Details for: PRIM2

Gene ID: 5558

Symbol: PRIM2

Ensembl ID: ENSG00000146143

Description: DNA primase subunit 2

Associated with

Cells (max top 100)

(Cell Significance Index and respective Thresholds are uniquely calculated using our advanced thresholding algorithms to reveal cell-specific gene markers)

  • Cell Name: polychromatophilic erythroblast (CL0000550)
    Fold Change: 160.5642
    Cell Significance Index: -24.9800
  • Cell Name: hematopoietic oligopotent progenitor cell (CL0002032)
    Fold Change: 102.8215
    Cell Significance Index: -26.0800
  • Cell Name: embryonic stem cell (CL0002322)
    Fold Change: 75.2766
    Cell Significance Index: -31.0100
  • Cell Name: smooth muscle fiber of ileum (CL1000278)
    Fold Change: 61.9966
    Cell Significance Index: -29.2700
  • Cell Name: mucosal type mast cell (CL0000485)
    Fold Change: 60.1959
    Cell Significance Index: -24.4600
  • Cell Name: orthochromatic erythroblast (CL0000552)
    Fold Change: 22.3771
    Cell Significance Index: -27.5900
  • Cell Name: CD8-alpha-beta-positive, alpha-beta intraepithelial T cell (CL0000796)
    Fold Change: 10.3589
    Cell Significance Index: -27.7500
  • Cell Name: epidermal Langerhans cell (CL0002457)
    Fold Change: 10.1984
    Cell Significance Index: -22.3200
  • Cell Name: CD8-positive, alpha-beta regulatory T cell (CL0000795)
    Fold Change: 7.8106
    Cell Significance Index: -23.9900
  • Cell Name: stromal cell of bone marrow (CL0010001)
    Fold Change: 7.1134
    Cell Significance Index: -28.0700
  • Cell Name: retinal progenitor cell (CL0002672)
    Fold Change: 2.6471
    Cell Significance Index: 148.5400
  • Cell Name: neoplastic cell (CL0001063)
    Fold Change: 2.0108
    Cell Significance Index: 399.0500
  • Cell Name: enteroendocrine cell of colon (CL0009042)
    Fold Change: 1.4384
    Cell Significance Index: 273.7400
  • Cell Name: basal epithelial cell of tracheobronchial tree (CL0002329)
    Fold Change: 1.3039
    Cell Significance Index: 36.4400
  • Cell Name: placental villous trophoblast (CL2000060)
    Fold Change: 1.1962
    Cell Significance Index: 31.9400
  • Cell Name: epithelial cell of small intestine (CL0002254)
    Fold Change: 1.1709
    Cell Significance Index: 190.4400
  • Cell Name: L2/3-6 intratelencephalic projecting glutamatergic neuron (CL4023040)
    Fold Change: 1.1601
    Cell Significance Index: 232.7100
  • Cell Name: obsolete caudal ganglionic eminence derived GABAergic cortical interneuron (CL4023070)
    Fold Change: 0.6711
    Cell Significance Index: 240.7100
  • Cell Name: preadipocyte (CL0002334)
    Fold Change: 0.6661
    Cell Significance Index: 13.0000
  • Cell Name: enteroendocrine cell of small intestine (CL0009006)
    Fold Change: 0.6585
    Cell Significance Index: 16.4600
  • Cell Name: tuft cell of colon (CL0009041)
    Fold Change: 0.6515
    Cell Significance Index: 588.2700
  • Cell Name: intestinal crypt stem cell of colon (CL0009043)
    Fold Change: 0.6415
    Cell Significance Index: 69.7800
