Details for: TPH1

Gene ID: 7166

Symbol: TPH1

Ensembl ID: ENSG00000129167

Description: tryptophan hydroxylase 1

Associated with

Cells (max top 100)

(Cell Significance Index and respective Thresholds are uniquely calculated using our advanced thresholding algorithms to reveal cell-specific gene markers)

  • Cell Name: polychromatophilic erythroblast (CL0000550)
    Fold Change: 23.9159
    Cell Significance Index: -3.7200
  • Cell Name: hematopoietic oligopotent progenitor cell (CL0002032)
    Fold Change: 14.3509
    Cell Significance Index: -3.6400
  • Cell Name: ileal goblet cell (CL1000326)
    Fold Change: 5.9014
    Cell Significance Index: -3.9600
  • Cell Name: orthochromatic erythroblast (CL0000552)
    Fold Change: 3.0496
    Cell Significance Index: -3.7600
  • Cell Name: stromal cell of bone marrow (CL0010001)
    Fold Change: 0.9554
    Cell Significance Index: -3.7700
  • Cell Name: colon goblet cell (CL0009039)
    Fold Change: 0.8797
    Cell Significance Index: 87.0300
  • Cell Name: enteroendocrine cell of colon (CL0009042)
    Fold Change: 0.8690
    Cell Significance Index: 165.3800
  • Cell Name: tuft cell of colon (CL0009041)
    Fold Change: 0.7687
    Cell Significance Index: 694.1100
  • Cell Name: epithelial cell of pancreas (CL0000083)
    Fold Change: 0.6627
    Cell Significance Index: 10.9200
  • Cell Name: intestinal crypt stem cell of colon (CL0009043)
    Fold Change: 0.5833
    Cell Significance Index: 63.4500
  • Cell Name: gut absorptive cell (CL0000677)
    Fold Change: 0.5807
    Cell Significance Index: 34.8600
  • Cell Name: transit amplifying cell of small intestine (CL0009012)
    Fold Change: 0.5124
    Cell Significance Index: 10.6300
  • Cell Name: epithelial cell of small intestine (CL0002254)
    Fold Change: 0.4745
    Cell Significance Index: 77.1700
  • Cell Name: microfold cell of epithelium of small intestine (CL1000353)
    Fold Change: 0.3144
    Cell Significance Index: 21.7400
  • Cell Name: GABAergic interneuron (CL0011005)
    Fold Change: 0.3000
    Cell Significance Index: 207.4700
  • Cell Name: small intestine goblet cell (CL1000495)
    Fold Change: 0.2462
    Cell Significance Index: 8.6500
  • Cell Name: intestinal enteroendocrine cell (CL1001516)
    Fold Change: 0.2211
    Cell Significance Index: 1.7900
  • Cell Name: enterocyte of epithelium of large intestine (CL0002071)
    Fold Change: 0.1452
    Cell Significance Index: 6.5800
  • Cell Name: BEST4+ enteroycte (CL4030026)
    Fold Change: 0.1267
    Cell Significance Index: 1.9100
  • Cell Name: myeloid lineage restricted progenitor cell (CL0000839)
    Fold Change: 0.1201
    Cell Significance Index: 1.6900
  • Cell Name: paneth cell of colon (CL0009009)
    Fold Change: 0.1115
    Cell Significance Index: 1.6700
  • Cell Name: retinal bipolar neuron (CL0000748)
    Fold Change: 0.0973
    Cell Significance Index: 1.1800
  • Cell Name: enterocyte of epithelium of small intestine (CL1000334)
    Fold Change: 0.0462
    Cell Significance Index: 1.3300
  • Cell Name: neoplastic cell (CL0001063)
    Fold Change: 0.0381
    Cell Significance Index: 7.5600
  • Cell Name: obsolete caudal ganglionic eminence derived GABAergic cortical interneuron (CL4023070)
    Fold Change: 0.0272
    Cell Significance Index: 9.7400
  • Cell Name: L2/3-6 intratelencephalic projecting glutamatergic neuron (CL4023040)
    Fold Change: 0.0264
    Cell Significance Index: 5.3000
  • Cell Name: paneth cell of epithelium of small intestine (CL1000343)
    Fold Change: 0.0240
    Cell Significance Index: 0.5200
  • Cell Name: hair follicular keratinocyte (CL2000092)
    Fold Change: 0.0235
    Cell Significance Index: 10.4100
  • Cell Name: OFF-bipolar cell (CL0000750)
    Fold Change: 0.0193
    Cell Significance Index: 0.1700
  • Cell Name: keratocyte (CL0002363)
    Fold Change: 0.0183
    Cell Significance Index: 0.2900
  • Cell Name: sebum secreting cell (CL0000317)
    Fold Change: 0.0156
    Cell Significance Index: 1.1000
