Details for: BLZF1

Gene ID: 8548

Gene Type:  Protein-coding  - A gene that serves as a template for producing a messenger RNA (mRNA) molecule, which is then translated into a functional protein.

Symbol: BLZF1

Ensembl ID: ENSG00000117475

Description: basic leucine zipper nuclear factor 1

Cell Significance Landscape

Associated with

Significant Cells

Cell Significance Index (CSI) scores for the chosen context(s)

  • mesothelial cell CL0000077
    CSI 6.71
    rCSI 26.25%
    PRS 34.98
  • kidney loop of Henle thin ascending limb epithelial cell CL1001107
    CSI 5.19
    rCSI 13.42%
    PRS 53.09
  • megakaryocyte-erythroid progenitor cell CL0000050
    CSI 4.84
    rCSI 4.37%
    PRS 54.68
  • granulocyte CL0000094
    CSI 4.39
    rCSI 6.71%
    PRS 67.23
  • multi-ciliated epithelial cell CL0005012
    CSI 4.31
    rCSI 4.3%
    PRS 51.29
  • Schwann cell CL0002573
    CSI 4.08
    rCSI 11.61%
    PRS 56.32
  • L5 extratelencephalic projecting glutamatergic cortical neuron CL4023041
    CSI 3.51
    rCSI 12.63%
    PRS 38.62
  • regular ventricular cardiac myocyte CL0002131
    CSI 3.5
    rCSI 21.86%
    PRS 49.92
  • pancreatic D cell CL0000173
    CSI 3.27
    rCSI 3.22%
    PRS 60.62
  • Bergmann glial cell CL0000644
    CSI 3.18
    rCSI 4.35%
    PRS 52.17
  • sncg GABAergic cortical interneuron CL4023015
    CSI 2.82
    rCSI 4.53%
    PRS 42.43
  • BEST4+ enteroycte CL4030026
    CSI 2.69
    rCSI 3.35%
    PRS 59.88
  • respiratory basal cell CL0002633
    CSI 2.67
    rCSI 2.77%
    PRS 63.53
  • ionocyte CL0005006
    CSI 2.63
    rCSI 2.82%
    PRS 56.94
  • corneal epithelial cell CL0000575
    CSI 2.59
    rCSI 7.4%
    PRS 71.7
  • melanocyte CL0000148
    CSI 2.56
    rCSI 1.9%
    PRS 50.7
  • central memory CD8-positive, alpha-beta T cell CL0000907
    CSI 2.51
    rCSI 1.69%
    PRS 70.83
  • Kupffer cell CL0000091
    CSI 2.5
    rCSI 5.73%
    PRS 57.73
  • pancreatic A cell CL0000171
    CSI 2.48
    rCSI 2.6%
    PRS 61.41
  • renal alpha-intercalated cell CL0005011
    CSI 2.46
    rCSI 3.29%
    PRS 66.96
  • choroid plexus epithelial cell CL0000706
    CSI 2.44
    rCSI 4%
    PRS 47.56
  • conjunctival epithelial cell CL1000432
    CSI 2.41
    rCSI 3.68%
    PRS 58.56
  • neural crest cell CL0011012
    CSI 2.34
    rCSI 1.85%
    PRS 44.89
  • lung ciliated cell CL1000271
    CSI 2.33
    rCSI 2.7%
    PRS 47.99
  • astrocyte of the cerebral cortex CL0002605
    CSI 2.3
    rCSI 5.15%
    PRS 40.9
  • chondrocyte CL0000138
    CSI 2.24
    rCSI 3.56%
    PRS 50.35
  • type B pancreatic cell CL0000169
    CSI 2.22
    rCSI 4.92%
    PRS 55.9
  • fibroblast of cardiac tissue CL0002548
    CSI 2.21
    rCSI 10.61%
    PRS 57.97
  • alpha-beta T cell CL0000789
    CSI 2.2
    rCSI 2.58%
    PRS 74.27
  • epithelial cell of lung CL0000082
    CSI 2.17
    rCSI 1.8%
    PRS 56.84
  • hepatic stellate cell CL0000632
    CSI 2.15
    rCSI 8.06%
    PRS 50.22
  • CD14-low, CD16-positive monocyte CL0002396
    CSI 2.15
    rCSI 1.65%
    PRS 57.95
  • group 3 innate lymphoid cell CL0001071
    CSI 2.13
    rCSI 1.6%
    PRS 62.9
  • keratinocyte CL0000312
    CSI 2.09
    rCSI 1.75%
    PRS 62.68
  • kidney interstitial alternatively activated macrophage CL1000695
    CSI 2.08
    rCSI 5.43%
    PRS 57.61
  • double-positive, alpha-beta thymocyte CL0000809
    CSI 2.08
    rCSI 2.12%
    PRS 71.2
  • Mueller cell CL0000636
    CSI 2.08
    rCSI 4.75%
    PRS 50.06
  • cerebral cortex endothelial cell CL1001602
    CSI 2.03
    rCSI 3.51%
    PRS 48.14
  • interneuron CL0000099
    CSI 1.98
    rCSI 3.98%
    PRS 47.14
  • hepatocyte CL0000182
    CSI 1.95
    rCSI 3.49%
    PRS 57.09
  • caudal ganglionic eminence derived cortical interneuron CL4023064
    CSI 1.9