  • Cell Name: gut absorptive cell (CL0000677)
    Fold Change: 0.5620
    Cell Significance Index: 33.7400
  • Cell Name: forebrain neuroblast (CL1000042)
    Fold Change: 0.4720
    Cell Significance Index: 29.0100
  • Cell Name: basal epithelial cell of prostatic duct (CL0002236)
    Fold Change: 0.4608
    Cell Significance Index: 4.0900
  • Cell Name: indirect pathway medium spiny neuron (CL4023029)
    Fold Change: 0.4558
    Cell Significance Index: 20.1600
  • Cell Name: direct pathway medium spiny neuron (CL4023026)
    Fold Change: 0.4385
    Cell Significance Index: 16.6100
  • Cell Name: cardiac muscle myoblast (CL0000513)
    Fold Change: 0.4049
    Cell Significance Index: 31.0700
  • Cell Name: cell in vitro (CL0001034)
    Fold Change: 0.3013
    Cell Significance Index: 164.5600
  • Cell Name: epithelial cell of stomach (CL0002178)
    Fold Change: 0.3007
    Cell Significance Index: 35.0400
  • Cell Name: hippocampal granule cell (CL0001033)
    Fold Change: 0.2915
    Cell Significance Index: 19.6000
  • Cell Name: GABAergic interneuron (CL0011005)
    Fold Change: 0.2567
    Cell Significance Index: 177.5500
  • Cell Name: tuft cell of small intestine (CL0009080)
    Fold Change: 0.2230
    Cell Significance Index: 2.2500
  • Cell Name: paneth cell of epithelium of small intestine (CL1000343)
    Fold Change: 0.2229
    Cell Significance Index: 4.8300
  • Cell Name: epithelial cell of prostate (CL0002231)
    Fold Change: 0.2204
    Cell Significance Index: 1.3600
  • Cell Name: colon goblet cell (CL0009039)
    Fold Change: 0.2066
    Cell Significance Index: 20.4400
  • Cell Name: tonsil germinal center B cell (CL2000006)
    Fold Change: 0.1973
    Cell Significance Index: 23.2700
  • Cell Name: microfold cell of epithelium of small intestine (CL1000353)
    Fold Change: 0.1782
    Cell Significance Index: 12.3300
  • Cell Name: lens fiber cell (CL0011004)
    Fold Change: 0.1690
    Cell Significance Index: 5.3500
  • Cell Name: intermediate cell of urothelium (CL4030055)
    Fold Change: 0.1503
    Cell Significance Index: 27.1000
  • Cell Name: basal cell of urothelium (CL1000486)
    Fold Change: 0.1449
    Cell Significance Index: 17.8200
  • Cell Name: pigmented epithelial cell (CL0000529)
    Fold Change: 0.1440
    Cell Significance Index: 271.0700
  • Cell Name: enterocyte of epithelium of large intestine (CL0002071)
    Fold Change: 0.1432
    Cell Significance Index: 6.4900
  • Cell Name: hair follicular keratinocyte (CL2000092)
    Fold Change: 0.1396
    Cell Significance Index: 61.7200
  • Cell Name: ciliary muscle cell (CL1000443)
    Fold Change: 0.0955
    Cell Significance Index: 43.3400
  • Cell Name: lens epithelial cell (CL0002224)
    Fold Change: 0.0754
    Cell Significance Index: 116.1400
  • Cell Name: anterior lens cell (CL0002223)
    Fold Change: 0.0718
    Cell Significance Index: 132.4600
  • Cell Name: cerebellar granule cell (CL0001031)
    Fold Change: 0.0601
    Cell Significance Index: 1.0300
  • Cell Name: stromal cell of ovary (CL0002132)