  • Cell Name: erythroid progenitor cell (CL0000038)
    Fold Change: 0.0134
    Cell Significance Index: 0.1800
  • Cell Name: epithelial cell of stomach (CL0002178)
    Fold Change: 0.0102
    Cell Significance Index: 1.1900
  • Cell Name: odontoblast (CL0000060)
    Fold Change: 0.0090
    Cell Significance Index: 1.1500
  • Cell Name: intestinal crypt stem cell of small intestine (CL0009017)
    Fold Change: 0.0019
    Cell Significance Index: 0.0400
  • Cell Name: stromal cell of ovary (CL0002132)
    Fold Change: 0.0012
    Cell Significance Index: 0.1600
  • Cell Name: eye photoreceptor cell (CL0000287)
    Fold Change: 0.0011
    Cell Significance Index: 0.0700
  • Cell Name: anterior lens cell (CL0002223)
    Fold Change: 0.0009
    Cell Significance Index: 1.5700
  • Cell Name: pigmented epithelial cell (CL0000529)
    Fold Change: 0.0002
    Cell Significance Index: 0.3800
  • Cell Name: lens epithelial cell (CL0002224)
    Fold Change: -0.0003
    Cell Significance Index: -0.4400
  • Cell Name: cell in vitro (CL0001034)
    Fold Change: -0.0004
    Cell Significance Index: -0.2200
  • Cell Name: intermediate cell of urothelium (CL4030055)
    Fold Change: -0.0009
    Cell Significance Index: -0.1600
  • Cell Name: pancreatic A cell (CL0000171)
    Fold Change: -0.0009
    Cell Significance Index: -0.6300
  • Cell Name: Purkinje cell (CL0000121)
    Fold Change: -0.0018
    Cell Significance Index: -0.0400
  • Cell Name: basal epithelial cell of tracheobronchial tree (CL0002329)
    Fold Change: -0.0018
    Cell Significance Index: -0.0500
  • Cell Name: type B pancreatic cell (CL0000169)
    Fold Change: -0.0020
    Cell Significance Index: -1.1000
  • Cell Name: secondary lens fiber (CL0002225)
    Fold Change: -0.0021
    Cell Significance Index: -2.8900
  • Cell Name: kidney loop of Henle cortical thick ascending limb epithelial cell (CL1001109)
    Fold Change: -0.0036
    Cell Significance Index: -2.6200
  • Cell Name: non-pigmented ciliary epithelial cell (CL0002304)
    Fold Change: -0.0041
    Cell Significance Index: -2.5800
  • Cell Name: pulmonary alveolar epithelial cell (CL0000322)
    Fold Change: -0.0053
    Cell Significance Index: -4.0000
  • Cell Name: dopaminergic neuron (CL0000700)
    Fold Change: -0.0060
    Cell Significance Index: -1.7400
  • Cell Name: retinal progenitor cell (CL0002672)
    Fold Change: -0.0068
    Cell Significance Index: -0.3800
  • Cell Name: ciliary muscle cell (CL1000443)
    Fold Change: -0.0076
    Cell Significance Index: -3.4600
  • Cell Name: pigmented ciliary epithelial cell (CL0002303)
    Fold Change: -0.0089
    Cell Significance Index: -1.2900
  • Cell Name: forebrain neuroblast (CL1000042)
    Fold Change: -0.0094
    Cell Significance Index: -0.5800
  • Cell Name: acinar cell of salivary gland (CL0002623)
    Fold Change: -0.0099
    Cell Significance Index: -0.4600
  • Cell Name: basal cell of urothelium (CL1000486)
    Fold Change: -0.0108
    Cell Significance Index: -1.3300
  • Cell Name: pancreatic D cell (CL0000173)
    Fold Change: -0.0120
    Cell Significance Index: -2.5300
  • Cell Name: pancreatic acinar cell (CL0002064)
    Fold Change: -0.0121
    Cell Significance Index: -2.0600
  • Cell Name: fibro/adipogenic progenitor cell (CL0009099)
    Fold Change: -0.0142
    Cell Significance Index: -0.7200
  • Cell Name: basal cell of prostate epithelium (CL0002341)
    Fold Change: -0.0154
    Cell Significance Index: -0.4200
  • Cell Name: pancreatic ductal cell (CL0002079)
    Fold Change: -0.0161
    Cell Significance Index: -1.8400
  • Cell Name: neuroendocrine cell (CL0000165)
    Fold Change: -0.0166
    Cell Significance Index: -0.2100
  • Cell Name: transit amplifying cell of colon (CL0009011)
    Fold Change: -0.0169
    Cell Significance Index: -0.5400
  • Cell Name: direct pathway medium spiny neuron (CL4023026)
    Fold Change: -0.0182
    Cell Significance Index: -0.6900
  • Cell Name: early pro-B cell (CL0002046)
    Fold Change: -0.0205
    Cell Significance Index: -1.3200
