Details for: PDK3

Gene ID: 5165

Symbol: PDK3

Ensembl ID: ENSG00000067992

Description: pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase 3

Associated with

Cells (max top 100)

(Cell Significance Index and respective Thresholds are uniquely calculated using our advanced thresholding algorithms to reveal cell-specific gene markers)

  • Cell Name: polychromatophilic erythroblast (CL0000550)
    Fold Change: 153.2673
    Cell Significance Index: -23.8400
  • Cell Name: hematopoietic oligopotent progenitor cell (CL0002032)
    Fold Change: 96.5135
    Cell Significance Index: -24.4800
  • Cell Name: smooth muscle fiber of ileum (CL1000278)
    Fold Change: 55.3670
    Cell Significance Index: -26.1400
  • Cell Name: mucosal type mast cell (CL0000485)
    Fold Change: 53.8575
    Cell Significance Index: -21.8800
  • Cell Name: orthochromatic erythroblast (CL0000552)
    Fold Change: 20.1386
    Cell Significance Index: -24.8300
  • Cell Name: CD8-alpha-beta-positive, alpha-beta intraepithelial T cell (CL0000796)
    Fold Change: 8.3580
    Cell Significance Index: -22.3900
  • Cell Name: CD8-positive, alpha-beta regulatory T cell (CL0000795)
    Fold Change: 7.7781
    Cell Significance Index: -23.8900
  • Cell Name: epidermal Langerhans cell (CL0002457)
    Fold Change: 7.6214
    Cell Significance Index: -16.6800
  • Cell Name: stromal cell of bone marrow (CL0010001)
    Fold Change: 6.3608
    Cell Significance Index: -25.1000
  • Cell Name: epithelial cell of sweat gland (CL1000448)
    Fold Change: 3.1483
    Cell Significance Index: 2.2500
  • Cell Name: L2/3-6 intratelencephalic projecting glutamatergic neuron (CL4023040)
    Fold Change: 1.9020
    Cell Significance Index: 381.5300
  • Cell Name: skeletal muscle fibroblast (CL0011027)
    Fold Change: 1.8685
    Cell Significance Index: 12.6600
  • Cell Name: indirect pathway medium spiny neuron (CL4023029)
    Fold Change: 1.4041
    Cell Significance Index: 62.1100
  • Cell Name: hippocampal pyramidal neuron (CL1001571)
    Fold Change: 1.3782
    Cell Significance Index: 39.3300
  • Cell Name: direct pathway medium spiny neuron (CL4023026)
    Fold Change: 1.3642
    Cell Significance Index: 51.6600
  • Cell Name: hippocampal granule cell (CL0001033)
    Fold Change: 1.1050
    Cell Significance Index: 74.3000
  • Cell Name: gut absorptive cell (CL0000677)
    Fold Change: 1.0302
    Cell Significance Index: 61.8500
  • Cell Name: serous secreting cell of bronchus submucosal gland (CL4033005)
    Fold Change: 0.6251
    Cell Significance Index: 6.2600
  • Cell Name: obsolete caudal ganglionic eminence derived GABAergic cortical interneuron (CL4023070)
    Fold Change: 0.6067
    Cell Significance Index: 217.6200
  • Cell Name: intestinal crypt stem cell of colon (CL0009043)
    Fold Change: 0.5907
    Cell Significance Index: 64.2500
  • Cell Name: pigmented epithelial cell (CL0000529)
    Fold Change: 0.5659
    Cell Significance Index: 1065.4500
  • Cell Name: smooth muscle cell of sphincter of pupil (CL0002243)
    Fold Change: 0.5566