    Fold Change: 0.0590
    Cell Significance Index: 8.1100
  • Cell Name: non-pigmented ciliary epithelial cell (CL0002304)
    Fold Change: 0.0582
    Cell Significance Index: 36.9800
  • Cell Name: enterocyte of epithelium of small intestine (CL1000334)
    Fold Change: 0.0535
    Cell Significance Index: 1.5400
  • Cell Name: cortical interneuron (CL0008031)
    Fold Change: 0.0275
    Cell Significance Index: 0.6600
  • Cell Name: fibroblast of cardiac tissue (CL0002548)
    Fold Change: 0.0268
    Cell Significance Index: 0.3900
  • Cell Name: small intestine goblet cell (CL1000495)
    Fold Change: 0.0239
    Cell Significance Index: 0.8400
  • Cell Name: secondary lens fiber (CL0002225)
    Fold Change: 0.0217
    Cell Significance Index: 29.5600
  • Cell Name: periportal region hepatocyte (CL0019026)
    Fold Change: -0.0173
    Cell Significance Index: -0.2600
  • Cell Name: bladder urothelial cell (CL1001428)
    Fold Change: -0.0206
    Cell Significance Index: -1.0700
  • Cell Name: pigmented ciliary epithelial cell (CL0002303)
    Fold Change: -0.0213
    Cell Significance Index: -3.0900
  • Cell Name: kidney loop of Henle cortical thick ascending limb epithelial cell (CL1001109)
    Fold Change: -0.0326
    Cell Significance Index: -23.8800
  • Cell Name: pancreatic A cell (CL0000171)
    Fold Change: -0.0346
    Cell Significance Index: -25.6200
  • Cell Name: pulmonary alveolar epithelial cell (CL0000322)
    Fold Change: -0.0367
    Cell Significance Index: -27.7800
  • Cell Name: type B pancreatic cell (CL0000169)
    Fold Change: -0.0491
    Cell Significance Index: -27.7000
  • Cell Name: pancreatic PP cell (CL0002275)
    Fold Change: -0.0501
    Cell Significance Index: -31.3000
  • Cell Name: pancreatic acinar cell (CL0002064)
    Fold Change: -0.0657
    Cell Significance Index: -11.2200
  • Cell Name: leptomeningeal cell (CL0000708)
    Fold Change: -0.0744
    Cell Significance Index: -1.5900
  • Cell Name: early pro-B cell (CL0002046)
    Fold Change: -0.0766
    Cell Significance Index: -4.9400
  • Cell Name: conjunctival epithelial cell (CL1000432)
    Fold Change: -0.0836
    Cell Significance Index: -1.1400
  • Cell Name: dopaminergic neuron (CL0000700)
    Fold Change: -0.0880
    Cell Significance Index: -25.3100
  • Cell Name: skeletal muscle fiber (CL0008002)
    Fold Change: -0.0969
    Cell Significance Index: -2.4900
  • Cell Name: smooth muscle cell of sphincter of pupil (CL0002243)
    Fold Change: -0.1019
    Cell Significance Index: -10.6100
  • Cell Name: odontoblast (CL0000060)
    Fold Change: -0.1104
    Cell Significance Index: -14.1500
  • Cell Name: mesenchymal cell (CL0008019)
    Fold Change: -0.1192
    Cell Significance Index: -2.0000
  • Cell Name: abnormal cell (CL0001061)
    Fold Change: -0.1303
    Cell Significance Index: -13.3100
  • Cell Name: eye photoreceptor cell (CL0000287)
    Fold Change: -0.1415
    Cell Significance Index: -8.9200
  • Cell Name: pancreatic ductal cell (CL0002079)
    Fold Change: -0.1444
