Details for: DCXR

Gene ID: 51181

Gene Type:  Protein-coding  - A gene that serves as a template for producing a messenger RNA (mRNA) molecule, which is then translated into a functional protein.

Symbol: DCXR

Ensembl ID: ENSG00000169738

Description: dicarbonyl and L-xylulose reductase

Selected Context(s):  Overall

Cell Significance Landscape

Contexts:

Associated with

Significant Cells

Cell Significance Index (CSI) scores for the chosen context(s)

  • extravillous trophoblast CL0008036
    CSI 47.66
    rCSI 58.96%
    PRS 14.75
  • midzonal region hepatocyte CL0019028
    CSI 36.3
    rCSI 85.18%
    PRS 24.6
  • megakaryocyte-erythroid progenitor cell CL0000050
    CSI 31.41
    rCSI 28.36%
    PRS 15.11
  • mucous neck cell CL0000651
    CSI 29.49
    rCSI 42.5%
    PRS 26.71
  • kidney loop of Henle thin descending limb epithelial cell CL1001111
    CSI 29.29
    rCSI 41.52%
    PRS 15.69
  • hepatocyte CL0000182
    CSI 28.95
    rCSI 51.82%
    PRS 15.64
  • transit amplifying cell of colon CL0009011
    CSI 28.8
    rCSI 33.82%
    PRS 19.7
  • epithelial cell of proximal tubule CL0002306
    CSI 23.09
    rCSI 56.39%
    PRS 16.61
  • central memory CD8-positive, alpha-beta T cell CL0000907
    CSI 21.88
    rCSI 14.74%
    PRS 20.45
  • epithelial cell of lung CL0000082
    CSI 20.5
    rCSI 16.99%
    PRS 15.92
  • mucus secreting cell CL0000319
    CSI 20.37
    rCSI 32.35%
    PRS 21.74
  • common dendritic progenitor CL0001029
    CSI 19.94
    rCSI 25.03%
    PRS 21.76
  • retinal ganglion cell CL0000740
    CSI 19.84
    rCSI 43.83%
    PRS 12.05
  • promonocyte CL0000559
    CSI 18.37
    rCSI 31.46%
    PRS 22.86
  • granulocyte monocyte progenitor cell CL0000557
    CSI 18.01
    rCSI 15.6%
    PRS 18.93
  • CD8-positive, CD28-negative, alpha-beta regulatory T cell CL0000920
    CSI 16.92
    rCSI 33.72%
    PRS 28.41
  • tracheal goblet cell CL1000329
    CSI 16.33
    rCSI 35.65%
    PRS 33.1
  • pancreatic A cell CL0000171
    CSI 16.06
    rCSI 16.83%
    PRS 18.02
  • common myeloid progenitor CL0000049
    CSI 15.36
    rCSI 12.42%
    PRS 16.83
  • large pre-B-II cell CL0000957
    CSI 15.02
    rCSI 42.89%
    PRS 29.01
  • stem cell CL0000034
    CSI 14.03
    rCSI 13.53%
    PRS 12.04
  • pulmonary alveolar type 2 cell CL0002063
    CSI 13.39
    rCSI 20.77%
    PRS 25.42
  • stromal cell of ovary CL0002132
    CSI 12.89
    rCSI 35.43%
    PRS 27.75
  • luminal epithelial cell of mammary gland CL0002326
    CSI 12.87
    rCSI 23.38%
    PRS 25.69
  • colon goblet cell CL0009039
    CSI 11.68
    rCSI 27.77%
    PRS 25.23
  • centrilobular region hepatocyte CL0019029
    CSI 11.4
    rCSI 29.76%
    PRS 26.09
  • club cell CL0000158
    CSI 11.3
    rCSI 16.55%
    PRS 19.46
  • primitive red blood cell CL0002355
    CSI 11.23
    rCSI 60.62%
    PRS 30.39
  • promyelocyte CL0000836
    CSI 11.05
    rCSI 15.94%
    PRS 23.59
  • fallopian tube secretory epithelial cell CL4030006
    CSI 10.53
    rCSI 10.14%
    PRS 17.43
  • pancreatic D cell CL0000173
    CSI 10.23
    rCSI 10.07%
    PRS 18.31
  • luminal cell of prostate epithelium CL0002340
    CSI 9.58
    rCSI 51.54%
    PRS 29.96
  • periportal region hepatocyte CL0019026
    CSI 9.23
    rCSI 35.89%
    PRS 23.05
  • activated type II NK T cell CL0000931
    CSI 9.18
    rCSI 10.33%
    PRS 27.06
  • kidney epithelial cell CL0002518
    CSI 9.05
