Details for: TPH1

Gene ID: 7166

Symbol: TPH1

Ensembl ID: ENSG00000129167

Description: tryptophan hydroxylase 1

Associated with

Cells (max top 100)

(Marker Score score is uniquely calculated using our advanced thresholding algorithms to reveal cell-specific gene markers)

  • Cell Name: colon goblet cell (CL0009039)
    Fold Change: 1.13
    Marker Score: 819
  • Cell Name: cerebral cortex GABAergic interneuron (CL0010011)
    Fold Change: 1
    Marker Score: 71829
  • Cell Name: forebrain radial glial cell (CL0013000)
    Fold Change: 1
    Marker Score: 48054
  • Cell Name: tuft cell of colon (CL0009041)
    Fold Change: 0.98
    Marker Score: 506
  • Cell Name: absorptive cell (CL0000212)
    Fold Change: 0.98
    Marker Score: 30408
  • Cell Name: BEST4+ intestinal epithelial cell, human (CL4030026)
    Fold Change: 0.97
    Marker Score: 459
  • Cell Name: intestinal crypt stem cell of colon (CL0009043)
    Fold Change: 0.95
    Marker Score: 2413
  • Cell Name: transit amplifying cell (CL0009010)
    Fold Change: 0.93
    Marker Score: 5301
  • Cell Name: small intestine goblet cell (CL1000495)
    Fold Change: 0.93
    Marker Score: 371
  • Cell Name: abnormal cell (CL0001061)
    Fold Change: 0.91
    Marker Score: 2738
  • Cell Name: epithelial cell of small intestine (CL0002254)
    Fold Change: 0.9
    Marker Score: 323
  • Cell Name: neoplastic cell (CL0001063)
    Fold Change: 0.87
    Marker Score: 5288
  • Cell Name: enterocyte of epithelium of small intestine (CL1000334)
    Fold Change: 0.78
    Marker Score: 3263
  • Cell Name: intestinal epithelial cell (CL0002563)
    Fold Change: 0.78
    Marker Score: 1261
  • Cell Name: Cajal-Retzius cell (CL0000695)
    Fold Change: 0.76
    Marker Score: 393
  • Cell Name: brush cell (CL0002204)
    Fold Change: 0.76
    Marker Score: 690
  • Cell Name: early T lineage precursor (CL0002425)
    Fold Change: 0.73
    Marker Score: 556
  • Cell Name: neutrophil progenitor cell (CL0000834)
    Fold Change: 0.68
    Marker Score: 175
  • Cell Name: intestinal enteroendocrine cell (CL1001516)
    Fold Change: 0.55
    Marker Score: 439
  • Cell Name: intestinal tuft cell (CL0019032)
    Fold Change: 0.54
    Marker Score: 170
  • Cell Name: enteroendocrine cell (CL0000164)
    Fold Change: 0.46
    Marker Score: 236
  • Cell Name: type EC enteroendocrine cell (CL0000577)
    Fold Change: 0.41
    Marker Score: 387
  • Cell Name: precursor B cell (CL0000817)
    Fold Change: 0.31
    Marker Score: 202
  • Cell Name: megakaryocyte-erythroid progenitor cell (CL0000050)
    Fold Change: 0.29
    Marker Score: 123
  • Cell Name: cardiac muscle myoblast (CL0000513)
    Fold Change: 0.28
    Marker Score: 4337
  • Cell Name: cardiac endothelial cell (CL0010008)
    Fold Change: 0.27
    Marker Score: 521
  • Cell Name: lung neuroendocrine cell (CL1000223)
    Fold Change: 0.27
    Marker Score: 75
  • Cell Name: immature innate lymphoid cell (CL0001082)
    Fold Change: 0.26
    Marker Score: 532
  • Cell Name: PP cell (CL0000696)
    Fold Change: 0.22
    Marker Score: 50
  • Cell Name: pro-B cell (CL0000826)
    Fold Change: 0.21
    Marker Score: 203
  • Cell Name: pigmented ciliary epithelial cell (CL0002303)
    Fold Change: 0.19
    Marker Score: 66
  • Cell Name: enteroendocrine cell of small intestine (CL0009006)
    Fold Change: 0.19