    rCSI 3.36%
    PRS 39.17
  • blood vessel endothelial cell CL0000071
    CSI 1.89
    rCSI 3.93%
    PRS 55.26
  • sst GABAergic cortical interneuron CL4023017
    CSI 1.86
    rCSI 2.4%
    PRS 41.33
  • retinal blood vessel endothelial cell CL0002585
    CSI 1.83
    rCSI 2.92%
    PRS 61.95
  • kidney loop of Henle thin descending limb epithelial cell CL1001111
    CSI 1.83
    rCSI 2.59%
    PRS 54.31
  • retinal bipolar neuron CL0000748
    CSI 1.82
    rCSI 3.4%
    PRS 46.56
  • corticothalamic-projecting glutamatergic cortical neuron CL4023013
    CSI 1.81
    rCSI 10.67%
    PRS 41.55
  • pvalb GABAergic cortical interneuron CL4023018
    CSI 1.81
    rCSI 2.25%
    PRS 38.29
  • ciliated epithelial cell CL0000067
    CSI 1.79
    rCSI 1.58%
    PRS 45.93
  • ependymal cell CL0000065
    CSI 1.74
    rCSI 3.53%
    PRS 37.99
  • mucus secreting cell CL0000319
    CSI 1.7
    rCSI 2.69%
    PRS 69.19
  • fallopian tube secretory epithelial cell CL4030006
    CSI 1.67
    rCSI 1.61%
    PRS 58.2
  • rod bipolar cell CL0000751
    CSI 1.65
    rCSI 2.96%
    PRS 51
  • differentiation-committed oligodendrocyte precursor CL4023059
    CSI 1.63
    rCSI 2.95%
    PRS 50.42
  • enteric smooth muscle cell CL0002504
    CSI 1.6
    rCSI 2.28%
    PRS 60.39
  • enteroendocrine cell CL0000164
    CSI 1.6
    rCSI 2.18%
    PRS 59.77
  • lamp5 GABAergic cortical interneuron CL4023011
    CSI 1.55
    rCSI 2.6%
    PRS 40.15
  • respiratory hillock cell CL4030023
    CSI 1.52
    rCSI 2.71%
    PRS 71.73
  • glioblast CL0000030
    CSI 1.4
    rCSI 2.23%
    PRS 50.84
  • retinal rod cell CL0000604
    CSI 1.37
    rCSI 2.41%
    PRS 55.08
  • small intestine goblet cell CL1000495
    CSI 1.34
    rCSI 2.95%
    PRS 66.57
  • CD8-positive, CD28-negative, alpha-beta regulatory T cell CL0000920
    CSI 1.26
    rCSI 2.52%
    PRS 75.81
  • kidney connecting tubule epithelial cell CL1000768
    CSI 1.24
    rCSI 3.13%
    PRS 47.53
  • lung secretory cell CL1000272
    CSI 1.23
    rCSI 3.05%
    PRS 56.31
  • squamous epithelial cell CL0000076
    CSI 1.23
    rCSI 2.92%
    PRS 62.14
  • stem cell CL0000034
    CSI 1.19
    rCSI 1.14%
    PRS 48.45
  • retina horizontal cell CL0000745
    CSI 1.17
    rCSI 1.79%
    PRS 54.21
  • parietal epithelial cell CL1000452
    CSI 1.17
    rCSI 3.12%
    PRS 49.39
  • VIP GABAergic cortical interneuron CL4023016
    CSI 1.15
    rCSI 1.37%
    PRS 39.99
  • central nervous system neuron CL2000029
    CSI 1.13
    rCSI 8.3%
    PRS 44.98
  • cardiac muscle cell CL0000746
    CSI 1.05
    rCSI 1.51%
    PRS 48.11
  • cardiac neuron CL0010022
    CSI 1
    rCSI 3.2%
    PRS 55.52
  • amacrine cell CL0000561
    CSI 0.97
    rCSI 2.81%
    PRS 47.99
  • chandelier pvalb GABAergic cortical interneuron CL4023036
    CSI 0.95
    rCSI 2.98%
    PRS 44.31
  • mesenchymal cell CL0008019
    CSI 0.93
    rCSI 2.37%
    PRS 52.39
  • L2/3-6 intratelencephalic projecting glutamatergic neuron CL4023040
    CSI 0.76
    rCSI 1.85%
    PRS 38.85
  • near-projecting glutamatergic cortical neuron CL4023012
    CSI 0.75
    rCSI 2.85%
    PRS 41.03
  • GABAergic neuron CL0000617
    CSI 0.67
    rCSI 2.26%
    PRS 43.75
  • platelet CL0000233
    CSI 0.66
    rCSI 2.76%
    PRS 62.75
  • L6b glutamatergic cortical neuron CL4023038
    CSI 0.63
    rCSI 1.97%
    PRS 41.63
  • retinal ganglion cell CL0000740
    CSI 0.62
    rCSI 1.37%
    PRS 44.44
  • retinal cone cell CL0000573
    CSI 0.54
    rCSI 0.87%
    PRS 47.63
  • megakaryocyte CL0000556
    CSI 0.47
    rCSI 2.02%
    PRS 71.21
  • indirect pathway medium spiny neuron CL4023029
    CSI 0.4
    rCSI 9.74%
    PRS 40.37
  • direct pathway medium spiny neuron CL4023026
    CSI 0.31
    rCSI 7.35%
    PRS 39.45