    rCSI 17.27%
    PRS 37.73
  • tracheobronchial serous cell CL0019001
    CSI 8.76
    rCSI 37.84%
    PRS 31.28
  • respiratory suprabasal cell CL4033048
    CSI 8.02
    rCSI 10.29%
    PRS 19.45
  • forebrain radial glial cell CL0013000
    CSI 8
    rCSI 25.67%
    PRS 24.38
  • mammary gland epithelial cell CL0002327
    CSI 7.89
    rCSI 27.68%
    PRS 29.84
  • peptic cell CL0000155
    CSI 7.86
    rCSI 77.34%
    PRS 45.65
  • foveolar cell of stomach CL0002179
    CSI 7.59
    rCSI 16.16%
    PRS 26.91
  • duct epithelial cell CL0000068
    CSI 7.46
    rCSI 10.91%
    PRS 17.83
  • perivascular cell CL4033054
    CSI 7.4
    rCSI 10.11%
    PRS 19.12
  • colon epithelial cell CL0011108
    CSI 7.11
    rCSI 7.45%
    PRS 15.68
  • CD16-positive, CD56-dim natural killer cell, human CL0000939
    CSI 6.52
    rCSI 4.35%
    PRS 41.89
  • pancreatic ductal cell CL0002079
    CSI 6.35
    rCSI 12.36%
    PRS 17.24
  • podocyte CL0000653
    CSI 6.04
    rCSI 26.83%
    PRS 16.58
  • bronchial goblet cell CL1000312
    CSI 5.84
    rCSI 23.34%
    PRS 35.86
  • intestine goblet cell CL0019031
    CSI 5.65
    rCSI 5.01%
    PRS 16.88
  • transit amplifying cell CL0009010
    CSI 5.6
    rCSI 8.57%
    PRS 27.33
  • interstitial cell of Cajal CL0002088
    CSI 5.37
    rCSI 6.83%
    PRS 19.59
  • basal cell of epithelium of trachea CL1000348
    CSI 5.19
    rCSI 36.64%
    PRS 48.05
  • acinar cell CL0000622
    CSI 5.05
    rCSI 7.4%
    PRS 22.1
  • alveolar type 1 fibroblast cell CL4028004
    CSI 4.9
    rCSI 5.37%
    PRS 19.13
  • cardiac muscle cell CL0000746
    CSI 4.89
    rCSI 7.02%
    PRS 13.06
  • blood vessel smooth muscle cell CL0019018
    CSI 4.82
    rCSI 39.23%
    PRS 17.14
  • retinal pigment epithelial cell CL0002586
    CSI 4.81
    rCSI 9.55%
    PRS 17.93
  • respiratory goblet cell CL0002370
    CSI 4.6
    rCSI 50.07%
    PRS 32.11
  • intestinal crypt stem cell of colon CL0009043
    CSI 4.39
    rCSI 33%
    PRS 30.58
  • myeloid lineage restricted progenitor cell CL0000839
    CSI 4.37
    rCSI 22.57%
    PRS 32.83
  • kidney distal convoluted tubule epithelial cell CL1000849
    CSI 4.29
    rCSI 45.4%
    PRS 22.52
  • central memory CD4-positive, alpha-beta T cell CL0000904
    CSI 4.28
    rCSI 2.53%
    PRS 23.36
  • double negative thymocyte CL0002489
    CSI 4.23
    rCSI 2.94%
    PRS 20.02
  • non-classical monocyte CL0000875
    CSI 4.14
    rCSI 6.64%
    PRS 48.16
  • myofibroblast cell CL0000186
    CSI 4.1
    rCSI 5.68%
    PRS 23.96
  • secretory cell CL0000151
    CSI 4.09
    rCSI 4.27%
    PRS 17.27
  • kidney loop of Henle thick ascending limb epithelial cell CL1001106
    CSI 4.05
    rCSI 34.96%
    PRS 27.67
  • mature NK T cell CL0000814
    CSI 3.96
    rCSI 5.06%
    PRS 59.8
  • T follicular helper cell CL0002038
    CSI 3.93
    rCSI 2.94%
    PRS 27.1
  • activated CD4-positive, alpha-beta T cell CL0000896
    CSI 3.85
    rCSI 3.56%
    PRS 30.52
  • epithelial cell of esophagus CL0002252
    CSI 3.85
    rCSI 37.99%
    PRS 52.83
  • cerebral cortex GABAergic interneuron CL0010011
    CSI 3.74
    rCSI 11.04%
    PRS 20.36
  • CD4-positive, CD25-positive, alpha-beta regulatory T cell CL0000792
    CSI 3.69
    rCSI 3.63%
    PRS 26.43
  • CD34-positive, CD56-positive, CD117-positive common innate lymphoid precursor, human CL0001074
    CSI 3.62
    rCSI 42.04%
    PRS 58.43
