Details for: GDF9

Gene ID: 2661

Symbol: GDF9

Ensembl ID: ENSG00000164404

Description: growth differentiation factor 9

Associated with

Cells (max top 100)

(Cell Significance Index and respective Thresholds are uniquely calculated using our advanced thresholding algorithms to reveal cell-specific gene markers)

  • Cell Name: polychromatophilic erythroblast (CL0000550)
    Fold Change: 12.2472
    Cell Significance Index: -1.9100
  • Cell Name: hematopoietic oligopotent progenitor cell (CL0002032)
    Fold Change: 7.4120
    Cell Significance Index: -1.8800
  • Cell Name: ventricular cardiac muscle cell (CL2000046)
    Fold Change: 2.0220
    Cell Significance Index: 8.9500
  • Cell Name: intestinal tuft cell (CL0019032)
    Fold Change: 0.4264
    Cell Significance Index: 26.1500
  • Cell Name: bladder urothelial cell (CL1001428)
    Fold Change: 0.4098
    Cell Significance Index: 21.2900
  • Cell Name: medial ganglionic eminence derived interneuron (CL4023063)
    Fold Change: 0.3621
    Cell Significance Index: 5.1900
  • Cell Name: umbrella cell of urothelium (CL4030056)
    Fold Change: 0.3491
    Cell Significance Index: 3.2200
  • Cell Name: epithelial cell of uterus (CL0002149)
    Fold Change: 0.3056
    Cell Significance Index: 4.2400
  • Cell Name: germ cell (CL0000586)
    Fold Change: 0.2033
    Cell Significance Index: 1.5400
  • Cell Name: early T lineage precursor (CL0002425)
    Fold Change: 0.1822
    Cell Significance Index: 2.6500
  • Cell Name: enteroendocrine cell of colon (CL0009042)
    Fold Change: 0.0714
    Cell Significance Index: 13.5800
  • Cell Name: enterocyte of epithelium of large intestine (CL0002071)
    Fold Change: 0.0712
    Cell Significance Index: 3.2300
  • Cell Name: epithelial cell of stomach (CL0002178)
    Fold Change: 0.0548
    Cell Significance Index: 6.3900
  • Cell Name: cortical cell of adrenal gland (CL0002097)
    Fold Change: 0.0543
    Cell Significance Index: 1.4600
  • Cell Name: small intestine goblet cell (CL1000495)
    Fold Change: 0.0512
    Cell Significance Index: 1.8000
  • Cell Name: myeloid lineage restricted progenitor cell (CL0000839)
    Fold Change: 0.0499
    Cell Significance Index: 0.7000
  • Cell Name: tuft cell of colon (CL0009041)
    Fold Change: 0.0456
    Cell Significance Index: 41.2100
  • Cell Name: paneth cell of epithelium of small intestine (CL1000343)
    Fold Change: 0.0402
    Cell Significance Index: 0.8700
  • Cell Name: transit amplifying cell of colon (CL0009011)
    Fold Change: 0.0384
    Cell Significance Index: 1.2300
  • Cell Name: Purkinje cell (CL0000121)
    Fold Change: 0.0370
    Cell Significance Index: 0.8100
  • Cell Name: basal cell of urothelium (CL1000486)
    Fold Change: 0.0305
    Cell Significance Index: 3.7500
  • Cell Name: conjunctival epithelial cell (CL1000432)
    Fold Change: 0.0293
    Cell Significance Index: 0.4000
  • Cell Name: colon goblet cell (CL0009039)
    Fold Change: 0.0226
    Cell Significance Index: 2.2400
  • Cell Name: intermediate cell of urothelium (CL4030055)
    Fold Change: 0.0206
    Cell Significance Index: 3.7200
  • Cell Name: epithelial cell of small intestine (CL0002254)
    Fold Change: 0.0200
    Cell Significance Index: 3.2600
  • Cell Name: keratocyte (CL0002363)
    Fold Change: 0.0189
    Cell Significance Index: 0.3000
  • Cell Name: L2/3-6 intratelencephalic projecting glutamatergic neuron (CL4023040)
    Fold Change: 0.0181
    Cell Significance Index: 3.6300
  • Cell Name: proerythroblast (CL0000547)
    Fold Change: 0.0167
    Cell Significance Index: 0.2400
  • Cell Name: enterocyte of epithelium of small intestine (CL1000334)
    Fold Change: 0.0094
    Cell Significance Index: 0.2700
  • Cell Name: obsolete caudal ganglionic eminence derived GABAergic cortical interneuron (CL4023070)
    Fold Change: 0.0065
    Cell Significance Index: 2.3500
  • Cell Name: neoplastic cell (CL0001063)
    Fold Change: 0.0049
    Cell Significance Index: 0.9800
  • Cell Name: acinar cell of salivary gland (CL0002623)
    Fold Change: 0.0047