    Marker Score: 53
  • Cell Name: fibroblast of cardiac tissue (CL0002548)
    Fold Change: 0.18
    Marker Score: 1104
  • Cell Name: kidney proximal convoluted tubule epithelial cell (CL1000838)
    Fold Change: 0.18
    Marker Score: 377
  • Cell Name: Bergmann glial cell (CL0000644)
    Fold Change: 0.17
    Marker Score: 71
  • Cell Name: lymphoid lineage restricted progenitor cell (CL0000838)
    Fold Change: 0.17
    Marker Score: 100
  • Cell Name: paneth cell of epithelium of small intestine (CL1000343)
    Fold Change: 0.16
    Marker Score: 40
  • Cell Name: neural progenitor cell (CL0011020)
    Fold Change: 0.16
    Marker Score: 613
  • Cell Name: common myeloid progenitor (CL0000049)
    Fold Change: 0.15
    Marker Score: 40
  • Cell Name: L5 extratelencephalic projecting glutamatergic cortical neuron (CL4023041)
    Fold Change: 0.15
    Marker Score: 232
  • Cell Name: type G enteroendocrine cell (CL0000508)
    Fold Change: 0.15
    Marker Score: 51
  • Cell Name: transit amplifying cell of small intestine (CL0009012)
    Fold Change: 0.15
    Marker Score: 61
  • Cell Name: ependymal cell (CL0000065)
    Fold Change: 0.14
    Marker Score: 48
  • Cell Name: renal beta-intercalated cell (CL0002201)
    Fold Change: 0.14
    Marker Score: 43
  • Cell Name: type L enteroendocrine cell (CL0002279)
    Fold Change: 0.14
    Marker Score: 37
  • Cell Name: lymphocyte (CL0000542)
    Fold Change: 0.12
    Marker Score: 61
  • Cell Name: neuroendocrine cell (CL0000165)
    Fold Change: 0.12
    Marker Score: 46
  • Cell Name: cerebral cortex endothelial cell (CL1001602)
    Fold Change: 0.12
    Marker Score: 69
  • Cell Name: astrocyte (CL0000127)
    Fold Change: 0.12
    Marker Score: 100
  • Cell Name: smooth muscle myoblast (CL0000514)
    Fold Change: 0.12
    Marker Score: 55
  • Cell Name: tracheal goblet cell (CL1000329)
    Fold Change: 0.11
    Marker Score: 311
  • Cell Name: megakaryocyte (CL0000556)
    Fold Change: 0.11
    Marker Score: 62
  • Cell Name: intestinal crypt stem cell of small intestine (CL0009017)
    Fold Change: 0.11
    Marker Score: 73
  • Cell Name: P/D1 enteroendocrine cell (CL0002268)
    Fold Change: 0.11
    Marker Score: 40
  • Cell Name: erythrocyte (CL0000232)
    Fold Change: 0.11
    Marker Score: 59
  • Cell Name: ON retinal ganglion cell (CL4023032)
    Fold Change: 0.11
    Marker Score: 29
  • Cell Name: OFF retinal ganglion cell (CL4023033)
    Fold Change: 0.11
    Marker Score: 44
  • Cell Name: gut absorptive cell (CL0000677)
    Fold Change: 0.1
    Marker Score: 67
  • Cell Name: pancreatic D cell (CL0000173)
    Fold Change: 0.1
    Marker Score: 45
  • Cell Name: non-pigmented ciliary epithelial cell (CL0002304)
    Fold Change: 0.1
    Marker Score: 29
  • Cell Name: lung microvascular endothelial cell (CL2000016)
    Fold Change: 0.1
    Marker Score: 21
  • Cell Name: squamous epithelial cell (CL0000076)
    Fold Change: 0.1
    Marker Score: 66
  • Cell Name: type B pancreatic cell (CL0000169)
    Fold Change: 0.1
    Marker Score: 96
  • Cell Name: stromal cell of lamina propria of small intestine (CL0009022)
    Fold Change: 0.09
    Marker Score: 21
  • Cell Name: neuron (CL0000540)
    Fold Change: 0.09
    Marker Score: 378
  • Cell Name: progenitor cell of endocrine pancreas (CL0002351)
    Fold Change: 0.09
    Marker Score: 20