  • inflammatory macrophage CL0000863
    CSI 3.5
    rCSI 5.98%
    PRS 33.99
  • early lymphoid progenitor CL0000936
    CSI 3.5
    rCSI 3.07%
    PRS 19.25
  • double-positive, alpha-beta thymocyte CL0000809
    CSI 3.5
    rCSI 3.56%
    PRS 24.15
  • Mueller cell CL0000636
    CSI 3.49
    rCSI 7.96%
    PRS 14.51
  • neural crest cell CL0011012
    CSI 3.48
    rCSI 2.75%
    PRS 11.58
  • naive T cell CL0000898
    CSI 3.47
    rCSI 2.41%
    PRS 23.9
  • dendritic cell CL0000451
    CSI 3.46
    rCSI 4.26%
    PRS 49.67
  • respiratory epithelial cell CL0002368
    CSI 3.43
    rCSI 21.2%
    PRS 51.45
  • regular atrial cardiac myocyte CL0002129
    CSI 3.41
    rCSI 10.97%
    PRS 17.71
  • basal cell CL0000646
    CSI 3.36
    rCSI 4.5%
    PRS 18.45
  • unswitched memory B cell CL0000970
    CSI 3.34
    rCSI 2.81%
    PRS 26.99
  • enterocyte CL0000584
    CSI 3.21
    rCSI 5.18%
    PRS 26.35
  • alpha-beta T cell CL0000789
    CSI 3.14
    rCSI 3.68%
    PRS 22.67
  • pre-conventional dendritic cell CL0002010
    CSI 3.1
    rCSI 41.03%
    PRS 51.02
  • conventional dendritic cell CL0000990
    CSI 3.05
    rCSI 2.55%
    PRS 45.61
  • effector CD4-positive, alpha-beta T cell CL0001044
    CSI 3.05
    rCSI 8.74%
    PRS 24.83
  • plasmablast CL0000980
    CSI 3.04
    rCSI 2.39%
    PRS 20.34
  • pancreatic acinar cell CL0002064
    CSI 3.01
    rCSI 3.99%
    PRS 18.42
  • ciliated epithelial cell CL0000067
    CSI 3
    rCSI 2.64%
    PRS 12.23
  • epithelial cell CL0000066
    CSI 2.98
    rCSI 4.58%
    PRS 23.38
  • acinar cell of salivary gland CL0002623
    CSI 2.91
    rCSI 67.78%
    PRS 31.15
  • CD4-positive, alpha-beta cytotoxic T cell CL0000934
    CSI 2.9
    rCSI 3.98%
    PRS 34.02
  • neuroblast (sensu Nematoda and Protostomia) CL0000338
    CSI 2.84
    rCSI 3.28%
    PRS 14.77
  • CD16-negative, CD56-bright natural killer cell, human CL0000938
    CSI 2.84
    rCSI 2.13%
    PRS 46.35
  • erythrocyte CL0000232
    CSI 2.81
    rCSI 6.38%
    PRS 23.28
  • intermediate monocyte CL0002393
    CSI 2.81
    rCSI 4.24%
    PRS 16.91
  • CD14-positive, CD16-positive monocyte CL0002397
    CSI -6.0
    rCSI -7.9%
    PRS 23.9%
  • lung neuroendocrine cell CL1000223
    CSI -4.7
    rCSI -7.0%
    PRS 19.3%
  • basophil CL0000767
    CSI -3.7
    rCSI -7.9%
    PRS 33.7%
  • squamous epithelial cell CL0000076
    CSI -2.8
    rCSI -6.6%
    PRS 20.9%
  • regular ventricular cardiac myocyte CL0002131
    CSI -1.6
    rCSI -10.0%
    PRS 13.2%
  • vascular associated smooth muscle cell CL0000359
    CSI -1.1
    rCSI -3.6%
    PRS 20.5%
  • retinal blood vessel endothelial cell CL0002585
    CSI -0.8
    rCSI -1.2%
    PRS 18.5%
  • renal intercalated cell CL0005010
    CSI -0.8
    rCSI -6.7%
    PRS 81.3%
  • mesenchymal stem cell CL0000134
    CSI 0.0
    rCSI 0.2%
    PRS 30.2%
  • sst GABAergic cortical interneuron CL4023017
    CSI 0.0
    rCSI 0.1%
    PRS 10.4%
  • hair follicular keratinocyte CL2000092
    CSI 0.1
    rCSI 1.2%
    PRS 59.5%
  • follicular B cell CL0000843
    CSI 0.1
    rCSI 0.3%
    PRS 55.3%
  • epithelial cell of urethra CL1000296
    CSI 0.1
    rCSI 2.4%
    PRS 48.8%
  • B-2 B cell CL0000822
    CSI 0.1
    rCSI 2.8%
    PRS 70.7%
  • ciliated columnar cell of tracheobronchial tree CL0002145
    CSI 0.1
    rCSI 0.3%
    PRS 17.4%
  • type EC enteroendocrine cell CL0000577
    CSI 0.2