    Cell Significance Index: 57.9600
  • Cell Name: colon goblet cell (CL0009039)
    Fold Change: 0.5428
    Cell Significance Index: 53.7000
  • Cell Name: tuft cell of colon (CL0009041)
    Fold Change: 0.5082
    Cell Significance Index: 458.9000
  • Cell Name: forebrain neuroblast (CL1000042)
    Fold Change: 0.4808
    Cell Significance Index: 29.5500
  • Cell Name: neoplastic cell (CL0001063)
    Fold Change: 0.4697
    Cell Significance Index: 93.2200
  • Cell Name: retinal progenitor cell (CL0002672)
    Fold Change: 0.4247
    Cell Significance Index: 23.8300
  • Cell Name: epithelial cell of stomach (CL0002178)
    Fold Change: 0.4153
    Cell Significance Index: 48.4000
  • Cell Name: basal cell of urothelium (CL1000486)
    Fold Change: 0.3960
    Cell Significance Index: 48.7000
  • Cell Name: cortical interneuron (CL0008031)
    Fold Change: 0.3636
    Cell Significance Index: 8.7200
  • Cell Name: basal epithelial cell of tracheobronchial tree (CL0002329)
    Fold Change: 0.3349
    Cell Significance Index: 9.3600
  • Cell Name: intermediate cell of urothelium (CL4030055)
    Fold Change: 0.3282
    Cell Significance Index: 59.1700
  • Cell Name: epithelial cell of small intestine (CL0002254)
    Fold Change: 0.3264
    Cell Significance Index: 53.0900
  • Cell Name: bladder urothelial cell (CL1001428)
    Fold Change: 0.3261
    Cell Significance Index: 16.9400
  • Cell Name: epithelial cell of prostate (CL0002231)
    Fold Change: 0.3209
    Cell Significance Index: 1.9800
  • Cell Name: lens epithelial cell (CL0002224)
    Fold Change: 0.2877
    Cell Significance Index: 442.8700
  • Cell Name: acinar cell of salivary gland (CL0002623)
    Fold Change: 0.2670
    Cell Significance Index: 12.4500
  • Cell Name: GABAergic interneuron (CL0011005)
    Fold Change: 0.2666
    Cell Significance Index: 184.4000
  • Cell Name: tonsil germinal center B cell (CL2000006)
    Fold Change: 0.2570
    Cell Significance Index: 30.3100
  • Cell Name: secondary lens fiber (CL0002225)
    Fold Change: 0.2299
    Cell Significance Index: 312.5700
  • Cell Name: odontoblast (CL0000060)
    Fold Change: 0.2289
    Cell Significance Index: 29.3400
  • Cell Name: non-pigmented ciliary epithelial cell (CL0002304)
    Fold Change: 0.2176
    Cell Significance Index: 138.2100
  • Cell Name: Purkinje cell (CL0000121)
    Fold Change: 0.2073
    Cell Significance Index: 4.5400
  • Cell Name: cardiac muscle myoblast (CL0000513)
    Fold Change: 0.1881
    Cell Significance Index: 14.4400
  • Cell Name: paneth cell of epithelium of small intestine (CL1000343)
    Fold Change: 0.1625
    Cell Significance Index: 3.5200
  • Cell Name: luminal adaptive secretory precursor cell of mammary gland (CL4033057)
    Fold Change: 0.1542
    Cell Significance Index: 7.2500
  • Cell Name: ciliary muscle cell (CL1000443)
    Fold Change: 0.1415
    Cell Significance Index: 64.2300
  • Cell Name: enterocyte of epithelium of small intestine (CL1000334)
    Fold Change: 0.1310
    Cell Significance Index: 3.7800
  • Cell Name: cell in vitro (CL0001034)