Cell ID: Standard Cell Ontology term used for mapping and comparing cells across experiments. Ensures consistency in analyzing cellular functions across tissues.
Fold Change: Represents the ratio of the current Cell Significance Index to the Cell Significance Index Threshold, indicating how much the gene expression has changed compared to a baseline.
Cell Significance Index: Reflects how strongly a gene is expressed in this specific cell.

Cell ID: Standard Cell Ontology term used for mapping and comparing cells across experiments. Ensures consistency in analyzing cellular functions across tissues.
Fold Change: Represents the ratio of the current Cell Significance Index to the Cell Significance Index Threshold, indicating how much the gene expression has changed compared to a baseline.
Cell Significance Index: Reflects how strongly a gene is expressed in this cell type. Calculated using techniques like effect size estimation and bootstrapping for reliability.

Cell ID: Standard Cell Ontology term used for mapping and comparing cells across experiments. Ensures consistency in analyzing cellular functions across tissues.
Fold Change: Represents the ratio of the current Cell Significance Index to the Cell Significance Index Threshold, indicating how much the gene expression has changed compared to a baseline.
Cell Significance Index: Reflects how strongly a gene is expressed in this cell type. Calculated using techniques like effect size estimation and bootstrapping for reliability.
Network Configuration

Explore relationships of the current gene. Select an Interaction Source: 'ONTOLOGY' for shared pathways (GO/Reactome) or 'STRING' for protein-protein interactions. Further refine by selecting context genes and comparing Cell Significance Index (CSI) scores between baseline and target cell types and their specific contexts.