    rCSI 0.6%
    PRS 27.4%
  • small intestine goblet cell CL1000495
    CSI 0.2
    rCSI 0.4%
    PRS 22.5%
  • kidney connecting tubule epithelial cell CL1000768
    CSI 0.2
    rCSI 0.5%
    PRS 12.8%
  • pancreatic stellate cell CL0002410
    CSI 0.2
    rCSI 1.3%
    PRS 25.2%
  • L6b glutamatergic cortical neuron CL4023038
    CSI 0.3
    rCSI 0.9%
    PRS 10.6%
  • parietal epithelial cell CL1000452
    CSI 0.3
    rCSI 0.7%
    PRS 14.0%
  • M cell of gut CL0000682
    CSI 0.3
    rCSI 0.3%
    PRS 29.3%
  • myelocyte CL0002193
    CSI 0.3
    rCSI 1.9%
    PRS 50.6%
  • mesenchymal lymphangioblast CL0005021
    CSI 0.3
    rCSI 7.9%
    PRS 64.5%
  • brush cell CL0002204
    CSI 0.3
    rCSI 0.6%
    PRS 41.7%
  • Bergmann glial cell CL0000644
    CSI 0.3
    rCSI 0.4%
    PRS 16.8%
  • erythroid progenitor cell CL0000038
    CSI 0.3
    rCSI 1.9%
    PRS 25.7%
  • epithelial cell of nephron CL1000449
    CSI 0.3
    rCSI 3.2%
    PRS 61.8%
  • P/D1 enteroendocrine cell CL0002268
    CSI 0.4
    rCSI 1.9%
    PRS 40.1%
  • transit amplifying cell of small intestine CL0009012
    CSI 0.4
    rCSI 1.7%
    PRS 31.2%
  • mature alpha-beta T cell CL0000791
    CSI 0.4
    rCSI 1.4%
    PRS 28.9%
  • glandular epithelial cell CL0000150
    CSI 0.4
    rCSI 1.1%
    PRS 32.7%
  • mononuclear phagocyte CL0000113
    CSI 0.4
    rCSI 0.9%
    PRS 18.9%
  • Cajal-Retzius cell CL0000695
    CSI 0.4
    rCSI 3.4%
    PRS 34.8%
  • cytotoxic T cell CL0000910
    CSI 0.4
    rCSI 2.5%
    PRS 24.7%
  • enterocyte of epithelium of small intestine CL1000334
    CSI 0.5
    rCSI 6.9%
    PRS 40.8%
  • neuroendocrine cell CL0000165
    CSI 0.5
    rCSI 1.8%
    PRS 33.6%
  • enteroendocrine cell of colon CL0009042
    CSI 0.5
    rCSI 2.1%
    PRS 42.6%
  • neural progenitor cell CL0011020
    CSI 0.5
    rCSI 2.1%
    PRS 16.1%
  • caudal ganglionic eminence derived cortical interneuron CL4023064
    CSI 0.5
    rCSI 0.9%
    PRS 9.9%
  • pancreatic epsilon cell CL0005019
    CSI 0.5
    rCSI 2.3%
    PRS 38.5%
  • megakaryocyte progenitor cell CL0000553
    CSI 0.5
    rCSI 9.0%
    PRS 48.1%
  • cholangiocyte CL1000488
    CSI 0.5
    rCSI 3.0%
    PRS 27.4%
  • helper T cell CL0000912
    CSI 0.5
    rCSI 0.8%
    PRS 23.3%
  • kidney loop of Henle epithelial cell CL1000909
    CSI 0.6
    rCSI 11.8%
    PRS 77.1%
  • CD8-alpha-alpha-positive, alpha-beta intraepithelial T cell CL0000915
    CSI 0.6
    rCSI 2.6%
    PRS 54.6%
  • astrocyte of the cerebral cortex CL0002605
    CSI 0.6
    rCSI 1.3%
    PRS 10.4%
  • syncytiotrophoblast cell CL0000525
    CSI 0.6
    rCSI 1.7%
    PRS 31.9%
  • CD8-positive, alpha-beta memory T cell, CD45RO-positive CL0001203
    CSI 0.6
    rCSI 0.7%
    PRS 21.4%
  • chondrocyte CL0000138
    CSI 0.6
    rCSI 0.9%
    PRS 14.3%
  • T-helper 1 cell CL0000545
    CSI 0.6
    rCSI 1.1%
    PRS 42.4%
  • intestinal crypt stem cell of small intestine CL0009017
    CSI 0.6
    rCSI 1.6%
    PRS 21.8%
  • hepatic stellate cell CL0000632
    CSI 0.6
    rCSI 2.3%
    PRS 14.3%
  • memory T cell CL0000813
    CSI 0.6
    rCSI 1.2%
    PRS 37.7%
  • choroid plexus epithelial cell CL0000706
    CSI 0.6
    rCSI 1.0%
    PRS 13.0%
  • lung ciliated cell CL1000271
    CSI 0.6
    rCSI 0.7%
    PRS 12.4%
  • type L enteroendocrine cell CL0002279
    CSI 0.6
    rCSI 1.2%
    PRS 32.9%
  • mature B cell CL0000785
    CSI 0.7