    Cell Significance Index: 0.2200
  • Cell Name: enteroendocrine cell of small intestine (CL0009006)
    Fold Change: 0.0032
    Cell Significance Index: 0.0800
  • Cell Name: cell in vitro (CL0001034)
    Fold Change: 0.0023
    Cell Significance Index: 1.2500
  • Cell Name: hair follicular keratinocyte (CL2000092)
    Fold Change: 0.0012
    Cell Significance Index: 0.5300
  • Cell Name: odontoblast (CL0000060)
    Fold Change: 0.0002
    Cell Significance Index: 0.0200
  • Cell Name: pigmented epithelial cell (CL0000529)
    Fold Change: -0.0004
    Cell Significance Index: -0.7100
  • Cell Name: kidney loop of Henle cortical thick ascending limb epithelial cell (CL1001109)
    Fold Change: -0.0006
    Cell Significance Index: -0.4400
  • Cell Name: intestinal crypt stem cell of colon (CL0009043)
    Fold Change: -0.0008
    Cell Significance Index: -0.0900
  • Cell Name: anterior lens cell (CL0002223)
    Fold Change: -0.0008
    Cell Significance Index: -1.5600
  • Cell Name: lens epithelial cell (CL0002224)
    Fold Change: -0.0011
    Cell Significance Index: -1.6300
  • Cell Name: secondary lens fiber (CL0002225)
    Fold Change: -0.0011
    Cell Significance Index: -1.4800
  • Cell Name: pancreatic A cell (CL0000171)
    Fold Change: -0.0022
    Cell Significance Index: -1.6000
  • Cell Name: eye photoreceptor cell (CL0000287)
    Fold Change: -0.0025
    Cell Significance Index: -0.1600
  • Cell Name: pulmonary alveolar epithelial cell (CL0000322)
    Fold Change: -0.0025
    Cell Significance Index: -1.8800
  • Cell Name: non-pigmented ciliary epithelial cell (CL0002304)
    Fold Change: -0.0026
    Cell Significance Index: -1.6700
  • Cell Name: type B pancreatic cell (CL0000169)
    Fold Change: -0.0028
    Cell Significance Index: -1.5800
  • Cell Name: pancreatic PP cell (CL0002275)
    Fold Change: -0.0030
    Cell Significance Index: -1.8500
  • Cell Name: corneal epithelial cell (CL0000575)
    Fold Change: -0.0035
    Cell Significance Index: -0.0500
  • Cell Name: dopaminergic neuron (CL0000700)
    Fold Change: -0.0037
    Cell Significance Index: -1.0700
  • Cell Name: ciliary muscle cell (CL1000443)
    Fold Change: -0.0040
    Cell Significance Index: -1.8000
  • Cell Name: pancreatic acinar cell (CL0002064)
    Fold Change: -0.0043
    Cell Significance Index: -0.7300
  • Cell Name: microfold cell of epithelium of small intestine (CL1000353)
    Fold Change: -0.0049
    Cell Significance Index: -0.3400
  • Cell Name: stromal cell of ovary (CL0002132)
    Fold Change: -0.0056
    Cell Significance Index: -0.7700
  • Cell Name: abnormal cell (CL0001061)
    Fold Change: -0.0058
    Cell Significance Index: -0.5900
  • Cell Name: pancreatic ductal cell (CL0002079)
    Fold Change: -0.0063
    Cell Significance Index: -0.7200
  • Cell Name: pigmented ciliary epithelial cell (CL0002303)
    Fold Change: -0.0069
    Cell Significance Index: -1.0000
  • Cell Name: pancreatic D cell (CL0000173)
    Fold Change: -0.0096
    Cell Significance Index: -2.0200
  • Cell Name: sebum secreting cell (CL0000317)
    Fold Change: -0.0127
    Cell Significance Index: -0.9000
  • Cell Name: basal cell of prostate epithelium (CL0002341)
    Fold Change: -0.0129
    Cell Significance Index: -0.3500
  • Cell Name: lactocyte (CL0002325)
    Fold Change: -0.0132
    Cell Significance Index: -1.7100
  • Cell Name: basal epithelial cell of tracheobronchial tree (CL0002329)
    Fold Change: -0.0140
    Cell Significance Index: -0.3900
  • Cell Name: forebrain neuroblast (CL1000042)
    Fold Change: -0.0141
    Cell Significance Index: -0.8700
  • Cell Name: cone retinal bipolar cell (CL0000752)
    Fold Change: -0.0143
    Cell Significance Index: -0.1100
  • Cell Name: indirect pathway medium spiny neuron (CL4023029)
    Fold Change: -0.0154
    Cell Significance Index: -0.6800
  • Cell Name: tonsil germinal center B cell (CL2000006)
    Fold Change: -0.0159
    Cell Significance Index: -1.8800
  • Cell Name: luminal adaptive secretory precursor cell of mammary gland (CL4033057)