    Cell Significance Index: -16.5500
  • Cell Name: pancreatic D cell (CL0000173)
    Fold Change: -0.1456
    Cell Significance Index: -30.6600
  • Cell Name: lactocyte (CL0002325)
    Fold Change: -0.1463
    Cell Significance Index: -18.9000
  • Cell Name: luminal adaptive secretory precursor cell of mammary gland (CL4033057)
    Fold Change: -0.1470
    Cell Significance Index: -6.9100
  • Cell Name: mesonephric nephron tubule epithelial cell (CL1000022)
    Fold Change: -0.1545
    Cell Significance Index: -5.3700
  • Cell Name: acinar cell of salivary gland (CL0002623)
    Fold Change: -0.1666
    Cell Significance Index: -7.7700
  • Cell Name: hippocampal pyramidal neuron (CL1001571)
    Fold Change: -0.1673
    Cell Significance Index: -4.7800
  • Cell Name: sebum secreting cell (CL0000317)
    Fold Change: -0.1902
    Cell Significance Index: -13.4600
  • Cell Name: transit amplifying cell of small intestine (CL0009012)
    Fold Change: -0.2213
    Cell Significance Index: -4.5900
  • Cell Name: decidual cell (CL2000002)
    Fold Change: -0.2225
    Cell Significance Index: -3.5700
  • Cell Name: intestinal tuft cell (CL0019032)
    Fold Change: -0.2680
    Cell Significance Index: -16.4300
  • Cell Name: cardiac endothelial cell (CL0010008)
    Fold Change: -0.2698
    Cell Significance Index: -3.8800
  • Cell Name: progenitor cell of mammary luminal epithelium (CL0009116)
    Fold Change: -0.2910
    Cell Significance Index: -21.6900
  • Cell Name: intestinal crypt stem cell of small intestine (CL0009017)
    Fold Change: -0.2958
    Cell Significance Index: -6.3000
  • Cell Name: Purkinje cell (CL0000121)
    Fold Change: -0.3000
    Cell Significance Index: -6.5700
  • Cell Name: kidney loop of Henle descending limb epithelial cell (CL1001021)
    Fold Change: -0.3292
    Cell Significance Index: -26.0800
  • Cell Name: cortical cell of adrenal gland (CL0002097)
    Fold Change: -0.3831
    Cell Significance Index: -10.2700
  • Cell Name: L6b glutamatergic cortical neuron (CL4023038)
    Fold Change: -0.3888
    Cell Significance Index: -12.7300
  • Cell Name: transit amplifying cell of colon (CL0009011)
    Fold Change: -0.3986
    Cell Significance Index: -12.7700
  • Cell Name: lung endothelial cell (CL1001567)
    Fold Change: -0.4024
    Cell Significance Index: -20.9600
  • Cell Name: glycinergic neuron (CL1001509)
    Fold Change: -0.4152
    Cell Significance Index: -21.8000
  • Cell Name: corticothalamic-projecting glutamatergic cortical neuron (CL4023013)
    Fold Change: -0.4179
    Cell Significance Index: -13.3100
  • Cell Name: Hofbauer cell (CL3000001)
    Fold Change: -0.4476
    Cell Significance Index: -3.6500
  • Cell Name: umbrella cell of urothelium (CL4030056)
    Fold Change: -0.4642
    Cell Significance Index: -4.2800
  • Cell Name: OFF midget ganglion cell (CL4033047)
    Fold Change: -0.4892
    Cell Significance Index: -6.1000
  • Cell Name: pro-T cell (CL0000827)
    Fold Change: -0.4897
    Cell Significance Index: -12.5100