    rCSI 0.6%
    PRS 21.0%
  • megakaryocyte CL0000556
    CSI 0.7
    rCSI 2.9%
    PRS 29.7%
  • keratocyte CL0002363
    CSI 0.7
    rCSI 1.7%
    PRS 25.1%
  • intraepithelial lymphocyte CL0002496
    CSI 0.7
    rCSI 2.0%
    PRS 59.9%
  • paneth cell of epithelium of small intestine CL1000343
    CSI 0.7
    rCSI 2.1%
    PRS 26.1%
  • transitional stage B cell CL0000818
    CSI 0.8
    rCSI 2.5%
    PRS 44.9%
  • type B pancreatic cell CL0000169
    CSI 0.8
    rCSI 1.7%
    PRS 15.6%
  • BEST4+ enteroycte CL4030026
    CSI 0.8
    rCSI 0.9%
    PRS 17.8%
  • microcirculation associated smooth muscle cell CL0008035
    CSI 0.8
    rCSI 2.2%
    PRS 19.1%
  • CD8-positive, alpha-beta cytotoxic T cell CL0000794
    CSI 0.8
    rCSI 0.9%
    PRS 29.4%
  • pvalb GABAergic cortical interneuron CL4023018
    CSI 0.8
    rCSI 1.0%
    PRS 9.2%
  • intestinal tuft cell CL0019032
    CSI 0.8
    rCSI 1.2%
    PRS 19.4%
  • thymocyte CL0000893
    CSI 0.8
    rCSI 2.7%
    PRS 50.6%
  • erythroblast CL0000765
    CSI 0.8
    rCSI 2.1%
    PRS 27.3%
  • retinal cone cell CL0000573
    CSI 0.8
    rCSI 1.3%
    PRS 12.9%
  • natural T-regulatory cell CL0000903
    CSI 0.8
    rCSI 1.5%
    PRS 45.0%
  • IgG plasma cell CL0000985
    CSI 0.8
    rCSI 1.0%
    PRS 29.3%
  • IgA plasma cell CL0000987
    CSI 0.8
    rCSI 0.8%
    PRS 31.2%
  • mesodermal cell CL0000222
    CSI 0.8
    rCSI 1.0%
    PRS 16.6%
  • lung pericyte CL0009089
    CSI 0.8
    rCSI 2.2%
    PRS 20.2%
  • peripheral nervous system neuron CL2000032
    CSI 0.8
    rCSI 1.1%
    PRS 15.0%
  • VIP GABAergic cortical interneuron CL4023016
    CSI 0.8
    rCSI 1.0%
    PRS 9.7%
  • alveolar macrophage CL0000583
    CSI 0.9
    rCSI 1.4%
    PRS 19.9%
  • placental villous trophoblast CL2000060
    CSI 0.9
    rCSI 1.3%
    PRS 15.8%
  • respiratory hillock cell CL4030023
    CSI 0.9
    rCSI 1.6%
    PRS 28.2%
  • dendritic cell, human CL0001056
    CSI 0.9
    rCSI 1.3%
    PRS 20.0%
  • kidney proximal convoluted tubule epithelial cell CL1000838
    CSI 0.9
    rCSI 9.4%
    PRS 56.3%
  • common lymphoid progenitor CL0000051
    CSI 0.9
    rCSI 1.2%
    PRS 32.1%
  • T-helper 17 cell CL0000899
    CSI 0.9
    rCSI 0.7%
    PRS 29.9%
  • immature B cell CL0000816
    CSI 1.0
    rCSI 0.7%
    PRS 25.0%
  • basal cell of prostate epithelium CL0002341
    CSI 1.0
    rCSI 2.9%
    PRS 36.4%
  • kidney loop of Henle thin ascending limb epithelial cell CL1001107
    CSI 1.0
    rCSI 2.6%
    PRS 15.7%
  • cerebral cortex endothelial cell CL1001602
    CSI 1.0
    rCSI 1.8%
    PRS 12.8%
  • CD14-positive monocyte CL0001054
    CSI 1.0
    rCSI 1.3%
    PRS 23.9%
  • late pro-B cell CL0002048
    CSI 1.1
    rCSI 2.6%
    PRS 46.6%
  • colon macrophage CL0009038
    CSI 1.1
    rCSI 4.9%
    PRS 34.9%
  • glial cell CL0000125
    CSI 1.1
    rCSI 4.1%
    PRS 16.6%
  • epithelial cell of lower respiratory tract CL0002632
    CSI 1.1
    rCSI 0.8%
    PRS 16.1%
  • lymphoid lineage restricted progenitor cell CL0000838
    CSI 1.1
    rCSI 4.3%
    PRS 27.7%
  • basophil mast progenitor cell CL0002028
    CSI 1.1
    rCSI 5.9%
    PRS 57.3%
  • CD4-positive, alpha-beta memory T cell CL0000897
    CSI 1.1
    rCSI 0.8%
    PRS 23.1%
  • paneth cell of colon CL0009009
    CSI 1.1
    rCSI 10.8%
    PRS 44.8%
  • alveolar adventitial fibroblast CL4028006
    CSI 1.1
    rCSI 1.8%
    PRS 16.9%