    Fold Change: -0.0173
    Cell Significance Index: -0.8200
  • Cell Name: cardiac muscle myoblast (CL0000513)
    Fold Change: -0.0173
    Cell Significance Index: -1.3300
  • Cell Name: early pro-B cell (CL0002046)
    Fold Change: -0.0177
    Cell Significance Index: -1.1400
  • Cell Name: smooth muscle cell of sphincter of pupil (CL0002243)
    Fold Change: -0.0182
    Cell Significance Index: -1.8900
  • Cell Name: direct pathway medium spiny neuron (CL4023026)
    Fold Change: -0.0190
    Cell Significance Index: -0.7200
  • Cell Name: hippocampal granule cell (CL0001033)
    Fold Change: -0.0193
    Cell Significance Index: -1.3000
  • Cell Name: epithelial cell of nephron (CL1000449)
    Fold Change: -0.0212
    Cell Significance Index: -0.1800
  • Cell Name: kidney loop of Henle descending limb epithelial cell (CL1001021)
    Fold Change: -0.0223
    Cell Significance Index: -1.7700
  • Cell Name: retinal progenitor cell (CL0002672)
    Fold Change: -0.0230
    Cell Significance Index: -1.2900
  • Cell Name: BEST4+ enteroycte (CL4030026)
    Fold Change: -0.0232
    Cell Significance Index: -0.3500
  • Cell Name: skeletal muscle fiber (CL0008002)
    Fold Change: -0.0236
    Cell Significance Index: -0.6100
  • Cell Name: progenitor cell of mammary luminal epithelium (CL0009116)
    Fold Change: -0.0240
    Cell Significance Index: -1.7900
  • Cell Name: glycinergic neuron (CL1001509)
    Fold Change: -0.0257
    Cell Significance Index: -1.3500
  • Cell Name: epithelial cell of pancreas (CL0000083)
    Fold Change: -0.0285
    Cell Significance Index: -0.4700
  • Cell Name: L6b glutamatergic cortical neuron (CL4023038)
    Fold Change: -0.0357
    Cell Significance Index: -1.1700
  • Cell Name: transit amplifying cell of small intestine (CL0009012)
    Fold Change: -0.0357
    Cell Significance Index: -0.7400
  • Cell Name: corticothalamic-projecting glutamatergic cortical neuron (CL4023013)
    Fold Change: -0.0358
    Cell Significance Index: -1.1400
  • Cell Name: mesonephric nephron tubule epithelial cell (CL1000022)
    Fold Change: -0.0360
    Cell Significance Index: -1.2500
  • Cell Name: fibroblast of dermis (CL0002551)
    Fold Change: -0.0368
    Cell Significance Index: -0.7700
  • Cell Name: placental villous trophoblast (CL2000060)
    Fold Change: -0.0369
    Cell Significance Index: -0.9900
  • Cell Name: L5 extratelencephalic projecting glutamatergic cortical neuron (CL4023041)
    Fold Change: -0.0380
    Cell Significance Index: -1.3300
  • Cell Name: obsolete epithelial cell of alveolus of lung (CL0010003)
    Fold Change: -0.0385
    Cell Significance Index: -0.9600
  • Cell Name: retinal rod cell (CL0000604)
    Fold Change: -0.0386
    Cell Significance Index: -0.4600
  • Cell Name: hippocampal pyramidal neuron (CL1001571)
    Fold Change: -0.0406
    Cell Significance Index: -1.1600
  • Cell Name: stratified epithelial cell (CL0000079)
    Fold Change: -0.0436
    Cell Significance Index: -1.6000
  • Cell Name: duct epithelial cell (CL0000068)
    Fold Change: -0.0441
    Cell Significance Index: -0.6100
  • Cell Name: lymphoid lineage restricted progenitor cell (CL0000838)
    Fold Change: -0.0442
    Cell Significance Index: -0.5600
  • Cell Name: neutrophil progenitor cell (CL0000834)
    Fold Change: -0.0449
    Cell Significance Index: -1.2000
  • Cell Name: thyroid follicular cell (CL0002258)
    Fold Change: -0.0480
    Cell Significance Index: -0.5100
  • Cell Name: granulosa cell (CL0000501)
    Fold Change: -0.0487
    Cell Significance Index: -1.2800
  • Cell Name: lens fiber cell (CL0011004)
    Fold Change: -0.0493
    Cell Significance Index: -1.5600
  • Cell Name: pvalb GABAergic cortical interneuron (CL4023018)
    Fold Change: -0.0514
    Cell Significance Index: -1.0900
  • Cell Name: near-projecting glutamatergic cortical neuron (CL4023012)
    Fold Change: -0.0517
    Cell Significance Index: -1.2900
  • Cell Name: cerebral cortex endothelial cell (CL1001602)
    Fold Change: -0.0526
    Cell Significance Index: -1.0700