Cell ID: Standard Cell Ontology term used for mapping and comparing cells across experiments. Ensures consistency in analyzing cellular functions across tissues.
Fold Change: Represents the ratio of the current Cell Significance Index to the Cell Significance Index Threshold, indicating how much the gene expression has changed compared to a baseline.
Cell Significance Index: Reflects how strongly a gene is expressed in this specific cell.

Cell ID: Standard Cell Ontology term used for mapping and comparing cells across experiments. Ensures consistency in analyzing cellular functions across tissues.
Fold Change: Represents the ratio of the current Cell Significance Index to the Cell Significance Index Threshold, indicating how much the gene expression has changed compared to a baseline.
Cell Significance Index: Reflects how strongly a gene is expressed in this cell type. Calculated using techniques like effect size estimation and bootstrapping for reliability.

Cell ID: Standard Cell Ontology term used for mapping and comparing cells across experiments. Ensures consistency in analyzing cellular functions across tissues.
Fold Change: Represents the ratio of the current Cell Significance Index to the Cell Significance Index Threshold, indicating how much the gene expression has changed compared to a baseline.
Cell Significance Index: Reflects how strongly a gene is expressed in this cell type. Calculated using techniques like effect size estimation and bootstrapping for reliability.

Other Information

**Key Characteristics:** 1. **DNA Primase Subunit:** PRIM2 is a subunit of the DNA primase enzyme, which is essential for initiating DNA synthesis by synthesizing RNA primers. 2. **Cellular Expression:** PRIM2 is significantly expressed in various cell types, including corneal epithelial cells, mural cells, and kidney interstitial fibroblasts. 3. **DNA Replication:** PRIM2 is involved in the regulation of DNA replication, including the activation of the pre-replicative complex, the synthesis of RNA primers, and the elongation of the leading strand. 4. **Cell Cycle Regulation:** PRIM2 is also involved in the regulation of the cell cycle, particularly during the G1/S transition and the G2/M transition. **Pathways and Functions:** 1. **DNA Replication Initiation:** PRIM2 is involved in the initiation of DNA replication, including the activation of the pre-replicative complex and the synthesis of RNA primers. 2. **Leading Strand Synthesis:** PRIM2 is involved in the elongation of the leading strand, which is the dominant strand of DNA synthesis during replication. 3. **Lagging Strand Synthesis:** PRIM2 is also involved in the synthesis of the lagging strand, which is the less-dominant strand of DNA synthesis during replication. 4. **Telomere Maintenance:** PRIM2 is involved in the maintenance of telomeres, which are the protective caps on the ends of chromosomes that prevent DNA degradation and fusion. **Clinical Significance:** 1. **Cancer:** Alterations in PRIM2 expression have been linked to various cancers, including breast cancer, lung cancer, and colon cancer. 2. **Genetic Disorders:** PRIM2 mutations have been associated with genetic disorders, such as Bloom syndrome, which is characterized by short stature, premature aging, and increased risk of cancer. 3. **Aging:** PRIM2 has been implicated in the regulation of telomere length and the maintenance of genome stability, which is critical for healthy aging. 4. **Infectious Diseases:** PRIM2 has been shown to play a role in the regulation of DNA replication in response to viral infections, such as HIV. In conclusion, PRIM2 is a vital gene that plays a crucial role in maintaining genome integrity and cellular homeostasis. Its dysregulation has been linked to various diseases, including cancer, genetic disorders, and aging. Further research is needed to fully understand the mechanisms by which PRIM2 regulates DNA replication and to explore its therapeutic potential in the treatment of these diseases.

Genular Protein ID: 1155845276

Symbol: PRI2_HUMAN

Name: DNA primase large subunit

UniProtKB Accession Codes:

P49643 Q53FJ8 Q6P1Q7 Q8WVL2 Q9H413

Database IDs:

AGR 1 AlphaFoldDB 1 Antibodypedia 1 BRENDA 1 Bgee 1 BioGRID 1 BioGRID-ORCS 1 BioMuta 1 CCDS 2 CDD 1 CORUM 1 CTD 1 ChEBI 5 ChEMBL 1 ChiTaRS 1 ComplexPortal 1 DIP 1 DMDM 1 DNASU 1 DisGeNET 1 EMBL 5 EMDB 12 Ensembl 3 EvolutionaryTrace 1 ExpressionAtlas 1 GO 10 Gene3D 1 GeneCards 1 GeneTree 1 GeneWiki 1 GenomeRNAi 1 GlyGen 1 HGNC 1 HOGENOM 1 HPA 1 InParanoid 1 IntAct 1 InterPro 2 KEGG 1 MANE-Select 1 MIM 1 MINT 1 MassIVE 1 NCBI Taxonomy 1 OMA 1 OpenTargets 1 OrthoDB 1 PANTHER 2 PDB 20 PDBsum 20 PIR 1 PIRSF 1 PRO 1 PathwayCommons 1 PaxDb 1 PeptideAtlas 1 Pfam 1 PharmGKB 1 Pharos 1 PhosphoSitePlus 1 PhylomeDB 1 Proteomes 1 ProteomicsDB 2 Pumba 1 RNAct 1 Reactome 9 RefSeq 3 SASBDB 1 SIGNOR 1 SMR 1 STRING 1 SUPFAM 1 SignaLink 1 UCSC 1 VEuPathDB 1 eggNOG 1 iPTMnet 1 jPOST 1 neXtProt 1

Citations:

PubMed ID: 8026492

Title: DNA replication in vitro by recombinant DNA-polymerase-alpha-primase.