Cell ID: Standard Cell Ontology term used for mapping and comparing cells across experiments. Ensures consistency in analyzing cellular functions across tissues.
Fold Change: Represents the ratio of the current Cell Significance Index to the Cell Significance Index Threshold, indicating how much the gene expression has changed compared to a baseline.
Cell Significance Index: Reflects how strongly a gene is expressed in this specific cell.

Cell ID: Standard Cell Ontology term used for mapping and comparing cells across experiments. Ensures consistency in analyzing cellular functions across tissues.
Fold Change: Represents the ratio of the current Cell Significance Index to the Cell Significance Index Threshold, indicating how much the gene expression has changed compared to a baseline.
Cell Significance Index: Reflects how strongly a gene is expressed in this cell type. Calculated using techniques like effect size estimation and bootstrapping for reliability.

Cell ID: Standard Cell Ontology term used for mapping and comparing cells across experiments. Ensures consistency in analyzing cellular functions across tissues.
Fold Change: Represents the ratio of the current Cell Significance Index to the Cell Significance Index Threshold, indicating how much the gene expression has changed compared to a baseline.
Cell Significance Index: Reflects how strongly a gene is expressed in this cell type. Calculated using techniques like effect size estimation and bootstrapping for reliability.
Network Configuration

Explore relationships of the current gene. Select an Interaction Source: 'ONTOLOGY' for shared pathways (GO/Reactome) or 'STRING' for protein-protein interactions. Further refine by selecting context genes and comparing Cell Significance Index (CSI) scores between baseline and target cell types and their specific contexts.

Comma-separated if multiple.
Comma-separated if multiple.

Legend:
  • Query Gene
  • Node Color (Target Cell CSI, relative to current network):
    • Very High
    • High
    • Medium
    • Low
    • Very Low
    • CSI N/A
  • Node Size: Proportional to Target Cell CSI magnitude
  • STRING PPI Edge
  • Shared Pathway Edge (ONTOLOGY)

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Other Information

This section provides additional information about the gene, including a description generated by an AI language model and details about associated proteins.