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Comma-separated if multiple.
Legend:
  • Query Gene
  • Node Color (Target Cell CSI, relative to current network):
    • Very High
    • High
    • Medium
    • Low
    • Very Low
    • CSI N/A
  • Node Size: Proportional to Target Cell CSI magnitude
  • STRING PPI Edge
  • Shared Pathway Edge (ONTOLOGY)

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Other Information

This section provides additional information about the gene, including a description generated by an AI language model and details about associated proteins.

## Summary [BLZF1](/details-gene/8548), or Basic Leucine Zipper Nuclear Factor 1, encodes the protein Golgin-45, a key component of the Golgi apparatus. Functional annotations strongly link [BLZF1](/details-gene/8548) to Golgi organization, protein transport, and cell cycle regulation, particularly during M phase. Expression data reveals its significance across a remarkably diverse range of cell types, including epithelial, hematopoietic, and neuronal lineages, suggesting a fundamental role in cellular architecture and function. It was initially identified as a gene upregulated during the retinoid-induced maturation of promyelocytic leukemia cells ([Link](https://doi.org/10.1038/sj.onc.1200995)), pointing to a potential role in cellular differentiation. ## Cellular Roles and Expression Landscape **Overall**, the expression profile of [BLZF1](/details-gene/8548) highlights its importance in a wide variety of specialized cell types, consistent with its fundamental role in the Golgi apparatus, a central organelle for protein processing and trafficking in all eukaryotic cells. Its significance is not restricted to a single lineage, indicating a housekeeping yet contextually vital function. The gene shows the highest significance in [mesothelial cell](/details-cell/CL0000077) (CSI: 6.71), which are highly active secretory cells lining body cavities. High significance is also observed in other specialized epithelial cells, such as [kidney loop of Henle thin ascending limb epithelial cell](/details-cell/CL1001107) (CSI: 5.19), [multi-ciliated epithelial cell](/details-cell/CL0005012) (CSI: 4.31), and [ionocyte](/details-cell/CL0005006) (CSI: 2.63), suggesting a critical role in maintaining the complex protein transport required for their specific barrier and transport functions. Beyond epithelial tissues, [BLZF1](/details-gene/8548) is notably significant in hematopoietic cells, including [megakaryocyte-erythroid progenitor cell](/details-cell/CL0000050) (CSI: 4.84) and [granulocyte](/details-cell/CL0000094) (CSI: 4.39). This aligns with its initial discovery in differentiating leukemia cells ([Link](https://doi.org/10.1038/sj.onc.1200995)) and may indicate a role in the extensive membrane remodeling and protein secretion that accompanies hematopoietic maturation. Furthermore, [BLZF1](/details-gene/8548) is prominently expressed in post-mitotic, structurally complex cells like [Schwann cell](/details-cell/CL0002573) (CSI: 4.08), [L5 extratelencephalic projecting glutamatergic cortical neuron](/details-cell/CL4023041) (CSI: 3.51), and [regular ventricular cardiac myocyte](/details-cell/CL0002131) (CSI: 3.50). This suggests that its function in maintaining Golgi integrity is crucial for the long-term health and function of these non-dividing cells, which rely on stable and efficient protein trafficking for processes like myelination, neurotransmission, and muscle contraction. ## Pathways and Molecular Function The molecular functions of [BLZF1](/details-gene/8548) are centered on the Golgi apparatus. Gene Ontology annotations place it squarely within the [Golgi apparatus](/details-go/GO:0005794) and specifically the [cis-golgi network](/details-go/GO:0005801). It is integral to biological processes such as [Golgi organization](/details-go/GO:0007030) and [Golgi to plasma membrane protein transport](/details-go/GO:0043001). Its molecular function annotations include [protein