  • Cell Name: indirect pathway medium spiny neuron (CL4023029)
    Fold Change: -0.0206
    Cell Significance Index: -0.9100
  • Cell Name: conjunctival epithelial cell (CL1000432)
    Fold Change: -0.0213
    Cell Significance Index: -0.2900
  • Cell Name: abnormal cell (CL0001061)
    Fold Change: -0.0215
    Cell Significance Index: -2.2000
  • Cell Name: progenitor cell of mammary luminal epithelium (CL0009116)
    Fold Change: -0.0217
    Cell Significance Index: -1.6200
  • Cell Name: medial ganglionic eminence derived interneuron (CL4023063)
    Fold Change: -0.0234
    Cell Significance Index: -0.3400
  • Cell Name: cardiac muscle myoblast (CL0000513)
    Fold Change: -0.0248
    Cell Significance Index: -1.9000
  • Cell Name: lactocyte (CL0002325)
    Fold Change: -0.0256
    Cell Significance Index: -3.3100
  • Cell Name: tonsil germinal center B cell (CL2000006)
    Fold Change: -0.0269
    Cell Significance Index: -3.1700
  • Cell Name: intestinal tuft cell (CL0019032)
    Fold Change: -0.0284
    Cell Significance Index: -1.7400
  • Cell Name: bladder urothelial cell (CL1001428)
    Fold Change: -0.0306
    Cell Significance Index: -1.5900
  • Cell Name: hippocampal granule cell (CL0001033)
    Fold Change: -0.0315
    Cell Significance Index: -2.1200
  • Cell Name: enteroendocrine cell of small intestine (CL0009006)
    Fold Change: -0.0316
    Cell Significance Index: -0.7900
  • Cell Name: skeletal muscle fiber (CL0008002)
    Fold Change: -0.0333
    Cell Significance Index: -0.8600
  • Cell Name: smooth muscle cell of sphincter of pupil (CL0002243)
    Fold Change: -0.0334
    Cell Significance Index: -3.4800
  • Cell Name: luminal adaptive secretory precursor cell of mammary gland (CL4033057)
    Fold Change: -0.0485
    Cell Significance Index: -2.2800
  • Cell Name: epithelial cell of urethra (CL1000296)
    Fold Change: -0.0501
    Cell Significance Index: -0.3100
  • Cell Name: basal cell of epidermis (CL0002187)
    Fold Change: -0.0514
    Cell Significance Index: -0.7800
  • Cell Name: primitive red blood cell (CL0002355)
    Fold Change: -0.0574
    Cell Significance Index: -0.6500
  • Cell Name: neuron associated cell (CL0000095)
    Fold Change: -0.0583
    Cell Significance Index: -2.3900
  • Cell Name: glycinergic neuron (CL1001509)
    Fold Change: -0.0602
    Cell Significance Index: -3.1600
  • Cell Name: fibroblast of dermis (CL0002551)
    Fold Change: -0.0602
    Cell Significance Index: -1.2600
  • Cell Name: mesenchymal cell (CL0008019)
    Fold Change: -0.0633
    Cell Significance Index: -1.0600
  • Cell Name: eukaryotic cell (CL0000255)
    Fold Change: -0.0651
    Cell Significance Index: -2.8300
  • Cell Name: lung endothelial cell (CL1001567)
    Fold Change: -0.0655
    Cell Significance Index: -3.4100
  • Cell Name: preadipocyte (CL0002334)
    Fold Change: -0.0666
    Cell Significance Index: -1.3000
  • Cell Name: tuft cell of small intestine (CL0009080)
    Fold Change: -0.0714
    Cell Significance Index: -0.7200
  • Cell Name: cortical cell of adrenal gland (CL0002097)
    Fold Change: -0.0776
    Cell Significance Index: -2.0800
  • Cell Name: corneal epithelial cell (CL0000575)
    Fold Change: -0.0783
    Cell Significance Index: -1.1200
  • Cell Name: L5 extratelencephalic projecting glutamatergic cortical neuron (CL4023041)
    Fold Change: -0.0801
    Cell Significance Index: -2.8100
  • Cell Name: retinal rod cell (CL0000604)
    Fold Change: -0.0805
    Cell Significance Index: -0.9600
  • Cell Name: neutrophil progenitor cell (CL0000834)
    Fold Change: -0.0854
    Cell Significance Index: -2.2900
  • Cell Name: mesonephric nephron tubule epithelial cell (CL1000022)
    Fold Change: -0.0860
    Cell Significance Index: -2.9900
  • Cell Name: L6b glutamatergic cortical neuron (CL4023038)
    Fold Change: -0.0870
    Cell Significance Index: -2.8500
  • Cell Name: corticothalamic-projecting glutamatergic cortical neuron (CL4023013)
    Fold Change: -0.0879
    Cell Significance Index: -2.8000

