.1021/bi047527z

PubMed ID: 19608861

Title: Lysine acetylation targets protein complexes and co-regulates major cellular functions.

PubMed ID: 19608861

DOI: 10.1126/science.1175371

PubMed ID: 21269460

Title: Initial characterization of the human central proteome.

PubMed ID: 21269460

DOI: 10.1186/1752-0509-5-17

PubMed ID: 25944712

Title: N-terminome analysis of the human mitochondrial proteome.

PubMed ID: 25944712

DOI: 10.1002/pmic.201400617

PubMed ID: 30006346

Title: Three human aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases have distinct sub-mitochondrial localizations that are unaffected by disease-associated mutations.

PubMed ID: 30006346

DOI: 10.1074/jbc.ra118.003400

PubMed ID: 17997975

Title: Crystal structure of human mitochondrial tyrosyl-tRNA synthetase reveals common and idiosyncratic features.

PubMed ID: 17997975

DOI: 10.1016/j.str.2007.09.018

PubMed ID: 20598274

Title: Mutation of the mitochondrial tyrosyl-tRNA synthetase gene, YARS2, causes myopathy, lactic acidosis, and sideroblastic anemia--MLASA syndrome.

PubMed ID: 20598274

DOI: 10.1016/j.ajhg.2010.06.001

PubMed ID: 22504945

Title: A novel mutation in YARS2 causes myopathy with lactic acidosis and sideroblastic anemia.

PubMed ID: 22504945

DOI: 10.1002/humu.22098

Sequence Information:

  • Length: 477
  • Mass: 53199
  • Checksum: C513B8FE1E7A09E4
  • Sequence:
    • MAAPILRSFS WGRWSGTLNL SVLLPLGLRK AHSGAQGLLA AQKARGLFKD FFPETGTKIE 
LPELFDRGTA SFPQTIYCGF DPTADSLHVG HLLALLGLFH LQRAGHNVIA LVGGATARLG 
DPSGRTKERE ALETERVRAN ARALRLGLEA LAANHQQLFT DGRSWGSFTV LDNSAWYQKQ 
HLVDFLAAVG GHFRMGTLLS RQSVQLRLKS PEGMSLAEFF YQVLQAYDFY YLFQRYGCRV 
QLGGSDQLGN IMSGYEFINK LTGEDVFGIT VPLITSTTGA KLGKSAGNAV WLNRDKTSPF 
ELYQFFVRQP DDSVERYLKL FTFLPLPEID HIMQLHVKEP ERRGPQKRLA AEVTKLVHGR 
EGLDSAKRCT QALYHSSIDA LEVMSDQELK ELFKEAPFSE FFLDPGTSVL DTCRKANAIP 
DGPRGYRMIT EGGVSINHQQ VTNPESVLIV GQHILKNGLS LLKIGKRNFY IIKWLQL

Database document:

This is a preview of the gene's schema. Only a few entries are kept for 'singleCellExpressions,' 'mRNAExpressions,' and other large data arrays for visualization purposes. You can zoom in with the mouse wheel for a closer view, and the text will adjust automatically if necessary. For the full schema, download it here.