    Fold Change: 0.0958
    Cell Significance Index: 52.3100
  • Cell Name: microfold cell of epithelium of small intestine (CL1000353)
    Fold Change: 0.0810
    Cell Significance Index: 5.6100
  • Cell Name: cerebellar granule cell (CL0001031)
    Fold Change: 0.0712
    Cell Significance Index: 1.2200
  • Cell Name: anterior lens cell (CL0002223)
    Fold Change: 0.0626
    Cell Significance Index: 115.3700
  • Cell Name: basal epithelial cell of prostatic duct (CL0002236)
    Fold Change: 0.0513
    Cell Significance Index: 0.4600
  • Cell Name: leptomeningeal cell (CL0000708)
    Fold Change: 0.0419
    Cell Significance Index: 0.9000
  • Cell Name: GABAergic amacrine cell (CL4030027)
    Fold Change: 0.0157
    Cell Significance Index: 0.2000
  • Cell Name: small intestine goblet cell (CL1000495)
    Fold Change: 0.0117
    Cell Significance Index: 0.4100
  • Cell Name: hair follicular keratinocyte (CL2000092)
    Fold Change: 0.0084
    Cell Significance Index: 3.7300
  • Cell Name: pancreatic A cell (CL0000171)
    Fold Change: -0.0038
    Cell Significance Index: -2.7900
  • Cell Name: pigmented ciliary epithelial cell (CL0002303)
    Fold Change: -0.0139
    Cell Significance Index: -2.0200
  • Cell Name: enteroendocrine cell of colon (CL0009042)
    Fold Change: -0.0163
    Cell Significance Index: -3.1000
  • Cell Name: pancreatic PP cell (CL0002275)
    Fold Change: -0.0218
    Cell Significance Index: -13.5900
  • Cell Name: pancreatic acinar cell (CL0002064)
    Fold Change: -0.0226
    Cell Significance Index: -3.8600
  • Cell Name: kidney loop of Henle cortical thick ascending limb epithelial cell (CL1001109)
    Fold Change: -0.0264
    Cell Significance Index: -19.3600
  • Cell Name: lactocyte (CL0002325)
    Fold Change: -0.0282
    Cell Significance Index: -3.6400
  • Cell Name: pulmonary alveolar epithelial cell (CL0000322)
    Fold Change: -0.0309
    Cell Significance Index: -23.4100
  • Cell Name: type B pancreatic cell (CL0000169)
    Fold Change: -0.0335
    Cell Significance Index: -18.8900
  • Cell Name: enterocyte of epithelium of large intestine (CL0002071)
    Fold Change: -0.0340
    Cell Significance Index: -1.5400
  • Cell Name: stromal cell of ovary (CL0002132)
    Fold Change: -0.0615
    Cell Significance Index: -8.4500
  • Cell Name: eye photoreceptor cell (CL0000287)
    Fold Change: -0.0671
    Cell Significance Index: -4.2300
  • Cell Name: pancreatic D cell (CL0000173)
    Fold Change: -0.0678
    Cell Significance Index: -14.2900
  • Cell Name: dopaminergic neuron (CL0000700)
    Fold Change: -0.0744
    Cell Significance Index: -21.4200
  • Cell Name: abnormal cell (CL0001061)
    Fold Change: -0.0787
    Cell Significance Index: -8.0400
  • Cell Name: progenitor cell of mammary luminal epithelium (CL0009116)
    Fold Change: -0.1017
    Cell Significance Index: -7.5800
  • Cell Name: basal cell of prostate epithelium (CL0002341)
    Fold Change: -0.1161
    Cell Significance Index: -3.1600
  • Cell Name: CD4-positive, alpha-beta memory T cell, CD45RO-positive (CL0001204)