Cell ID: Standard Cell Ontology term used for mapping and comparing cells across experiments. Ensures consistency in analyzing cellular functions across tissues.
Fold Change: Represents the ratio of the current Cell Significance Index to the Cell Significance Index Threshold, indicating how much the gene expression has changed compared to a baseline.
Cell Significance Index: Reflects how strongly a gene is expressed in this specific cell.

Cell ID: Standard Cell Ontology term used for mapping and comparing cells across experiments. Ensures consistency in analyzing cellular functions across tissues.
Fold Change: Represents the ratio of the current Cell Significance Index to the Cell Significance Index Threshold, indicating how much the gene expression has changed compared to a baseline.
Cell Significance Index: Reflects how strongly a gene is expressed in this cell type. Calculated using techniques like effect size estimation and bootstrapping for reliability.

Cell ID: Standard Cell Ontology term used for mapping and comparing cells across experiments. Ensures consistency in analyzing cellular functions across tissues.
Fold Change: Represents the ratio of the current Cell Significance Index to the Cell Significance Index Threshold, indicating how much the gene expression has changed compared to a baseline.
Cell Significance Index: Reflects how strongly a gene is expressed in this cell type. Calculated using techniques like effect size estimation and bootstrapping for reliability.

Other Information

**Key Characteristics:** TPH1 is a cytosolic enzyme that catalyzes the hydroxylation of tryptophan to 5-hydroxytryptophan (5-HTP), the rate-limiting step in serotonin biosynthesis. This enzyme is highly expressed in the brain, particularly in the cerebral cortex, and in the gastrointestinal tract, where it is essential for the regulation of gut motility and secretion. TPH1 is also present in other tissues, including the mammary gland, bone, and immune cells. **Pathways and Functions:** TPH1 is intricately involved in various signaling pathways, including: 1. **Serotonin and Melatonin Biosynthesis:** TPH1 catalyzes the conversion of tryptophan to 5-HTP, which is then converted to serotonin and melatonin by other enzymes. 2. **Cytokine Signaling:** TPH1 has been shown to regulate cytokine production, including the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines like TNF-α and IL-1β, which are essential for immune response. 3. **Neurotransmission:** TPH1 is involved in the regulation of neurotransmitter release, including serotonin, dopamine, and norepinephrine, which play crucial roles in mood regulation, motivation, and cognitive function. 4. **Gastrointestinal Motility:** TPH1 is essential for regulating gut motility and secretion, which is critical for maintaining intestinal homeostasis and preventing disease. **Clinical Significance:** TPH1 has significant implications in various diseases and disorders, including: 1. **Mood Disorders:** Alterations in TPH1 expression and activity have been linked to depression, anxiety, and other mood disorders. 2. **Inflammatory Diseases:** TPH1 has been implicated in the regulation of inflammation, and its dysregulation has been linked to conditions such as rheumatoid arthritis, asthma, and autoimmune diseases. 3. **Cancer:** TPH1 has been shown to regulate cell growth, differentiation, and apoptosis, making it a potential target for cancer therapy. 4. **Neurodegenerative Diseases:** TPH1 has been implicated in the regulation of neuroinflammation and neurodegeneration, making it a potential target for the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's and Parkinson's. In conclusion, TPH1 is a multifaceted enzyme that plays a critical role in regulating various physiological and pathological processes, including immune response, inflammation, and disease pathogenesis. Further research into the mechanisms and functions of TPH1 will provide valuable insights into the development of novel therapeutic strategies for various diseases and disorders.