Cell ID: Standard Cell Ontology term used for mapping and comparing cells across experiments. Ensures consistency in analyzing cellular functions across tissues.
Fold Change: Represents the ratio of the current Cell Significance Index to the Cell Significance Index Threshold, indicating how much the gene expression has changed compared to a baseline.
Cell Significance Index: Reflects how strongly a gene is expressed in this specific cell.

Cell ID: Standard Cell Ontology term used for mapping and comparing cells across experiments. Ensures consistency in analyzing cellular functions across tissues.
Fold Change: Represents the ratio of the current Cell Significance Index to the Cell Significance Index Threshold, indicating how much the gene expression has changed compared to a baseline.
Cell Significance Index: Reflects how strongly a gene is expressed in this cell type. Calculated using techniques like effect size estimation and bootstrapping for reliability.

Cell ID: Standard Cell Ontology term used for mapping and comparing cells across experiments. Ensures consistency in analyzing cellular functions across tissues.
Fold Change: Represents the ratio of the current Cell Significance Index to the Cell Significance Index Threshold, indicating how much the gene expression has changed compared to a baseline.
Cell Significance Index: Reflects how strongly a gene is expressed in this cell type. Calculated using techniques like effect size estimation and bootstrapping for reliability.

Other Information

**Key Characteristics:** 1. **Cellular Expression:** GDF9 is expressed in multiple cell types, including oocytes, early T lineage precursors, and specialized epithelial cells in the gastrointestinal tract. 2. **Tissue Distribution:** GDF9 is widely expressed in various tissues, including the ovaries, testes, colon, and kidney. 3. **Functionality:** GDF9 is involved in regulating cell growth, differentiation, and proliferation, particularly in the context of female gamete generation and oocyte growth. 4. **Signaling Pathways:** GDF9 activates transforming growth factor beta (TGF-β) receptor signaling pathways, which play critical roles in regulating cell growth, differentiation, and immune responses. **Pathways and Functions:** 1. **Female Gamete Generation:** GDF9 plays a crucial role in regulating the growth and development of oocytes, particularly during follicular growth and ovulation. 2. **Oocyte Growth:** GDF9 is involved in regulating the growth and maturation of oocytes, influencing their ability to undergo successful fertilization and development. 3. **Regulation of Progesterone Secretion:** GDF9 has been shown to regulate the expression of progesterone, a hormone essential for maintaining pregnancy. 4. **Cytokine Activity:** GDF9 activates TGF-β receptor signaling pathways, which play critical roles in regulating immune responses and inflammation. **Clinical Significance:** 1. **Reproductive Disorders:** Abnormal expression of GDF9 has been linked to various reproductive disorders, including polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), anovulation, and infertility. 2. **Gastrointestinal Disorders:** Alterations in GDF9 expression have been observed in gastrointestinal disorders, such as inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and cancer. 3. **Cancer:** GDF9 has been implicated in the development and progression of various cancers, including ovarian, breast, and colon cancer. 4. **Immunological Disorders:** GDF9 plays a role in regulating immune responses and inflammation, making it a potential target for the treatment of immunological disorders, such as autoimmune diseases. In conclusion, GDF9 is a multifunctional cytokine that plays critical roles in regulating female gamete generation, oocyte growth, and tissue development. Its dysregulation has been linked to various reproductive and gastrointestinal disorders, highlighting the need for further research into the mechanisms underlying GDF9's functions and its potential therapeutic applications.