## Summary [DCXR](/details-gene/51181), or Dicarbonyl/L-xylulose reductase, is a protein-coding gene located on chromosome 17q25.3. It encodes an oxidoreductase that plays a key role in carbohydrate metabolism, particularly in the D-glucuronate and xylose metabolic pathways. Functionally, it exhibits carbonyl reductase activity, converting L-xylulose to xylitol. Deficiencies in this enzyme are the genetic basis for essential pentosuria ([260800](https://omim.org/entry/260800)), a benign inborn error of metabolism ([Link](https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1115888108)). **Overall**, expression data indicate that [DCXR](/details-gene/51181) is a significant gene in highly metabolically active tissues, showing the highest significance in cell types such as [extravillous trophoblast](/details-cell/CL0008036) and various [hepatocytes](/details-cell/CL0000182), suggesting important roles in placental development and liver metabolism. ## Cellular Roles and Expression Landscape The expression profile of [DCXR](/details-gene/51181) highlights its importance in specialized epithelial and progenitor cell populations. The **Overall** context reveals its highest significance in [extravillous trophoblast](/details-cell/CL0008036) (CSI: 47.66), suggesting a specialized function in placental biology. Its high significance in [midzonal region hepatocyte](/details-cell/CL0019028) (CSI: 36.30) and general [hepatocyte](/details-cell/CL0000182) (CSI: 28.95) populations is consistent with the liver's central role in carbohydrate metabolism. Furthermore, [DCXR](/details-gene/51181) is prominent in renal and other secretory epithelial cells, including [kidney loop of Henle thin descending limb epithelial cell](/details-cell/CL1001111) and [epithelial cell of proximal tubule](/details-cell/CL0002306). This aligns with literature identifying its localization in the kidney ([Link](https://doi.org/10.1074/jbc.m110703200)). The gene also shows notable significance in several hematopoietic progenitor cells, such as [megakaryocyte-erythroid progenitor cell](/details-cell/CL0000050) (CSI: 31.41) and [granulocyte monocyte progenitor cell](/details-cell/CL0000557) (CSI: 18.01), as well as in [central memory CD8-positive, alpha-beta T cell](/details-cell/CL0000907) (CSI: 21.88), indicating a potential role in the metabolic programming of developing and memory immune cells. Conversely, [DCXR](/details-gene/51181) has very low significance in several terminally differentiated cell types, including [CD14-positive, CD16-positive monocyte](/details-cell/CL0002397) (CSI: -6.03), [basophil](/details-cell/CL0000767) (CSI: -3.74), and [regular ventricular cardiac myocyte](/details-cell/CL0002131) (CSI: -1.60). This suggests its function is not ubiquitous but is specialized for cells with high metabolic flux, progenitor capacity, or specific secretory and absorptive functions, rather than in mature circulating myeloid cells or contractile tissues. ## Pathways and Molecular Function The molecular functions of [DCXR](/details-gene/51181) are centered on its enzymatic activity as an oxidoreductase. Gene Ontology annotations confirm its role as a `carbonyl reductase (nadph) activity` ([GO:0004090](https://www.ebi.ac.uk/QuickGO/term/GO:0004090)) and specifically `L-xylulose reductase (nadph) activity` ([GO:0050038](https://www.ebi.ac.uk/QuickGO/term/GO:0050038)). This enzymatic function is integral to several biological processes, including the `D-glucuronate catabolic process to d-xylulose 5-phosphate` ([GO:0019640](https://www.ebi.ac.uk/QuickGO/term/GO:0019640)) and the broader `glucose metabolic process` ([GO:0006006](https://www.ebi.ac.uk/QuickGO/term/GO:0006006)). Reactome pathway analysis directly connects [DCXR](/details-gene/51181) to `Essential pentosuria` ([R-HSA-5662853](https://reactome.org/content/detail/R-HSA-5662853)), the clinical condition arising from its deficiency. Its involvement in the `Formation of xylulose-5-phosphate` ([R-HSA-5661270](https://reactome.org/content/detail/R-HSA-5661270)) places it as a key enzyme within the broader network of `Metabolism of carbohydrates` ([R-HSA-71387](https://reactome.org/content/detail/R-HSA-71387)). Cellular component annotations localize the protein primarily to the `cytosol` ([GO:0005829](https://www.ebi.ac.uk/QuickGO/term/GO:0005829)), with associations to the `brush border` ([GO:0005903](https://www.ebi.ac.uk/QuickGO/term/GO:0005903)) and `microvillus` ([GO:0005902](https://www.ebi.ac.uk/QuickGO/term/GO:0005902)), which is consistent with its high expression in absorptive [epithelial cells of the proximal tubule](/details-cell/CL0002306). ## Research Directions The specific expression patterns of [DCXR](/details-gene/51181) point toward several under-explored biological roles beyond its established function in pentose metabolism. This provides a basis for several testable hypotheses. 1. **Metabolic Reprogramming in Hematopoiesis:** The high significance of [DCXR](/details-gene/51181) in hematopoietic progenitors ([megakaryocyte-erythroid progenitor cell](/details-cell/CL0000050), [common dendritic progenitor](/details-cell/CL0001029)) contrasts sharply with its low significance in mature [monocytes](/details-cell/CL0002397). This suggests that [DCXR](/details-gene/51181) may be a key regulator of metabolic pathways that support proliferation and lineage commitment, and its downregulation is necessary for terminal myeloid differentiation. 2. **Placental Function and Development:** Given its status as the top marker in [extravillous trophoblasts](/details-cell/CL0008036), [DCXR](/details-gene/51181) may play a critical role in maternal-fetal metabolic exchange or in protecting these invasive cells from oxidative stress, a process linked to its annotated function in the `positive regulation of reactive oxygen species metabolic process` ([GO:2000379](https://www.ebi.ac.uk/QuickGO/term/GO:2000379)). 3. **Metabolic Maintenance of Memory T Cells:** The notable expression in [central memory CD8-positive, alpha-beta T cells](/details-cell/CL0000907) implies a role in the long-term survival and metabolic fitness required for a rapid recall response. [DCXR](/details-gene/51181) could contribute to the maintenance of metabolic quiescence or the rapid engagement of effector pathways upon secondary antigen encounter. To test the role of [DCXR](/details-gene/51181) in hematopoiesis (Hypothesis 1), an experimental approach could involve CRISPR-Cas9-mediated knockout of the gene in primary human CD34+ hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells. These modified cells could then be cultured *in vitro* under conditions that promote myeloid differentiation. The impact of [DCXR](/details-gene/51181) loss would be assessed by monitoring lineage marker expression via flow cytometry and evaluating cellular metabolic profiles using Seahorse XF analysis to measure shifts in glycolysis and mitochondrial respiration during differentiation. Regarding therapeutic potential, since loss-of-function mutations cause a benign condition, [DCXR](/details-gene/51181) is not a target for inhibition in the context of pentosuria. However, if its high expression in progenitor cells is recapitulated in certain cancers (e.g., leukemias), it could represent a potential therapeutic target. Inhibition of [DCXR](/details-gene/51181) in such contexts might disrupt the specific metabolic state required for cancer cell proliferation, making it a candidate for targeted metabolic therapy.