Genular Protein ID: 52168686

Symbol: TPH1_HUMAN

Name: Tryptophan 5-hydroxylase 1

UniProtKB Accession Codes:

P17752 D3DQX6 O95188 O95189 Q16736 Q3KPG8

Database IDs:

AGR 1 AlphaFoldDB 1 Antibodypedia 1 BRENDA 1 Bgee 1 BindingDB 1 BioCyc 1 BioGRID 1 BioGRID-ORCS 1 BioMuta 1 CCDS 1 CDD 2 CTD 1 ChEBI 14 ChEMBL 1 ChiTaRS 1 DMDM 1 DNASU 1 DisGeNET 1 DrugBank 4 DrugCentral 1 EC 1 EMBL 7 Ensembl 2 EvolutionaryTrace 1 ExpressionAtlas 1 GO 14 Gene3D 1 GeneCards 1 GeneTree 1 GeneWiki 1 GenomeRNAi 1 GlyGen 1 GuidetoPHARMACOLOGY 1 HGNC 1 HOGENOM 1 HPA 1 InParanoid 1 IntAct 1 InterPro 10 KEGG 1 MANE-Select 1 MIM 1 MassIVE 1 NCBI Taxonomy 1 NCBIfam 1 OMA 1 OpenTargets 1 OrthoDB 1 PANTHER 2 PDB 20 PDBsum 20 PIR 1 PIRSF 1 PRINTS 1 PRO 1 PROSITE 3 PathwayCommons 1 PaxDb 1 PeptideAtlas 1 Pfam 1 PharmGKB 1 Pharos 1 PhosphoSitePlus 1 PhylomeDB 1 Proteomes 1 ProteomicsDB 2 RNAct 1 Reactome 2 RefSeq 1 Rhea 1 SABIO-RK 1 SIGNOR 1 SMR 1 STRING 1 SUPFAM 2 SignaLink 1 TreeFam 1 UCSC 1 UniPathway 1 VEuPathDB 1 eggNOG 1 iPTMnet 1 jPOST 1 neXtProt 1

Citations:

PubMed ID: 2377472

Title: Complete coding sequence of human tryptophan hydroxylase.

PubMed ID: 2377472

DOI: 10.1093/nar/18.14.4257

PubMed ID: 7986090

Title: Cloning and expression of rabbit and human brain tryptophan hydroxylase cDNA in Escherichia coli.

PubMed ID: 7986090

DOI: 10.1006/abbi.1994.1523

PubMed ID: 15489334

Title: The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC).

PubMed ID: 15489334

DOI: 10.1101/gr.2596504

PubMed ID: 9751214

Title: Alternative splicing at the 3'-cDNA of human tryptophan hydroxylase.

PubMed ID: 9751214

DOI: 10.1046/j.1471-4159.1998.71041769.x

PubMed ID: 12379098

Title: Three-dimensional structure of human tryptophan hydroxylase and its implications for the biosynthesis of the neurotransmitters serotonin and melatonin.

PubMed ID: 12379098

DOI: 10.1021/bi026561f

Sequence Information:

  • Length: 444
  • Mass: 50985
  • Checksum: DFAD501446953A91
  • Sequence:
    • MIEDNKENKD HSLERGRASL IFSLKNEVGG LIKALKIFQE KHVNLLHIES RKSKRRNSEF 
EIFVDCDINR EQLNDIFHLL KSHTNVLSVN LPDNFTLKED GMETVPWFPK KISDLDHCAN 
RVLMYGSELD ADHPGFKDNV YRKRRKYFAD LAMNYKHGDP IPKVEFTEEE IKTWGTVFQE 
LNKLYPTHAC REYLKNLPLL SKYCGYREDN IPQLEDVSNF LKERTGFSIR PVAGYLSPRD 
FLSGLAFRVF HCTQYVRHSS DPFYTPEPDT CHELLGHVPL LAEPSFAQFS QEIGLASLGA 
SEEAVQKLAT CYFFTVEFGL CKQDGQLRVF GAGLLSSISE LKHALSGHAK VKPFDPKITC 
KQECLITTFQ DVYFVSESFE DAKEKMREFT KTIKRPFGVK YNPYTRSIQI LKDTKSITSA 
MNELQHDLDV VSDALAKVSR KPSI

Database document:

This is a preview of the gene's schema. Only a few entries are kept for 'singleCellExpressions,' 'mRNAExpressions,' and other large data arrays for visualization purposes. You can zoom in with the mouse wheel for a closer view, and the text will adjust automatically if necessary. For the full schema, download it here.