binding](/details-go/GO:0005515) and [enzyme binding](/details-go/GO:0019899), consistent with its role as a structural or scaffolding protein within the Golgi complex, potentially linking the Golgi structure to membrane traffic ([Link](https://doi.org/10.1083/jcb.200108079)). Reactome pathway analysis further connects [BLZF1](/details-gene/8548) to the dynamic process of cell division. It is annotated in pathways such as [Cell cycle](/details-pathway/R-HSA-1640170), [M phase](/details-pathway/R-HSA-68886), and specifically [Golgi cisternae pericentriolar stack reorganization](/details-pathway/R-HSA-162658). This is consistent with proteomic studies showing its phosphorylation during mitosis ([Link](https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.0805139105)), a key step in the disassembly and reassembly of the Golgi apparatus required for proper partitioning into daughter cells. ## Research Directions The widespread yet cell-type-specific high expression of [BLZF1](/details-gene/8548), coupled with its roles in both basic Golgi function and dynamic cell cycle processes, opens several avenues for future investigation. **Proposed Hypotheses:** 1. Given its high expression in hematopoietic progenitors like [megakaryocyte-erythroid progenitor cell](/details-cell/CL0000050) and its initial characterization as being upregulated during myeloid differentiation ([Link](https://doi.org/10.1038/sj.onc.1200995)), it is hypothesized that [BLZF1](/details-gene/8548) is a key regulator of hematopoietic lineage commitment. Its role in organizing the Golgi may be critical for directing the specific protein trafficking and secretion profiles required for cells to mature into distinct blood cell types like granulocytes or erythrocytes. 2. The high significance of [BLZF1](/details-gene/8548) in terminally differentiated, long-lived cells such as [L5 extratelencephalic projecting glutamatergic cortical neuron](/details-cell/CL4023041) and [regular ventricular cardiac myocyte](/details-cell/CL0002131) suggests a critical role in cellular homeostasis and stress response. It is hypothesized that [BLZF1](/details-gene/8548) is essential for maintaining Golgi integrity against cellular aging and proteotoxic stress, and its dysfunction could contribute to the pathology of neurodegenerative or cardiac diseases characterized by protein aggregation and transport defects. **Experimental Approach:** To test the first hypothesis regarding its role in hematopoiesis, one could utilize CRISPR-Cas9 to knock out [BLZF1](/details-gene/8548) in primary human CD34+ hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells. These modified cells could then be cultured in vitro under conditions that promote differentiation towards myeloid and erythroid lineages. The impact of [BLZF1](/details-gene/8548) loss could be assessed by flow cytometry to quantify differentiation markers (e.g., CD11b for myeloids, CD235a for erythroids), complemented by RNA-sequencing to profile transcriptomic changes in lineage-specific genes and Golgi-related pathways. Furthermore, Golgi morphology could be directly visualized using immunofluorescence microscopy for markers like GM130 to determine if its loss disrupts the organelle's structure during differentiation. **Therapeutic Potential:** As an intracellular protein integral to Golgi structure, [BLZF1](/details-gene/8548) is not an ideal target for antibody-based therapies. However, its upregulation during the successful retinoid-induced maturation of leukemia cells suggests that modulating its activity could have therapeutic benefits. Instead of inhibition, strategies aimed at *activating* [BLZF1](/details-gene/8548) or stabilizing its function might promote differentiation in acute myeloid leukemias (AML), pushing malignant cells out of a proliferative state. Therefore, [BLZF1](/details-gene/8548) could be a target for small molecule compounds designed to enhance its role in Golgi organization and push forward differentiation-based cancer therapies.