Genular Protein ID: 200284031

Symbol: GDF9_HUMAN

Name: Growth/differentiation factor 9

UniProtKB Accession Codes:

Database IDs:

Citations:

PubMed ID: 15372022

Title: The DNA sequence and comparative analysis of human chromosome 5.

PubMed ID: 15372022

DOI: 10.1038/nature02919

PubMed ID: 15489334

Title: The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC).

PubMed ID: 15489334

DOI: 10.1101/gr.2596504

PubMed ID: 10443672

Title: Human growth differentiation factor 9 (GDF-9) and its novel homolog GDF-9B are expressed in oocytes during early folliculogenesis.

PubMed ID: 10443672

DOI: 10.1210/jcem.84.8.5921

PubMed ID: 12050262

Title: Growth differentiation factor-9 inhibits 3'5'-adenosine monophosphate-stimulated steroidogenesis in human granulosa and theca cells.

PubMed ID: 12050262

DOI: 10.1210/jcem.87.6.8551

PubMed ID: 18006624

Title: Phosphorylation of bone morphogenetic protein-15 and growth and differentiation factor-9 plays a critical role in determining agonistic or antagonistic functions.

PubMed ID: 18006624

DOI: 10.1210/en.2007-1439

PubMed ID: 19366876

Title: Effects of growth differentiation factor 9 on cell cycle regulators and ERK42/44 in human granulosa cell proliferation.

PubMed ID: 19366876

DOI: 10.1152/ajpendo.90929.2008

PubMed ID: 20067794

Title: Golgi apparatus casein kinase phosphorylates bioactive Ser-6 of bone morphogenetic protein 15 and growth and differentiation factor 9.

PubMed ID: 20067794

DOI: 10.1016/j.febslet.2009.12.052

PubMed ID: 20660033

Title: Growth differentiation factor 9 reverses activin A suppression of steroidogenic acute regulatory protein expression and progesterone production in human granulosa-lutein cells.

PubMed ID: 20660033

DOI: 10.1210/jc.2010-0477

PubMed ID: 21632818

Title: Growth differentiating factor 9 (GDF9) and bone morphogenetic protein 15 both activate development of human primordial follicles in vitro, with seemingly more beneficial effects of GDF9.

PubMed ID: 21632818

DOI: 10.1210/jc.2011-0410

PubMed ID: 21829661

Title: Growth differentiation factor 9 (GDF9) suppresses follistatin and follistatin-like 3 production in human granulosa-lutein cells.

PubMed ID: 21829661

DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0022866

PubMed ID: 21970812

Title: The ratio of growth differentiation factor 9: bone morphogenetic protein 15 mRNA expression is tightly co-regulated and differs between species over a wide range of ovulation rates.

PubMed ID: 21970812

DOI: 10.1016/j.mce.2011.09.033

PubMed ID: 29044499

Title: Identification of the first homozygous 1-bp deletion in GDF9 gene leading to primary ovarian insufficiency by using targeted massively parallel sequencing.

PubMed ID: 29044499

DOI: 10.1111/cge.13156

PubMed ID: 16278619

Title: Mutational screening of the coding region of growth differentiation factor 9 gene in Indian women with ovarian failure.

PubMed ID: 16278619

DOI: 10.1097/01.gme.0000184424.96437.7a

PubMed ID: 16645022

Title: Mutations and sequence variants in GDF9 and BMP15 in patients with premature ovarian failure.