  • Cell Name: L6b glutamatergic cortical neuron (CL4023038)
    Fold Change: 0.09
    Marker Score: 768
  • Cell Name: germ cell (CL0000586)
    Fold Change: 0.09
    Marker Score: 154
  • Cell Name: retinal blood vessel endothelial cell (CL0002585)
    Fold Change: 0.09
    Marker Score: 21
  • Cell Name: epithelial cell of alveolus of lung (CL0010003)
    Fold Change: 0.09
    Marker Score: 39
  • Cell Name: pancreatic A cell (CL0000171)
    Fold Change: 0.08
    Marker Score: 82
  • Cell Name: enteroendocrine cell of colon (CL0009042)
    Fold Change: 0.08
    Marker Score: 28
  • Cell Name: endothelial cell of hepatic sinusoid (CL1000398)
    Fold Change: 0.08
    Marker Score: 18
  • Cell Name: melanocyte (CL0000148)
    Fold Change: 0.08
    Marker Score: 33
  • Cell Name: nephron tubule epithelial cell (CL1000494)
    Fold Change: 0.08
    Marker Score: 19
  • Cell Name: skin fibroblast (CL0002620)
    Fold Change: 0.08
    Marker Score: 21
  • Cell Name: oocyte (CL0000023)
    Fold Change: 0.08
    Marker Score: 20
  • Cell Name: M cell of gut (CL0000682)
    Fold Change: 0.08
    Marker Score: 21
  • Cell Name: type I enteroendocrine cell (CL0002277)
    Fold Change: 0.08
    Marker Score: 20
  • Cell Name: fibroblast of connective tissue of prostate (CL1000299)
    Fold Change: 0.08
    Marker Score: 20
  • Cell Name: CD14-positive, CD16-negative classical monocyte (CL0002057)
    Fold Change: 0.08
    Marker Score: 4480
  • Cell Name: endothelial cell of periportal hepatic sinusoid (CL0019021)
    Fold Change: 0.08
    Marker Score: 22
  • Cell Name: prostate stromal cell (CL0002622)
    Fold Change: 0.08
    Marker Score: 20
  • Cell Name: endothelial cell of artery (CL1000413)
    Fold Change: 0.08
    Marker Score: 33
  • Cell Name: near-projecting glutamatergic cortical neuron (CL4023012)
    Fold Change: 0.08
    Marker Score: 748
  • Cell Name: neuronal receptor cell (CL0000006)
    Fold Change: 0.08
    Marker Score: 35
  • Cell Name: interneuron (CL0000099)
    Fold Change: 0.08
    Marker Score: 36
  • Cell Name: myeloid cell (CL0000763)
    Fold Change: 0.08
    Marker Score: 126
  • Cell Name: retinal pigment epithelial cell (CL0002586)
    Fold Change: 0.08
    Marker Score: 23
  • Cell Name: caudal ganglionic eminence derived GABAergic cortical interneuron (CL4023070)
    Fold Change: 0.08
    Marker Score: 301
  • Cell Name: common lymphoid progenitor (CL0000051)
    Fold Change: 0.08
    Marker Score: 53
  • Cell Name: muscle precursor cell (CL0000680)
    Fold Change: 0.08
    Marker Score: 20
  • Cell Name: adipocyte of epicardial fat of left ventricle (CL1000311)
    Fold Change: 0.08
    Marker Score: 20
  • Cell Name: hematopoietic multipotent progenitor cell (CL0000837)
    Fold Change: 0.08
    Marker Score: 37
  • Cell Name: endocrine cell (CL0000163)
    Fold Change: 0.08
    Marker Score: 39
  • Cell Name: Schwann cell (CL0002573)
    Fold Change: 0.07
    Marker Score: 26
  • Cell Name: GABAergic neuron (CL0000617)
    Fold Change: 0.07
    Marker Score: 311
  • Cell Name: corticothalamic-projecting glutamatergic cortical neuron (CL4023013)
    Fold Change: 0.07
    Marker Score: 696
  • Cell Name: adventitial cell (CL0002503)
    Fold Change: 0.07
    Marker Score: 18
  • Cell Name: vasa recta descending limb cell (CL1001285)
    Fold Change: 0.07
    Marker Score: 20