    Fold Change: -0.1226
    Cell Significance Index: -3.6000
  • Cell Name: transit amplifying cell of colon (CL0009011)
    Fold Change: -0.1377
    Cell Significance Index: -4.4100
  • Cell Name: conjunctival epithelial cell (CL1000432)
    Fold Change: -0.1429
    Cell Significance Index: -1.9500
  • Cell Name: pancreatic ductal cell (CL0002079)
    Fold Change: -0.1549
    Cell Significance Index: -17.7500
  • Cell Name: intestinal crypt stem cell of small intestine (CL0009017)
    Fold Change: -0.1582
    Cell Significance Index: -3.3700
  • Cell Name: pvalb GABAergic cortical interneuron (CL4023018)
    Fold Change: -0.1654
    Cell Significance Index: -3.5100
  • Cell Name: OFF midget ganglion cell (CL4033047)
    Fold Change: -0.1700
    Cell Significance Index: -2.1200
  • Cell Name: placental villous trophoblast (CL2000060)
    Fold Change: -0.1745
    Cell Significance Index: -4.6600
  • Cell Name: sebum secreting cell (CL0000317)
    Fold Change: -0.2077
    Cell Significance Index: -14.6900
  • Cell Name: pancreatic endocrine cell (CL0008024)
    Fold Change: -0.2130
    Cell Significance Index: -24.3200
  • Cell Name: early pro-B cell (CL0002046)
    Fold Change: -0.2364
    Cell Significance Index: -15.2500
  • Cell Name: fibroblast of cardiac tissue (CL0002548)
    Fold Change: -0.2389
    Cell Significance Index: -3.4300
  • Cell Name: cortical cell of adrenal gland (CL0002097)
    Fold Change: -0.2394
    Cell Significance Index: -6.4200
  • Cell Name: enteroendocrine cell of small intestine (CL0009006)
    Fold Change: -0.2548
    Cell Significance Index: -6.3700
  • Cell Name: transit amplifying cell of small intestine (CL0009012)
    Fold Change: -0.2598
    Cell Significance Index: -5.3900
  • Cell Name: sst GABAergic cortical interneuron (CL4023017)
    Fold Change: -0.2698
    Cell Significance Index: -5.3400
  • Cell Name: lung endothelial cell (CL1001567)
    Fold Change: -0.2782
    Cell Significance Index: -14.4900
  • Cell Name: kidney loop of Henle descending limb epithelial cell (CL1001021)
    Fold Change: -0.2866
    Cell Significance Index: -22.7000
  • Cell Name: ON midget ganglion cell (CL4033046)
    Fold Change: -0.2908
    Cell Significance Index: -3.6700
  • Cell Name: glycinergic neuron (CL1001509)
    Fold Change: -0.3167
    Cell Significance Index: -16.6300
  • Cell Name: intestinal tuft cell (CL0019032)
    Fold Change: -0.3196
    Cell Significance Index: -19.6000
  • Cell Name: Hofbauer cell (CL3000001)
    Fold Change: -0.3213
    Cell Significance Index: -2.6200
  • Cell Name: corticothalamic-projecting glutamatergic cortical neuron (CL4023013)
    Fold Change: -0.3243
    Cell Significance Index: -10.3300
  • Cell Name: L6b glutamatergic cortical neuron (CL4023038)
    Fold Change: -0.3418
    Cell Significance Index: -11.1900
  • Cell Name: umbrella cell of urothelium (CL4030056)
    Fold Change: -0.3437
    Cell Significance Index: -3.1700
  • Cell Name: lamp5 GABAergic cortical interneuron (CL4023011)
    Fold Change: -0.3490
    Cell Significance Index: -7.5400