PubMed ID: 16645022

DOI: 10.1530/eje.1.02135

PubMed ID: 16954162

Title: Novel variants in growth differentiation factor 9 in mothers of dizygotic twins.

PubMed ID: 16954162

DOI: 10.1210/jc.2006-0970

PubMed ID: 17156781

Title: Growth differentiating factor-9 mutations may be associated with premature ovarian failure.

PubMed ID: 17156781

DOI: 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2006.05.079

PubMed ID: 17482612

Title: Analyses of GDF9 mutation in 100 Chinese women with premature ovarian failure.

PubMed ID: 17482612

DOI: 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2007.01.021

PubMed ID: 19438907

Title: Analyses of growth differentiation factor 9 (GDF9) and bone morphogenetic protein 15 (BMP15) mutation in Chinese women with premature ovarian failure.

PubMed ID: 19438907

DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2265.2009.03613.x

Sequence Information:

  • Length: 454
  • Mass: 51444
  • Checksum: 94EA366E90CDBC27
  • Sequence:
  • MARPNKFLLW FCCFAWLCFP ISLGSQASGG EAQIAASAEL ESGAMPWSLL QHIDERDRAG 
    LLPALFKVLS VGRGGSPRLQ PDSRALHYMK KLYKTYATKE GIPKSNRSHL YNTVRLFTPC 
    TRHKQAPGDQ VTGILPSVEL LFNLDRITTV EHLLKSVLLY NINNSVSFSS AVKCVCNLMI 
    KEPKSSSRTL GRAPYSFTFN SQFEFGKKHK WIQIDVTSLL QPLVASNKRS IHMSINFTCM 
    KDQLEHPSAQ NGLFNMTLVS PSLILYLNDT SAQAYHSWYS LHYKRRPSQG PDQERSLSAY 
    PVGEEAAEDG RSSHHRHRRG QETVSSELKK PLGPASFNLS EYFRQFLLPQ NECELHDFRL 
    SFSQLKWDNW IVAPHRYNPR YCKGDCPRAV GHRYGSPVHT MVQNIIYEKL DSSVPRPSCV 
    PAKYSPLSVL TIEPDGSIAY KEYEDMIATK CTCR

Genular Protein ID: 2938199449

Symbol: B4DXG3_HUMAN

Name: N/A

UniProtKB Accession Codes:

Database IDs:

Citations:

PubMed ID: 11237011

Title: Initial sequencing and analysis of the human genome.

PubMed ID: 11237011

DOI: 10.1038/35057062

PubMed ID: 15372022

Title: The DNA sequence and comparative analysis of human chromosome 5.

PubMed ID: 15372022

DOI: 10.1038/nature02919

PubMed ID: 15496913

Title: Finishing the euchromatic sequence of the human genome.

PubMed ID: 15496913

DOI: 10.1038/nature03001

Sequence Information:

  • Length: 366
  • Mass: 41845
  • Checksum: 3D62CD3E9FC270A8
  • Sequence:
  • MKKLYKTYAT KEGIPKSNRS HLYNTVRLFT PCTRHKQAPG DQVTGILPSV ELLFNLDRIT 
    TVEHLLKSVL LYNINNSVSF SSAVKCVCNL MIKEPKSSSR TLGRAPYSFT FNSQFEFGKK 
    HKWIQIDVTS LLQPLVASNK RSIHMSINFT CMKDQLEHPS AQNGLFNMTL VSPSLILYLN 
    DTSAQAYHSW YSLHYKRRPS QGPDQERSLS AYPVGEEAAE DGRSSHHRHR RGQETVSSEL 
    KKPLGPASFN LSEYFRQFLL PQNECELHDF RLSFSQLKWD NWIVAPHRYN PRYCKGDCPR 
    AVGHRYGSPV HTMVQNIIYE KLDSSVPRPS CVPAKYSPLS VLTIEPDGSI AYKEYEDMIA 
    TKCTCR

Database document:

This is a preview of the gene's schema. Only a few entries are kept for 'singleCellExpressions,' 'mRNAExpressions,' and other large data arrays for visualization purposes. You can zoom in with the mouse wheel for a closer view, and the text will adjust automatically if necessary. For the full schema, download it here.