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Other Information

**Key Characteristics:** TPH1 is a cytosolic enzyme that catalyzes the hydroxylation of tryptophan to 5-hydroxytryptophan (5-HTP), the rate-limiting step in serotonin biosynthesis. This enzyme is highly expressed in the brain, particularly in the cerebral cortex, and in the gastrointestinal tract, where it is essential for the regulation of gut motility and secretion. TPH1 is also present in other tissues, including the mammary gland, bone, and immune cells. **Pathways and Functions:** TPH1 is intricately involved in various signaling pathways, including: 1. **Serotonin and Melatonin Biosynthesis:** TPH1 catalyzes the conversion of tryptophan to 5-HTP, which is then converted to serotonin and melatonin by other enzymes. 2. **Cytokine Signaling:** TPH1 has been shown to regulate cytokine production, including the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines like TNF-α and IL-1β, which are essential for immune response. 3. **Neurotransmission:** TPH1 is involved in the regulation of neurotransmitter release, including serotonin, dopamine, and norepinephrine, which play crucial roles in mood regulation, motivation, and cognitive function. 4. **Gastrointestinal Motility:** TPH1 is essential for regulating gut motility and secretion, which is critical for maintaining intestinal homeostasis and preventing disease. **Clinical Significance:** TPH1 has significant implications in various diseases and disorders, including: 1. **Mood Disorders:** Alterations in TPH1 expression and activity have been linked to depression, anxiety, and other mood disorders. 2. **Inflammatory Diseases:** TPH1 has been implicated in the regulation of inflammation, and its dysregulation has been linked to conditions such as rheumatoid arthritis, asthma, and autoimmune diseases. 3. **Cancer:** TPH1 has been shown to regulate cell growth, differentiation, and apoptosis, making it a potential target for cancer therapy. 4. **Neurodegenerative Diseases:** TPH1 has been implicated in the regulation of neuroinflammation and neurodegeneration, making it a potential target for the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's and Parkinson's. In conclusion, TPH1 is a multifaceted enzyme that plays a critical role in regulating various physiological and pathological processes, including immune response, inflammation, and disease pathogenesis. Further research into the mechanisms and functions of TPH1 will provide valuable insights into the development of novel therapeutic strategies for various diseases and disorders.

Genular Protein ID: 52168686

Symbol: TPH1_HUMAN

Name: Tryptophan 5-hydroxylase 1

UniProtKB Accession Codes:

P17752 D3DQX6 O95188 O95189 Q16736 Q3KPG8

Database IDs:

AGR 1 AlphaFoldDB 1 Antibodypedia 1 BRENDA 1 Bgee 1 BindingDB 1 BioCyc 1 BioGRID 1 BioGRID-ORCS 1 BioMuta 1 CCDS 1 CDD 2 CTD 1 ChEBI 14 ChEMBL 1 ChiTaRS 1 DMDM 1 DNASU 1 DisGeNET 1 DrugBank 4 DrugCentral 1 EC 1 EMBL 7 Ensembl 2 EvolutionaryTrace 1 ExpressionAtlas 1 GO 14 Gene3D 1 GeneCards 1 GeneTree 1 GeneWiki 1 Genevisible 1 GenomeRNAi 1 GlyGen 1 GuidetoPHARMACOLOGY 1 HGNC 1 HOGENOM 1 HPA 1 InParanoid 1 IntAct 1 InterPro 10 KEGG 1 MANE-Select 1 MIM 1 MassIVE 1 NCBI Taxonomy 1 NCBIfam 1 OMA 1 OpenTargets 1 OrthoDB 1 PANTHER 2 PDB 19 PDBsum 13 PIR 1 PIRSF 1 PRINTS 1 PRO 1 PROSITE 3 PROSITE-ProRule 1 PathwayCommons 1 PaxDb 1 PeptideAtlas 1 Pfam 1 PharmGKB 1 Pharos 1 PhosphoSitePlus 1 PhylomeDB 1 Proteomes 1 ProteomicsDB 2 RNAct 1 Reactome 2 RefSeq 1 Rhea 1 SABIO-RK 1 SIGNOR 1 SMR 1 STRING 1 SUPFAM 2 SignaLink 1 TreeFam 1 UCSC 1 UniPathway 1 UniProtKB 3 VEuPathDB 1 eggNOG 1 iPTMnet 1 jPOST 1 neXtProt 1

Citations:

PubMed ID: 2377472

Title: Complete coding sequence of human tryptophan hydroxylase.

PubMed ID: 2377472

DOI: 10.1093/nar/18.14.4257

PubMed ID: 7986090

Title: Cloning and expression of rabbit and human brain tryptophan hydroxylase cDNA in Escherichia coli.

PubMed ID: 7986090

DOI: 10.1006/abbi.1994.1523

PubMed ID: 15489334

Title: The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC).

PubMed ID: 15489334

DOI: 10.1101/gr.2596504

PubMed ID: 9751214

Title: Alternative splicing at the 3'-cDNA of human tryptophan hydroxylase.

PubMed ID: 9751214

DOI: 10.1046/j.1471-4159.1998.71041769.x

PubMed ID: 12379098

Title: Three-dimensional structure of human tryptophan hydroxylase and its implications for the biosynthesis of the neurotransmitters serotonin and melatonin.

PubMed ID: 12379098

DOI: 10.1021/bi026561f

Sequence Information:

  • Length: 444
  • Mass: 50985
  • Checksum: DFAD501446953A91
  • Sequence:
    • MIEDNKENKD HSLERGRASL IFSLKNEVGG LIKALKIFQE KHVNLLHIES RKSKRRNSEF 
EIFVDCDINR EQLNDIFHLL KSHTNVLSVN LPDNFTLKED GMETVPWFPK KISDLDHCAN 
RVLMYGSELD ADHPGFKDNV YRKRRKYFAD LAMNYKHGDP IPKVEFTEEE IKTWGTVFQE 
LNKLYPTHAC REYLKNLPLL SKYCGYREDN IPQLEDVSNF LKERTGFSIR PVAGYLSPRD 
FLSGLAFRVF HCTQYVRHSS DPFYTPEPDT CHELLGHVPL LAEPSFAQFS QEIGLASLGA 
SEEAVQKLAT CYFFTVEFGL CKQDGQLRVF GAGLLSSISE LKHALSGHAK VKPFDPKITC 
KQECLITTFQ DVYFVSESFE DAKEKMREFT KTIKRPFGVK YNPYTRSIQI LKDTKSITSA 
MNELQHDLDV VSDALAKVSR KPSI

Database document:

This is a preview of the gene's schema. Only a few entries are kept for 'singleCellExpressions,' 'mRNAExpressions,' and other large data arrays for visualization purposes. For the full schema, download it here.