Cell ID: Standard Cell Ontology term used for mapping and comparing cells across experiments. Ensures consistency in analyzing cellular functions across tissues.
Fold Change: Represents the ratio of the current Cell Significance Index to the Cell Significance Index Threshold, indicating how much the gene expression has changed compared to a baseline.
Cell Significance Index: Reflects how strongly a gene is expressed in this specific cell.

Cell ID: Standard Cell Ontology term used for mapping and comparing cells across experiments. Ensures consistency in analyzing cellular functions across tissues.
Fold Change: Represents the ratio of the current Cell Significance Index to the Cell Significance Index Threshold, indicating how much the gene expression has changed compared to a baseline.
Cell Significance Index: Reflects how strongly a gene is expressed in this cell type. Calculated using techniques like effect size estimation and bootstrapping for reliability.

Cell ID: Standard Cell Ontology term used for mapping and comparing cells across experiments. Ensures consistency in analyzing cellular functions across tissues.
Fold Change: Represents the ratio of the current Cell Significance Index to the Cell Significance Index Threshold, indicating how much the gene expression has changed compared to a baseline.
Cell Significance Index: Reflects how strongly a gene is expressed in this cell type. Calculated using techniques like effect size estimation and bootstrapping for reliability.

Other Information

**Key Characteristics:** 1. **Mitochondrial localization**: PDK3 is a mitochondrial protein, suggesting its involvement in the regulation of mitochondrial function and energy production. 2. **Pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase activity**: PDK3 is a kinase that phosphorylates and thereby regulates the activity of the PDH complex. 3. **Regulation of pyruvate metabolism**: PDK3 plays a crucial role in controlling the conversion of pyruvate to acetyl-CoA, a key step in the citric acid cycle and ATP production. 4. **Interactions with other signaling pathways**: PDK3 is involved in various signaling pathways, including the hypoxia-inducible factor-1 alpha (HIF-1α) pathway, the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR) pathway, and the nuclear receptor signaling pathway. **Pathways and Functions:** 1. **Pyruvate metabolism**: PDK3 regulates the conversion of pyruvate to acetyl-CoA, a key step in the citric acid cycle and ATP production. 2. **Glucose metabolism**: PDK3 plays a crucial role in regulating glucose metabolism, particularly in the context of insulin resistance and diabetes. 3. **Reactive oxygen species (ROS) production**: PDK3 is involved in the regulation of ROS production, which is critical for cellular signaling and homeostasis. 4. **Signaling pathways**: PDK3 interacts with various signaling pathways, including the HIF-1α pathway, the PPAR pathway, and the nuclear receptor signaling pathway. 5. **Mitochondrial function**: PDK3 regulates mitochondrial function and energy production, particularly in the context of mitochondrial dysfunction and disease. **Clinical Significance:** 1. **Diabetes and insulin resistance**: PDK3 has been implicated in the pathogenesis of diabetes and insulin resistance, highlighting its potential as a therapeutic target. 2. **Mitochondrial diseases**: PDK3 is involved in the regulation of mitochondrial function, suggesting its potential role in the pathogenesis of mitochondrial diseases. 3. **Cancer**: PDK3 has been implicated in various cancer types, including colorectal, breast, and lung cancer, highlighting its potential as a therapeutic target. 4. **Neurological disorders**: PDK3 is involved in the regulation of glucose metabolism and energy production, suggesting its potential role in the pathogenesis of neurological disorders, such as Alzheimer's disease and Parkinson's disease. In conclusion, PDK3 is a critical regulator of pyruvate metabolism, playing a pivotal role in the control of energy homeostasis within cells. Its involvement in various signaling pathways and its regulation of mitochondrial function and energy production make it an attractive target for therapeutic intervention in various disease states, including diabetes, mitochondrial diseases, cancer, and neurological disorders.

Genular Protein ID: 366350980

Symbol: PDK3_HUMAN

Name: [Pyruvate dehydrogenase (acetyl-transferring)] kinase isozyme 3, mitochondrial

UniProtKB Accession Codes:

Database IDs:

Citations:

PubMed ID: 7499431

Title: Diversity of the pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase gene family in humans.

PubMed ID: 7499431

DOI: 10.1074/jbc.270.48.28989

PubMed ID: 14702039

Title: Complete sequencing and characterization of 21,243 full-length human cDNAs.

PubMed ID: 14702039

DOI: 10.1038/ng1285

PubMed ID: 15489334

Title: The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC).

PubMed ID: 15489334

DOI: 10.1101/gr.2596504

PubMed ID: 10748134

Title: Marked differences between two isoforms of human pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase.

PubMed ID: 10748134

DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m909488199

PubMed ID: 11486000

Title: Site specificity of four pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase isoenzymes toward the three phosphorylation sites of human pyruvate dehydrogenase.

PubMed ID: 11486000

DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m103069200

PubMed ID: 11978179

Title: Interaction between the individual isoenzymes of pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase and the inner lipoyl-bearing domain of transacetylase component of pyruvate dehydrogenase complex.

PubMed ID: 11978179

DOI: 10.1042/bj20020301

PubMed ID: 16436377

Title: Characterization of testis-specific isoenzyme of human pyruvate dehydrogenase.