Genular Protein ID: 2218007120

Symbol: DCXR_HUMAN

Name: L-xylulose reductase

UniProtKB Accession Codes:

Database IDs:

Citations:

PubMed ID: 10385429

Title: P34H sperm protein is preferentially expressed by the human corpus epididymidis.

PubMed ID: 10385429

DOI: 10.1210/endo.140.7.6791

PubMed ID: 11882650

Title: Molecular characterization of mammalian dicarbonyl/L-xylulose reductase and its localization in kidney.

PubMed ID: 11882650

DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m110703200

PubMed ID: 12680326

Title: Molecular cloning of human sperm surface protein P34H gene and semi-quantitative analysis of its expression in testis and epididymidis.

PubMed ID: 12680326

PubMed ID: 15489334

Title: The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC).

PubMed ID: 15489334

DOI: 10.1101/gr.2596504

PubMed ID: 12665801

Title: Exploring proteomes and analyzing protein processing by mass spectrometric identification of sorted N-terminal peptides.

PubMed ID: 12665801

DOI: 10.1038/nbt810

PubMed ID: 4392213

Title: The enzymatic defect in essential pentosuria.

PubMed ID: 4392213

DOI: 10.1056/nejm197004162821604

PubMed ID: 21269460

Title: Initial characterization of the human central proteome.

PubMed ID: 21269460

DOI: 10.1186/1752-0509-5-17

PubMed ID: 22042873

Title: Garrod's fourth inborn error of metabolism solved by the identification of mutations causing pentosuria.

PubMed ID: 22042873

DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1115888108

PubMed ID: 22223895

Title: Comparative large-scale characterisation of plant vs. mammal proteins reveals similar and idiosyncratic N-alpha acetylation features.

PubMed ID: 22223895

DOI: 10.1074/mcp.m111.015131

PubMed ID: 22814378

Title: N-terminal acetylome analyses and functional insights of the N-terminal acetyltransferase NatB.

PubMed ID: 22814378

DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1210303109

PubMed ID: 24275569

Title: An enzyme assisted RP-RPLC approach for in-depth analysis of human liver phosphoproteome.

PubMed ID: 24275569

DOI: 10.1016/j.jprot.2013.11.014

PubMed ID: 24129315

Title: Immunoaffinity enrichment and mass spectrometry analysis of protein methylation.

PubMed ID: 24129315

DOI: 10.1074/mcp.o113.027870

PubMed ID: 25944712

Title: N-terminome analysis of the human mitochondrial proteome.

PubMed ID: 25944712

DOI: 10.1002/pmic.201400617

PubMed ID: 12136162

Title: Crystallization and preliminary crystallographic analysis of human L-xylulose reductase.

PubMed ID: 12136162

DOI: 10.1107/s0907444902008156

PubMed ID: 15103634

Title: Crystal structure of human L-xylulose reductase holoenzyme: probing the role of Asn107 with site-directed mutagenesis.

PubMed ID: 15103634

DOI: 10.1002/prot.20047

Sequence Information:

  • Length: 244
  • Mass: 25913
  • Checksum: F82B7A178D46EAA5
  • Sequence:
  • MELFLAGRRV LVTGAGKGIG RGTVQALHAT GARVVAVSRT QADLDSLVRE CPGIEPVCVD 
    LGDWEATERA LGSVGPVDLL VNNAAVALLQ PFLEVTKEAF DRSFEVNLRA VIQVSQIVAR 
    GLIARGVPGA IVNVSSQCSQ RAVTNHSVYC STKGALDMLT KVMALELGPH KIRVNAVNPT 
    VVMTSMGQAT WSDPHKAKTM LNRIPLGKFA EVEHVVNAIL FLLSDRSGMT TGSTLPVEGG 
    FWAC