Genular Protein ID: 76289090

Symbol: GO45_HUMAN

Name: Golgin-45

UniProtKB Accession Codes:

Q9H2G9 O15298 Q5T531 Q5T533 Q9GZX4

Database IDs:

AGR 1 AlphaFoldDB 1 Antibodypedia 1 Bgee 1 BioGRID 1 BioGRID-ORCS 1 BioMuta 1 CCDS 2 CTD 1 ChiTaRS 1 ComplexPortal 1 DMDM 1 DNASU 1 DisGeNET 1 EMBL 12 Ensembl 3 ExpressionAtlas 1 GO 10 GeneCards 1 GeneTree 1 GeneWiki 1 GenomeRNAi 1 HGNC 1 HOGENOM 1 HPA 1 InParanoid 1 IntAct 1 InterPro 2 KEGG 1 MANE-Select 1 MIM 1 MINT 1 MassIVE 1 NCBI Taxonomy 1 OMA 1 OpenTargets 1 OrthoDB 1 PANTHER 2 PRO 1 PathwayCommons 1 PaxDb 1 PeptideAtlas 1 Pfam 1 PharmGKB 1 Pharos 1 PhosphoSitePlus 1 PhylomeDB 1 Proteomes 1 ProteomicsDB 2 Pumba 1 RNAct 1 Reactome 1 RefSeq 4 SIGNOR 1 SMR 1 STRING 1 SignaLink 1 TreeFam 1 UCSC 1 VEuPathDB 1 eggNOG 1 iPTMnet 1 jPOST 1 neXtProt 1

Citations:

PubMed ID: 9129147

Title: JEM-1, a novel gene encoding a leucine-zipper nuclear factor upregulated during retinoid-induced maturation of NB4 promyelocytic leukaemia.

PubMed ID: 9129147

DOI: 10.1038/sj.onc.1200995

PubMed ID: 11056056

Title: Genomic organization of the JEM-1 (BLZF1) gene on human chromosome 1q24: molecular cloning and analysis of its promoter region.

PubMed ID: 11056056

DOI: 10.1006/geno.2000.6347

PubMed ID: 11739401

Title: A GRASP55-rab2 effector complex linking Golgi structure to membrane traffic.

PubMed ID: 11739401

DOI: 10.1083/jcb.200108079

PubMed ID: 16710414

Title: The DNA sequence and biological annotation of human chromosome 1.

PubMed ID: 16710414

DOI: 10.1038/nature04727

PubMed ID: 15489334

Title: The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC).

PubMed ID: 15489334

DOI: 10.1101/gr.2596504

PubMed ID: 18669648

Title: A quantitative atlas of mitotic phosphorylation.

PubMed ID: 18669648

DOI: 10.1073/pnas.0805139105

PubMed ID: 20068231

Title: Quantitative phosphoproteomics reveals widespread full phosphorylation site occupancy during mitosis.

PubMed ID: 20068231

DOI: 10.1126/scisignal.2000475

PubMed ID: 21478859

Title: RNF146 is a poly(ADP-ribose)-directed E3 ligase that regulates axin degradation and Wnt signalling.

PubMed ID: 21478859

DOI: 10.1038/ncb2222

PubMed ID: 23186163

Title: Toward a comprehensive characterization of a human cancer cell phosphoproteome.

PubMed ID: 23186163

DOI: 10.1021/pr300630k

Sequence Information:

  • Length: 400
  • Mass: 44910
  • Checksum: F3F9DA9B13DF45B5
  • Sequence:
    • MTTKNLETKV TVTSSPIRGA GDGMETEEPP KSVEVTSGVQ SRKHHSLQSP WKKAVPSESP 
GVLQLGKMLT EKAMEVKAVR ILVPKAAITH DIPNKNTKVK SLGHHKGEFL GQSEGVIEPN 
KELSEVKNVL EKLKNSERRL LQDKEGLSNQ LRVQTEVNRE LKKLLVASVG DDLQYHFERL 
AREKNQLILE NEALGRNTAQ LSEQLERMSI QCDVWRSKFL ASRVMADELT NSRAALQRQN 
RDAHGAIQDL LSEREQFRQE MIATQKLLEE LLVSLQWGRE QTYSPSVQPH STAELALTNH 
KLAKAVNSHL LGNVGINNQK KIPSTVEFCS TPAEKMAETV LRILDPVTCK ESSPDNPFFE 
SSPTTLLATK KNIGRFHPYT RYENITFNCC NHCRGELIAL