PubMed ID: 16436377

DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m511481200

PubMed ID: 17669420

Title: Three members of the human pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase gene family are direct targets of the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor beta/delta.

PubMed ID: 17669420

DOI: 10.1016/j.jmb.2007.06.091

PubMed ID: 18718909

Title: Induction of pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase-3 by hypoxia-inducible factor-1 promotes metabolic switch and drug resistance.

PubMed ID: 18718909

DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m803508200

PubMed ID: 20715114

Title: Butyrate elicits a metabolic switch in human colon cancer cells by targeting the pyruvate dehydrogenase complex.

PubMed ID: 20715114

DOI: 10.1002/ijc.25599

PubMed ID: 21406692

Title: System-wide temporal characterization of the proteome and phosphoproteome of human embryonic stem cell differentiation.

PubMed ID: 21406692

DOI: 10.1126/scisignal.2001570

PubMed ID: 22865452

Title: Inactivation of the HIF-1alpha/PDK3 signaling axis drives melanoma toward mitochondrial oxidative metabolism and potentiates the therapeutic activity of pro-oxidants.

PubMed ID: 22865452

DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-12-0979

PubMed ID: 25944712

Title: N-terminome analysis of the human mitochondrial proteome.

PubMed ID: 25944712

DOI: 10.1002/pmic.201400617

PubMed ID: 15861126

Title: Crystal structure of pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase 3 bound to lipoyl domain 2 of human pyruvate dehydrogenase complex.

PubMed ID: 15861126

DOI: 10.1038/sj.emboj.7600663

PubMed ID: 17532006

Title: Crystal structure of an asymmetric complex of pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase 3 with lipoyl domain 2 and its biological implications.

PubMed ID: 17532006

DOI: 10.1016/j.jmb.2007.04.083

PubMed ID: 17683942

Title: Distinct structural mechanisms for inhibition of pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase isoforms by AZD7545, dichloroacetate, and radicicol.

PubMed ID: 17683942

DOI: 10.1016/j.str.2007.07.001

PubMed ID: 17344846

Title: Patterns of somatic mutation in human cancer genomes.

PubMed ID: 17344846

DOI: 10.1038/nature05610

PubMed ID: 23297365

Title: A new locus for X-linked dominant Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease (CMTX6) is caused by mutations in the pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase isoenzyme 3 (PDK3) gene.

PubMed ID: 23297365

DOI: 10.1093/hmg/dds557

Sequence Information:

  • Length: 406
  • Mass: 46939
  • Checksum: EF2415D3F9D8D61E
  • Sequence:
  • MRLFRWLLKQ PVPKQIERYS RFSPSPLSIK QFLDFGRDNA CEKTSYMFLR KELPVRLANT 
    MREVNLLPDN LLNRPSVGLV QSWYMQSFLE LLEYENKSPE DPQVLDNFLQ VLIKVRNRHN 
    DVVPTMAQGV IEYKEKFGFD PFISTNIQYF LDRFYTNRIS FRMLINQHTL LFGGDTNPVH 
    PKHIGSIDPT CNVADVVKDA YETAKMLCEQ YYLVAPELEV EEFNAKAPDK PIQVVYVPSH 
    LFHMLFELFK NSMRATVELY EDRKEGYPAV KTLVTLGKED LSIKISDLGG GVPLRKIDRL 
    FNYMYSTAPR PSLEPTRAAP LAGFGYGLPI SRLYARYFQG DLKLYSMEGV GTDAVIYLKA 
    LSSESFERLP VFNKSAWRHY KTTPEADDWS NPSSEPRDAS KYKAKQ

Database document:

This is a preview of the gene's schema. Only a few entries are kept for 'singleCellExpressions,' 'mRNAExpressions,' and other large data arrays for visualization purposes. You can zoom in with the mouse wheel for a closer view, and the text will adjust automatically if necessary. For the full schema, download it here.