PubMed ID: 8026492

DOI: 10.1111/j.1432-1033.1994.tb18925.x

PubMed ID: 14574404

Title: The DNA sequence and analysis of human chromosome 6.

PubMed ID: 14574404

DOI: 10.1038/nature02055

PubMed ID: 15489334

Title: The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC).

PubMed ID: 15489334

DOI: 10.1101/gr.2596504

PubMed ID: 9705292

Title: Primase activity of human DNA polymerase alpha-primase. Divalent cations stabilize the enzyme activity of the p48 subunit.

PubMed ID: 9705292

DOI: 10.1074/jbc.273.34.21608

PubMed ID: 17893144

Title: An iron-sulfur cluster in the C-terminal domain of the p58 subunit of human DNA primase.

PubMed ID: 17893144

DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m705826200

PubMed ID: 19413330

Title: Lys-N and trypsin cover complementary parts of the phosphoproteome in a refined SCX-based approach.

PubMed ID: 19413330

DOI: 10.1021/ac9004309

PubMed ID: 20068231

Title: Quantitative phosphoproteomics reveals widespread full phosphorylation site occupancy during mitosis.

PubMed ID: 20068231

DOI: 10.1126/scisignal.2000475

PubMed ID: 21269460

Title: Initial characterization of the human central proteome.

PubMed ID: 21269460

DOI: 10.1186/1752-0509-5-17

PubMed ID: 21406692

Title: System-wide temporal characterization of the proteome and phosphoproteome of human embryonic stem cell differentiation.

PubMed ID: 21406692

DOI: 10.1126/scisignal.2001570

PubMed ID: 23186163

Title: Toward a comprehensive characterization of a human cancer cell phosphoproteome.

PubMed ID: 23186163

DOI: 10.1021/pr300630k

PubMed ID: 24043831

Title: Structures of human primase reveal design of nucleotide elongation site and mode of Pol alpha tethering.

PubMed ID: 24043831

DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1311185110

PubMed ID: 25550159

Title: Crystal structure of the human primase.

PubMed ID: 25550159

DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m114.624742

PubMed ID: 26975377

Title: Mechanism of Concerted RNA-DNA Primer Synthesis by the Human Primosome.

PubMed ID: 26975377

DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m116.717405

PubMed ID: 19369195

Title: Large-scale proteomics analysis of the human kinome.

PubMed ID: 19369195

DOI: 10.1074/mcp.m800588-mcp200

Sequence Information:

  • Length: 509
  • Mass: 58806
  • Checksum: 80195D48103F87A7
  • Sequence:
    • MEFSGRKWRK LRLAGDQRNA SYPHCLQFYL QPPSENISLI EFENLAIDRV KLLKSVENLG 
VSYVKGTEQY QSKLESELRK LKFSYRENLE DEYEPRRRDH ISHFILRLAY CQSEELRRWF 
IQQEMDLLRF RFSILPKDKI QDFLKDSQLQ FEAISDEEKT LREQEIVASS PSLSGLKLGF 
ESIYKIPFAD ALDLFRGRKV YLEDGFAYVP LKDIVAIILN EFRAKLSKAL ALTARSLPAV 
QSDERLQPLL NHLSHSYTGQ DYSTQGNVGK ISLDQIDLLS TKSFPPCMRQ LHKALRENHH 
LRHGGRMQYG LFLKGIGLTL EQALQFWKQE FIKGKMDPDK FDKGYSYNIR HSFGKEGKRT 
DYTPFSCLKI ILSNPPSQGD YHGCPFRHSD PELLKQKLQS YKISPGGISQ ILDLVKGTHY 
QVACQKYFEM IHNVDDCGFS LNHPNQFFCE SQRILNGGKD IKKEPIQPET PQPKPSVQKT 
KDASSALASL NSSLEMDMEG LEDYFSEDS

Database document:

This is a preview of the gene's schema. Only a few entries are kept for 'singleCellExpressions,' 'mRNAExpressions,' and other large data arrays for visualization purposes. You can zoom in with the mouse wheel for a closer view, and the text will adjust automatically if necessary. For the full schema, download it here.